Innovative Mechanisms Research Articles

Detection of orbital angular momentum carried high-order radial vortex beams using CNN-OAM mode classifier

Vortex beams provide an innovative multiplexing mechanism for the field of optical communication due to its specific orthogonality. The precise and efficient detection of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes carried by vortex beams is an essential technology for OAM multiplexing communication systems. An OAM mode classifier based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for the mode detection of distorted high-order vortex beams (radial index p > 0). The effect of different atmospheric turbulence (AT) intensities, radial indexes, and propagation distances on the detection accuracy of the OAM modes are investigated. The ability of the classifier models for generalization after training on both specific and mixed AT dataset is analyzed. The results show that the higher-order vortex beams have a greater detection accuracy in AT environments. For the high-order vortex beam carrying OAM modes, the CNN-OAM mode classifier has an average detection accuracy of 97.3% and can detect up to 30 OAM modes under any AT intensities ranging from 1 × 10−16 m−2/3 to 1 × 10−14 m−2/3 at a propagation distance of 1000 m. The great accuracy and extensive detection range of the CNN-OAM mode classifier proposed in this paper can offer a novel approach to the recognition and detection of high-order vortex beams.

Prototyping a Hyperledger Fabric-Based Security Architecture for IoMT-Based Health Monitoring Systems

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has risen significantly in recent years and has provided better quality of life by enabling IoMT-based health monitoring systems. Despite that fact, innovative security mechanisms are required to meet the security concerns of such systems effectively and efficiently. Additionally, the industry and the research community have anticipated that blockchain technology will be a disruptive technology that will be able to be integrated into innovative security solutions for IoMT networks since it has the potential to play a big role in: (a) enabling secure data transmission, (b) ensuring IoMT device security, and (c) enabling tamper-proof data storage. Therefore, the purpose of this research work is to design a novel lightweight blockchain-based security architecture for IoMT-based health monitoring systems leveraging the features of the Hyperledger Fabric (HF) Platform, its utilities. and its lightweight blockchain nature in order to: (i) ensure entity authentication, (ii) ensure data confidentiality, and (iii) enable a more energy-efficient blockchain-based security architecture for IoMT-based health monitoring systems while considering the limited resources of IoMT gateways. While security mechanisms for IoT utilizing HF do exist, to the best of our knowledge there is no specific HF-based architecture for IoMT-based health monitoring systems.

Analysis of trans‐domain motion process of bullet‐shaped trans‐domain amphibious vehicle

AbstractA fully functional prototype of a bullet‐shaped trans‐domain amphibious vehicle with the ability to perform reciprocating cross‐medium movements has been developed. Once the bullet‐shaped underwater vehicle completes its designated underwater tasks, upon reaching a suitable location for surface observation, it will transform into a bullet‐shaped coaxial counter‐propeller aircraft to carry out cross‐domain out‐of‐water and performing aerial flight missions. The successful transition of the vehicle into amphibious mode is attributed to the design of an innovative energy attitude multiplexing mechanism. Simultaneously, a rational and effective hybrid‐switching strategy has been proposed to enhance the reliability of the vehicle's amphibious mode transition. In view of the complex and changeable cross‐domain environment, we have adopted a modular design concept, breaking down the entire cross‐domain movement process into three key phases: air operation flight, transient cross‐domain, and underwater active sailing. Detailed theoretical analysis, algorithm design, and experimental research have been conducted for each phase. This paper proposes and expounds the key design principles, evaluates the performance indicators of key components, and weighs the matching of body dynamics and propulsion performance to ensure that the vehicle achieves the expected performance. Finally, the success of the test at different phases further proves that the vehicle has the ability to achieve complete cross‐domain operation.

Internodal conduction pathways: Revisiting a century-long debate on their existence, morphology, and location in the context of 2023 best science.

