Inside Out Research Articles

Treating Cancer From the Inside Out

In this article, we will talk about a special treatment that doctors can use to help people who have cancer. This kind of treatment is called brachytherapy. Brachytherapy uses little pieces of materials that give off radiation to treat cancer from the inside out. We will explore what radiation is, what it means when something is radioactive, and why radiation can be used for cancer treatment. We will discuss different types of brachytherapy, because sometimes doctors use small, implanted capsules and sometimes they use a special robot. Toward the end of the article, we will see how this treatment can be used for different kinds of cancers.

Reproductive biology of Centaurea kilaea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) – an endemic species from Türkiye

In this study, the embryology of Centaurea kilaea Boiss., a species endemic to Türkiye, was examined using light microscopy. The anthers of C. kilaea are tetrasporangiate; the anther wall development is dicotyledonous; and the tapetum is amoeboid. The meiotic division of the microspore mother cells is regular, and when the pollen grains are thrown from the anthers, they are three-celled. The ovary of C. kilaea is inferior, bicarpellary, syncarpous, and unilocular, which is characteristic of the Asteraceae family. It carries only a single ovule with basal placentation. The ovule is anatropous, unitegmic, and tenuinucellate. The megaspore mother cell undergoes meiotic division, giving rise to a linear tetrad of megaspores. The chalazal megaspore remains functional, and the other three megaspores degenerate rapidly. The functional megaspore undergoes three mitotic divisions in succession. As a result, a Polygonum-type embryo sac, with eight nuclei and seven cells, is formed. The antipodal cells persist until the first divisions of the zygote. In the mature embryo sac stage, the integument consists of the endothelium, peri-endothelial region, parenchymatous cells, and outer epidermis, from the inside out. Endosperm development is initially free nuclear, becoming cellular in the globular embryo stage. Embryo development is of the asterad type. The mature seed does not contain endosperm, but the endothelium persists.

Analysis of crack propagation of annular butt weld and distribution of weld-induced residual stress

The circumferential surface crack propagation and the effect of weld-induced residual stress were analyzed to comprehensively understand the mechanical behavior and fracture resistance of dissimilar girth welded joints of steel castings. The evaluation of stress intensity factors is conducted for circumferential cracks on internal surfaces, aiming to predict the fracture toughness of dissimilar welded joints. The distribution of weld-induced residual stress is obtained by thermal elastic-plastic finite element methods. The impact of residual stress on the propagation of cracks is investigated through the application of extended finite element theory. The high-stress intensity factors were found in such dissimilar welded joints due to the local bending and distortion caused by the asymmetrical weld geometry. The tensile residual stress and distortion were applied to the weld root area and its vicinity. Both the asymmetrical weld geometry and tensile residual stress contribute to the tensile distortion of the inner surface around the weld root, and enable the growth of internal surface cracks in the circumferential direction and radially from inside out of the welded joint. The fracture resistance decreases with the simultaneous influence of residual stress and welds’ asymmetry.

The YABBY Transcription Factor, SlYABBY2a, Positively Regulates Fruit Septum Development and Ripening in Tomatoes.

The tomato fruit is a complex organ and is composed of various structures from the inside out, such as columella, septum, and placenta. However, our understanding of the development and function of these internal structures remains limited. In this study, we identified a plant-specific YABBY protein, SlYABBY2a, in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). SlYABBY2a exhibits relatively high expression levels among the nine YABBY genes in tomatoes and shows specific expression in the septum of the fruit. Through the use of a gene-editing technique performed by CRISPR/Cas9, we noticed defects in septum development in the Slyabby2a mutant fruits, leading to the inward concavity of the fruit pericarp and delayed septum ripening. Notably, the expression levels of key genes involved in auxin (SlFZY4, SlFZY5, and SlFZY6) and ethylene (SlACS2) biosynthesis were significantly downregulated in the septum of the Slalkbh10b mutants. Furthermore, the promoter activity of SlYABBY2a was regulated by the ripening regulator, SlTAGL1, in vivo. In summary, these discoveries provide insights into the positive regulation of SlYABBY2a on septum development and ripening and furnish evidence of the coordinated regulation of the auxin and ethylene signaling pathways in the ripening process, which expands our comprehension of septum development in the internal structure of the fruit.

