Undergraduate Innovation Research Articles

Design of Multi-Functional Lighting System Based on Solar Power

This paper introduces the multi-functional lighting system which is a national undergraduate innovation training program. In view of the increasing energy shortage and environmental pollution, a multi-functional lighting system powered by solar energy is designed by project team members. In addition to the lighting function, the system also has killing insect and counting functions on some special occasions. This system uses STC90C516 as the control center, uses infrared diffuse reflection photoelectric switch and infrared human body sensor as the counting sensor, multi-color LED array as the lighting device, using the phototaxis of pests to attract pests and kill them with high-voltage power grid. The results show that the system is energy-saving, environmental friendly, accurate in counting, and has good insecticidal effect on many kinds of pests.

Propagation properties of radially polarized Pearcey-Gauss vortex beams in free space**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11775083 and 11374108) and the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates, China.

We investigate a family of radially polarized Pearcey–Gauss vortex beams (RPPGVBs), obtain the general propagation expressions of an RPPGVB, and study the intensity distribution, phase pattern, spin currents as well as the orbital currents when the RPPGVB propagates in free space. The focal plane and the intensity of the focal point can be adjusted by changing the position of the vortex and the scaling factors. We also investigate how the waist size influences the propagation properties.

Improving Education Quality in Chemistry through Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Programs for Undergraduates

Improving Education Quality in Chemistry through Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Programs for Undergraduates

Selective synthesis of three-dimensional ZnO@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates with tunable interior dielectric layer**Project supported by the Fund from the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, China (Grant No. 20170520108JH), the Beihua University Youth Nurtural Fund, China (Grant No. 2017QNJJL15), the Beihua University PhD Research Start-up Fund, China (Grant No. 202116140), and the Undergraduate Innovation Project,

We describe the synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) multilayer ZnO@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays by the physico–chemical method. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance of the 3D multilayer ZnO@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays is studied by varying the thickness of dielectric layer SiO2 and outer-layer noble Ag. The 3D ZnO@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays create a huge number of SERS “hot spots” that mainly contribute to the high SERS sensitivity. The great enhancement of SERS results from the electron transfer between ZnO and Ag and different electromagnetic enhancements of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with different thicknesses. Through the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) theoretical simulation, the enhancement of SERS signal can be ascribed to a strong electric field enhancement produced in the 3D framework. The simplicity and generality of our method offer great advantages for further understanding the SERS mechanism induced by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect.

Charge trapping memory device based on the Ga2O3 films as trapping and blocking layer* *Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61674050 and 61874158), the Top-notch Youth Project in Hebei Province, China (Grant No. BJ2014008), the Outstanding Youth Project of Hebei Province, China (Grant No. F2016201220), the Outstanding Youth Cultivation Project of Hebei University, China

We present a new charge trapping memory (CTM) device with the Au/Ga2O3/SiO2/Si structure, which is fabricated by using the magnetron sputtering, high-temperature annealing, and vacuum evaporation techniques. Transmission electron microscopy diagrams show that the thickness of the SiO2 tunneling layer can be controlled by the annealing temperature. When the devices are annealed at 760 °C, the measured C–V hysteresis curves exhibit a maximum 6 V memory window under a ±13 V sweeping voltage. In addition, a slight degradation of the device voltage and capacitance indicates the robust retention properties of flat-band voltage and high/low state capacitance. These distinctive advantages are attributed to oxygen vacancies and inter-diffusion layers, which play a critical role in the charge trapping process.

