Inscriptions Research Articles

First archaeozoological evidence of freshwater fish on the island of Delos (Greece): Fishing and resource management in the Sacred Lake during the Hellenistic period

This paper proposes new evidence about the management of fish resources in the Sacred Lake on the island of Delos (Greece) based on unpublished archaeo-ichthyological data. The specificity of this assemblage lies in the presence of freshwater fish identified for the first time by an archaeozoological study. In agreement with the epigraphic data attesting to fish breeding in the lake, the hypothesis that these fish were acclimatized in this fresh water pond is advanced through the study of historical, archaeological and geomorphological data. The management of these fish resources (species selection, acclimatization, seasonal management, capture) presupposes a degree of proficiency in freshwater fish breeding in Hellenistic times and is the only case study of its kind in terms of the set of sources mobilized.

Paphlagonien: das Land, seine Herrscher und seine Götter in der Zeit des pontischen Königshauses und in der Kaiserzeit

Bu bölgenin tarihi ve dini gelişiminin sentezlenerek yeniden kurgulanmasından sonra, bu yazının amacı Helenistik dönem ve Roma sürecinde Paphlagonia kentlerinde ve kırsalda tapınım gören tanrıların karakterini epigrafik ve nümismatik verilerin karşılaştırmalı analizi ışığında incelemektir. Ayrıca, Roma Dönemi Phrygia ve Lydia’nın yerel kırsal kültleriyle göze çarpan paralellik gösteren örnekler dikkat çekicidir. Kayda değer bir özellik de yer isimlerinden türetilen dini epitetlerin kullanımıdır. Bu epitetler, tanrının teritoryum olan güçlü ilişkisini göstermektedir ve bu tanrısal olgu bir kırsal alanda tapınım gören ana tanrıyı ifade etmektedir.

Christian Inscriptions from Egypt and Nubia 6 (2018)

Christian Inscriptions from Egypt and Nubia 6 (2018)

The Meaning of Phoenician ḥsp in the Aḥirom Inscription

The Meaning of Phoenician ḥsp in the Aḥirom Inscription

Judith A Lerner. “Preliminary Remarks on an Achaemenid Seal with a Phrygian Inscription”

Le Buffalo Museum of Science conserve plus de 400 sceaux cylindres et cachets qui doivent bientot etre publies. L’A. en a choisi un de l’epoque achemenide pour honorer le defunt S. Paley. Il s’agit d’un cylindre en agate, dont la gravure represente un « heros » maitrisant deux lions. Alors que l’image est grosso modo courante, certains details le sont beaucoup moins : les lions sont tete-beche, « une barre » terminee de chaque cote par un croissant lunaire et l’inscription, d’abord pensee etr...

Paolo Xella. Phoenician “Inscriptions in Palestine”

Cet article se base sur celui de B. Delavault et A. Lemaire, « Les inscriptions pheniciennes de Palestine », RSF 7, 1979, 1-39, dans lequel 70 inscriptions avaient ete reperees. L’A. propose une mise a jour de ce corpus, elimine quelques inscriptions qui sont aujourd’hui rangees sous d’autres langues, mais en contrepartie en ajoute des nouvelles qui proviennent d’une dizaine de sites. Parmi elles comptent les 18 impressions sigillaires de Tell Balāṭa/Shechem. L’A. identifie quatre categories...

Un cantiere di spoliazione a Thignica in età bizantina: indizi epigrafici e tracce archeologiche

Epigraphic record relating to the organization of the spoliation sites in late antiquity has so far been documented exclusively in Rome and Asia Minor. The data here provided by some unpublished inscriptions from the theater of Thignica (now Ain Tounga, Tunisia) open new opportunities of investigation about this phenomenon in the North African territory, where reuse for the construction of churches and fortifications has been very common. At Thignica recycling was linked mainly to the building of the Byzantine fort. Here an arch inserted in the tower of the south-eastern corner offers another evidence of an organized dismantling of the monuments in the Roman municipium, followed by the reuse of their parts.

دراسة تحليلية لنقش مسندي جديد من مدينة ريده من نقوش الحروب في عصر ملوك سبأ وذي ريدان (القيلي – ريده 1)