A Brief History of Political Instability in Vanuatu

ABSTRACT Vanuatu has largely avoided the political violence seen elsewhere in Melanesia in the recent past. It has a small but successful tourist economy, based on its selling point as a tropical paradise. It has powerful cultural resources, in the form of Christianity and kastom, to bind its people together with a sense of belonging from a shared past and hope for a shared future. Vanuatu also has a well-earnt reputation for political fragmentation and instability, a topic which can raise strong emotions both inside Vanuatu and out. Our brief history of political instability in Vanuatu aims to put the present political situation into broader perspective by tracing different elements of instability over time. Our approach is informed primarily by the historical and ethnographic record itself and, rather than focusing narrowly on the splits and intrigues of political parties, we try to provide the broader sociocultural context from which Vanuatu’s party politics emerged and that which it operates within. We thereby attempt to highlight the interconnections that exist between different forms of instability, political, religious, cultural, and otherwise.

Study on the Realistic Constraints and Strategies of Rural Talent Development under the Background of Rural Revitalization

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to continue to implement the "rural revitalization strategy". Human resources are the necessary force for rural revitalization, and also an important driving force for China to achieve Chinese path to modernization. From the perspective of human resource management, from the perspective of policies and government responsibilities, this paper analyzes the current issue of rural talent retention, explores the root causes of rural human resource loss from the inside out, and proposes suggestions for the introduction and management of rural talent resources.

Development of Multimodal Fusion Technology for Tomato Maturity Assessment.

The maturity of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes significantly impacts indicators of their quality, such as taste, nutritional value, and shelf life, making maturity determination vital in agricultural production and the food processing industry. Tomatoes mature from the inside out, leading to an uneven ripening process inside and outside, and these situations make it very challenging to judge their maturity with the help of a single modality. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-assisted multimodal data fusion technique combining color imaging, spectroscopy, and haptic sensing for the maturity assessment of tomatoes. The method uses feature fusion to integrate feature information from images, near-infrared spectra, and haptic modalities into a unified feature set and then classifies the maturity of tomatoes through deep learning. Each modality independently extracts features, capturing the tomatoes' exterior color from color images, internal and surface spectral features linked to chemical compositions in the visible and near-infrared spectra (350 nm to 1100 nm), and physical firmness using haptic sensing. By combining preprocessed and extracted features from multiple modalities, data fusion creates a comprehensive representation of information from all three modalities using an eigenvector in an eigenspace suitable for tomato maturity assessment. Then, a fully connected neural network is constructed to process these fused data. This neural network model achieves 99.4% accuracy in tomato maturity classification, surpassing single-modal methods (color imaging: 94.2%; spectroscopy: 87.8%; haptics: 87.2%). For internal and external maturity unevenness, the classification accuracy reaches 94.4%, demonstrating effective results. A comparative analysis of performance between multimodal fusion and single-modal methods validates the stability and applicability of the multimodal fusion technique. These findings demonstrate the key benefits of multimodal fusion in terms of improving the accuracy of tomato ripening classification and provide a strong theoretical and practical basis for applying multimodal fusion technology to classify the quality and maturity of other fruits and vegetables. Utilizing deep learning (a fully connected neural network) for processing multimodal data provides a new and efficient non-destructive approach for the massive classification of agricultural and food products.

Everting the Theatrical Sphere Like Terayama

<p>This essay attempts to understand humanistic performances through STEM fields, specifically engaging with Terayama Shūji’s 1970s avant-garde theatre and film through the study of topology. The mathematical transformation called eversion is posited as frame for Terayama’s multiple radical reversals, moving toward residual effects, a process that holds the potential for radically other performance to alter the experience of time and space. Performances of bodily intervention evert the form of theatre and elicit frustration and other affective states that generate a “transformation of theatricalized space.” The essay studies Terayama Shūji’s interest in mathematical models of eversion, or turning the inside out, and how these have influenced his work in avant-garde theatre and film, positioning the audience beyond the mere notion of “revolution” into something more complex and evocative, in which the highly scripted expectation of normative everyday life comes into question. Bodily and spatial interventions bring together viewers and performers with the purpose of transforming social life through the affects—the everting—of the particular feelings generated by the experience of the artwork.</p>

Functional meniscus reconstruction with biological and biomechanical heterogeneities through topological self-induction of stem cells

