Innovation Sphere Research Articles

ВПЛИВ ПОСТІНДУСТРІАЛЬНОЇ СТАДІЇ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ НА РОЗВИТОК ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН В УКРАЇНІ

The article analyzes the processes of transformation of the economy of Ukraine in the direction of building a postindustrial society. The real situation in the scientific and innovative sphere was analyzed and the place of Ukraine in the global innovation space was determined. On the basis of the analysis of the innovativeness of the domestic economy, a range of problems was identified, namely: the presence of an ineffective and weak mechanism for the introduction of innovations in the sphere of economic activity and further commercialization, an insufficient level of financing, the outflow of qualified personnel, a high degree of riskiness, and others. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the share of innovative products in the volume of industrial products sold in Ukraine is less than 3% and is currently the smallest among European countries. The export of innovative products is about half of the realization of innovative products, which causes a decrease in the competitiveness of Ukraine on world markets, in particular high-tech ones, and leads to the consolidation of Ukraine’s status as a raw material and lowtech country. Extremely small amounts of funding for innovations and in fact the absence of budgetary funding for the scientific sphere indicate an unjustified slowdown in the process of post-industrialization of the Ukrainian economy. It has been proven that the creation of favorable conditions for the development and improvement of the efficiency of scientific and innovative activities is a priority task of the state innovation policy, because the influence of scientific, technical and innovative spheres on the development and growth of the economic system is of crucial importance in the process of building a post-industrial economy in Ukraine. The measures to overcome the main obstacles on the way to “post-industrialization” of the domestic economy are substantiated. The article notes the need to develop science-intensive, resource-saving and information technologies; strengthening the role and importance of the human factor along with increasing costs for training highly qualified workers; expanding the scale of use of information and communication technologies, forming new stereotypes of thinking and models of economic behavior of individuals and forming a unique information culture.

ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ СТАРТАПЫ: ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ФОРМ ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ И ФАКТОРЫ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ

The article studies innovative schemes of startup financing, identifies priority areas (venture billers, venture studios) in the conditions of economic turbulence. New and already proven effective forms of attracting initial capital by startup funders in innovative spheres of economy, including the peculiarities of Chinese experience, are analyzed. The factors of startup competitiveness in the process of attracting investments are revealed.

Development of Science in Conjunction with Economic Growth: Global Trends and Patterns

The formation of artificial communities within the framework of various types of mathematical and computer modeling, primarily agent-based, requires confident knowledge about the degree and nature of the interaction of the simulated agents, components and elements of the system being studied. The work reveals patterns of influence of scientific and innovation indicators on the level of the economy in countries around the world. Based on measuring the level of correlations between the publication activity of the countries of the world, the per capita level of R&D expenditures, patent activity and the number of researchers with the level of their economy relative to the population, it is shown that the indicators of the conjugation of the scientific and innovation sphere of countries and their level are quite high, in general intensified from 2010 to 2022. Since 2010, the ratio of the levels of mutual dependence of indicators of scientific and inventive activity and the relative values of national economies has changed; among other indicators, the highest level of correlation in 2022 is characterized by publication activity. The level of interconnection has largely increased due to the sharp intensification of the level of scientific development of rich oil and gas producing countries. Considering Russia’s place in global trends in scientific development, the author concludes that it is advisable to increase funding for scientific research in Russia while maintaining the course of supporting the productivity of fundamental science.

