Institutional Level Research Articles

Assessment of the barriers to AI integration in teacher education programme through Deiph method Nigerian Universities lecturers’ experience

The study adopted survey design to examine Michael Okpara University OF Agriculture Umudike and Alvan Ikoku University of Education Owerri teacher educators’ experience on the barriers to AI integration in teacher education programme in Nigerian universities through Deiph method. Researchers’ made experience response questionnaire titled” Teacher-educators Questionnaire on the barriers to Ai integration in Teacher education programme in Nigerian Universities using Deiph method” (TQBAIEEP). TQBAIEEP was used for data collection. It had reliability coefficient of 0.8 5 determined using Cronbach Alpha. The data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation in answering research questions. The findings showed that teacher educators’ experiences indicate that barriers to AI integration in teacher education in Nigerian universities exist at the institutional, technological, and socio-cultural factors levels. Recommendations were made which span institutional, technological, and socio-cultural dimensions, emphasizing cross-cutting strategies and capacity building. The Deiph method provides a structured framework for diagnosing, evaluating, identifying, and prioritizing the barriers.

Parents’ experiences of perinatal child protection processes: A systematic review and thematic synthesis informed by a socio-ecological approach

BackgroundNationally and internationally, researchers and practitioners are increasingly expressing concerns regarding the number of babies removed by child protection systems soon after birth and how child protection processes in the perinatal period (conception to one year following birth) impact families. AimThis systematic review synthesises qualitative studies to gain an understanding of the experiences and needs of pregnant women, mothers, and fathers involved in perinatal child protection processes that occur in health, welfare, and legal systems. MethodsMulti-disciplinary electronic databases (13) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles written in English and published since 2000. Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. Analysis adopted a socio-ecological approach and thematic synthesis. An expert advisory group comprised of lived experience advisors, service providers, and academics contributed to development of the thematic framework. ResultsAlthough the reviewed studies were conducted between 2005 and 2023 with diverse participants from six countries, they highlight parents’ similar experiences of perinatal child protection processes. Parents’ experiences are synthesised according to spheres of the socio-ecological model:(i) At the individual level, parents described their love, hope, confusion, fear, agency, and anguish.(ii) Within relationships parents recounted broken parent-baby bonds, limited personal and professional support, and the implications of trauma and trust for parent-professional relationships.(iii) When engaging with organisations parents reported pervasive surveillance and harmful processes, inadequate communication and support, and power imbalances.(iv) At policy and societal levels parents’ experiences pointed to dominant Western norms and values, increased poverty and homelessness, compromised rights, and prejudicial perinatal policies.Also synthesised are parents’, professionals’, and researchers’ recommendations for improving perinatal child protection processes and supporting families. ConclusionsOver the last 20 years, qualitative studies from around the globe have consistently reported the adverse biopsychosocial impacts of removing babies from their families. Addressing poverty and trauma, redressing power imbalances, and mitigating the enduring impact of perinatal child protection processes is critical for parents’ to be able to keep or be reunified with their babies. Shifts at institutional, policy, and societal levels are needed to: prioritise prevention and early intervention; enable relational practice and cross-sector collaboration; and move beyond traditional Western notions of family. Centring parents’ voices in efforts to improve child protection processes before and after birth will help inform the delivery of early and appropriate support to meet parents’ identified needs and promote family wellbeing.

Meet and Greet Sessions: A Unique Virtual Opt-Out Approach to Support Trainee Well-Being.

