Indicators Of Innovation Activity Research Articles

MAIN TRENDS OF INVESTMENT AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

The subject of the research in the article is the main tendencies of investment and innovation activity of business entities. The purpose of the work is to determine the main tendencies of investment and innovation activity of economic entities at the international, macro and microeconomic levels in the conditions of European integration with application of methods of economical and mathematical modeling. Task: definition of integral indicator of investment and innovation activity of economic entities at international, macro and microeconomic levels. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: abstract-logical method, method of analysis and synthesis, logical-content analysis - formation and substantiation of the system of indicators of evaluation of investment and innovation activity of subjects of management; generalization and abstracting - the study of categorical apparatus of investment and innovation activity of business entities, multidimensional factor analysis - for the classification and systematization of the space of signs of research and the grouping of factors by their economic content. The following results are obtained: to increase the objectivity and reliability of the analysis, the corresponding integral indicators characterizing each level are combined into a generalized integral index of investment and innovation activity of economic entities, calculated by the method of additive convolution, taking into account the coefficients of significance of each level. Significance is determined on the basis of the use of expert survey method taking into account the predominance: for foreign investments and for domestic investments. Conclusions: the theoretical and methodical approach to the definition of investment and innovation activity of economic entities is proposed, which provides the opportunity to determine the most influential factors on the level of investment-innovation activity economic entities at the international, macro- and microeconomic levels in the context of European integration and provides an integrated valuations taking into account the predominance of foreign or domestic investment, which contributes to the adoption of sound management decisions.

MARKETING ASPECTS OF INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT IN REGIONS

In the article the essence of the concept of innovation potential and its regional features are considered. The author analyzes the main factors of stimulation and restraint of realization of innovation potential of regions. As a result of their selection of the marketing component, their role in managing the innovative development of the regions was substantiated. The author describes the main marketing strategies of innovation development of regions and their components. The analysis of the driving forces of economic development in recent decades has shown that the leading positions of the countries are decisively determined by innovation factors. They are the basis for the dynamic development of individual enterprises, regions, countries, and the whole world economy as a whole. Marketing criterion assessment of innovative potential is a powerful tool for the successful development of the region's capabilities, especially useful for regions characterized by high indicators of innovation activity. Marketing aspects of innovation development in the region can become the basis for attracting investment, forming a positive image and overall economic development. Regional marketing allows to assess the current market situation, to forecast the prospects of promoting regional innovative products, to take measures to create a positive image of the region and strengthen its competitive advantages. Therefore, it is important to note that marketing tools for stimulating innovation development should be applied at the regional level, as they promote: realization of innovative potential of the region, increase of attractiveness of the region for large innovative companies, satisfaction of needs of target markets through creation of innovative products, development of the relationship of innovative business with scientific organizations and regional authorities. Thus, the role of marketing in the socio-economic development of innovation and intellectual-oriented regional systems is decisive.

Composite value index of trademark indicators

The paper presents a novel approach for the valuation of trademark protection using maintenance and renewal decision data. In particular, historical information on trademark fees was used to estimate an optimal decision model for trademark valuation (Schankerman 1998). Furthermore, the paper analyses a trademark's value determinants and introduces a composite value index, following the methodology proposed by Lanjouw and Schankerman (2004). This index combines fifteen distinct indicators regarding a mark's activity and protection breadth and filing and procedural aspects. More broadly, this paper contributes to the IP literature on devising timely indicators of innovative activities.

ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN INDICATORS OF INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT AS THE BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF MARKETING STRATEGIC ACTIVITY OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES

The development and strengthening of the domestic industrial complex as a whole and of individual economic entities will be facilitated by the focus on the production of competitive high-tech intellectual products. Industrial enterprises should aim to produce products that will be in demand in the domestic and foreign markets, providing a significant proportion of gross value added and profit. The article analyzes the main indicators of industrial development of Ukraine (index of industrial production, volume of industrial products sold, profitability of operating activity of industrial enterprises, capital investments of industry, indicators of innovative activity in industry, share of industrial enterprises that have received profit, number of industrial enterprises, number of employed workers at industrial enterprises). Analysis of the main indicators of the development and functioning of domestic industrial enterprises determines the relevance of the implementation of appropriate marketing policy. Marketing policy should be a part of the general policy of industrial enterprises and foresee the development of measures aimed at modernizing market and product strategies. When developing measures of marketing strategic activity of domestic industrial enterprises, the following was taken into account: the existing potential of domestic enterprises in the market of industrial products of Ukraine and their strategic capabilities. According to the results of the analysis, a set of priority tasks aimed at the effective development of the domestic industry has been formed, the main components of marketing strategic activity of industrial enterprises have been identified and the prospects for further research have been formulated. Key words: mechanical engineering, competitiveness, strategic marketing activities, industrial enterprise.