Internodal conduction pathways are the communication apparatus of the cardiac conduction system conveying sinus node action potentials to the atrioventricular node and atrial working myocytes. In 1910, at the Deutschen Pathologischen Gesellschaft held in Erlangen, Charles Thörel related his discovery of an internodal bundle structured with Purkinje-like cells which was rejected by the participants who endorsed the leading doctrine that atrial contractile cardiomyocytes operated as internodal routes. Starting in 1963 and for five subsequent decades, two groups have continued to revisit this issue. The first, led by Thomas James, defended the histological existence of uninsulated, high-speed cord-like internodal conduction tracts. Although not supported by robust experimental data, this hypothesis achieved the status of a physiological creed in the scientific community. The second, led by Robert Anderson, systematically refuted this stance and adopted anisotropy as an innovative internodal conduction mechanism operating via spindle-shaped atrial contractile myocytes arranged in anisotropic bundles relaying SAN APs to their atrial destinations at physiologically required (fit-for-purpose) velocities to enable synchronized atrial systoles. Modern imaging and electrophysiological techniques can now clearly visualize muscular internodal and interatrial tracts and SAN depolarization electrical waves, confirming the existence of atrial conduction paths muscular in nature. Mastery of the current best science, anatomy, and physiology of the human atria is necessary for electrophysiologists to safely perform atrial radiofrequency ablation interventions to restore sinus rhythm in patients distressed by supraventricular arrhythmias.

Performance evaluation of adjustable stroke piston pump with varying fulcrum position

Lubrication of machines is done manually or using automatic systems, the purpose of the automatic lubrication system is to provide specified amount of lubrication at specified lubrication points using a controlled pump system. The proposed work is based on auto control variable displacement pump and referencing to literature survey it is a novel work involves, an innovative kinematic link base stroke changing mechanism. The stoke variation mechanism serves to alter the stroke of the piston pump in controlled manner to control the flow rate of the pump precisely. The design of the linkage for stoke variation has been done. The previous studies deal with the theoretical design and analysis of the components of the variator mechanism. The variator mechanism is used to vary the angle of oscillation of the output and thereby the stroke of the piston of the pumping element. The variator mechanism design includes the design of the worm gear box and its components, variator screw and nut arrangement. Selection of the motor to operate the linkage and the force analysis based on the motor specifications has been carried out. The present work deals the manufacturing and preliminary testing of the device. In that testing was carried out at various input speeds to the pump and the actual discharge from the pump was measured and the volumetric efficiency of the pump at the particular speed and fulcrum position was determined. Results of the two fulcrum positions were compared and evaluated. Further testing will be carried out in the next six months and the optimization of the fulcrum position for desired discharge will be done. The IOT circuit and mechanism will then be configured suitably.

Navigating the crowdfunding landscape for women entrepreneurs in India: Opportunities and barriers

The proliferation of advanced technologies has ushered in diverse and accessible fundraising avenues for entrepreneurs, profoundly influencing the burgeoning startup landscape in India. Among these innovative fundraising mechanisms, crowdfunding has emerged as a prominent platform with the potential to alleviate funding challenges and catalyze the Indian startup revolution. This research endeavors to discern disparities between male and female entrepreneurs concerning their fundraising attitudes, crowdfinancing method preferences, and perceptions of crowdfinancing's viability as a funding mechanism. Our study encompasses a sample of Indian entrepreneurs with basic knowledge of various crowdfunding options, comprising a dataset of approximately 300 respondents. Of this sample, 224 are Indian entrepreneurs, with 116 being female entrepreneurs. Hypothesis testing, employing Chi-square and Discriminant Analysis, was conducted to assess gender-based distinctions. Our findings reveal that female entrepreneurs exhibit a stronger inclination toward specific funding methods compared to their male counterparts. Additionally, our study elucidates the aspects of crowdfinancing that women entrepreneurs view favorably, suggesting a greater affinity for crowdfinancing among female entrepreneurs. This research sheds light on gender-related nuances in fundraising attitudes and preferences, offering valuable insights into the dynamics of entrepreneurship and funding strategies in the Indian context.

Capturing the Opportunity of Green Economic Policy for Environmental Sustainability

This research paper focuses on the concept of green economics policy as a means to achieve environmental sustainability. The paper begins by defining green economics policy as an approach that promotes sustainable economic growth while also protecting the environment. It argues that a shift towards a green economy is necessary to address the current environmentalchallenges facing the planet. The paper examines the key elements of a green economics policy,which include promoting renewable energy sources, investing in sustainable infrastructure, supporting sustainable agriculture practices, and incentivizing businesses to adopt environmentally friendly practices. The paper highlights the importance of policy coherence and coordination across different sectors and levels of government to ensure a successful transition to a green economy. The research also discusses the potential benefits of a green economics policy, such as the creation of green jobs, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and improved public health outcomes. The paper emphasizes the importance of engaging stakeholders in the policymaking process, including civil society organizations, businesses, and affected communities, to ensure that the policy is equitable and socially just. The paperconcludes by highlighting the urgent need for governments to adopt green economics policies to address the environmental crisis. It emphasizes the importance of international cooperation tosupport countries in transitioning to a green economy and the need for innovative financing mechanisms to support sustainable development. The paper argues that a green economics policy offers a viable path towards achieving environmental sustainability while also promoting economic growth and social equity.