Background Interventions to support graduate medical education (GME) trainee well-being at the institutional level continue to be an area for continuous improvement. Objective To assess participation, feasibility, and acceptability of a virtual, individual, brief, nonevaluative opt-out approach to accessing mental health support for residents and fellows. Methods From 2021 to 2023, all GME programs at one large institution were invited to participate. During orientation, incoming trainees from programs that had communicated interest were prescheduled for optional 20-minute, virtual "meet and greet" sessions with a counselor from the hospital's Employee Assistance Program. Nonformal feedback was gathered using an anonymous 6-question survey. Results Three hundred thirty-four residents and fellows from 12 of 74 (16%) participating GME programs were prescheduled for opt-out sessions over 3 academic years. Of the 334, 182 (54%) attended the sessions, 116 (35%) subsequently reached out to start counseling, and 108 (32%) responded to the survey. Each year, approximately 7 counselor hours were needed for the opt-out sessions per week over an 8-week period, which was feasible and added no extra cost. In the follow-up survey shared with all participants, 59 of 81 (73%) respondents reported that the sessions helped to reduce barriers to seeking mental health care. Conclusions During orientation, one-half of invited GME trainees participated in a virtual, individual, brief, nonevaluative meet and greet session with a counselor using an opt-out approach, and one-third subsequently requested counseling. Survey feedback was encouraging, and this approach can serve to help normalize culture surrounding accessing mental health services.

Halal and Muslim-Minority Countries: A Systematic Literature Review

Muslim-minority countries have emerged among the largest exporters of halal products for the Muslim market and received significant numbers of inbound Muslim travellers. The global nature of the halal industry value chain calls for a thorough understanding about halal, particularly in the context of Muslim-minority countries. To gain this understanding, a systematic literature review was conducted to explore the themes of halal research in Muslim-minority countries. A total of 22 empirical research articles were analysed based on a review protocol adapted from ROSES. The articles were sourced from the Scopus and Web of Science, with Google Scholar as a supplementary database. The study generated five main themes that synthesise the scholarly knowledge about halal in the context of Muslim-minority countries at the consumer, organization, and institution levels of analysis. The findings illustrate the lack of understanding about halal among the industry players and consumers, as well as the lack of central governance and policymaking within the halal industry in Muslim-minority countries. Based on the findings, the study provides future direction for research and practice.

UNEQUAL AGING: DISPARITIES IN GERIATRIC RESEARCH AND A CALL FOR UNIFIED ACTION

An increase in aging population poses significant challenges which are more pronounced in low- and lower middleincome countries. This editorial explores the multifaceted challenges in geriatric research such as demographic disparities, methodological complexities, ethical concern, challenges in data analysis and underrepresentation in studies with a focus on autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. To effectively address the challenges, a concerted multinational research consortia for the development of universally applicable care model is critical. Methodological advancements, increased funding at individual and institutional levels, and implementation of evidence-based healthcare policy will help in ensuring that the aged worldwide receive comprehensive care.

병영생활 전문상담관의 경험에 대한 질적 사례 연구: 경계선급 지능 병사 상담 경험을 중심으로

This study aimed to explore the experiences of military counselors from various perspectives and to deeply explore their experiences focusing on meeting and counseling borderline-level intelligence soldiers while working as military counselors. To this end, three military counselors with experience counseling borderline-level intelligence soldiers were selected and the study was conducted using a qualitative case study method. The research results yielded three primary categories, five middle categories, and 16 subcategories. The three primary categories were: ‘Military life of soldiers with borderline intellectual functioning as perceived by military counselors,’ ‘Counseling experiences of military counselors with soldiers who have borderline intellectual functioning,’ and ‘Areas for improvement identified by military counselors through their counseling experiences with soldiers with borderline intellectual functioning.’ Military counselors met borderline-level intelligence soldiers through the initial counseling process and observation of those around them, and during the counseling process, they came to recognize the various difficulties they experienced in military life. The military counselors felt rewarded by the fact that they played a supporting role through continuous counseling for soldiers with borderline intelligence during their military life. However, they experienced various difficulties in counseling due to the characteristics of borderline intelligence, and they recognized that efforts were needed to support soldiers with borderline intelligence at the individual and institutional levels. Based on these research results, practical and institutional supplements that should be considered in the future to support soldiers with borderline intelligence adapting to military life were proposed.