Innovative Activities of SMEs in Russia: Constraints and Growth Factors

Puprose: The article is aimed at comprehensive study of small enterprises’ innovative activity in Russia and highlights the key constraints factors as well as factors promoting small business innovative activity. Design/Methodology/Approach: We conduct a review of modern domestic and foreign studies on innovative development of SMEs their components and factors to give a comparative description of the innovation activity of SMEs in Russia and the EU countries. We also consider the factors of innovation activity of SMEs in Russia, to identify their regional differences, and to determine the prospects for the innovation activity of small businesses in Russia. The methodological approach is based on the exploration analysis procedures, principal component analysis (PCA), multidimentional classification and logicitic regression. Findings: This analysis revealed that Russian small enterprises are characterized by lower indicators of innovation activity than in many developed countries. The constraints to the growth of the innovation activity of small businesses in Russia are the insufficient level of development of credit financing and the backlog of the production and technological bases. Practical implications: This approach could be used in the development of promotion measures for new innovative process participants, taking into account the regional context. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study is that the approach can be used in the course of the study to confirm regional differences in the innovative development of small enterprises and allows to identify three clusters with different indicators of the innovative activity of small businesses.

Причинно-наслідкові зв’язки між показниками інноваційно-інвестиційної діяльності регіону

Причинно-наслідкові зв’язки між показниками інноваційно-інвестиційної діяльності регіону

SCIENCE AND EDUCATION OF THE REGION: THE ECOSYSTEM PERSPECTIVE (THE CASE OF THE KRASNOYARSK TERRITORY)

The article discusses the prospects for the formation of an ecosystem of education, science and innovation in the area of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The modern context of cooperation between universities and scientific organizations with industrial companies in the field of R&D and training is considered. The perspective of cooperation is set by digitalization of production, by «cognitivization» of large systems, and by deep institutional transformation – that is, by the spread of network formats for the organization of production, consumption and management. On the basis of digital technologies, a new type of cooperation is being formed – intellectual ecosystems uniting production, scientific and educational organizations with governing bodies. The article considers the existing ideas about «business ecosystems», «innovation ecosystems», and the characteristic features of these ecosystems. In order to study the prospects for the formation of an ecosystem of education, science and innovation in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 1) a comparative analysis of the indicators of scientific and innovative activity in the region is carried out; 2) the scope and prospects of interaction of universities, research institutions and business in the region are assessed. The basis of this assessment is a questionnaire survey of representatives of large companies, leading universities and research organizations in the region. The priorities of business in the field of R&D and consulting, training and retraining of personnel are identified, the financing of R&D and consulting from companies over the past 5 years and planned funding for the next 5 years are estimated. The possible structure of the scientific and educational ecosystem of the Krasnoyarsk Territory is presented, including universities and academic institutions, technology companies, leading scientific and technological centers, technological consortia, negotiation platforms for science and business, elements of the innovation infrastructure, state authorities, management structures and communications. Within this ecosystem, the Expert institution «Yenisei Siberia», Research and Education Center «Yenisei Siberia: Industry 4.0» (uniting universities, research institutes and high-tech companies), Innovation Scientific and Technological Center of the Krasnoyarsk Territory should become special institutions.

