Operation Of Institutions Research Articles

Teaching Turkish children to mand for information in the context of tact instruction

AbstractThis study explores the efficacy of mand for information (MFI) training in individuals with autism, with a particular focus on the extension of this training to non‐native English speakers and the promotion of generalization across various contexts. The “What is this?” MFI was taught to four native Turkish‐speaking participants under various establishing operations (EOs). Notably, these MFIs were effectively embedded within tact training trials and delivered in a language other than English, thereby extending the research on MFI to a different language. Furthermore, the generalization of the MFIs was observed as participants maintained their proficiency across individuals, settings, and novel stimuli. Social validity data confirmed the acceptability of MFI training among parents, highlighting its potential to enhance communication skills. Follow‐up assessments were conducted 4 weeks post‐training indicating maintenance of the MFIs.

Adapting to Online Education: A Case Study of Resilience and Innovation in Private Tutoring During the Pandemic

During the pandemic, online-based learning faced numerous challenges, such as internet connectivity issues, difficulties in comprehension, an increase in assignments, one-sided interactions, and reduced concentration. Nevertheless, private tutoring institutions emerged as invaluable resources, enabling students to revisit lesson materials, enhance their understanding, and complete assignments effectively. This study aimed to investigate the digital transformation at Prima Utama Private Tutoring Institution in Surakarta, Indonesia, focusing on the factors that support and hinder the institution's operations, and proposing solutions to overcome these obstacles during the pandemic. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, the research involved institutional leaders, tutors, and students as key informants. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, followed by data condensation, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings demonstrated the institution’s resilience through the implementation of both online and offline tutoring programs, incorporating diverse learning strategies such as lectures, interactive teaching methods, and the use of various applications. Despite technical challenges like network issues and limited technological proficiency, the interaction between tutors and students remained strong. Challenges included physical distance constraints, module availability, and promotional barriers. Proposed solutions included enhancing the Wi-Fi network, providing training on learning platforms, accessing e-modules, and developing practice questions. Additionally, the study recommended using social media, parent testimonials, and discount offers to overcome promotional challenges. Ultimately, this research offers valuable insights into the adaptation of educational institutions during the pandemic and provides recommendations for improving learning quality in an all-digital private tutoring environment.

Digital Transformation of Supreme Audit Institution (SAI) —A Mini-Review on the Case of Romanian Court of Accounts (RCA)

The present endeavor compellingly addresses the issue of the necessity and importance of IT support for the control and audit activities of the Romanian Court of Accounts (RCA), making reference to the institution's operations in the context of the digitization of central public administration and the implications for the conducted control/audit. Subsequently, we highlight the most significant strategic elements recently established regarding the digitization of the RCA' activities, as well as the potential advantages. The final part is dedicated to conclusions, the limitations of our research, and future research directions, focusing on addressing issues that have been inadequately addressed so far. The paper is intended for specialists in the field, audit professionals, the academic community, etc. In addressing the topic, we considered relevant literature, including our previous research, as well as bibliographic material provided by the RCA, indicated in the „References” section.

KONSEP SHARIAH GOVERNANCE PADA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH

The issue of Shariah governance in Islamic financial institutions (IFI) is significant as it ensures that the institution's operations align with the principles of Shariah. This study examines the concept of Shariah governance across different institutions that have compiled Shariah governance principles. This paper employs a comparative review methodology to assess the Shariah governance principles and standards of AAOIFI, IFSB, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM), and Bank Indonesia (BI). The analysis determined that the Shariah Governance Standard of the IFSB is the most comprehensive, as it has all the necessary criteria for a standard. This research contributes to the comprehension of the range of Shariah governance concepts employed by different institutions on a worldwide scale.

THE ANALYSIS OF BALANCED POLICIES IN WAQF BASED FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION IN WEST JAVA

The main problem for private universities in Indonesia is the ability to finance the institution's operations independently and the main source of income for financing is still sourced from tuition fees paid by students. For waqf-based private universities, another problem is that assets cannot be used as collateral to obtain funding assistance from financial institutions. This situation causes waqf-based private universities to strive to manage finances properly for there is no waste and fraud. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of transformational leadership, organizational commitment and competence of financial human resources through a balanced budget policy on the effectiveness of waqf-based private university financial management. The research method used was explanatory, and the data were collected using a questionnaire given by waqf-based private university financial leaders and staff, then analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of the research shows that balanced budget policies mediate transformational leadership, organizational commitment, financial HR competence have a positive influence on Financial Management Effectiveness as illustrated by t-statistic value (4.021) > 1.66 with a p-value (0.000) <0.05. Waqf-based private universities can increase the effectiveness of financial management through a balanced budget policy model in accordance with the characteristics of the institution supported by proper leadership, organizational commitment and competence of financial human resources which are continuously improved.

