Use Of Production Inputs Research Articles

Preferensi Risiko Peternak Sapi Perah di Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat

Cisarua District is one of the dairy farming centers with the lowest amount of milk production in Bogor Regency. The amount of milk production in Cisarua District is also known fluctuate. Differences in breeders preferences in the use of production inputs affect production risk in dairy farming businesses. The aims of this research are to analyze the effect of production factors to production risk and risk preference of dairy farmers in Cisarua District. This research was conducted in Cisarua Subdistrict, Bogor Regency. The cross section data sourced from 91 dairy farmers were producing milk form second and third lactation cows. The model used in this research were Just and Pope model to analyze dairy farm risk production function and the Arrow-Pratt Absolute Risk Analysis model to analyze farmers risk preferences. The results showed that forage and polar are risk reducing factors. Meanwhile, rice bran, tofu waste, concentrate, and work time are risk inducing factors in dairy farm. The risk preference of dairy farmers are risk taker to the use all of production inputs

STRATEGI KEBERLANJUTAN AGRIBISNIS BERAS ORGANIK

The purpose of this study is to identify internal factors and external factors of sustainability of organic rice agribusiness, formulate alternative strategies for the sustainability of organic rice agribusiness, analyze the best strategies that can be applied in the sustainability of organic rice agribusiness. The study used Primary and Secondary Data Types. Primary Data Collection Techniques were obtained through Interviews/Questionnaires with respondents and farmer experts. The analysis technique used is the IFE and EFE matrix, to obtain an alternative strategy using SWOT, while to choose the best strategy use QSPM. The results of this study are: 1. Identification of internal factors shows that there are 23 strengths and 9 weaknesses that have been held in the sustainability of organic rice agribusiness in the Handayani farmer group. 2. From the strategic focus, four alternative strategies are obtained, namely organic rice through the optimal use of production inputs and skills owned by farmers to meet market prospects and increase demand, develop and expand the organic rice market out of the South Sumatra region through the application of internet and work technology together with the government and partners, optimizing the quality of organic rice Through proper handling and postharvest handling, and making Suka Makmur Village an organic agrotourism village. 3. The QSP matrix results show the best strategy of the four alternative S-O strategies is to optimize the quality of organic rice through proper handling and postharvest handling, this condition is seen from the Total Total Attractive Score (TAS) of 4.5406.

STRATEGI KEBERLANJUTAN AGRIBISNIS BERAS ORGANIK DI KELOMPOK TANI HANDAYANI KECAMATAN BTS ULU KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS

The purpose of this study is to identify internal factors and external factors of sustainability of organic rice agribusiness, formulate alternative strategies for the sustainability of organic rice agribusiness, analyze the best strategies that can be applied in the sustainability of organic rice agribusiness. The study used Primary and Secondary Data Types. Primary Data Collection Techniques were obtained through Interviews/Questionnaires with respondents and farmer experts. The analysis technique used is the IFE and EFE matrix, to obtain an alternative strategy using SWOT, while to choose the best strategy use QSPM. The results of this study are: 1. Identification of internal factors shows that there are 23 strengths and 9 weaknesses that have been held in the sustainability of organic rice agribusiness in the Handayani farmer group. 2. From the strategic focus, four alternative strategies are obtained, namely organic rice through the optimal use of production inputs and skills owned by farmers to meet market prospects and increase demand, develop and expand the organic rice market out of the South Sumatra region through the application of internet and work technology together with the government and partners, optimizing the quality of organic rice Through proper handling and postharvest handling, and making Suka Makmur Village an organic agrotourism village. 3. The QSP matrix results show the best strategy of the four alternative S-O strategies is to optimize the quality of organic rice through proper handling and postharvest handling, this condition is seen from the Total Total Attractive Score (TAS) of 4.5406.