Людський капітал у повоєнному відновленні енергетичної галузі

Restoring the energy infrastructure damaged due to military aggression requires consistent political leadership, effective planning, financial resources, and human capital. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of human capital formation and justify the directions of its increase. The issue of human capital formation is presented in the article through the prism of the need for the post-war recovery of Ukraine's energy industry on an innovative basis. Within the framework of the economic mechanism of human capital formation for the needs of the energy transition, a critical component is the system of education and science. The authors assessed the "Human capital and research" factor for post-war recovery based on an input-output analysis of the components of the Global Innovation Index for Ukraine. The study showed a decrease in the contribution of the "Human capital and research" factor to the development of the innovative sphere of Ukraine during 2021-2023. The decomposition of the "Human capital and research" factor allowed us to conclude its further weakening by the following components: the total volume of education funding in % of GDP; the average performance of students according to the PISA assessment; coverage of the population by higher education; expenditure on research and development in % of GDP; the success of Ukrainian universities, measured regarding the success of the top 3 universities in the world according to the version of the QS World University Rankings. Based on the results of the analysis, steps aimed at strengthening individual components of human capital are proposed: diversification of non-state participation in both financing and provision of education, in particular through state stimulation of training at the workplace; support of employment with intensive use of knowledge; determination of priority areas of specialist training. State instruments for the implementation of these steps are: the provision of direct budget support in the form of grants and innovative transfers; the provision of state guarantees for enterprise loans obtained for the implementation of innovation and investment projects; the provision of state support for the export of carbon-free energy products; reduction of the corporate income tax base by the volume of innovation costs and personnel training costs.

Innovation as a Key Driving Force of Ukraine's Economic Development in New Conditions

The article substantiates the role of innovation as one of the key drivers of Ukraine's economic development in the new conditions dictated by the war and integration with the EU. Based on a review of leading international ratings, the author analyses the state of Ukraine's innovation activity before and during the war. The strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities in Ukraine's innovation sector are identified. The results showed a deterioration in Ukraine's innovative position in international rankings, mainly under the influence of the war. The changes in the key indicators of innovation activity in Ukraine from 2010-2021 are analysed. The results show a downward trend in most of Ukraine's innovation indicators over the period analysed. The identified problems in Ukraine's innovation sphere are primarily related to the state's need for a more effective innovation policy. The main directions for improving Ukraine's innovation policy in the new conditions are identified based on the obtained results. The author identifies key promising areas for Ukraine’s innovation development in the new conditions.

The place of the higher education system in the innovation sphere in solving the problem of staffing the innovative economy. Part II

This article continues the study of the Innovation sphere role in the higher education system for innovative economy personnel training. It is devoted to the problem of the network project-based learning development within the framework of the entrepreneurial university model implementation. The core of the problem is development of entrepreneurial competencies in technical universities to promote technological startups through usage of expertise acquired by the Innovation students. The following article, as well as the previous one, is based on Basadur simplex method to find a range of factors which contribute to the solution of non-standard management problems. Identification of barriers to interaction is the most important factor in the development of a successful collaboration. Barriers of insufficient acquaintance with a partner, or low innovation susceptibility to the collaboration, are considered serious. The purpose of the study is to determine the external factors of innovative susceptibility to network interaction by universities that provide innovations. Low demand in the labour market is said to be the main barrier to the innovative susceptibility towards an innovation manager. There is no standardisation of his activity under the conditions of a high role of the Russian labour market regulation aspect. As a result, the author’s vision of key requirements set for the development of professional innovation standards is proposed to promote the innovation manager and increase innovative susceptibility of the market to his qualification level.

Innovative development of Ukraine in the context of European integration processes....

The article emphasises the importance of European integration for Ukraine, which is positioned as a key step towards approximation to European standards, gaining access to new markets and stimulating economic development. The relevance of the topic is substantiated by the transformational potential of innovations in combination with European integration for the future of Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to analyse the current state of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in the innovation sphere and, on this basis, to propose strategies for creating favourable organisational and institutional conditions that would accelerate Ukraine’s integration into the European innovation space. The study uses general scientific methods, including systematic analysis, structural analysis, historical and logical method, scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, and systematic generalisation. The article analyses the innovation sector in Ukraine and identifies the challenges that hinder its development: insufficient funding and investment in innovation, lack of effective mechanisms to support start-ups, and an education system that does not give due priority to innovation. The positive impact of European integration on innovation development in Ukraine is highlighted. The authors propose directions for the development of the innovation sector in Ukraine, which focus on strengthening cooperation between business, science and government, developing infrastructure to support innovation and creating incentives for investment in innovation projects. The results of this study are of practical importance for the formation and implementation of a set of organisational and institutional measures that will accelerate the pace of Ukraine’s integration into the European Innovation Area