공공기관 상임감사와 감사조직의 특성이 청렴 수준 평가에 미치는 영향

The government has been evaluating the overall integrity levels of public institutions to promote and support anti-corruption efforts at all levels, including improving vulnerable areas and spreading integrity awareness and culture. However, despite these integrity assessments, recent corruption cases in public institutions have become a social issue, and the appointment of unprofessional executive auditors continues to be controversial regardless of the administration. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the characteristics of executive auditors and audit office organizations in public institutions on the results of integrity assessments. To this end, a panel data set was constructed using the integrity evaluation results from the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission and the performance reports of executive auditors in public institutions from 2019 to 2023. An ordered probit model was employed to empirically analyze the impact of the characteristics of executive auditors and audit office organizations on the integrity evaluation results. The analysis results showed that the personal characteristics of the executive auditor, such as experience, age, and education, did not have a statistically significant impact on the integrity evaluation results. On the other hand, among the characteristics variables of the audit organization, it was found that the higher the budget ratio of the audit office to the total budget of the institution and the larger the number of staff in the audit office, the more likely the institution is to receive a higher comprehensive integrity grade. Additionally, while the professionalism of the executive auditor and the audit department did not affect integrity, high ethics and independence had a positive impact on integrity. In other words, it was estimated that the budget ratio of the audit office to the total budget of the institution, the number of staff in the audit office, and the ethics and independence of the audit department have a more important impact on integrity than the personal characteristics of the executive auditor.

Correlation between students’ emotional intelligence and emotional dependency

The aim of the article is to determine the specifics of the relationship between the components of emotional intelligence (EI) and the emotional dependency (ED) reactions in student age. The MSCEIT (The Mayer–Salovey–Caruzo Emotional Intelligence Test) and R. Hirshfield’s Interpersonal Dependence Test were used to achieve the aim and objectives of the study. The article analyses the dynamics and correlation of indicators for educational courses at the bachelor’s level of higher education institutions (HEIs). The prevalence of the medium indicators of the levels of EI and manifestations of ED was found during the studied period. A significant increase in EI indicators was determined between the second and third years of study. A gradual decrease in the ED reaction before the completion of studies in HEIs was recorded. Significant correlations of the ED parameters with the conscious management of emotions, the ability to understand and identify experiences were calculated. Most often, the connections between the EI components were established to manifested with the level of self-confidence. It can be stated that high EI indicators determine a decrease in EI. The research prospects may be the development and verification of the effectiveness of programmes for EI development at student age.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENGHAMBAT KAJI ETIK PROTOKOL PENELITIAN: STUDI PADA KOMITE ETIK PENELITIAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET, SURAKARTA

Ethics review is essential prior to conducting research involving humans and animals. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethics review procedures and identify the causes of delayed ethical approval of the protocols submitted to Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret during 2022-2023. Retrospective data collected include protocol identity number, institution and educational level of the proposer, research type, date of protocol submission, completion of initial ethics review, and issuance of the ethical clearance certificate. A total of 458 protocols were received over 2 years period but the processing of 8 protocols were discontinued so that those 8 protocols were excluded from further analysis. Of the 450 protocols analysed, most involved human subjects (331; 73.6%). The majority of proposers were from UNS (309; 68.7%), were students (353; 78.4%), and had undergraduate education (166; 36.9%). The duration of the initial ethics review was generally <2 weeks (90.4%). Most (92.7%) protocols needed revision. The majority (66.4%) of proposers needed <2 weeks to revise the protocol. The total time for the entire ethics review process was 22.9 ± 14 days. Further evaluation found that the average duration needed for protocol revision was longer than that for reviewing (16 vs 9 days). It can be concluded that the ethics review process ran effectively so that almost all protocols submitted could undergo initial reviews in a relatively short time. The delayed ethical approval was due to the slow protocol revision process by the proposers.

Impact of Social Media Addiction Among Medical Students on Their Social Interaction, Well-Being, and Personality: A Comparative Study.