Adoption Strategy for Cloud Computing in Kenyan Research Institutions

Cloud computing has transformed the aspect of distributed computing from many other prevailing methods by offering more unlimited benefits, like cutting down computing costs and allowing more capacity and agility. It is viewed as a game-changer in how information technology is provided since it allows computer resources like storage, processing capacity, network infrastructure, and applications to be offered as a service via the Internet. In business, it seems to have become strategic, with the potential for use in crucial parts of an organization's IT infrastructure, as it offers a potential alternative to traditional Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Most Kenyan research institutes' systems experienced certain flaws and recognized incidents of system rigidity, which prevented these institutions from efficiently meeting their mandate, especially when they desired to access services from home via the Internet. The Research design that was utilized in the study was a survey research design. The study employed a systematic review approach that examined the current literature on cloud computing adoption strategy. The systematic literature review revealed that existing research was dominated by issues of the characteristics/peculiarities and IT environments of research institutions in Kenya and if they were amenable to cloud solutions, the current cloud computing technologies, adoption approaches and drivers fostering cloud computing and the adoption strategy that met the requirements for cloud computing for Kenyan research institutions. The present research was reviewed for knowledge gap identification purposes and future research opportunities. The researcher developed an adoption strategy favorable to research Institutions that was flexible to the provision of cloud computing resources, enhanced greater cloud computing efficiency, reduced capital expenditure in hardware and software and increased the performance of the research Institution's operations, provided the efficiency of data and information and supported the effectiveness of the management activities since the cloud strategies discussed did not promote cooperation, agility, scalability and flexibility and saving costs by using calculating resources efficiently and optimally. This study employed a purposive sampling approach that picked a sample size of twenty respondents from the KMFRI and related organizations. The analytical review of specifically identified studies exposed the kind of challenges that existed and gave an indication that cloud computing was applicable for Kenyan Research Institutions because of the organization size, possession of required skills to make use of cloud-based services, Government regulations, industry regulations and internal policies necessitated the move to cloud computing strategy. The cloud service providers have adequate capacity to run the services and are ready with the services they provide. Researchers noted that all the research Institutions have dedicated ICT personnel and ICT Policies. Efficient service delivery means there is easy access to any research information from the cloud at any time and anywhere. Using Factor Analysis, variable weights for various study constructs (Technological, Internal and External Contexts) were used to develop the adoption strategy for cloud computing (ASCC). The recommendations of the study from the developed strategy showed that the network infrastructure should be more developed so that the Kenyan Research Institutions can be connected to high-speed Internet to allow for sharing of information, which will ensure efficient service delivery using cloud computing services. The study also recommended that Kenyan Research Institutes train their customers and suppliers on using cloud computing services for efficient service delivery and the adoption strategy for cloud computing (ASCC) to achieve efficiency in service delivery. Areas for further related studies can be conducted to determine the long-term impact of the developed adoption strategy for adopting cloud computing in Kenyan research Institutions. Also, further studies could carry out to determine ways of improving the developed adoption strategy for the adoption of cloud computing in Kenyan Research.

Beyond Covid-19: The Future of Festivals in Calabarzon, Philippines

Purpose: This study aims to determine or forecast the willingness of regular participants of festivals to attend or join events festivals in the post-COVID-19 scenario. Specifically, it aimed to 1.) identify the perceived future of festivals in the post-pandemic scenario and if people are still willing to participate in or join in any of the festival's events, and 2.) discuss the role of festivals in the post-pandemic scenario. Theoretical framework: The researchers employed the stakeholder theory technique to predict the future of the festival's events. A stakeholder is "any group or person who may impact or is affected by the attainment of the institution's objective," Freeman (1984). Freeman contends that a person or group is a stakeholder if it has a sincere interest in a particular component of the institution's operations and, as a result, either can influence the company's performance or has a stake in that performance. Particularly, in this study, the stakeholders are the participants, the businessmen, and the organizers of the festivals. Ultimately, the perception of the stakeholders may be used by festival organizers as a basis for holding festivals in the post-pandemic scenario. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a qualitative design using phenomenological approach based on the lived experiences of the participants with the festivals they have attended. Snowball sampling was used to choose 32 participants, commencing with the tourist local government official that had control over the festival events. The researchers utilized key informant interviews and focus group discussions on obtaining data, guided by a semi-structured questionnaire to allow the researchers to adjust questions according to the participant's willingness and manner of answering. For data clustering and theme identification, the researchers utilized a qualitative research tool (NVIVO) with license key: (N-L-Z-7-7) and used the analytical framework by Moustakas (1994), as covered by Creswell (2007). The researchers began by outlining the subject's or participant’s encounters concerning the festivals being examined. Next, they created collection of noteworthy remarks and organized these into more substantial units of information (i.e., units or themes). Findings: As a result, every participant is eager to engage, be present, or take part in their respective festivals again, once the COVID-19 restrictions are removed, but some have a few reservations. Implications for research, everyday life, and society: In the Philippines, the COVID-19 restrictions were lifted in 2023. This is also a time for the local economy to recover. The series of lockdowns heavily hampered the local economy due to the pandemic. The local governments may use festivals to help small, medium, and microenterprises recover from the losses they took during the pandemic, and festivals. can kick start the local economy. Festival organizers may utilize the findings of this research as a foundation. Originality/value: All the data gathered in this research was at the peak of lockdowns and cases of COVID-19 in the Philippines. This made it very difficult for the researchers to collect data, thus resulting in an integration of in-person interactions, key informant interviews and online focus group discussions. It was a time when mass gatherings were hard to imagine, let alone the celebration of festivals uncertain. Nevertheless, the result was surprising since all the participants were still willing to join or attend festivals.