On the Question of the Demand for Professional Postgraduate Studies in Russia: Analysis of Data on the Thesis Defenses in Technical Sciences

Modern Russian postgraduate school is institutionally oriented towards the reproduction of the personnel potential for science and higher education. Since the career trajectories of a significant part of PhD graduates go beyond the academic labor market, the scientific and pedagogical community is discussing the prospects for the development of the so-called professional postgraduate studies in Russia, which should provide targeted training of highly qualified personnel for knowledge-intensive sectors of the economy and the sphere of intellectual services. The discourse on professional postgraduate studies is focused on the possibility of adapting the effective practices of foreign universities, and, unfortunately, is currently not supported by quantitative data on the demand for such a format of postgraduate training in Russia. The purpose of this study is an empirical analysis of the demand for professional postgraduate studies in the field of technical sciences. Using data on PhD graduates who successfully defended dissertations in technical sciences in 2019 as an example, for the first time a quantitative assessment was made of the prevalence of practice-oriented dissertations, the authors of which are employees of organizations in the knowledge-intensive sectors of the economy. The empirical basis of the study was the publicly available data on the defense of dissertations for the degree of candidate of technical sciences in Russia in 2019 (N=1663). For a detailed analysis, dissertation materials were selected, which contained information about postgraduate studies and the place of employment of dissertators (N=715). As a result of the study, parameters were determined that characterize the degree of prevalence in Russia of practice-oriented dissertations on various disciplinary groups of technical sciences, including: the proportion of PhD graduates employed outside the academic sphere; the proportion of dissertations thematically related to the professional activities of their authors; prevalence of preparation of dissertations on the basis of enterprises of the real sector of the economy; differences in socio-demographic characteristics and publication activity of PhD graduates working on dissertations at universities and in science-intensive business organizations. On the basis of the analysis, a conclusion is made about the expediency of developing professional postgraduate programs in the field of engineering and technology aimed at staffing the innovation sphere, as well as legitimizing the special requirements for these programs and practice-oriented dissertations prepared during their implementation.

Public-private partnership as a tool to stimulate innovation in the scientific and technical sphere

In a market economy, it is important to improve the technology of work and the efficiency of resource management. One of the most effective ways to attract investments for their development is to use the mechanism of public-private partnership (PPP). PPP occupies an important place in the economy, affects the development of entrepreneurship, production, social sphere and modernization of the economy. With limited budgetary resources, PPP can also be considered as a new mechanism for attracting investments into the country's economy. In the article the authors tried to determine whether the interests of the state and entrepreneurship in the innovation sphere coincide to the greatest extent, and whether the joint resource power of the parties can contribute to the growth of priority sectors of the economy, increase the share of Kazakhstani goods and services in the foreign market of high-tech and knowledge-intensive products. In this regard, the authors propose a methodology and mechanism proving that the successful solution of innovative directions of entrepreneurship development in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan can be developed on the basis of the PPP mechanism. The implementation of innovation policy based on this idea and position is impossible without joint and coordinated work of the state and business sectors at all stages of the innovation process. The authors have comprehensively studied the role of the mechanism of public-private partnership in the innovative development of entrepreneurship. In addition, the modern conditions, when the financial and economic crisis has aggravated in the Republic of Kazakhstan, in which there are problems in the development of PPP, considered in the article deeply and comprehensively, are taken into account. A high level of management of innovation processes in private entrepreneurial structures functioning on the basis of PPP is envisaged as a mechanism for activation of innovative development of the country.