Cost structure – an important indicator of innovation activity in agro-industrial complex (by the example of crop production)

In agro-industrial complex, cost structure is of strategic importance, because it allows to determine the level of innovation activity. The study revealed diversified influence of the innovation factor (acceleration of scientific and technological progress) on the cost structure and, first of all, on the change in the ratio of share of direct labor and materialized labor in favor of the latter. Implementation of the achievements of scientific and technological progress in enterprise activities leads to a reduction in the cost of direct labor and, at the same time, to an increase in its value due to the growth of qualification requirements. Furthermore, the innovative development of enterprises assumes the implementation of intensive technologies and the acquisition of more productive equipment. In the research, all the main agricultural crops in the Pskov region (Russia) are divided into groups according to the share of direct labor and materialized labor. The effectiveness of innovative development is determined by: ratio of the savings from reduction of direct labor costs to the effect from implementation of the innovations, which have affected this reduction; ratio of the savings from reduction of material costs and energy costs to the effect from implementation of the expensive technological innovations, which have affected this reduction.

DETERMINATION OF REGULARITY OF CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF INNOVATION ACTIVITY ON DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX OF UKRAINE

The purpose of this article is to investigate the current state and dynamics of technical, energy capacities, labor resources and wages in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises, the impact of these indicators on efficiency of agricultural production, indicators of development and competitiveness of products on the domestic and foreign markets. The moral and physical deterioration of the equipment available at the farms is determined, which does not contribute to the increase of labor productivity and to obtaining consistently high economic results. On the basis of the dynamics of the analyzed statistical data, the problem of providing agricultural producers with labor resources was confirmed against the background of deepening of depopulation processes in the countryside, which led to the deterioration of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human resources. Indicators of development and production rates of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine have been investigated, that showed a low level of innovation implementation. Mathematical formalization of the relationship between the dynamics of changes in the gross value added indicators and the volume of sales of agricultural products is carried out. Based on the analysis of innovative activity indicators in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and the consistent assessment of the adequacy of linear and nonlinear pair equations, the model specification is presented, which is presented in the form of linear pair regression, which confirms the existence of a direct link between changes in the volume of sales in the agrarian sector.

Intellectual capital development and protection assessment for institutions of higher education in Еastern Ukraine

Modern empirical research on intellectual capital (IC) is related to the establishment of the mutual influence between its components, as well as its impact on the performance of business entities. The purpose of the article is to compare the intellectual capital components and the interpretation of their dynamic influence on the IC development level of the institution of higher education (IHE) in the conditions of reduction of one of the IC components or a sharp drop in the volume of services rendered. Methodology. The development and protection investigation of the IC components provided a factor analysis (the main component method) of the key indicators of the IHE activity. Based on the normalized values of the input indicators and their weights, the integral index of development and protection for the IC components for a certain IHE was calculated based on the results of the factor load research. With the input parameters normalization, some of them could be zero, so in order to prevent the zero values of the integral index of development and protection of the individual component and the IC as a whole, normalized additive convolution was used for their calculations. To interpret their meanings, a scale was developed for assessing the different levels of the IC development and protection in the range from [-1 to 1]. Results. Under evacuation conditions, with a significant reduction in activity and a drop in productivity, the actual state of client capital development and protection depended on the ability of the university to recover or not to lose students. The level of human capital protection was determined by the ability to increase its level quickly at the expense of external resources, and the level of innovative capital protection – with the ability to restore or maintain the indicators of innovation and scientific activity. The values of integral indicators of development and protection as for the IC components fluctuated within [-0.9, 1] and correspond to real tendencies in the activity of the IHE after their forced territorial movement. But among the IHEs there was simultaneously the same (either positive or negative) dynamics of integral indicators of human and innovative capital. A similar pattern is confirmed by studies in the activities of industrial companies and financial institutions. Practical implications. The proposed method for determining the IC development and protection level is universal and may take into account different indicator combinations depending on the management objectives of the IHE. In addition, due to the problem factors normalization including in the analysis of indicators with different units of measurement does not occur. As well as the use of relative indicators, it is possible to match their meaning for different scale of institutions activity. Value / originality. The method involves conducting a non-financial analysis of the IC components, and also is not based on subjective values of the indicators, which is typical for expert methods with a score scale.