ANALISA DAN DESAIN SISTEM INFORMASI PEMBAYARAN SPP DAN BIAYA SEKOLAH

Currently private schools are starting to emerge in various places with various levels of education ranging from PAUD, Kindergarten, Elementary School, Middle School, MTs, High School, Vocational School and even tertiary institutions. An educational institution definitely needs a data processing system for tuition payments and other costs such as building fees, LKS, Eskul, Student Council and the like for the continuity of the institution's operations. The problems that most often arise in this case are reports of payments that have been paid and arrears grouped based on certain criteria. The report is very important as a basis for decision making for school management to improve service and quality of education. The Mandalalahayu foundation is an institution engaged in the field of education starting from the early childhood or kindergarten, elementary, MI, junior high, MTs, high school and vocational school levels. The management of school administration fee payments is quite complicated because there are several levels of education. It is on this basis that this research needs to be carried out. The method used is Rapid Application Development (RAD), an application made with desktop programming using VB.Net and Sqlserver. Application testing using blackbox. The results of this study can be used for all levels of education from kindergarten to tertiary institutions and even for all types of school or campus fee payments in general.

How do Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil empower Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises amidst COVID-19 pandemic? A case of Indonesia

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) in Sukoharjo, a region of Indonesia is consistently contributing to the empowerment of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Hence, how the BMT empowers the MSMEs is a worthy attribute to explore. The current study delves into an in-depth exploration on the strategies and policy innovations carried out by the BMTs as well as to analyse the impact or influence caused by the existence of these strategies. The method used in this research is field research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation with interviews with various related parties. The results showed that the empowerment strategy carried out by BMT Dana Mulia and BMT Makmur Mandiri was by implementing a restructuring policy in an effort to maintain the stability of the institution's operations. Meanwhile, BMT Bina Ummah Sejahtera has tightened risk mitigation by making efforts to be more careful in conducting financing and deposit transactions, using online media and the three BMTs providing business assistance. The influences that arise with this strategy are providing ease of capital assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic, assisting business development of MSMEs, minimizing the risks faced by MSMEs, and encouraging the spirit of MSMEs in marketing their businesses.

Script-Fading Procedures for the Acquisition of Wh-Question Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

This study examined the effects of script and script-fading procedures for wh-question skills in two children with autism spectrum disorder. It also examined the effectiveness of a behavioral chain interruption procedure, as an establishing operation (EO) manipulation strategy to increase the reinforcement value of the information obtained via questions. The behavioral chain used in the intervention was a setting in which the participants played their preferred games with a therapist. Consequently, the two participants showed acquisition of five question behaviors, including four wh-questions. They also showed maintenance of the question-asking behaviors in the follow-up phase after the intervention. In addition, one of the two participants showed generalization of question-asking behaviors in which he prepared for his studies without any intervention. The results are discussed in terms of the combined effects of the script and script-fading, and behavior chain interruption procedures, as well as the use of persistent prompts to facilitate generalization and maintenance.