Upper limb active orthosis for post-stroke rehabilitation at home

Abstract: Home-based rehabilitation post-stroke can help to improve the recovery of upper limb motor function, increase patient motivation for training, lower rehabilitation costs, and optimize post-stroke care for clinical staff. Rehabilitation in acute and chronic post-stroke phases with task-specific, repetitive training has been shown to improve upper limb function. Rehabilitation technology such as robotic devices can provide such physical training and facilitate consistent rehabilitation means. However, the large dimensions of such devices, high costs, and various technical aspects are factors that can limit usage only in rehabilitation facilities. This paper presents the design of a lightweight and fully portable active orthosis that provides passive mobilization of the elbow and has an innovative mechanism for supination and pronation of the forearm. A 3D model was constructed, considering the biomechanical requirements of the joints and overall feasibility for home use. 3D scanning and printing were used to develop and produce the device. The usability of the active orthosis was evaluated on 5 healthy volunteers using the System Usability Scale, which revealed very good results. The active orthosis presents easy set-up and operation, making it an excellent tool for at-home rehabilitation.

ESG performance and green innovation in a digital transformation perspective

AbstractIn the era of the digital economy, companies strive to promote green innovation by enhancing their ESG performance, aiming to create new advantages for high‐quality corporate development. We investigate the influence and mechanism of corporate digital transformation, ESG performance, and green innovation using data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐share listed enterprises in China between 2012 and 2021. The study reveals that good ESG performance significantly fosters green innovation. Additionally, digital transformation plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between ESG performance and green innovation, which remains consistent even after conducting a series of robustness tests. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for improving the top‐level planning of “Digital Nation,” promoting the development of ESG concepts, and achieving “carbon peaking,” and “carbon neutrality.”

An Optimized AMS Based Cloud Downloading Service with Advanced Caching and Intelligent Data Distribution Mechanism

The popularity of peer-to-peer video content downloading has surged due to diverse content availability and convenient sharing among users. However, scaling systems to accommodate the growing number of users and content items poses a challenge. This research aims to optimize video content downloading in peer-to-peer systems. The objective is to improve performance by developing advanced caching mechanisms, an intelligent data distribution algorithm, and efficient bandwidth resource management. The proposed approach involves implementing innovative caching mechanisms that store frequently accessed content closer to users, reducing download time. An intelligent data distribution algorithm minimizes bottlenecks and maximizes download speeds. Efficient bandwidth resource management ensures fair allocation. Results demonstrate significant enhancements in download time and overall system performance, leading to improved user experience. This research addresses the need for an optimized video content downloading system to handle increasing user and content volumes. The findings hold the potential to enhance user experiences, facilitate seamless video sharing, and advance peer-to-peer video content downloading.

Macroeconomic Policies for a Sustainable World

ABSTRACT The urgency of the climate crisis is such that it needs to inform most policy-making. It represents a major threat to human development. Yet while the existence of the crisis is generally acknowledged, this has not affected macro-economic policy even though the climate crisis has major effects on the accepted objectives of macro-economic policy, including growth and economic stability. The paper explores changes in macro-economic policy needed for sustainability which should become an intrinsic and overriding objective of policy. Implications of doing so are explored, including replacing the growth objective with green/sustainable growth, altering the measurement of GDP accordingly; greatly increasing the weight given to the well-being of future generations with implications for interest and investment rates; and reforming taxes and expenditures. Ballooning of debt is justified to support a rapid transition to a carbon-free economy. Among high-income countries, the growth objective should be questioned. Low income countries need green growth to attain reasonable living standards. Large-scale resource transfers to low income countries are essential to support green expenditures for mitigation and especially adaptation. High priorities are a change in the approach of the IMF and World Bank, and innovative financial mechanisms to support the required transfers.

Retracted: On the Innovation Mechanism and Communication Path of Philosophical Thinking in Innovative Community Environment.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/7359420.].