Non-Linear Associations of Total and Differential Leukocyte Counts with Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Leukocyte subtypes have unique biological roles, but no study has investigated them in relation to incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Few prospective studies revealed a positive association between total leukocyte count and NAFLD. Whereas the results suggested that their association may not be linear, this possibility has never been tested. Here we investigated the association between peripheral total and differential leukocyte counts and incidence of NAFLD and to detect possible non-linearity. Methods: A prospective cohort study (n=33,618; median: 2.00 y, 95 % CI: 2.87-2.90 y) was conducted in a general population sample from Tianjin, China. Dose-response relations of total and differential leukocyte counts as well as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with incident NAFLD were estimated using restricted cubic spline analysis with Cox proportional hazards model. Results: During the follow-up period, 5,971 participants had a first-ever NAFLD. Total leukocyte count, neutrophil count and NLR were all positively and nonlinearly related to NAFLD (P-non-linearity <0.05). Before reaching certain threshold levels, each one standard deviation increases in them were respectively associated with 19%, 27% and 22% greater risk of NAFLD, which then remained stable thereafter. In addition, a weak positive and linear association was observed between lymphocyte count and NAFLD (P-non-linearity=0.30). Conclusions: We demonstrated for the first time that total leukocyte and neutrophil counts, but not lymphocyte count, were nonlinearly related to NAFLD. Further studies are needed to investigate whether these different association patterns represent different effects of leukocyte subtypes in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Funding Statement: This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91746205, 81673166, 81372118, 81372467 and 81302422), the key technologies R&D program of Tianjin (Key Project: No. 11ZCGYSY05700, 12ZCZDSY20400, 13ZCZDSY20200, and 15YFYZSY00020), the National Science and Technology Support Program (No. 2012BAI02B02), 2012 and 2016 Chinese Nutrition Society Nutrition Research Foundation—DSM Research Fund (No. 2014-071, 2016-046 and 2016-023), the Technologies development program of Beichen District of Tianjin (No. bcws2013-21, bcws2014-05 and 2015-SHGY-02), the technologies project of Tianjin Binhai New Area (No. 2013-02-04 and 2013-02-06), the Science Foundation of Tianjin Medical University (No. 2010KY28 and 2013KYQ24), the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education (No. GW2014-5), and the National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (No. 201510062013), China. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: The Institutional Review Board of the Tianjin Medical University approved this study. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

A theoretical study of a plasmonic sensor comprising a gold nano-disk array on gold film with a SiO2 spacer**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61865008 and 61505074), the Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of Gansu Province, China (Grant No. DC2018002), and the Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of Lanzhou University of Technology (Grant No. DC2018004).

A plasmonic refractive index (RI) sensor with high RI sensitivity based on a gold composite structure is proposed. This composite structure is constructed from a perfect gold nano-disk square array on a gold film, with a SiO2 spacer. The reflection spectra of the composite structure, with analyte RI in the range of 1.30 to 1.40, are theoretically studied using the finite-difference time-domain method. The incident light beam is partly coupled to the localized surface plasmons (LSP) of the single nano-disks and partly transferred to the propagating surface plasmons (PSP) by grating coupling. The reflectivity is nearly zero at the valley of the reflection spectrum because of the strong coupling between LSP and PSP. Also, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of one of the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) modes is very narrow, which is helpful for RI sensing. An RI sensitivity as high as 853 nm/RIU is obtained. The influence of the structure parameters on the RI sensitivity and the sensor figure of merit (FOM) are investigated in detail. We find that the sensor maintains high RI sensitivity over a large range of periods and nano-disk diameters. Results of the theoretical simulation of the composite structure as a plasmonic sensor are promising. Thus, this composite structure could be extensively applied in the fields of biology and chemistry.

Organizational Management Tool Applied in Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program

The undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship training program of China provides a good platform for colleges and universities to developing innovation and entrepreneurship education. This paper applies organizational management tool to design organization structure pattern, project organizational division of labor table and confirm working process of undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship training program, based on organizational management of Heilongjiang Institute of Technology. The practice indicates the applying organizational management methods innovate undergraduate teaching management pattern. Innovation and entrepreneurship education of everyday teaching management safeguards the developing of undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship training program.

Design of Ergonomic Tools for Commercial Laboratory Technicians

Repetitive tasks performed in a commercial laboratory potentially expose lab technicians to repetitive-motion stresses and strains. Our goal was to reduce or eliminate the risk of injuries through design strategies, such as automation, changes in work flow, system design improvements, or ergonomic assist tools. This article describes six undergraduate biomedical engineering student design innovations conceived for solving challenging ergonomics problems at Covance Laboratories in Madison, Wisconsin. Their designs tackled laboratory procedures for administering substances, sampling blood, removing container lids, vortex mixing, cage opening, and automated bioanalytical test tube uncapping. The successful designs were built, tested, and put into practice.