The level of innovative activity of industrial enterprises: methodical approach to assessing

The importance of innovation in ensuring economic growth requires data collection on their implementation, monitoring, and evaluation on that basis the innovative processes. Systematic tracking of various forms of enterprises’ innovation activity, innovation costs and their consequences develop the understanding of innovation processes and make it possible to identify their impact on different parameters of socio-economic activities. In developed countries as early as the 1960s were initiated discussions on the problem of evaluation the innovations’ effectiveness. Ukrainian statistics also provides information on innovations. However, the methodology for calculating the summary innovation index, approved by the State statistics service of Ukraine, can be used mainly for evaluation of industries’ and regions’ levels of innovative development, but it is less suitable for evaluation of the individual enterprises’ innovation activity.From this perspective, taking into account the analysis of the scientific literature on the research subject, an author's methodology for evaluating the industrial enterprises’ innovation activity is proposed. The methodology is based on a comparison of the basic parameters of enterprises’ innovative activity with the average values for industry as a whole. It has been determined that industrial enterprises and branches under consideration have a contradictory dynamics in the implementation of innovation. Compared to 2013, the integral estimation of innovation activity has increased the most in extractive industries and in the least extent - in the production of electrical equipment. In the majority of spheres, such output indicators as sales volume of innovative production, including new-to-market sales, are low.The novelty of the proposed approach to the integrated assessment of innovation activities of industrial enterprises is in focusing on the work of innovatively-active enterprises with involvement to analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of innovation activity in both physical and monetary terms, normalized to averaged values throughout the industry or type of industrial activity. The offered approach allows evaluating the innovation activity of a separateenterprise compared to other industrial innovatively-active enterprises, to identify the subject areas of its achievement, or lagging.Conducted evaluations showed that in potentially innovative industries (chemical industry and production of electrical equipment) that are chosen for analysis, there is no significant progress in the development of enterprises’ innovative activity, which requires more in-depth analysis of the causes of lagging behind on selected number of indicators and development of a set of measures to overcome them.

Закупки инновационной продукции в системе инновационно-инвестиционной политики государства

<span>Автор, опираясь на существующие исследования мировой практики реализации инновационно-инвестиционной политики, определяет модель такой политики, практикуемую в России, как неоклассическую, базирующуюся на прямом перераспределении ресурсов. Некоторые аспекты реализации этой модели показаны на примере Ростовской области. Проведен анализ динамики среднегодовой выработки на одного работника крупных и средних организаций по шести инновационным кластерам области, выявлены основные факторы, влияющие на изменение показателей инновационной деятельности региона. В качестве важнейшего инструмента инновационно-инвестиционной политики идентифицированы закупки инновационной продукции для государственных, муниципальных и корпоративных (регулируемых организаций госсектора) нужд. На основе аудита эффектов формирования единой контрактной системы выделены противоречия и сохраняющиеся проблемные зоны закупок инновационной продукции для нужд общественного сектора. Предложены приоритетные направления стимулирования спроса на инновации со стороны его организаций.</span>

An Investigation into the Advisability of Using Concessional Taxation to Galvanize Innovation-Driven Economic Development

To ensure the effective operation of its enterprises and its economy as a whole, Kazakhstan needs innovations. Galvanizing innovation-driven development through tax incentives requires active input on the part of the state. However, creating favorable conditions for innovation-driven development in the country through tax incentives may require exploring the actual advisability of employing them, as making ill-reasoned decisions about the issue may result in undesirable consequences. This paper analyzes some of the key indicators of innovation activity in enterprises in Kazakhstan and examines the experience of stimulating R&D via tax incentives in the US and the countries of Europe. The work puts forward a set of recommendations on using tax incentives to drive innovation activity in Kazakhstan.

Technological innovation as a factor of sustainable economic development of the region

The article explains the necessity and important role of innovation in industry and shows their impact on economy. There are indicators characterizing the position of Russian highly technological products on global market. Causes of low competitiveness of Russian producers were revealed. The article demonstrates the importance of new technologies for attaining sustainable development of industrial enterprises and analyzes indicators of innovation activity, which discloses the uneven development of the innovation system in different regions of the country. The authors ground the necessity of Russian industry passing over to a new level of development and identify the key lines in shaping the innovative infrastructure of regions. They underline specific features of pursuing innovation policy in Russia, highlight principle problems hindering the development of innovation processes and propose ways of their overcoming. A set of measures was designed aimed at smoothing out the lag of private sector development from the state one and at stimulating research and developments in the private sector. Research findings can be used to correct regional strategies of innovation development.