Meniscus injury is one of the most common sports injuries within the knee joint, which is also a crucial pathogenic factor for osteoarthritis (OA). The current meniscus substitution products are far from able to restore meniscal biofunctions due to the inability to reconstruct the gradient heterogeneity of natural meniscus from biological and biomechanical perspectives. Here, inspired by the topology self-induced effect and native meniscus microstructure, we present an innovative tissue-engineered meniscus (TEM) with a unique gradient-sized diamond-pored microstructure (GSDP-TEM) through dual-stage temperature control 3D-printing system based on the mechanical/biocompatibility compatible high Mw poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). Biologically, the unique gradient microtopology allows the seeded mesenchymal stem cells with spatially heterogeneous differentiation, triggering gradient transition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) from the inside out. Biomechanically, GSDP-TEM presents excellent circumferential tensile modulus and load transmission ability similar to the natural meniscus. After implantation in rabbit knee, GSDP-TEM induces the regeneration of biomimetic heterogeneous neomeniscus and efficiently alleviates joint degeneration. This study provides an innovative strategy for functional meniscus reconstruction. Topological self-induced cell differentiation and biomechanical property also provides a simple and effective solution for other complex heterogeneous structure reconstructions in the human body and possesses high clinical translational potential.

Optimized In Situ Doping Strategy Stabling Single-Crystal Ultrahigh-Nickel Layered Cathode Materials.

Single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes offer promising prospects in mitigating intergranular microcracks and side reaction issues commonly encountered in conventional polycrystalline cathodes. However, the utilization of micrometer-sized single-crystal particles has raised concerns about sluggish Li+ diffusion kinetics and unfavorable structural degradation, particularly in high Ni content cathodes. Herein, we present an innovative in situ doping strategy to regulate the dominant growth of characteristic planes in the single-crystal precursor, leading to enhanced mechanical properties and effectively tackling the challenges posed by ultrahigh-nickel layered cathodes. Compared with the traditional dry-doping method, our in situ doping approach possesses a more homogeneous and consistent modifying effect from the inside out, ensuring the uniform distribution of doping ions with large radius (Nb, Zr, W, etc). This mitigates the generally unsatisfactory substitution effect, thereby minimizing undesirable coating layers induced by different solubilities during the calcination process. Additionally, the uniformly dispersed ions from this in situ doping are beneficial for alleviating the two-phase coexistence of H2/H3 and optimizing the Li+ concentration gradient during cycling, thus inhibiting the formation of intragranular cracks and interfacial deterioration. Consequently, the in situ doped cathodes demonstrate exceptional cycle retention and rate performance under various harsh testing conditions. Our optimized in situ doping strategy not only expands the application prospects of elemental doping but also offers a promising research direction for developing high-energy-density single-crystal cathodes with extended lifetime.

‘Il nous présenta de la liqueur’: An Alimentary Reading of Drinking, Manipulation and Education in Le Rideau levé, ou L’Éducation de Laure (1786)

In Le Rideau levé, ou L’Éducation de Laure (1786), Mirabeau’s heroine describes the erotic, philosophical and scientific education she receives from her stepfather, in which she learns how to manage her sexual appetites and her bodily hygiene and learns the ethics and practical application of erotic pleasure. One of the principles her father claims underpin her education is that of respecting others’ autonomy and treating them as one would like to be treated. Yet a symbolic and historicized reading of drinking within the text, exploring key scenes through the bottom of the glass, reveals that Laure’s libertine chemist father uses apparently benign social rituals and staged pleasure to manipulate others from the inside out. Far from being radical, by overriding others’ autonomy Laure’s father cultivates an educational project rooted in cruelty and traditional, patriarchal hierarchies.

HAPPI GUMMIES ASTAXANTHIN: An Excellent Choice to Boost Immune System

Gummy bears (German: Gummibär) are small, fruit-gum candies, similar to a jelly baby. The candy is roughly 2 cm (0.8 in) long and shaped in the form of a bear. Astaxanthin is a naturally occurring carotenoid that is derived from the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis being the most powerful antioxidant known to science, it also has potent anti-inflammatory properties. Natural astaxanthin´s distinct advantage in comparison to other antioxidants is its ability to span the entire lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, thus providing superior protection from the inside out. Natural astaxanthin has a strong ability to both balance and strengthen the immune system