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة الدلالات اللغوية والتاريخية التي يتضمنها نقش (القيلي – ريده1)، وهو نقش مسندي غير منشور، يمثل نصاً تذكارياً من نقوش الحروب والحملات العسكرية، مهدى إلى المعبود إلمقه سيد المعبد متبع، مصدره مدينة ريده، ويوجد حالياً في قرية (بيت القفاف) مديرية خارف بمحافظة عمران اليمن، وقد استخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المقارن، وخلصت عملية التحليل إلى أن أحداث النقش تعود إلى عصر ملوك سبأ وذي ريدان (حوالي القرن الثالث الميلادي تقريباً)، ويذكر أصحاب النقش (بني سأران ومحايل) أنهم خاضوا عدداً من الغزوات يمكن تقسيمها إجمالا إلى حملتين، الأولى: شنتها قبيلتهم الربع ريده من بكيل على الأعراب الذين غزوا جبل برط وبعض المناطق والأودية المحيطة به، وبدأ خطرهم يصل إلى الحدود الشرقية لقبيلتي حاشد وبكيل، والثانية: اشتركت مع ربع ريده أرباع أخرى من بكيل تحت قيادة كبير أقيان وبن مرثدم، وذكر فيها اسم ملك سبأ وذي ريدان [اسم الملك مذكور في الجزء الأيسر المكسور من النقش]، وتوجهت الحملة نحو منطقة السهرة لمحاربة قبيلة الأشاعر، وزعيمها نبت. ويعد النقش إضافة جديدة لتاريخ اليمن السياسي قبل الاسلام، فقد وردت فيه أسماء المناطق التي شنت عليها الحملات، والأساليب والطرق التي استخدمت في القتال. الكلمات المفتاحية: نقش مسندي، مدينة ريده، نقوش الحروب، عصر سبأ وذي ريدان.

昌寧 仁陽寺 碑文의 判讀과 解釋

昌寧 仁陽寺 碑文의 判讀과 解釋

公山城 출토 칠피갑옷 銘文資料의 재검토

公山城 출토 칠피갑옷 銘文資料의 재검토

TACTICS, TROPHIES, AND TITLES: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON ANCIENT MAYA RAIDING

AbstractArchaeological and epigraphic data have greatly increased our understanding of ancient Maya warfare in recent decades. Nevertheless, one of the aspects that has received relatively little attention is the disambiguation between the different types of wars waged. The procurement of human trophies as attested in the archaeological record and imagery, as well as the counts-of-captives and captive statements recorded textually, all provide tantalizing clues that raids formed an integral part of Classic Maya military tactics. This rings particularly true when we consider that the Classic Maya terms for “captive” and “bone” are one and the same, thereby betraying emic conceptions wherein captives were deemed to be an ideal source of bone; human trophiespar excellence. The features identified for the Classic Maya have to be set within a larger perspective since these are also found among other Mesoamerican cultures, as well as indigenous societies in both North and South America. In so doing, it becomes clear that raiding and the acquisition of captives and human trophies served to foster and heighten prestige, especially among societies that cultivated the warrior ethos. Therefore, raiding emerges as a shared Amerindian trait, rather than being the product of diffusion or independent innovation.

2. Archaeology and Epigraphy

2. Archaeology and Epigraphy

Ein Königssohn, der Mops hieß (oder Mucks?): von Phantasie-Inschriften, antiken Fabeleien und Namenbelegen zwischen Pylos und Karatepe

Dem Historiker Xanthos, der Lyder genannt und im 5. Jh. v. Chr. lebend, wurde eine seltsame Geschichte zugeschrieben, die einen Lyder namens Mopsos mit der Stadt Askalon, dem heutigen Aschkelon im Süden Israels, verbindet. Er habe da wegen ihrer Hybris die Atargatis [eigentlich eine Göttin] zusammen mit ihrem Sohn Ichthys [Fisch] in einem See ertränkt, und sie sei von Fischen gefressen worden – offenbar eine krude euhemeristische Erfindung. Athenaios führt sie – nicht mehr als zwei Sätze – in den ‚Deipnosophistai‘ (VIII 37) nach dem Historiker Mnaseas an. Da Mopsos ein griechischer Name (vor allem von zwei sagenhaften Sehern) ist1 , dürfte er hier an die Stelle des gräzisierten lydischen Namens Moxos getreten sein: Nikolaos von Damaskus berichtet von einem Lyderkönig dieses Namens, und er hat mit dem Mopsos des Xanthos das Ertränken in einem See gemeinsam2.

총론 : 새로운 金石文의 출현과 신라사 연구의 진전

총론 : 새로운 金石文의 출현과 신라사 연구의 진전

La nécropole dolménique de Aïn Medouja (région de Makthar)

The archaeological site of Ain Medouja is located in the Tunisian Haut Tell, in Makthar region. The ancient ruins are essentially Roman. The pre-roman period is represented by Libyan inscriptions, stone alignments and a dolmenic necropolis. The dolmens of this necropolis are divided into two groups and have an interesting typology: simple dolmen and dolmen with circular enclosure. In the absence of excavations or surveys, the proposed classification depends on both the current state of conservation of each tomb and its external form. Two orientations are attested for these funerary monuments: South-West for the first set and south-east for the second set. The necropolis of Ain Medouja illustrates an example of already known burials in the north west in general and in the Haut Tell region in particular.