Machine learning and genetic algorithm-based framework for the life-cycle cost-based optimal design of self-centering building structures

Self-centering systems have emerged as innovative lateral force-resisting mechanisms aimed at improving the earthquake resilience of building structures. The fully self-centering behavior effectively eliminates the residual deformation, thereby improving the post-earthquake repairability of building structures. However, this behavior does intensify floor acceleration responses that contribute to nonstructural damage and lead to increased initial costs. This research aims to develop a general machine learning and genetic algorithm-based framework for optimizing the design of self-centering building structures and to strike a balance between the initial costs and seismic losses by minimizing the overall life-cycle cost. The artificial neural network (ANN) based StructureNet model was developed for accelerating the calculation of life-cycle costs associated with self-centering structures. The genetic algorithm was adopted to determine the optimal design parameters for self-centering structures. The framework was applied to 8 design cases, with the analysis centering on two factors: the maximum allowable residual inter-story drift for controlling demolition and the initial construction cost of self-centering members. The study examined their influences on the optimization design results of self-centering building structures. The findings highlight a preference for a design approach that leans toward partially self-centering behavior as opposed to fully self-centering behavior, indicating the higher life-cycle benefits of partially self-centering behavior.

How do corporate social responsibility and green finance strategies impact sustainable development in China's renewable energy sector?

As the globe transitions to a low-carbon economy, China's renewable energy (RE) sector is crucial to attaining sustainable growth. Green financing and corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies have become increasingly important in promoting the growth and sustainability of the RE sector. In order to evaluate CSR factors and green finance strategies for effective integration in supporting the RE industry, this research employs hybrid Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Fuzzy VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (FVIKOR) approaches in the context of China. The FAHP method is used to determine the various CSR factors and subfactors, while the FVIKOR method is employed to prioritize the key green finance strategies. The findings of the FAHP method highlight the importance of socioeconomic development, environmental protection, and stakeholder engagement as critical CSR factors for RE sectors. Moreover, the results of the FVIKOR method reveal that innovative financing mechanisms, green bonds, and green banks emerged as significant green finance strategies for mobilizing capital and resources for RE projects. The study highlights the value of aspects of CSR and green financing techniques in fostering sustainable development in the RE industry. The results can aid in the promotion of sustainable practices and the assistance of China's transition to a more resource- and environment-wise economy by firms, investors, governments, and other stakeholders.

Optimizing water-energy-food nexus: achieving economic prosperity and environmental sustainability in agriculture

The increasing global population, rapid urbanization, and climate change are putting unprecedented pressure on limited water and energy resources for food production. It requires integrated management of the key resources to achieve economic and environmental sustainability. The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, in conjunction with circular bioeconomy (CBE) principles, offer a promising approach to achieve sustainable agriculture. It provides the integration between interconnectedness and interdependencies of the resources through closing bio-resource loops. Using bio-based materials, renewable energy resources, and implementing energy-efficient practices and technologies can maximize synergistic among the resources and promote sustainable agriculture while minimizing negative environmental impacts. However, there are challenges and limitations, such as economic conditions, proper infrastructure and technology, policy and governance support, public awareness, and potential trade-offs and conflicts. Moreover, it also faces various social and cultural challenges in implementing this approach. Therefore, to overcome these challenges and limitations, the need for innovative and sustainable technologies, significant investments in research and development, infrastructure and training, environmental campaign, innovative financing mechanisms and policies that incentivize sustainable practices, and support from stakeholders and the public are essential.

Media DAO: A blockchain-based model for the transformation and innovation of the publishing and media industry

The publishing media industry faces many challenges such as outdated innovation mechanisms, strict information control, low quality of content creation, unfair distribution of content, and poor management of content rights, etc. Media decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), a blockchain-based media organization, offers innovative solutions to these problems through its decentralized nature, new organizational form, and governance. This paper compares the differences between the traditional publishing media industry and media DAOs, discusses the changes that media DAOs have brought to the publishing media industry, and explores future trends and challenges in the publishing media industry. The goal is to guide the publishing media industry to break away from stereotypical thinking and further explore the room for development.