First Uniportal VATS Sleeve Lobectomy Case in Turkey

Introduction: In recent years, VATS (Video-assisted thoracic surgery) has become the gold standard approach in the surgical treatment of early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. In August 2022, we presented the first case of Uniportal VATS right bronchial sleeve upper lobectomy for right main bronchial invasion, which was successfully managed following oncologic principles and reported in our country. Case: A patient who had been in remission for five years with a diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma complained of cough. Computed thoracic tomography showed hilar peribronchial thickening and an endobronchial lesion extending from the right upper lobe bronchus to the main bronchus, almost completely obstructing the upper lobe bronchus. Bronchoscopic biopsy was reported as squamous cell carcinoma.The thorax was entered through an approximately 3 cm incision in the right fifth intercostal space. Firstly, the right upper lobe pulmonary arteries and superior pulmonary vein were dissected and cut. The main bronchus was divided until the intermediate bronchus. With the help of endoscissor, the main and intermediate bronchus were incised with appropriate surgical margins, and the lobectomy material was removed.The mediastinal pleura was opened, and lymph nodes 7, 9, 10 were dissected. Before anastomosis, the azygos vein was turned and fixed to the chest wall with a tying suture, and the azygos vein was removed from the anastomosis line, and appropriate exposure was provided. One suture was passed through the lateral cartilage from the inside out, and the needle was fixed to the posterior pleura. Membranous and cartilage parts were continuously anastomosed with double-needle 3/0 prolene suture at 2-3 mm intervals. Pathological evaluation was reported as squamous cell carcinoma, hilar 1/11 lymph node metastasis, and negative surgical margin. Conclusion: Adhering to oncologic principles, sleeve resections, which are difficult even with the currently known open techniques, can be performed effectively and safely with uniportal VATS in experienced centers

Corporate change agents for sustainability: Transforming organizations from the inside out

AbstractSustainable development requires sustainability transformations of (so far unsustainable) companies. Sustainability transformations of companies do not happen by themselves but are the result of individuals and groups who purposefully act for sustainability. It is individual managers and employees within an organization—so‐called “change agents for sustainability”—who play a vital role in advancing corporate sustainability, as they are responsible for starting initiatives, making decisions, and implementing measures. Recent contributions have started to address the transformational role of individual sustainability professionals and employees shaping decisions around social and environmental issues in organizations. An overview and conceptualization of what can be understood by change agents for sustainability, their roles, and interactions is however missing. This article therefore proposes a framework and typology of six archetypes of change agents for sustainability: their key competencies and roles in initiating, scaling, and sustaining change in and beyond organizational boundaries.

Exocentric and Egocentric Views for Biomedical Data Analytics in Virtual Environments-A Usability Study.

Biomedical datasets are usually large and complex, containing biological information about a disease. Computational analytics and the interactive visualisation of such data are essential decision-making tools for disease diagnosis and treatment. Oncology data models were observed in a virtual reality environment to analyse gene expression and clinical data from a cohort of cancer patients. The technology enables a new way to view information from the outside in (exocentric view) and the inside out (egocentric view), which is otherwise not possible on ordinary displays. This paper presents a usability study on the exocentric and egocentric views of biomedical data visualisation in virtual reality and their impact on usability on human behaviour and perception. Our study revealed that the performance time was faster in the exocentric view than in the egocentric view. The exocentric view also received higher ease-of-use scores than the egocentric view. However, the influence of usability on time performance was only evident in the egocentric view. The findings of this study could be used to guide future development and refinement of visualisation tools in virtual reality.

Effect of Microwave Irradiation on Coloring and Mechanical Properties of Direct Dyed Fabric

Microwaves have a very short wavelength which allows them to pass through the small spaces between molecules without being scattered. This allows the microwaves to penetrate the matter and heat it from the inside out, providing uniform heat, and makes microwave technology ideal for applications that require rapid and consistent heating. It has been hypothesized that microwaves may have a positive effect on the shade depth and color fastness of the fabric due to the increased temperature. This research is being done to test this hypothesis and to study the effects of microwaves on the shade depth and color fastness properties of the fabric. Microwave-irradiated fabric dyed before and after dyeing has a greater shade depth and better fastness properties than fabric dyed without irradiation.

Self-reflexivity, Recessivity and the Evolution of Psychology

This paper supports the idea that the epistemology of Psychology had a fairly progressive line of development, and it was not only an incessant swing between the primacy of two opposing perspectives: from out-side in and from in-side out. Although the recessive dynamics of these two metaphysical principles of Person Constructs Reality and Reality Constructs Person (Buss, 1978) was the critical marker of any major paradigm change from the history of Psychology, the development of psychological thinking has presupposed, in addition, a general evolutive path. I will demonstrate that these combined movements of alternation and progression form a unique complex sense of epistemological development of Psychology accompanying the corresponding development of human personality level of self-reflection. In contrast to pessimistic viewpoints suggesting that the reflexivity inherent in this dual paradigm shift consigns the field of Psychology to an eternal return, it actually elevates the evolution of human self-reflective consciousness to a collective plane of self-reflexivity. The final considerations are made about the current mainstream of psychological research and unreflexively practices detrimental to the substantiation of a Humanistic Psychological Science, which become vital in the Age of artificial intelligence.