台风灾害下海岸带城市社会-生态系统脆弱性评估——大数据视角

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 台风灾害下海岸带城市社会-生态系统脆弱性评估——大数据视角 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201808101709 作者: 作者单位: 厦门大学环境与生态学院,厦门大学环境与生态学院,厦门大学环境与生态学院,厦门大学环境与生态学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0502904）；厦门大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（103842017103） Vulnerability assessment of urban socio-ecological systems in coastal zones under the influence of typhoons:Big data perspective Author: Affiliation: Xiamen University,,, Fund Project: The National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0502904);The innovation and entrepreneurship training program for undergraduates of Xiamen University (103842017103) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:2016年莫兰蒂台风对厦门城市社会-生态系统造成重创，该系统在灾害影响下的脆弱性成为亟待研究的重要问题。基于新浪微博平台进行大数据挖掘，结合统计年鉴及空间基础数据，建立台风灾害影响下基于暴露-敏感-应对-恢复力体系的海岸带城市社会-生态系统脆弱性指标体系，评估灾前灾后台风对厦门不同地区的影响；同时根据微博大数据的定位信息，对不同受灾信息进行灾情跟踪及分析，结果表明，在本次台风灾害中思明、湖里区表现出的脆弱性较低，而海沧、集美区表现出的脆弱性较高，主要是由于思明、湖里区的应对能力明显高于其他各区，从大数据显示的恢复情况来看，除海沧区外，其他三区在电力方面的恢复速度都较为迅速。研究成果能够为台风灾害背景下的城市脆弱性评价提供新的方法与技术，为灾前防治、灾后恢复提供决策参考。 Abstract:With the increase in the intensity and frequency of natural disasters, the risk and loss assessment of urban natural disasters and the construction of an urban security pattern are becoming more important. Based on social media data from the Sina microblogging platform, statistical yearbook data, and using the ArcGIS software, this study establishes a typhoon disaster vulnerability index for the rapid assessment of the impact of Typhoon "Meranti" on different districts of Xiamen at different stages. The location of a specific microblog information from the microblogging platform is used to track and analyze disaster information. The results show that when facing a typhoon disaster, the Siming and Huli District showed relatively low vulnerability, while Haicang and Jimei District showed higher vulnerability, which is mainly due to the quick response of local government and civil society organization in Siming and Huli District. From a perspective of recovery, except for the Haicang District, the speed of recovery of power in the other districts is relatively rapid. This study provides a new method and technology for the evaluation of typhoon disaster vulnerability, decision reference for pre-disaster control, and post-disaster recovery. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Propagation properties of chirped Airy vortex beams with x-polarization through uniaxial crystals**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11775083 and 11374108), the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates, China, and Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students’ Scientific and Technological Innovation, China (Grant No. pdjh2017b0137).

The propagation dynamics of a chirped Airy vortex (CAiV) beam with x-polarization in uniaxial crystals orthogonal to the optical axis is studied analytically and numerically. The effect of the ratio of extraordinary and ordinary refractive indices, the chirp parameter, as well as the propagation distance is analyzed, which shows that the focused position of the CAiV beams can be controlled through changing the ratio of the extraordinary and ordinary refractive indices. In addition, with the propagation distance increasing, the asymmetry of the intensity and the angular momentum of the CAiV beam during propagation becomes much more visible. The variation of the chirp parameters can change the attenuation velocity of the vortex as well.

Efficient ternary organic solar cells with high absorption coefficient DIB-SQ as the third component**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61675017, 61377029, and 61705161) and the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates, China (Grant No. 170170010).