Background Social media addiction has emerged as a growing concern, particularly among young adults, including medical students who face unique stressors and demands. The widespread usage of social media platforms can lead to addictive behaviors affecting mental health, academic performance, and interpersonal relationships. Understanding the relationship between social media addiction, personality traits, social interaction, and overall well-being is crucial for developing effective interventions to support this vulnerable group. Aim To study the relationship of social media addiction with social interaction, well-being, and personality in medical students. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 students from a medical institution, including both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Data were collected through an online survey, administered via Google Forms. Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMA-SF), Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Social Phobia Scale, Medical Student Well-Being Index (MSWBI), Three-Item Loneliness Scale (T-ILS), and Short Big Five Inventory Scale (BFI-10) were applied to all the participants. Results A total of 292 medical students participated in the study, comprising 122 males and 170 females. The analysis revealed that both male and female students exhibit similar levels of susceptibility to social media addiction, as evidenced by comparable scores on measures of social media addiction, social interaction anxiety, social phobia, loneliness, well-being, and personality traits. Regression analysis identified time spent on social media and agreeableness as significant predictors of social media addiction, with no signs of multicollinearity. These findings indicate that male and female medical students share similar psychological profiles, highlighting critical factors that influence social media usage within this population. Conclusion This study highlights a significant prevalence of social media addiction among medical students, affecting 76.7% (n = 224) of participants, with slightly higher rates observed among females (n = 132, 78%) compared to males (n = 92, 72%). This addiction correlates with adverse psychological traits such as heightened social interaction anxiety, social phobia, and loneliness, along with personality traits like neuroticism. Both genders exhibit similar susceptibility to addiction, influenced by factors such as time spent socializing and agreeableness. Addressing these findings through targeted interventions could improve medical students' overall well-being and mental health outcomes, underscoring the need for further research and effective strategies in academic settings.

Practice-enhancing publications about the medication-use process in 2023.

In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. This article identifies, prioritizes, and summarizes published literature on the medication-use process (MUP) from calendar year 2023 that can impact health-system pharmacy daily practice. The MUP is the foundational system that provides the framework for safe medication utilization within the healthcare environment. The MUP is defined in this article as having the following components: prescribing/transcribing, dispensing, administration, and monitoring. Articles evaluating at least one step of the MUP were assessed for their usefulness toward practice improvement. A PubMed search was conducted in January 2024 for calendar year 2023 using targeted Medical Subject Headings keywords and the tables of contents of selected pharmacy journals were searched, providing a total of 5,314 articles. A thorough review identified 40 potentially practice-enhancing articles: 8 for prescribing/transcribing, 15 for dispensing, 6 for administration, and 11 for monitoring. The trends from the articles are briefly summarized, with a mention of the importance within health-system pharmacy. The articles are listed and summarized in tables for further review and evaluation. It is important to routinely review the published literature and to incorporate significant findings into daily practice. This article assists in identifying and summarizing the most impactful literature from 2023. Health-system pharmacists have an active role in improving the MUP in their institutions, and awareness of significant published studies can assist in changing practice at the institutional level.

Teachers’ Stress and Wellbeing in North Macedonia: A Scoping Review

This scoping review aimed to analyze peer-reviewed studies on teachers’ work stress and wellbeing status in North Macedonia, addressing the stress prevalence among teachers and identifying gaps for future research. A database search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO, and Google.com in English, Macedonian and Albanian Languages from 2010 to December 2023. The search yielded 631 articles, of which 11 were screened for eligibility, and six met the inclusion criteria. Four studies focused on work stress, two on burnout; however, none addressed teachers’ wellbeing, leaving this aspect unknown. The stress level among teachers was moderate to high, attributed to various work stressors and demographic factors. The findings highlight the need for more research on wellbeing and other aspects of mental health among teachers. Additionally, to support teacher wellbeing, the review suggests the substantial need for health promotion programs at both individual and institutional levels

Exploring inclusive teaching practices of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) in Higher Education (HE): A call for systemic change

This brief communication underscores the critical importance of cultivating inclusive teaching practices in higher education (HE), particularly in English for Academic Purposes (EAP), as student demographics become increasingly diverse. Drawing on preliminary findings from a BALEAP-funded project, it advocates for comprehensive transformations across individual, departmental, and institutional levels to ensure effective implementation of inclusive teaching practices. Emphasising the multifaceted nature of inclusivity, this article highlights the need for a paradigm shift at the individual level, supported by continuous professional development and cultural competence enhancement. Moreover, it stresses the significance of systemic changes at departmental and institutional levels, including revisiting curriculum design and assessment practices. Finally, the article asserts that fostering inclusive teaching practices demands both independence and active collaboration among stakeholders, offering a roadmap for creating learning environments that value diversity and empower all students to succeed in HE. Through this lens, the preliminary findings and recommendations discussed offer initial insights into creating more inclusive and effective learning environments, resonating with the mission to support comprehensive learning development practices and pedagogies in HE.