Analysis of opportunities and conditions of transformation of the Russian economy

Purpose: is to study the reasons, possibilities and conditions for the transformation of the Russian economy during the period of overcoming the sanctions of the EU countries and the United States and the transition to a multipolar world order.Methods: the methodology used for conducting the research is based on a generalization of methods for analyzing the cause-and-effect relationships of complex systems using network methods, as well as information and logical models of the processes of development of socio-economic systems.Results: the article analyzes the reasons for the transformation of the Russian and world economy in the coming years. The author shows the conditions for the formation and establishment of a market economy in our country, as well as the factors that influenced its development. The successes achieved and the bottlenecks that have formed in the Russian economy are noted. The ways of eliminating problematic situations are considered, including the possibility of restoring innovative potential, the transition of companies to strategic planning of technological development, improving decision-making mechanisms and the formation of an economic model of development in the medium term. The main results of the study are to substantiate the reasons for the transformation of the liberal economic model that has evolved in Russia during the transition to the market economy.Conclusions and Relevance: the article emphasizes the modern inevitability of structural and technological changes in the Russian economy. The emphasis is placed on the need to eliminate bottlenecks in the domestic economy, which, first of all, include a decrease in the potential of the innovation sphere. According to the author, among the main conditions for the transformation of the Russian economy is the transition from the evolutionary development of companies to the normative planning of technological modernization processes, the improvement of target management mechanisms, as well as the formation of forecast estimates assessments of the prospects for technological development on an innovative basis.

Features of the rational use of innovation and investment clusters of construction enterprises under the conditions of business relocation to overcome the crisis of marital state in Ukraine

The main condition for innovative development of the country is the innovative potential of the construction industry, as the flagship of today's urban reconstruction.
 This article is devoted to the characteristics of the innovative potential of the country's construction industry, in particular, the main innovative problems of the Ukrainian economy are analyzed and recommendations are made for their improvement.
 The organization and stimulation of processes of technology renewal, the transfer of scientific developments from the field of knowledge acquisition to production, which is achieved with the help of the development of the education system, the intellectual property market, the creation of innovative infrastructure, financial and tax stimulation of scientific and technical activities, is of particular importance in the processes of the functioning of the national innovation system. etc. Thus, the situation in the innovation sphere makes it urgent to develop such a state policy that would ensure expanded reproduction of the object base of innovative activity and the irreversible impact of innovations on accelerated economic growth of the country.
 The relevance is due to forced changes in the regional socio-economic policy of Ukraine due to the relocation of property and enterprises from areas of risk and active hostilities.
 The economic front of the state during the war is one of the issues, ensuring the activity of which contributes to replenishing the budget and maintaining the solvency of the population. The improvement of the efficiency and transparency of the work of city authorities and services was analyzed, namely: integration and coordination of individual functions and city services to optimize the solution of complex problems and speed up interdepartmental interaction; improvement of the system of control over the activity of communal enterprises and budget organizations; improvement of the statistical information collection system to improve the efficiency of management decision-making on the ground; ensuring effective management of city assets.

Regulation of Innovative Processes at the Enterprise in a Competitive Environment