A series of organic solar cells (OSCs) are prepared with PTB7:PC71BM as the host materials and DIB-SQ as the third component. The power conversion efficienty (PCE) of OSCs can be improved from 6.79% to 7.92% by incorporating 6 wt% DIB-SQ into donors, resulting from the enhanced short circuit current density (JSC) and fill factor (FF). The increased JSC of the optimized ternary OSCs should be attributed to the enhanced photon harvesting of teranry active layer by incorporating DIB-SQ. Meanwhile, FF of the optimized ternary OSCs should be due to the optimied phase separation. The open circuit voltage (VOC) of tenray OSCs can be maintained at a constant of 0.75 V, indicating that all photogenerated holes willl be transported along the channels formed by PTB7.

We Lose in Hake, but Gain in Herring: From Failed Experiments to Exploration and Innovation for Undergraduates

We Lose in Hake, but Gain in Herring: From Failed Experiments to Exploration and Innovation for Undergraduates

Exploration on Innovation and Entrepreneurial Education

At present, undergraduate innovation entrepreneurship education exits some problems, such as thinking too much project, the lack of undergraduates' training their innovation ability, the separation between professional knowledge and education, and theory and practice haven’t much relevant. In this paper, firstly positioning analysis was carried out on the undergraduates' innovative entrepreneurship education, and then the essence and value of entrepreneurship education and innovation was researched, lastly the implementation of creative education path was explored. In order to improve the effectiveness of the education, rationalization proposal of cultivating the ability of strengthening college students' innovative are proposed.

Experimental design to measure the anchoring energy on substrate surface by using the alternating-current bridge**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11374087 and 11504080), the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (Grant Nos. A2014202123 and A2017202004), the Research Project of the Education Department of Hebei Province, China (Grant No. QN2014130), the Key Subject Construction

The anchoring property of the substrate surface of liquid crystal cells plays an important role in display and nondisplay fields. This property directly affects the deformation of liquid crystal molecules to change the phase difference through liquid crystal cells. In this paper, a test method based on the alternating-current bridge is proposed to determine the capacitance of liquid crystal cells and thus measure the anchoring energy of the substrate surface. The anchoring energy can be obtained by comparing the capacitance–voltage curves of twisted nematic liquid crystal cells with different anchoring properties in experimental and theoretical results simulated on the basis of Frank elastic theory. Compared with the other methods to determine the anchoring energy, our proposed method requires a simple treatment of liquid crystal cells and allows easy and high-accuracy measurements, thereby expanding the test ideas on the performance parameters of liquid crystal devices.

Theoretical study of micro-optical structure fabrication based on sample rotation and two-laser-beam interference**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61505074), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CBA01703), the HongLiu Young Teachers Training Program Funded Projects of Lanzhou University of Technology, China (Grant No. Q201509), and the National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of

A method for fabricating a micro-optical structure based on sample rotation and two-laser-beam interference is proposed. The rotation process is analyzed using the coordinate transformation in matrix presentation and the theoretical expressions of the optical field distributions corresponding to different sample rotations. By rotating the samples and changing the laser wavelength, various special micro-optical structures can be obtained, such as equally spaced concentric rings and irregular trapezoidal lattices; these structures are demonstrated by simulating the corresponding optical field distributions. The proposed approach may be developed into a low-cost laser interference lithography technology for the fabrication of various micro-optical structures.

Experiment Study on Elastic Indicator of Thermal Shock Ceramic Materials——Implementation of Students’ Innovative Research Project of Shandong University of Science and Technology

In order to improve the quality of undergraduate education and combine theory and practice, Shandong University of science and technology organized innovative research activities project for undergraduates. Combined with the characteristics of engineering mechanics course, teachers of engineering mechanics teaching and research section guided students to take an active part in scientific research and innovation practice teaching, which has obtained a good teaching effect. This paper introduces the concrete implement process of the college students’ innovative scientific research project “Experiment Study on Elastic Indicator of Thermal Shock Ceramic Materials”, which measures elastic indicator of ceramics using the ultrasonic method. This paper studies elastic indicator change rule of the mullite ceramic samples under different factors such as temperature difference, thermal shock times and so on. Studies have shown that in the condition of air-cooling, with the increase of thermal shock temperature difference and thermal shock times, the elastic modulus value, shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio are in a falling trend. The project implementation have proved that implement undergraduate innovation research projects could effectively arouse students’ learning enthusiasm, cultivate students’ scientific research innovation and analytical abilities to solve practical scientific research problems.