Microscopic deposition-property relationships in microbial-induced consolidation of coal dusts

In recent years, the preparation of new microbial dust suppressants based on microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology through enriched urease-producing microbial communities has become a new topic in the field of coal dust control. The deposition of CaCO3 was the key to suppress coal dust. However, deposition characteristics in the field is not sufficient and the relationship between deposition characteristics and erosion resistance is not clear, which hinders the development of engineering application of new microbial dust suppressant. Therefore, based on X-CT technology, this paper observed and quantified micro-deposition of bio-consolidated coal dust with different calcium sources. Furthermore, a conceptual framework for deposition was proposed and its correlation with erosion resistance was revealed. The results showed that CaCO3 induced by calcium chloride and calcium lactate was aggregate deposited. Aggregate deposited CaCO3 was small in volume, showed the distribution of aggregation in the central area and loose outside, and mosaiced pores. CaCO3 induced by calcium nitrate was surface deposition due to attached biomass. Surface deposition was mostly large volume CaCO3 expanding from the inside out, which could cover coal dust to a high degree and completely cemented pores. In addition, the threshold detachment velocity of coal dust cemented by surface deposition was increased by 17.6–19.1% compared to aggregate deposition. This depended on the abundance and strength of CaCO3 bonding between coal dust particles under different deposition. The two-factor model based on porosity and CaCO3 coverage can well express relationship between erosion resistance and depositional characteristics. Those results will help the engineering application of MICP technology in coal dust suppression.

Implementasi Pendidikan Dari Q.S Al Hujurat Ayat 13 Tentang Litaarafu Dalam Proses Interaksi Pendidik Dengan Peserta Didik

This article aims to discuss different human conditions, whether in terms of nationality or race or language, this does not mean division, but to get to know each other (ta'aruf). Basically, humans are the same before Allah, the difference is the degree of piety. In the process of socializing and understanding each other, we still have to pay attention to religious teachings, so as not to make unnecessary things happen. In learning interactions, educators and students need to get to know each other more deeply in order to be able to carry out their respective roles, duties and responsibilities well, by knowing themselves, educators can know their strengths and can try to find solutions to improve their weaknesses, and vice versa, students can understand the teacher well, the nature of the teacher, the teacher's habits and other things. In this research, the writing uses a qualitative approach with library research techniques using descriptive analysis. The object used as research is interpretation. The results of the research can be concluded that the essence contained in Q.S Al-Hujurat verse 13, Lita'arafu (ta'aruf) in the Al-Quran surah Al Hujurat verse 13 is not just getting to know each other inside out, but more than that, humans it is also required to know oneself

A STUDY ON SiC SUSCEPTOR CONFIGURATION FOR MICROWAVE HYBRID HEATING

Microwave hybrid heating (MHH) is a novel method to enhance ceramic sintering at high temperatures. The heating mechanism by MHH involves two directions of heat transfer for materials: microwaves heat the sample from the inside out, while the susceptor provides conventional heating from the outside. This unique heating mechanism offers several advantages, including uniform heating, rapid sintering, and enhanced microstructure and properties of materials. This study investigates the configuration of silicon carbide (SiC) susceptors for microwave hybrid heating. The microwave oven (multi-mode, 2.45 GHz, 1.2 kW) was modified with a ceramic insulator housing to maintain the temperature in the chamber. The effects of different configurations of SiC susceptors and microwave powers on the heating rate and maximum temperature were investigated. SiC susceptor plates were placed in the microwave oven using 3 different configurations, and for each condition, the microwave power was varied at 40, 60, 80, and 100% (480, 720, 960, and 1,200 W). The temperature in the microwave chamber was recorded until it reached 900°C or after 30 min of heating. Using two plates of SiC susceptor at 100 % power resulted in the highest heating rate of 62°C/min to reach 925°C. The results of this study offer guidance for the selection of appropriate heating conditions for individual ceramic materials, which can lead to more effective sintering processes.