Purpose: The objective of the study is to determine the importance of innovation factor in enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises and the necessity of transition of domestic enterprises to an innovative way of development, as well as the regulation of innovation processes in the enterprise in a competitive environment. Design / Methodology / Approach: To achieve the aim of the study, the following scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis and comparison. Findings: The essence of the regulation of innovation processes at the enterprise in a competitive environment was revealed. It was researched that the revival of investment and business activity in the context of regions had a positive impact on the innovative sphere. All these factors have appreciably improved the innovative environment and provided effective stimulation of the innovative development. Note that foreign and domestic experience has shown that it is the state that has the exclusive role of regulation and stimulation of innovative activity in the enterprise. As it has a powerful influence on innovative process by means of economic methods of direct and indirect action for the purpose of support of competitiveness of innovative production of the enterprises. Originality / Value: The research of motivation of creation of enterprises with foreign investment focused on attraction of advanced technics and technology to the country with such short-term effect as receipt of currency proceeds was further developed. The study showed that enterprises with foreign investment cannot solve the problem of currency deficit in the state, but the creation of conditions for attracting advanced technics and technology to the country is the basis for the implementation of a number of urgent tasks of economic and social development of the country. For this purpose, it is necessary to provide additional benefits to priority basic industries, determining the development of scientific and technological progress in Ukraine and the creation of favorable conditions for the inflow of innovative capital of foreign investors, which will have a positive impact on the development of the Ukrainian economy. Practical Meaning: It is proved that innovation management at Ukrainian enterprises requires formalisation of innovation and investment activity on the basis of production factors and national wealth. Therefore, it is necessary to modernise the methods of assessment of innovation projects, taking into account the latest experience of innovation activity, with the development of basic analytical procedures and determination of the scope of their rational use. Further Research: Development of a mechanism for regulating innovation processes at the enterprise in a competitive environment.

Higher education system placement in the innovation sphere in solving staffing innovative economy problem. Part I

The article analyzes specifics of training personnel in innovation management in Russia. The object of the study is the direction of the Innovation training, which implements the methodology of training specialists in innovation management in all spheres of economy. The purpose of the article is to assess compliance of the training methodology in innovation management with the requirements of the modern concept of practice-oriented education and conducting fundamental and applied research in universities that are in demand in innovative economy. The objective is to formulate the problem of implementing such requirements for higher education system as adaptability of graduates and their ability to implement projects and facilitate innovative development. The research is based on the application of Basadur’s simplex method to solve non-standard management problems and forms of comprehensive understanding of training personnel problems and use of professional competencies of innovation manager in the project education methodology for entrepreneurial university model implementation. As a result, the task of forming a technical universities collaboration with a pool of technological uncommercial startups has been formulated, as well as with universities that train innovation managers as specialists in promoting a startup to market.

ECONOMIC AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ENTITIES IN THE INNOVATION SECTOR

The subject of the study is public relations in the field of economic and legal regulation of innovation activity. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the methods of induction and deduction, the dialectical-materialist method, the method of analysis and synthesis, and the historical method, which allowed for an objective understanding of the content and essence of the issues under study. The purpose of the article is to analyse the theoretical and practical aspects of economic and legal regulation of activities of public administration entities in the innovation sphere in Ukraine and developed countries, and to propose effective ways to improve the mechanism of the relevant state policy. The results of the study show that the State economic and legal regulation of innovation activity is carried out with the aim of ensuring progressive transformations in the field of material production, increasing the competitiveness of the national product in the world market, improving the environmental situation, and strengthening the security and defence capability of the country. The economic and legal regulation of the activities of public administration entities in the innovation sphere should not restrict innovation processes (including through excessive structuring and detailing), but should set the direction of their evolution, constantly improve, dynamically monitoring changes in the situation. Conclusion. The main form of state support for the development of innovation is the economic and legal regulation of innovation activities, support for small innovative enterprises and the creation of a favourable innovation climate. The aim of state policy in this area is to move towards an innovative development path based on selected priorities. The state economic and legal regulation of innovation activity is carried out in order to ensure progressive transformations in the sphere of material production, increase the competitiveness of the national product on the world market, improve the environmental situation, strengthen the security and defence capability of the country. In order to achieve the effectiveness of innovation activities, it is necessary to adopt a new approach to solving the problems of antimonopoly policy, product quality management, safety and labour protection. This requires the adoption of new laws and regulations, which should take into account legal issues related to the development of production, resource conservation, environmental protection, etc. The regulatory framework of innovation activity should be brought in line with innovation policy, in particular, it should be closely linked to the measures provided for in the relevant state programme documents and should actively contribute to their implementation.