Improving Soya Bean Productivity for Poverty Alleviation and Food Security in Upper West Region of Ghana: A Resource Use Efficiency Analysis

Soya bean is an important economic crop for smallholder farming systems in Upper West Region of Ghana. In spite of the introduction of modern and improved soya bean production technologies in Ghana, the productivity of the crop in the region is still low. Given that inefficient use of resources is a potential course of low yields, this study analyses the resource use efficiency of soya bean production. Using cross-sectional data collected from 271 soya bean farmers from the Upper West Region of Ghana, the study employed the Stochastic Frontier Translog Production Function as well as the ratio of Marginal Value Product to Marginal Factor Cost to understand the resource use efficiency of soya bean farmers in the region. The empirical results showed that the estimated coefficients of soya bean seeds, labor and farm size were significant and positively related to soya bean output even though fertilizer input was surprisingly significantly and negatively related to the output of soya bean. Also, resources employed in soya bean production were found not to be efficiently utilized as they were underutilized, indicating that yield and profit could be improved with optimal use of production inputs. Finally, the paper revealed that access to soya bean threshers is the most important constraint faced by farmers in the region. For the region’s soya bean yield to be improved, government and development organizations should assist soya bean farmers by removing major bottlenecks to acquisition of resources required for the production and postharvest handling of the crop.

Evaluating farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and practices in managing inputs of corn farming in Majalengka

Majalengka is one of the corn-producing centers in West Java, but the average maize production is only 8.5 tons approximately, while the optimal corn production can reach 10-12.5 tons. This shows that the use of production inputs is still not optimal. This research was conducted using a structured questionnaire that given to 145 maize farmers to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of production inputs. Based on the research results, there were respondents who accept and reject the application of information on the application of production input. In addition, land area, number of seeds, use of urea fertilizer, and use of NPK had a significant effect on maize production in Majalengka. The results also showed that experience, input subsidies, and farmers’ knowledge had a positive and significant correlation with the use of inputs in maize farming. In addition, it is also seen that in the usage of inputs, farmers still referred to farming activities from generation to generation in their families and had not used standard maize farming needs yet. In addition, the use of production inputs was also strongly influenced by input prices and the availability of farmer capital.

Effects of port-shipping logistics integration on technical and allocative efficiency

It is well known that the international logistics and supply chains are subject to the domination of seaports and shipping lines each with increasingly significant market power. This implies that international supply chains, which typically involves sea transport as a key chain segment, could be subject to the double marginalisation problem. This means, chain operators are likely subject to both technical and allocative efficiency issues. The former is related to the use of inputs in production and distribution, and the latter is generally related to the market structure that affects resource allocation. The current study seeks to study the simultaneous relationships between three components, namely logistics integration, technical efficiency, and allocative efficiency in international container shipping. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling are conducted using data collected from a survey of global shipping lines. The analysis results show that logistics integration comprises of two main interrelated aspects, namely relational integration, and operational integration. It has significant effects on both technical and allocative efficiency. Technical efficiency and market contestability are affected by relational integration, while allocative efficiency and infrastructure capacity are affected by operational integration. Based on the analysis results, implications for port, terminals and stakeholders are also discussed.

A Stepwise Analysis of Production Returns and Cost Distribution for Chinese Cabbage Produced Under Irrigation in South Africa

Cultivation of indigenous crops for food and nutritional security has emerged as a topic of interest in South Africa. Commercial cultivation of indigenous crops is promoted especially among smallholder farmers because of their nutritional value and their ability to adapt to marginal soil and climatic conditions. Support for commercial production of specific crops among farmers necessitates the need for optimum use of inputs in production. In order to evaluate optimum input use in production, this study established the profitability and production costs of one of the indigenised leafy vegetables in South Africa, Chinese cabbage, using gross margin analysis. Production costs and profitability evaluations are fundamental tools for analysing cash flow and investment options. The study was based on field trials on different levels of fertilizer (NPK application). The results of the study show that at low production level (10.1 t ha-1), gross income is less than total variable costs (TVC), resulting in a negative gross margin. A movement from low production to medium production (26.1 t ha-1) results in an increase in gross margin, from -R16,664.19 to R29,091.99. The highest gross margin of R82,807.07 is obtained at high production level (44.5 t ha-1). The study supports an interdisciplinary evaluation approach (agronomy and economics) when analysing field trials.

EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH ORGANIK DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

The research objectives are to 1) determine the role of organic fertilizers, vegetable pesticides, seeds and labour on the productivity of organic rice farming; 2) factors that cause inefficiencies in the use of production inputs in organic rice farming in Banyumas Regency. The research method used was survey method, the method of determining respondents in a purposive manner (38 farmers). The analytical method uses the stochastic frontier production function analysis method. The results showed that technically the increased use of seeds, manure, liquid organic fertilizer (POC), liquid organic KCl fertilizer and nutrition could increase the productivity of organic lowland rice in Banyumas Regency. Labor has a significant and negative effect on the productivity of organic rice farming. While pesticides have no significant effect on increasing the productivity of organic lowland rice. Management factors that influence the technical inefficiency of organic rice farming according to the signs of hope are formal education and dummy membership in farmer groups. While age and experience did not significantly affect technical inefficiency. The coefficient value of the educational variable is -0,3329 and has a significant effect on the technical inefficiency of organic rice farming. The negative sign of the formal education variable indicates that the higher the farmer's formal education level, the lower the technical inefficiency or the higher the farm's technical efficiency.

Investigating the management efficiency of date growers with data envelopment analysis approach in environmental zones

Regarding the limitations of date production factors in the rivers, it is necessary to be carried out an optimal management on the production of this product and the use of production inputs. The main purpose of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the management of palm trees by using regression analysis and then to calculate the efficiency of constant returns to scale and variable returns to scale with the approach of minimizing input and maximizing output of management of date growers by separating cities of this region (Including 4 cities) using data envelopment analysis method. According to the limited statistical population, 200 date growers were selected from city, 50 date growers from each city. Data collection tool was a questionnaire which was designed as a Likert scale and its face and content validity was confirmed by relevant professors and experts. The results showed that the management efficiency of date growers in all cities in the region was acceptable. In comparison to cities, Rabi and Shirin Shahr have the most efficient and inefficient management of palm trees, respectively. Average efficiency with constant scale, efficiency with variable scale with input minimization and output maximization for Rabi city has been obtained 100%, 100% and 100% respectively and for Shirin city obtained 97.56%, 98.69% and 98.04%, respectively. The cities of Kut Abdulah and Kanaan have almost equal efficiency.

PENERAPAN PENDUGAAN EFISIENSI ALOKATIF PADA USAHATANI BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris, L)

ABTRACT
 
 Efficiency is one of the important indicators to assess the performance of a company or farm. Efficiency guarantees the use of certain inputs to achieve maximum output levels (technical efficiency) and also efficiency ensures the use of certain inputs that maximize profits (price efficiency or allocative efficiency). This article discusses the application of the estimation of price efficiency / allocative efficiency of the use of production inputs in bean farming using the linearized Cobb-Douglas Production function. The results of the analysis shows that the application of price efficiency estimation for production inputs using the Cobb-Douglas production function is satisfactory as long as the classical assumptions required by the multiple regression are fulfilled. Of the five production inputs included in the model, only one production input provides a significant value to production, namely the production input for the land area use. Thus, only the production input for land area use is estimated at the value of its price efficiency. Based on the results of the analysis, it is found that the use of production inputs for land area use has not yet reached its price efficiency.