Knowledge-map and research trends of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer: a scientometric analysis

Assessing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in early-stage breast cancer patients can help identify relapse risk for timely interventions. Molecular analysis of CTCs can reveal vulnerabilities for personalized treatment options in metastatic breast cancer. This study aims to summarize CTCs in breast cancer research understanding and evaluate research trends. Extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection, publications on CTCs in breast cancer studies spanning from January 1, 2008, to December 21, 2023, were included. Co-authorships, references, and keywords were analyzed using Bibliometrix R packages and VOSviewer software. References and keywords burst detection were conducted with CiteSpace, and BICOMB was utilized to generate high-frequency keyword layouts. Biclustering analysis of the binary co-keyword matrix was performed using gCLUTO. 1747 articles focusing on CTCs in breast cancer were identified. The USA and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrated the highest productivity at the national and institutional levels, respectively. The journal “CANCERS” had the highest publication outputs on this subject. Pantel K emerged as the foremost author with the highest publication and co-citation counts. Analysis of co-keywords unveiled five prominent research areas concerning CTCs in breast cancer. The prognostic and predictive roles of CTCs in breast cancer have substantial implications for clinical practice. Nevertheless, precise assessment of CTCs, encompassing its quantities and attributes through advanced technologies, and its role in detecting minimal residual disease in breast cancer, continue to pose notable challenges. In conclusion, recent advancements and trends in CTCs research in breast cancer are examined through scientometric analysis in this study. The results provide valuable insights for the formulation of novel approaches in CTCs research, emphasizing the current research frontiers.

Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI) in Introductory Technical and Professional Communication (TPC) Courses Across Institutions

ABSTRACT The social justice turn of the last two decades has spurred significant scholarship, but much remains to be done to gauge the impact of social justice scholarship on programmatic and curricular efforts. Programmatic and curricular development provides the primary, most important platform and “nurturing ground for promoting and enacting social justice” (p. 39), and that should engage our attention. This article is one such attempt, even if small, at contributing to this work by investigating justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (JEDI) initiatives in introductory TPC classes across institutions in TPC programs nationwide. It reports the results of a survey of instructors of introductory TPC courses across US institutions as well as an analysis of syllabi used by those instructors. Noting a multiplicity of macro- and micro-level challenges to JEDI work, the authors call for increased and targeted curricular discussion of JEDI as well as focused support and training for instructors at the institutional and programmatic levels.

Prevalence and underdiagnosis of burn out syndrome in critical services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: The importance of knowing the impact of work on people's health has increased after the COVID-19 pandemic. Burn Out (BO) syndrome arises from the tension emerging from the conflictive interaction between the worker and his or her employment. The objective was to describe the prevalence and frequency of diagnosis of BO in the health human resources of critical services of the Bahía Blanca Municipal Hospital in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study population was the medical and nursing staff of the Intensive Care (IT), Emergency Medicine (SMU) and Clinic services who worked with COVID-19 during 2021. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire was used and complementary closed questions to identify, among these cases, those that were diagnosed and treated by the institution.Results: Of the 219 workers, 55.3% (121/219) were nurses. In the SMU, 25% (24/96) of respondents had BO, followed by 20.4% (11/54) in Clinic and 8.7% (6/69) in IT (p value=0.004). Only 5.5% (12/219) of the total were diagnosed with BO by the institution and of this group, two people (0.9%) had previously consulted for characteristic symptoms.Discussion: A high prevalence of BO and a marked underdiagnosis were evident at the institutional level during the pandemic. Although the IT Service had the highest demand for attention, it was the one that presented the lowest BO values in relation to other services.