Innovative development of Ukraine in the context of European integration processes

The article emphasises the importance of European integration for Ukraine, which is positioned as a key step towards approximation to European standards, gaining access to new markets and stimulating economic development. The relevance of the topic is substantiated by the transformational potential of innovations in combination with European integration for the future of Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to analyse the current state of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in the innovation sphere and, on this basis, to propose strategies for creating favourable organisational and institutional conditions that would accelerate Ukraine's integration into the European innovation space. The study uses general scientific methods, including systematic analysis, structural analysis, historical and logical method, scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, and systematic generalisation. The article analyses the innovation sector in Ukraine and identifies the challenges that hinder its development: insufficient funding and investment in innovation, lack of effective mechanisms to support start-ups, and an education system that does not give due priority to innovation. The positive impact of European integration on innovation development in Ukraine is highlighted. The author proposes directions for the development of the innovation sector in Ukraine, which focus on strengthening cooperation between business, science and government, developing infrastructure to support innovation and creating incentives for investment in innovation projects. The results of this study are of practical importance for the formation and implementation of a set of organisational and institutional measures that will accelerate the pace of Ukraine's integration into the European Innovation Area

Development of officials of spatial orientation in training young football players

Despite the introduction of the latest methods of training in football, the direction - tactical thinking remains in the sphere of constant attention and innovation. The choice of tactical solutions, keeping in mind the elements of a tactical task, timely focusing on actions and changes on the field today are the decisive factors for victory in football. Game activity in conditions of a sharp time limit encourages the player to use the skills of so- called panoramic orientation. Spatial orientation exercises are combined with both life-kinetics exercises and spatial thinking exercises, creating a possible space for improving the player's tactical actions on the field. Testing of spatial orientation and speed reaction to some extent determines the direction of training of young football players. In combination with the elements of working memory, the football player has the opportunity to maintain the speed of team actions. We observed significant differences in the effects of training in the interaction of life-kinetics and exercises on spatial thinking. In the combination of psychological and physical stress, we determined the improvement of both physical and certain cognitive abilities of football players. The ability to optimize the cognitive functions of the brain - that is, the ability to understand, learn, study, perceive, perceive and process external information. The positive side of life-kinetics is that, while setting certain complex tasks, it does not physically overload the players and they do not get tired. Spatial thinking is a component in optimizing the training of tactics in player training.

Sustainability of territorial systems in the context of economic indicators

Purpose: of the study is to identify factors and parameters that provide opportunities for sustainable development for territorial systems (regions), based on the analysis of the dynamic series of key statistical indicators.Methods: the basis of the study is the use of various methodological approaches, systemic, multivariate analysis, methodology of institutional reforms. The research methodology is based on the systematization and comparative analysis of the main statistical indicators of the development of the economic and innovative spheres of the Volga Federal District and Russia as a whole, which ultimately makes it possible to identify the growth drivers of territorial systems.Results: the study analyzes the indicators of economic and innovative development of the subjects of the Volga Federal District and Russia. Based on this, four types of sustainability of territorial systems were identified: sustainability of the depressive type, sustainability of the adaptive type, sustainability of the advanced type, sustainability of the innovative type. The type of economic stability was determined for each subject of the region, which made it possible to identify drivers and growth points. In the context of rapidly changing external factors of development, the results obtained are relevant, since they allow us to determine the trajectory of the development of territorial systems.Conclusions and Relevance: economic and innovative indicators of development make it possible to classify the Volga Federal District as a region with an established adaptive type of stability. The drivers of the region's development are developed agriculture, industrial production, high-tech and innovative production. The positive dynamics of the socio-economic indicators of the region with a focus on innovative components ensures an increase in the degree of stability of the regional system. Activation of drivers and stimulation of growth points is the result of the strategy and implementation of socio-economic policy measures to achieve innovation-type sustainability in the region.