Assessing the Effectiveness of the Uganda Human Rights Commission vis-à-vis the Paris Principles Relating to the Status of National Human Rights Institutions

The Paris Principles relating to the status of national human rights institutions set universally acknowledged standards for assessing the effectiveness of a domestic national human rights institution. However, it is often the case for these institutions to formally conform to the principles but remain ineffective. The article examines the Uganda Human Rights Commission, which enjoys ‘A’ status for its compliance with the Paris Principles parameters and discovered that, notwithstanding the compliance, the effectiveness of a national human rights institution could be hampered in practice. The article argues that proper assessment of the effectiveness of a domestic institution should transcend formal and structural compliance with the Paris Principles and examine the practical manifestation of those standards in the institution's operation. The institutions can be rendered ineffective by the appointment of unqualified members, lack of diversity and pluralism, inadequate funding and facilities, unnecessary bureaucratic bottlenecks, binding incompatible instruments and non-compliance with decisions.

PRINCIPAL'S OF DURG DISTRICT

This article tries to investigate the effect of personality on the managerial effectiveness of Principals of the Durg district. The researcher visited the higher secondary schools of the Durg district for data collection from Principals. One hundred thirty-two principals (66 male and 66 female) were selected through stratified random sampling techniques to measure Principals' personalities on the managerial effectiveness of Principals of the Durg district. Introversion extroversion inventory (IEI) developed by Dr. P.F. Aziz and Dr. Rekha Gupta (2013) was used to identify the Principal's personality and Managerial Effectiveness Scale by Dr. Upinder Dhar, Dr. Santosh Dhar, and Dr. Preeti Jain (2006) to determine the managerial effectiveness of the Principals. Data analysis was done using SPSS, 3x2x2 factorial design ANOVA was employed to analyze and interpret data. Results revealed the significant effect of introversion, ambivert, and extroversion personality on managerial effectiveness of Principals; it was also observed that the mean and SD of managerial effectiveness of Principals having an extrovert personality was higher than the ambivert and introvert personality. Therefore, it was concluded that higher secondary school Principals' managerial effectiveness had a more assertive extrovert personality. The Principals having extrovert personalities had a higher level of managerial effectiveness. Managerial effectiveness plays a vital role throughout the institution's operation. The principals' extrovert personality and managerial effectiveness are the growth advantage of a school in the education system. Based on the finding, the Government should regularly organize training and workshops for principals to improve their skills and competencies.

E-SERVICES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ON THE BASIS OF THE POLISH SOCIAL INSURANCE INSTITUTION (ZUS)

The term e-services refers to such services that are delivered over the Internet and their rendition is frequently automated and remote. Apart from the Internet, an e-service may also be provided by means of mobile devices or television. The wider and wider range of e-services is offered by institutions from the public administration sector, striving to anticipate their client's expectations (especially those of the younger generation) and using the ongoing digitisation process. This study aims at presenting the role and opinions of e-service in one of the social insurance institutions, i.e. Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) where numerous electronic tools have been implemented facilitating work and enabling clients to make contact, get information, send and receive documents. All these efforts are made so as to increase accessibility for prospective and current clients as well as to make the institution's operations more efficient. To achieve this, the following research methods were used: a critical analysis of the literature, an analysis of statistical data, an analysis of survey results (conducted by ZUS), and a survey questionnaire (own research).

The changing relationship between advising and technology

AbstractIn the past, technological tools were considered a “solution” to advising challenges. However, successful advising transformation efforts have also incorporated shifts in institutional culture and workforce in addition to the adoption of new technologies. Approaching advising redesign as a digital transformation (Dx) initiative can transform an institution's operations, strategic directions, and value propositions surrounding advising. This chapter articulates an approach to the implementation of advising technologies and the necessity to view “holistic advising redesign” as a Dx initiative for advising to reach its full potential at scale. For institutions, this means embracing not just the promise of new technology but also the investment in and attention to the critical shifts in culture and workforce.

Indicators of the Quality of Work in Residential Treatment Centres

In the last year, residential treatment centres in Slovenia have made a significant shift from traditional approaches to programs for young people which are adapted to their needs within the entire continuum of help: from preventive work to early detection, a range of support programs, various programs in out-ofhome care, and intensive treatment, up to the most difficult cases. It is therefore important that the work be properly reflected through quality settings. These concern all aspects of an institution's operation. Using a comparative method of comparing sources and analytical synthesis, we have shown all the important areas of operation of such a system. Orientation towards the areas of work quality represents a modern and current discourse, while simultaneously providing starting points for development.

Teaching children with autism to request items using audio scripts, interrupted chain procedure and sufficient exemplar training

AbstractWe examined whether an interrupting chain procedure with establishing operation (EO)‐absent and EO‐present trials and sufficient exemplar training was effective in teaching three preschool‐aged children with autism to request missing items. Children were taught to request missing items across three different skill domains (play, self‐help, and academic tasks), and audio scripts were used as prompts. We employed a non‐concurrent multiple‐baseline design across participants. All three participants learned to request missing items during EO‐present trials and to refrain from doing so during EO‐absent trials. The behavior transferred to untrained tasks, generalized to new people, and was maintained at follow‐up 3 months after the intervention.