Only one way to skin a cat? Heterogeneity and equifinality in European national innovation systems

One of the most significant results of the qualitative literature on national systems of innovation (NSIs) is that different systemic arrangements (i.e. configurations of actors and institutions) can deliver similar levels of innovative performance. Using factor analysis on a novel dataset of 29 quantitative indicators of innovative activities we provide an empirical characterization of the structure of European NSIs over the last ten years. Our results cast doubt on the empirical significance of the “equifinality” of heterogeneous systemic arrangements in the context of NSI. Innovation systems show inherent complexity, which leads to a high level of complementarity among their constituent components and configuration. This result implies that successful innovation policies should be systemic, leaving little flexibility in policy design and scope.

Personnel Development in Chinese Innovation-Active Companies

This article is devoted to an analysis of the mechanisms and tools that promote innovative activity at Chinese companies. We describe and evaluate the model of the Chinese innovation ecosystem with its major subsystems and their interconnections. Personnel training and development are considered an element of the subsystem “Education” within the innovation ecosystem, which serve as tools for the formation of human resources to ensure the transformation of the national economy into a global center of innovation. The authors analyze the main challenges connected with level of development of the environment and the socioeconomic institutions that may impede the effective management of human resources and the various practices for training personnel at innovative companies in China. The data analyzed for this empirical study on training and development practices includes structured interviews at 60 medium and large innovative companies in China. Objective economic indicators of innovative activity were taken as measures. The analysis results allow one to identify four clusters of companies: “Innovators,” “Leader in Training,” “Stars,” and “Lagging behind,” describing the different company approaches to providing personnel training and development. Clusters vary in quantitative and qualitative indicators for personnel training and development processes, as well as economic indicators of innovation activity. The results prove that a relationship exists between approaches to personnel training and development and innovative activity results and suggest that training and development initiatives are effective tools for managing innovative companies.

Innovations and culture: Importance of the analysis methodology

The paper is devoted to the analysis of conclusiveness of assertions that national cultural values influence the levels of national and regional economies, firms, and individuals innovative activity. These assertions are based on correlations between societal values and some innovative activity indicators, while presumable mechanisms of that impact are not described and empirically verified. It is shown that national culture representation by societal values is irrelevant, whereby any statements about culture influence on innovations appear unjustified. It means that additional studies relaying on different culture representations are necessary to understand what exactly and how components of national culture affect innovations.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF RE-ENGINEERING BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF MARKETING ACTIVITY OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE TO ENSURE ITS EFFICIENT INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY

The subject matter of the study is the principle of organization of innovative activity of domestic industrial enterprises and functional links between marketing and innovation activities in the process of re-engineering business processes. The goal of the article is to reveal the organizational and economic potential for attracting business process re-engineering in the marketing activities of industrial enterprises to ensure efficient innovative marketing in particular and effective innovative activity in general. The following tasks were solved in the article: statistical indicators of innovative activity of domestic industrial enterprises and corresponding sources of financing were investigated; scientific works on the topic of innovative marketing, innovation marketing, the innovative component of re-engineering and re-engineering of business processes in marketing activities were studied and analyzed. The following methods were used: the comparative analysis, system approach, statistical analysis. The following results were obtained. Ukrainian industrial enterprises lack innovations. Enterprises should independently find out how to ensure efficient innovations using the available resource potential. Innovations is a clearly defined benchmark for the industry and moreover, innovations should take place not only in technologies and the final product but also in management. All these factors require involving radical innovations which include the re-engineering of business processes. In the period of crucial changes in both internal and external business environment, marketing should become responsible for adapting the enterprise to new principles of operation. Thus, a number of activities in the area of marketing and innovation were listed, the innovative function of marketing of industrial enterprises was specified and the theoretical and methodical approach to the innovative marketing of industrial enterprises in the process of re-engineering business processes was upgraded. Conclusions. Re-engineering business processes in the context of industrial enterprise marketing include a significant organizational and economic potential that can be used to ensure the efficient innovative marketing in particular and the efficient innovative activity in general.