Factors Affecting Rice Production and Land Usages in Banten Province, Indonesia

Banten Province has a harvested area of paddy fields on the 2017 year of 415,687 ha and production of 2,369,731 tons of unhusked rice. The objectives of this study are: 1) Knowing the priority of resources and agricultural inputs use for food production, 2) Knowing the factors that influence the productivity of rice in irrigated land in Banten Province, 3) Knowing the efficiency of the use of production inputs. The sampling method used purposive sampling with 90 respondents. The analytical method used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and multiple linear regression of Cobb Douglas production functions. The results of the study are: 1) The priority strategy in increasing food production is to increase the use of irrigated rice fields, so that the goal is achieved by increasing the crop index, this can be done by prioritizing the optimization of agricultural machinery 2) Significant factors that affecting the production of paddy rice in the irrigated wetland paddy field in Rainy Season 2017/2018 are the use of urea fertilizer, the amount of use of solid organic fertilizer, the amount of use of human labor rent, and the arable land area, 3). The cumulative elasticity is 1.45, which is elastic, meaning that the addition of 1% of the production factor will increase production by 1.45% or increasing return to scale. So rice farming in irrigated land is relatively efficient. To increase production, it is necessary to increase rice productivity and crop index in irrigated paddy fields.
 
 Keywords: Factors production, efficiency, priority analysis, rice, land usage.

ANALISIS RISIKO PRODUKSI USAHATANI PADI LADANG DI DESA NGGELA KECAMATAN WOLOJITA KABUPATEN ENDE

This study aims to analyze the risk of field rice farming in the dry season and rainy season and the influence of the use of production inputs on the risk of field rice production. The research was conducted in Nggela village with consideration. a) is a dryland village with the main food commodities of paddy rice Field rice farmers in Nggela village as many as 53 farmers, all farmers were studied to get the data and information needed. Analysis of the data used is the coefficient of variation. This analysis is a measure of relative risk obtained by dividing the standard deviation with the expected value. . The magnitude of the influence of input use on production risk was analyzed using multiple linear regression, the production function used was the Cobb Douglass production function beginning with the classical assumption test. The results of the analysis show that the risk of producing paddy rice farming in the rainy season is lower than in the dry season. The results of the t-test analysis show that not all independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable. Variables that are not influential are labor variables. Data in the field shows that the workmanship in Nggela village is still familiar with the pattern of cooperation, so that a lot or a little workforce is used that does not affect the risk of production. In the variables of land, seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, there is a significant and negative sign, this means that any additional land area, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides will reduce the risk of field rice production.

EFISIENSI FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI LEDRE PISANG DI UD. DUA PUTRI DEWI, KOTA MALANG

Banana Ledre is a food product processed from banana which is a type of snack. Processing of agricultural products aims to add value to this product because it can be sold at a higher price than fresh product. Banana ledre made by U.D. Dua Putri Dewi, Malang City uses several inputs other than banana as raw material. In the production process, efficiency in the use of inputs is an important thing that needs to be considered by entrepreneurs. Technical efficiency is a measure of how well resources or production inputs are used in the production process to provide optimal results. This study aims to analyze the technical efficiency of the use of production inputs consisting of raw materials, labor, and wages in producing banana ledre. The method used to analyze technical efficiency is Cobb Douglas production function regression analysis. In order to do the analysis, the production function is transformed into a linear model. The research hypothesis was tested by comparing the value of bi with a value range of 0-1. The results showed that the use of production cost factors was not efficient. This is based on the b1 value of 1.474 where this value is greater than 1. The use of working hours is inefficient based on the b2 value (-0.515) which is less than 0. The use of work wages is efficient based on the b3 value (0.059) which ranges from 0-1. Based on these results, entrepreneurs need to review the use of raw material costs and working hours in the production process. Things that can be done include finding raw material suppliers that offer lower prices and optimizing working hours as efficiently as possible.

Change on Production and Income of Red Chili Farmers

Climate change in the farming of red chili can cause a significant decrease in production as a result of high pest and drought attacks. The study wanted to find out the impact of climate change on the production and income of red chili which was carried out starting from planting to harvest in Garut Regency, West Java Province. Qualitative analysis is used to analyze the use of production inputs in red chili farming. Farmer income is done by analyzing agricultural income, while the factors that influence red Chilean production are analyzed using logistic regression. This finding concludes that the effects of climate change affect production efficiency and red chili income. This can be seen from the large value of the R/C ratio in red chili farming both in the dry season and in the rainy season is still greater than one. This means that the cultivation of red chili is still feasible to be developed. Besides, increased production of red chili farming has the opportunity to be increased by increasing the use of production inputs such as land area, fertilizer and labor use.