METHODOLOGICAL ESSENCE OF THE COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF TECHNOLOGIES IN THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of factors that determine the competitiveness of individual enterprises and countries in the conditions of a market economy. The change of priorities in different periods of economic development is analyzed. At the stage of the industrial economy, the priority in achieving competitive advantages was the main factors of production: labor and natural resources, capital. The next stage of market competition is related to investment. Attracting foreign and domestic investments provided companies and states with competitive advantages. The main task was to create favorable conditions for investments. In the modern economy, the role of the main factors of production, as well as investments, remains an important criterion of competitiveness. At the same time, there is a transition to fundamentally new technologies based on information as the most important resource. A new branch of the economy is emerging, associated with digital technologies for receiving, transmitting and processing information. The transition to digital technologies is accompanied by changes in the business environment. The competitiveness of companies in the digital economy depends on competitiveness in the global market. The workforce structure is changing. The competitiveness of companies is affected by the quality of workers employed in production. There is a struggle for highly qualified personnel. At the current stage, innovations are becoming the main factor in the competitiveness of both individual enterprises and countries as a whole. Ukrainian industrial enterprises, faced with crisis phenomena and problems of introducing innovations and innovative technologies into their production, are forced to independently search for new ways of innovative development of the enterprise, creating new production clusters of "production complexes" to solve the most basic problem of complete modernization of their production, and therefore the regularity of such a phenomenon , as the formation of "production complexes", require its comprehensiveness. Research. This paper formulates the main regularities of the formation of "production complexes", where innovation is a link, as a special factor of increasing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises, but as part of the "production complex". An analysis of scientific research in the innovative sphere of the economy was carried out in the part of studying the patterns of formation of "production complexes", conclusions were drawn about the lack of a concept of innovative development of "production complexes", a concept of innovative development of "production complexes" in our country was proposed.

Social Innovation: An Impulsion for Resilience of One-Acre Fund Household Livelihoods in Kenya

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of social innovation on the resilience of one-acre fund household livelihoods. Resilience is the ability to bounce back after a period of such shocks. . In that connection, there is a need to innovate alternatives that optimize resilience. Innovation has been studied in terms of technological innovation, business innovation, and or general innovation but not social innovation in connection to resilience. Social innovation uniquely matches resilience efforts at the vulnerable households’ level. However, this connection has not been studied rigorously. The findings revealed that social innovation contributed statistically significantly to resilience of one-acre fund household livelihoods (β =.832, p=.000) and accounted for 69.3% change in resilience of one-acre fund household livelihoods ΔR2=0.693, ΔF (1, 308) =167.748, p=.000.The study concluded that, if more emphasis is put in social innovation, more resilience of one-acre fund household livelihoods would be realized. Therefore, an enhanced leads to resilience for households’ livelihood. The study recommends that as a coping mechanism for food insecurity, farmers should adopt an acre fund model. this study advises the policymakers to consider the production of maize by use of one acre fund skills like social innovation to minimize the inefficiency levels and increase production by minimizing the cost of inputs and cost of capital The study highlights the applicability of social innovation in a new context and further facilitates creation of knowledge and growth of literature in the social innovation sphere.

Потенциал студенческой молодежи высших образовательных учреждений как фактор влияния на экономику Республики Крым

Geographical location, natural resource potential, landscape and climatic conditions, health resort treatment, beach recreation, cultural and historical traditions define the Russian Crimea as one of the most popular do-mestic tourism destinations. Along with this, the peninsula is also an important regional center of education and science. The authors examined the state of the republic's higher education system and its impact on the eco-nomic sphere, emphasizing student youth as the main subject capable of making a significant contribution to the economic development of the region. In this regard, the task was set to investigate the potential of the stu-dent population studying in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Crimea, and their involvement in the socio-economic, labor and innovation spheres of the region. The article contains analytical data on the ac-tivities of higher educational institutions operating in the territory of the Republic, a brief review of educational programs, achievements in the field of scientific research. The authors point out the changes in the system of higher education of the peninsula, positively affecting its economic, social and cultural development.