Country Roads: Travel, Visibility, and Late Classic Settlement in the Southern Maya Mountains

ABSTRACTMayanist archaeology has long been concerned with creating and evaluating explanatory models for the locations of ancient sites relative to one another and to the physical geography of the Maya world. This study combines epigraphic data and spatial analyses to explore motivations for settlement location and to interrogate territorial strategies in Late Classic (a.d. 600–830) kingdoms in the southern Maya Mountains, around the modern towns of Dolores and Poptún, Guatemala. Least-cost path analyses were used to model natural travel corridors and their relationship with site location was assessed. In conjunction, viewshed analyses were applied to evaluate the importance of visual connections to likely travel routes. The results are considered in the context of the socio-politics and economics of the region, and raise questions about the character of and interconnections between travel, exchange, settlement location, and mechanisms for reinforcing territorial claims in the Late Classic Southern Maya Mountains.

A NYELVITÁJKÉP-KUTATÁS MINT AZ ALKALMAZOTT NYELVÉSZET EGYIK LEGÚJABB KUTATÁSI TERÜLETE

A nyelvitájkép-kutatás a 90-es évektől kezdődően egyre nagyobb érdeklődést váltott ki a szociolingvisztikában. A nyelvi tájkép definíciója a Landry–Bourhis szerzőpárostól származik, ők használták ugyanis a kifejezést először a köztéren megjelenő feliratokra (kereskedelmi táblák, feliratok, helységnévtáblák, utcatáblák stb.). A tanulmány a nyelvitájkép-kutatás elméleti és módszertani alapjait tekinti át, a hangsúlyt a legutóbbi kutatásokra, a legmeghatározóbb megközelítésekre és kulcsfontosságú kérdésekre helyezve. Legfőképpen azért, mert az elmúlt két évtizedben a nyelvitájkép-kutatás felgyorsult, témájában kiszélesedett. A századforduló óta számos kutatási projekt és tanulmány foglalkozott az alkalmazott nyelvészet, a szociolingvisztika vagy a nyelvpolitika perspektívájából a témával, és mutatott egyre nagyobb érdeklődést – különösen két- és többnyelvű környezetben és szituációban – a különböző tereken található jelek és feliratok iránt. A kutatások interdiszciplináris megközelítést, különböző társtudományok bevonását igénylik (oktatás, közgazdaságtan, demográfia, geográfia, szemiotika stb.).

Giovanni Pagni e le iscrizioni false di Pisa (CIL XI 194 e CIL XI 195)

Giovanni Pagni and the forged inscriptions of Pisa (CIL XI 194* and CIL XI 195*) The aim of this study is to analyze two falsae inscriptions (CIL XI 194* = Inscr.It. VII, 22 and CIL XI 195*) from Pisa. For the first time Giovanni Pagni (1634-1676) in Commentaria in Cenotaphia Pisana Lucii et Caii Caesarum reports these inscriptions. CIL XI 194* is a forgery modelled on the inscription from Abella (CIL X 1217). A forgery is also CIL XI 195*: it was a newly carved inscription on marble. The author tentatively links these inscriptions with the publication of Valerio Chimentelli, Marmor Pisanum de honore bisellii, Bononia 1666.

An EpiDoc ontological perspective: the epigraphs of the Castello Ursino Civic Museum of Catania via CIDOC CRM

The rich epigraphic heritage of the Castello Ursino Civic Museum of Catania has been studied by the EpiCUM project that encoded it in EpiDoc TEI XML, an XML based standard digital representation for cultural heritage contents. The project made the epigraphic heritage available in a digital museum: under the guise of the ‘Voci di Pietra’ exhibition, a selection of epigraphs were presented, implementing innovative presentation modalities thanks to a smart use of technological and digital means. Information contained in the epigraphs was semantically reorganized in a unique homogeneous container, the EpiONT ontology, constructed according to the Linked Open Data paradigm and to consolidated international standards. The encoding of the ancient texts, by the TEI standard and its EpiDoc subset, is wedded to the paradigmatic semantic web model for museums and cultural heritage. The EpiONT ontology is currently populated by 580 epigraphs collected in the Castello Ursino Civic Museum. Designed according to the CIDOC CRM standard, it makes use of the SKOS vocabularies of the EAGLE project concerning material, execution technique, type of inscription, and type of support of an epigraph. The EpiONT ontology additionally can handle any uncertainty in the origin and place of discovery of the epigraphs.

QGIS, database ed epigrafia: un progetto in corso

The study of epigraphical and archaeological evidence related to a specific topic, in this case infant mortality, has led to the creation of a geo-referencing project in order to collect, store and analyze information about the young deceased and their families. This paper presents a geo-referenced storage and management system that combines both open source software as QuantumGIS and PgAdmin. The use of a RDBMS has been implemented and purposively structured, taking into account the content and the form of the inscriptions studied.