GLOBAL INNOVATION SPACE FORMАTION

Relevance of the article is due to the dynamic processes of the formation of a global innovation space (GIS), which links the intellectual activity of the countries of the world into a single system and expands the possibilities for international cooperation. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends in the formation of the GIS and to determine, on this basis, key areas for the effective entry into it of each country. In the article used the methodology of comparative analysis and assessment of the dynamics of key indicators of innovation activity of the leading countries of the world (2007–2017). Results: the main trends in the development of the GIS were revealed; the directions of effective participation of each country in the ISU are substantiated taking into account the requirements of world ratings, intensification of competition for achievement of leadership positions at the global level.

РЕЙТИНГУВАННЯ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ ЗА РІВНЕМ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ ПЕРЕВАГ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

The magnitude and heterogeneity of the industrial sector of the national economy requires its in-depth research in a regional dimension. The urgency of this problem is due to increased competition in world markets and the spread of globalization processes. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the activity and efficiency of the functioning of the industrial sector of the economy of the regions of Ukraine and build the rating of the latter on the level of competitive advantages of the industry. Using the author’s methodical approach, integral indices of competitive advantages characterizing activity (production, export, investment, capital, innovation) and efficiency (resource and economic) of Ukraine are calculated. According to the results of the calculation, the grouping of regions by the level of efficiency and activity of the functioning of the industrial sector of the economy has been carried out. The indices of competitive advantages are reduced to the general integral index, based on which values the regional ranking is based on the level of competitiveness of the industry. The key trends of development of domestic industrial production in the regional section are determined. It was determined that in 2016 the growth of values of such indicators was achieved in the most regions of Ukraine: the share of industrial production in the volume of sales of products (goods and services), the growth rates of capital investments in industry, growth rates of non-current assets, return on assets, labor productivity, profitability of operating activities, as well as indicators of innovation activity. At the same time, there was a decrease in the growth rate of the volume of industrial products sold, the share of non-current assets in assets, the share of industry in the total volume of direct foreign investments and the growth rates of the latter, as well as indicators of export activity. In general, the results of the integrated assessment of the competitive advantages of the industry in the regions of Ukraine provide an opportunity to create an objective analytical basis for making informed managerial decisions regarding the formation of a strategy for the development of the industrial sector of the national economy, in particular at the regional level. REFERENCES: 1. Porter M.E. Competitive Advantage. Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. Free Press, New York, 1985. 557 p.2. Competition in Global Industries. Edited by Michael E. Porter. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1986. 581 p.3. Dunning J.H. The Globalization of Firms and the Competitiveness of Countries: Some Implications for the Theory of International Production, Crafoord Lectures 2, Institute of Economic Research, Lund University Press, Sweden, 1990.4. Dunning J.H. Alliance Capitalism and Global Business. London: Routledge, 1997. 400 p.5. Implementatsiia Uhody pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu ta YeS: ekonomichni vyklyky ta novi mozhlyvosti : naukova dopovid. Za red. V.M. Heitsia ta T.O. Ostashko. Kyiv, 2016. 184 s. [in Ukrainian].6. Shynkaruk L.V., Bevz I.A., Baranovska I.V. ta in. Strukturni transformatsii v ekonomitsi Ukrainy: dynamika, superechnosti ta vplyv na ekonomichnyi rozvytok: naukova dopovid. Za red. L.V. Shynkaruk. Kyiv, 2015. 304 s. [in Ukrainian].7. Implementatsiia Uhody pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu ta YeS: rekomendatsii na osnovi dosvidu krain Skhidnoi Yevropy: naukova dopovid. Za red. V.M. Heitsia, A.I. Danylenka, T.O. Ostashko. Kyiv, 2015. 104 s. [in Ukrainian].8. Ishchuk S.O., Sozanskyi L.I., Mikhel R.V., Byrka M.I. Konkurentospromozhnist promyslovosti rehioniv Ukrainy. Nauk. red. S.O. Ishchuk. Lviv, 2016. 73 s. [in Ukrainian].9. Metodyka rozrakhunku intehralnykh rehionalnykh indeksiv ekonomichnoho rozvytku, zatverdzhena Nakazom Derzhavnoho komitetu statystyky Ukrainy vid 15.04.2003 No. 114 (vtratyv chynnist). LihaZakon. URL: http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/FIN7184.html [in Ukrainian].