A wide-bandwidth MEMS energy harvester based on a novel voltage-sliding stiffness tunability

Due to the significance of power harvesting technologies in making use of the energy sources available in the surroundings, in this research, an innovative piezoelectric energy harvesting mechanism with adjustable stiffness is presented. The presented design performs based on the transverse motion of the two microbeams supported at one end. The beams are sandwiched between two piezoelectric layers and are in exposure to an external acceleration field. At the free end of the microbeams, a rectangular microplate is embedded as a slip-over electrode without an electric charge. A thin dielectric layer separates the microplate and two other stationary electrodes. Once a constant adjusting voltage is applied through the stationary electrodes, the free electrons’ displacement in the microplate causes the plate to encounter a nonlinear deflection-dependent electrostatic force. The produced electrostatic will perform as an electric spring so that its stiffness can be altered by the applied adjusting DC voltage. As the rigidity coefficient of the electric spring can be controlled easily, it makes the structure a wide-frequency bandwidth energy harvester. Mathematical modeling of the design has been analyzed to demonstrate the structure's nonlinear vibration behavior coupled with the harvesting section of the system. The derived equations are solved altogether after being discretized by the use of the Galerkin method. The energy harvester's steady-state response in various harmonies is found by applying a learning-based method. Also, the appearance of the main resonance as well as secondary resonances in the energy harvester's response in the frequency domain in different harmonies can be analyzed. The design's geometric effect on the power harvester's effective performance is examined in detail. The power harvester's output power versus the impedance and also the structure's output power density undergoing the external acceleration are investigated.

IMPACT OF FDI ON INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE UPGRADING UNDER GREEN TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION IN JIANGSU, CHINA

Industrial structure upgrading plays an important role in improving economic development efficiency. Taking Jiangsu as the study subject, the paper selects panel data from 2005 to 2018 and performs dynamic panel models and threshold models to analyze the influence mechanism of foreign direct investment (FDI) and green technology innovation on industrial structure upgrading (including rationalization and advancement). The results show that FDI acts negatively on industrial structure upgrading, exhibiting U-shaped relationship with advancement, in contrast, green technology innovation shows a positive contribution to upgrading. In addition, rationalization is limited by fixed assets growing but increases with rising education levels. An increase in fixed assets and education both have a positive effect on advancement. Further, FDI plays a facilitating role in advancement considering the positive moderating effect of green technology innovation. Therefore, the study provides a theoretical reference for the development path of foreign investment and industrial structure upgrade breakthrough in Jiangsu.

Fashion innovation through an innovation ecosystem – a research agenda

ABSTRACT This paper employs the paradigm of an innovation ecosystem to stimulate fashion innovation. This study applies an integrative literature review on fashion innovation, innovation ecosystem and policy-driven innovation, proposes a theoretical framework – fashion innovation ecosystem and streams future research directions. The findings suggest the innovation ecosystem is an inclusive, constructive and systematic lens and contribute to the management of fashion innovation. A mechanism of policy-driven fashion innovation is proposed to stress the role of government as a key actor in the fashion innovation ecosystem. It identifies five research directions from the theoretical framework of the fashion innovation ecosystem, namely fashion innovation measurement, research methodology, policy-driven fashion innovation, fashion sustainability innovation ecosystem and open innovation. The study contributes to the theoretical development of fashion innovation management and innovation ecosystem; has practical implications for innovation strategy in the fashion sector; will benefit policymakers in formulating policy and fostering the institutional environment.

Innovation city and low-carbon future: a quasinatural experiment from China.

Using the difference-in-difference model and panel data from 283 Chinese cities from 2006 to 2019, this study assesses the effect on CO2 emissions of an innovative city pilot policy and analyzes its mechanism using the mediation effect model. The findings demonstrate that the pilot policy significantly reduces urban carbon emissions overall, and this finding holds even after conducting several stability tests. Innovative pilot cities can cut carbon emissions by 11.5% compared to nonpilot cities and thus significantly impact carbon reduction. Reducing carbon emissions is possible through three mechanisms. These are the enrichment of cultural resources, the development of technological innovation levels, and the optimization of industrial structure. There is a significant lag in how the innovative city pilot policy affects this reduction. The emission reduction effects of innovative pilot policies on different pollution levels, regions, and cities of various sizes are heterogeneous. In the long run, the scope of pilot projects needs enlargement in an orderly manner, and specific policies should be implemented according to local conditions. Meanwhile, advanced technologies are required in cities of different scales to build innovative development mechanisms for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and environmental regulations should be strengthened to implement in urban areas the concept of green and sustainable ecological development.