Analysis of Factors that Influence the production of wetland rice in Banten Province

Banten Province has a harvested area of paddy fields on the 2017 year of 415,687 ha and production of 2,369,731 tons of milled dry grain (MDG). The objectives of this study are: 1) Knowing the condition of wetland rice farming in Banten Province, 2) Knowing the factors that influence the production of wetland rice in Banten Province, 3) Knowing the efficiency of the use of production inputs. The sampling method used purposive sampling with 123 respondents. The analytical method used multiple linear of Cobb Douglas production functions and descriptive analysis. The results of the study are: 1) Rice paddy farming in Rainy Season (RS) 2017/2018 has a B/C ratio of 1.7. The productivity of paddy rice is 5.91 tons harvested dry grain (HDG)/ha. 2) Significant factors affecting the production of paddy rice in RS 2017/2018 are The amount of use of solid organic fertilizer, The amount of solid herbicide use, The amount of use of human labor rent, and the arable land area, 3). The cumulative elasticity is 0.97, is inelastic, meaning that the addition of 1% of the production factor will increase production by 0.97% or decreasing return to scale. So rice farming is relatively inefficient.

Impact of Farmer Producer Organisations on organic chilli (Capsicum frutescens) production in Telangana

There has been a substantial improvement in the performance of Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) in India in several aspects including access to technologies, markets, and value addition to agricultural produce. In this paper, an in-depth analysis has been done to understand the performance of FPOs for organic chilli in Indian state of Telangana based on the primary data collected from 60 farmers associated with FPOs and 60 non-FPO farmers from Siddipet and Janagaon, Telangana. The study employed empirical techniques, viz. tobit model, decomposition analysis and marketing efficiency to evaluate the impact of FPOs. The findings indicate that the input use in production of chilli was much less for the members of FPOs due to adoption of low inputs organic farming practices. Despite a lower yield, the members could realize 13.86% higher gross returns primarily attributed to FPOs providing access to technology and markets. The farmers in the study regions were following three marketing channels for disposal of their produce. The channel that involved FPOs with member farmers on the one end and consumers on the other is found to have the highest marketing efficiency in organic chilli.

ANALISIS EFISIENSI FAKTOR PRODUKSI KARET DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU

Kampar regency is one of the districts in Riau province which contributes significantly to the economy in Riau Province, especially in the agricultural sector in the plantation sector. Rubber is a leading commodity in the plantation subsector that continues to be the government's attention to develop. Rubber plantations have important roles and positions, both economically, socially, absorbing labor and ecological roles. Plantation is also a source of prosperity, progress, independence, and pride of Kampar district government. Plantation management at present still relies on and relies on the abundance of human resources are relatively cheap. Efficiency, productivity, quality, sustainability are still low. Rubber farmers are generally less aware of how to use efficient production factors to obtain high rubber yields. The accuracy of the use of production inputs is important for farmers to achieve production efficiency levels both technically, allocatively and economically. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of rubber production in Kampar regency by building multiple linear regression model and production efficiency analysis. The results showed that the dominant factors affecting rubber production in Kampar Regency were number of plants, plant age, number of labor and investment. The factors of production are the number of plants, and the amount of labor is not technically efficient, allocative, and economical. The use of fertilizers tends to be technically and economically efficient, but alocatively inefficient. In order to obtain optimal production, this study recommends the need for rejuvenation of old or damaged rubber plants using superior seeds and maintained in accordance with the standards of rubber cultivation techniques. The efficient use of labor can be achieved by applying a rubber tapping system appropriately tailored to the conditions of the plant and the price of rubber. In addition, the use of balanced fertilizers (elements N, P, and K) in accordance with the recommended should be applied. Meanwhile, considering the fluctuating rubber prices and tend to vary between farmers, government intervention is required by applying a fair rubber auction market. Besides, there is an effort from farmers to maintain the quality of processed rubber