Thinking carefully about inclusiveness: evidence from European guilds

AbstractPolicy lessons are often drawn from the emergence in Europe of ‘inclusive’ institutions, which are held to have displaced ‘extractive’ institutions and fostered economic growth. This article analyzes the concept of inclusiveness using evidence on a historical institution that has been widely viewed as inclusive – the guild. It finds that we must differentiate between three types of inclusiveness: community, corporative, and societal. Community inclusiveness refers to the share of individuals involved in an institution's operations, corporative inclusiveness the share of political representation enjoyed by the institution itself, and societal inclusiveness the extent to which the institution enables full economic and political participation by everyone in society. We must also distinguish between general inclusiveness, which takes into account general-equilibrium effects, and partial inclusiveness, which assumes away such effects. Inclusiveness and extractiveness are not opposites in theory, and guilds show why certain types of inclusive institution are likely to behave in extractive ways. Finally, guilds alert us to trade-offs between inclusive economic institutions, inclusive political institutions, and inclusive growth. History does not imply abandoning the concept of inclusiveness, but rather thinking about it carefully.

The Effect of Abolishing Operations on Mand Acquisition During Functional Communication Training

Previously applied research has shown independent manding is not likely to emerge when functional communication training (FCT) is implemented in conjunction with dense schedules of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) but does emerge when it is implemented after NCR schedules have been leaned. One interpretation of these data may be that participants are unlikely to acquire mands when functional reinforcers are abolished and that FCT is optimally effective in the presence of relevant establishing operations (EO). However, it is also possible that participants acquire mands during FCT + NCR but only demonstrate learned relations when it becomes necessary to do so, following sufficient exposure to relevant EOs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether independent manding would emerge during no-prompt probes (i.e., when therapeutic contingencies were enforced but not trained) following training sessions that exclusively occurred in contexts in which functional consequences were abolished as reinforcers.

Teaching Mands for Social Information to Individuals with Developmental Disabilities

Individuals with autism often have deficits in communication skills that impede social functioning. One of these skills is manding, or requesting, for information about a social partner, which is necessary for maintaining reciprocal conversations. This study extended previous research that developed a procedure for teaching young children to emit discriminated mands for social information using a variety of questions. A concurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used to teach two adolescents and one young adult each diagnosed with a developmental disability to emit discriminated mands for social information when an establishing operation (EO) or abolishing operation (AO) was present. EO trials consisted of questions that were unknown and unobservable to the participant, such as “What’s Mary’s favorite color?” AO trials were comprised of questions that were known and observable to the participant, such as “What color is Mary’s shirt?” EO and AO trials were randomly interspersed throughout each baseline, treatment, posttest, and generalization session. Participants were taught to mand for the unknown information during EO trials only. All participants acquired discriminated mands for social information, as mands were produced under the EO condition and not under the AO condition. Generalization was observed for all participants during sessions with a novel social partner. Mands for social information are critical for maintaining conversations. However, many adolescents and adults with autism have not yet acquired this skill. This study demonstrated an effective procedure to teach mands for social information with this population.

Strategi Perguruan Tinggi Swasta Berbasis Agama Membangun Budaya Organisasi untuk Meraih Keunggulan Kompetitif

This study discusses how faith-based private universities run strategies to build organizational culture to gain excellence in the era of market liberalization. Private universities are considered institutions that are vulnerable to the influence of changes in the constellation of society and government regulations. On the other hand, religion-based private universities are still able to survive and contribute to educating the nation's children. This study intends to explore information about strategies to build organizational culture in private universities that support the competitiveness of institutions. Religion-based private universities include those who are able to survive in competition, how they determine the strategy of building the organizational culture of the institution. The main focus of research on leader strategies builds organizational culture to achieve competitive advantage, using a qualitative descriptive research approach with a multicasus study design. The research data are in the form of speech, deeds, attitudes of the leaders and residents of the two faith-based private college campuses in East Java. Data collection through observation, active participation observation and interviews.The results of the study found that religion-based private universities tried to balance the development of external pressure on the achievement of compliance with standard standards, there were weaknesses in innovative capabilities and speed responsive to external pressure. The strategy of university leaders in building organizational culture in two institutions rests on the recruitment process that is strict enough to maintain the religious foundation of the institution's operations. Higher education also relies on the existence of a relatively fixed market segment to seize interested parties and maintain their existence.