(Invited) Computational Design of Lanthanide-Doped Optical Materials By a Combined DFT and Crystal-Field Approach: Recent Developments and Applications

In the last decades, lanthanide activated luminescent materials for lighting and display applications have been explored and optimized mainly by the cumbersome and costly trial-and-error experimental approach. Nowadays, the quick development of lanthanide spectroscopy theory together with an increase of the computational resources have made it possible to propose a systematical calculation strategy to understand the physics picture behind experiment and build up the link between the structural and optical properties of lanthanide-doped materials. It is well known that density functional theory (DFT) calculations employing the single-particle ground-state picture can provide very sufficiently accurate structural relaxation and the chemical trends that determine the emission energies and the luminescence mechanisms of optical dopants [1], whereas crystal-field (CF) theory calculations can very well reproduce experimentally observed optical spectra, which involve transitions between multi-electronic energy states of lanthanide ions [2]. Therefore, a combined theoretical scheme of modern DFT and conventional CF models has been proposed to give full play to their advantages [3]. In this talk, we will demonstrate how such a combined theoretical scheme supports the recent experimental studies of lanthanide phosphors. Ce3+ and Eu2+ ions will be paid more attention to due to their applications for white LED phosphors. The real reason resulting in the red or blue shift of the lowest 5d-4f emissions of Eu2+ or Ce3+ ions [4] will be analyzed by considering the combined effects of electronic structure and Stokes shift. Moreover, the misunderstanding about the position of the lowest 4f65d energy level in the 4f-5d excitation spectra of Eu2+ ions will be clarified, and thus the Stokes shift can be properly reproduced and further fed into understanding the electron-phonon coupling effect of Eu2+ ions with host lattices [5]. The successful application to the solid solution phosphors Ca2(Al1-x Mg x )(Al1-x Si1+x )O7: Eu2+will be shown in order to highlight the role of the theoretical work in the discovery of novel lanthanide phosphors [6]. Final, the recent developments and future challenges of the combined theoretical scheme will be given and commented, which include the first-principles structural determination of the 5d excited states of lanthanide ions and reproduction of the lowest charge transfer transition energy and its Stokes shift. Acknowledgements: The work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11204393), Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing (Grant No. CSTC2014JCYJA50034) and National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (Grant No. 201410617001).

First-principles study on the electronic, elastic and thermodynamic properties of three novel germanium nitrides**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61475132, 11475143, 61501392, 11304141) and the National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (No. 201510477001).

The ultrasoft pseudo-potential plane wave method combined with the quasi-harmonic approach have been used to study the electronic, elastic and thermodynamic properties of the tetragonal, monoclinic and orthorhombic Ge3N4. The negative formation enthalpies, the satisfactory of Born's criteria and the linear variations of elastic constants with pressure indicate that the three polymorphs can retain their stabilities in the pressure range of 0–25 GPa. The three Ge3N4 are brittle solids at 0 GPa, while they behave in ductile manners in the pressure range of 5–25 GPa. t- and o-Ge3N4 are hard materials but anisotropic. m-Ge3N4 has the largest ductility among the three phases. The results reveal that m-Ge3N4 belongs to an indirect band gap semiconductor, while t- and o-Ge3N4 have direct band gaps. For the thermal properties, several interesting features can be observed above 300 K. o-Ge3N4 exhibits the largest heat capacity, while m-Ge3N4 shows the highest Debye temperature. The results predicted in this work can provide reference data for future experiments.

Lie Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws of a Generalized Time Fractional Foam Drainage Equation**Supported by the National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates under Grant No. 201410290039, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant Nos. 2015QNA53 and 2015XKQY14, the Fundamental Research Funds for Postdoctoral at the Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal

In this paper, a generalized time fractional nonlinear foam drainage equation is investigated by means of the Lie group analysis method. Based on the Riemann—Liouville derivative, the Lie point symmetries and symmetry reductions of the equation are derived, respectively. Furthermore, conservation laws with two kinds of independent variables of the equation are performed by making use of the nonlinear self-adjointness method.