Research on the Elements of Public Administration Participation in China

Public administrative participation in China is an organic system centered on the legal relationship between the administrative subject and the administrative counterpart. This organic system consists of multiple elements, mainly including the subject, object, method, and effectiveness of public administrative participation. Factors affecting the effective integration of various elements of public administrative participation in China include imperfect legal systems, insufficient operability, and the absence of incentive mechanisms. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an equal public administrative participation model from the legal and institutional levels, enhance the public’s willingness to participate in public administration and enrich the ways of public administrative participation.

International students’ experiences in Brisbane during COVID times through a social justice lens

ABSTRACT The article examines the situation of international students living in Brisbane during COVID lockdowns, through a social justice lens. Despite the significant economic contribution of tertiary international students towards the Australian economy, they were excluded from government pandemic support. Help provided by other organisations was limited. International students felt undervalued and excluded, facing challenges due to their lack of income from part-time jobs, mental health issues, constraints in relation to home arrangements, online study, and lack of sense of belonging. Our findings further show that although place was a determinant in the wellbeing of students, social attachment (either spatially or a-spatially) was the most valued support to students. While there has been research on the needs of international students in Australia during lockdowns, no studies yet link these three variables: COVID lockdowns, their effects on international students left in Australia, and considerations of city scale, in a mutually influencing relationship. We followed a qualitative research design, using interviews and focus group discussions with international students and support providers in Brisbane during COVID times. We argue that both distributive and institutional dimensions of justice are important to understand the disadvantaged situation experienced by international students: the institutional COVID restrictions greatly affected students ‘trapped’ in the country, while there was a very limited distribution of resources that did not match the needs of students. We conclude with some recommendations as a result of our research. Practitioner pointers During a global pandemic, government needs to ensure that all people stranded in the country, including international students, are entitled to the same financial assistance. International students should have been consulted about, and appropriately informed through effective ways of communication about the services provided to them during the pandemic. All levels of government and educational institutions dealing with international students, need to fully consult with students and listen to their concerns.

Individual, household and institutional level predictors of waste sorting: Evidence for Ecuador.

The rapid increase in waste generation in developing countries presents significant challenges, necessitating effective waste management strategies. This study examines the influence of individual, household and institutional factors on waste sorting behaviours in Ecuador, employing an ordered logistic regression model. Data were sourced from the 2019 National Multipurpose Household Survey (NMHS) and the Census of Economic Environmental Information in Decentralised Autonomous Governments (CEEIGAD). The NMHS uses a two-stage probabilistic sampling methodology, with census sectors as the primary sampling units and households as the secondary units. After excluding outliers and selecting individuals aged 15-65 years, the final sample consisted of 8601 households, including 26,175 individuals. The findings reveal that personal attributes such as gender, ethnicity, age, marital status and environmental concern significantly influence waste sorting behaviours. Household characteristics, including urban or rural location, are also critical. Institutional factors, such as municipal regulations, waste collection fees and waste separation at source, play essential roles in promoting waste separation. The study highlights the necessity for targeted governmental policies. Recommendations include improving environmental education, increasing sorting infrastructure in urban areas and ensuring waste collection systems maintain the separation of waste streams.

Unveiling nurses' perspectives on decent work: A qualitative exploration.

This study explores nurses' perspectives on the concept of "decent work" and the factors influencing their viewpoints. This qualitative study employed a conventional content analysis approach using face-to-face interviews. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 registered nurses at two tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou, China, from October to November 2023. Decent work for nurses refers to their engagement in a profession within a secure, fair, and friendly practice environment where they could receive respect, support, reasonable compensation, social security, and opportunities for career development, all of which could enable nurses to recognize their intrinsic values and achieve a state of professional and personal fulfillment. Key factors that influence decent work for nurses include the work environment, societal perceptions, and individual characteristics. The concept of decent work holds paramount importance for nurses, necessitating collaborative efforts at the individual, family, institutional, and societal levels to promote the professional dignity of nurses and enhance the quality of nursing care. Policymakers should establish regional minimum wage standards for nurses, promote flexible scheduling, and support professional development through subsidized training programs. Additionally, national media campaigns and comprehensive mental health support can enhance the public image and resilience of nurses, respectively, improving their decent work perception.