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF SIAM PATIN FISH CULTIVATION BUSINESS (Case Study of UPT-Islamic University of Riau Kubang Raya, Siak Hulu Sub-District, Kampar District)

Siam patin fish cultivation in the UPT-UIR is a business-oriented business with the aim of maximizing business profits. Technical efficiency will be achieved if the farmer is able to allocate available production factors to produce high production so that it has an impact on farmer income. This study aims to analyze the allocation of the use of production inputs and the technical efficiency of Siamese catfish cultivation business. This research is a case study on UPT-UIR Pool with the census taking technique of respondents, namely managers and pool workers UPT-UIR. The results showed that the average production costs incurred were worth Rp. 135,321,515.22, consisting of variable costs Rp. 124,713,221.42 (92.16%) and fixed costs Rp. 10,608,293.80 (7.84%). Furthermore, there are 2 types of fish production, namely patin salai and fresh consumption with an average production of 10,628 kg and a selling price of Rp 12,500 / Kg with gross revenues of Rp 132,392,714 / harvest period. Furthermore, the results of the frontier test through 2 trials (approaches) the value of technical efficiency obtained is 0.9873 and 0.4378. Based on the criteria of technical efficiency, the efficiency value <1, means that the allocation of the use of production inputs exceeds the efficiency value so that it is necessary to reduce the use of production inputs. As a result, the business of Siamese catfish in the UPT-UIR Pond is in a technically inefficient condition. In the future, managers must pay attention to the allocation of efficient production inputs not only technically but also allocatively and economically so that they can increase productivity and farmer acceptance.

EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI DALAM PRODUKSI JAHE GAJAH

ABSTRACT
 The maximum production can be achieved if using optimum inputs. Production efficiency is influenced by the use of production inputs. The purpose of this research was to examin;: (1) the effect of production factors of jahe gajah; (2) inefficiency and efficiency factor of jahe gajah; (3) farmer's income in jahe gajah farming; and (4) constraints faced in Jahe Gajah production. The research method uses quantitative descriptive methods. The number of samples in this is researc were 66 people determined by the Simple Random Sampling technique. Production efficiency was analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier production function with the Frontier 4.1c program and farmer’s income was analyzed using R/C ratio. The results of the research indicate that; (1) land area variables affect production; (2) education, experience, counseling dummy variables influence production, while jahe gajah farm is stated to be technically efficient with an average value of 0.910, but not yet allocatively efficient with an average value of 0.668 and not economically efficient with average values of 0.599; (3) the jahe gajah farm has profit R/C ratio 1,7; (4) constraints faced by jahe gajah farmers there is no standards price, difficulty in obtaining market access, and rhizome rotten disease.

Economic Efficiency of Broad Bean Crop Production During the 2017 Agricultural Season

This study aims to estimate the economic efficiency of using economic resources to produce broad bean crop with their technical and allocation efficiency . It also aims to do a comparison between the optimum quantities and the actual quantities of used resources. Data were collected through a questionnaire of 20 crop growers in the Al-Qadisiyah province / Al -Badair county during 2017 planting season. This research Using data envelopment analysis in the assessment of economic efficiency and the separation of its components into technical and allocation efficiencies in achieving its objectives. Input oriented models is used under constant and variable Scale returns in the technical efficiency calculation. Variable Scale return is used in allocation efficiency and cost efficiency calculation. capacity efficiency average was 77%, and technical efficiency reached an average of about 81%. This indicates that the sample farmers can achieve the same level of production using 77% of the production resources with maintaining the current level of production. Cost efficiency averaged about 40%, which indicating that the sample bear additional costs of 40%. The research reached many results related to economic efficiency, including the waste of economic resources resulting in cost increases. Therefore, the research recommends to use of production inputs according to the scientifically recommended quantities and ways, especially the quantity of seeds and fertilizers, in line with the crop needs to reach optimum efficiency. .