Land Transport Research Articles

Modeling of the effect of transportation system accessibility on residential real estate prices: The case of Washington metropolitan area, USA

Deep learning accurate predictions of house prices are essential for prospective homeowners, investors, appraisers, and insurers. However, some studies lack accuracy as they overlook critical factors like accessibility and economic attributes that influence house prices. This paper aims to predict house prices by considering structural, locational, accessibility, and economic attributes, while also exploring the effect of accessibility on housing prices. The dataset contains 2,019,663 real estate transaction records from 1975 to 2018 in the Washington metropolitan area, obtained from the Zillow website. In this study, the accessibility index is calculated using Distance, Cumulative Opportunities, and Gravity measures, with the gravity measure surpassing others due to its consideration of both land use and transportation aspects. Economic attributes are then utilized to predict the average monthly house price using deep learning algorithms such as LSTM, GRU, and Simple RNN, with the Simple RNN demonstrating superior performance. Following the amalgamation of structural and locational attributes with the accessibility index and average house prices, various machine learning algorithms—including Linear Regression, Lasso, Ridge, Random Forest, GBM, LightGBM, XGBoost, Decision Tree, AdaBoost, Artificial Neural Network, and Stacked Generalization—are employed for prediction. Subsequent evaluation reveals that Stacked Generalization (ANN + LightGBM) provides the best performance, with an R-squared value of 0.96 and RMSE of $23,290. Moreover, this paper identifies accessibility index thresholds (80,003 for large buildings and 160,103 for small buildings) and demonstrates that a higher accessibility index leads to lower housing prices, attributed to noise pollution, decreased privacy, and increased supply responses.

Optimization method for collision avoidance paths of inland ships based on improved ant colony algorithm

Optimization method for collision avoidance paths of inland ships based on improved ant colony algorithm

Urban Air Mobility for Last-Mile Transportation: A Review

Urban air mobility (UAM) is a revolutionary approach to transportation in densely populated cities. UAM involves using small, highly automated aircraft to transport passengers and goods at lower altitudes within urban and suburban areas, aiming to transform how people and parcels move within these environments. On average, UAM can reduce travel times by 30% to 40% for point-to-point journeys, with even greater reductions of 40% to 50% in major cities in the United States and China, compared to land transport. UAM includes advanced airborne transportation options like electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones). These technologies offer the potential to ease traffic congestion, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and substantially cut travel times in urban areas. Studying the applications of eVTOLs and UAVs in parcel delivery and passenger transportation poses intricate challenges when examined through the lens of operations research (OR). By OR approaches, we mean mathematical programming, models, and solution methods addressing eVTOL- and UAV-aided parcel/people transportation problems. Despite the academic and practical importance, there is no review paper on eVTOL- and UAV-based optimization problems in the UAM sector. The present paper, applying a systematic literature review, develops a classification scheme for these problems, dividing them into routing and scheduling of eVTOLs and UAVs, infrastructure planning, safety and security, and the trade-off between efficiency and sustainability. The OR methodologies and the characteristics of the solution methods proposed for each problem are discussed. Finally, the study gaps and future research directions are presented alongside the concluding remarks.

High-speed trains in Japan in the years 2002–2020

High-speed trains are the most modern and advanced technology for moving passengers in land transport. Their main advantage is that they achieve high speeds, usually from over 200 to 300 km/h, which significantly shortens the travel time in relation to the time needed to cover the same distance by conventional trains. The article presents the development of high-speed rail in Japan, an island country located within the ring of fire of the Pacific. The analysis of the technical condition and the stages of historical development of high-speed railways were preceded by an assessment of the economy and transport as well as a study of transport intensity. The summary of the article includes the effects and benefits of using high-speed rail, as well as methods of financing and plans for further development.

Evaluation of Denpasar Type C Terminal Facilities to Improve Quality and Efficiency

In 2016, Ubung Denpasar Terminal transitioned from Type A to Type C, as determined by the Mayor of Denpasar through Decree Number 188.45/1060/HK/2016. Located on Jalan Cokroaminoto, Ubung Village, North Denpasar District, Denpasar City, this terminal serves as a vital transportation hub. However, due to infrastructure problems and damage, all Inter- Provincial Buses ceased operations at Ubung Terminal. Consequently, the terminal now exclusively serves mini/micro buses within the province and Trans Metro Dewata in Bali Province. To address the terminal’s needs, comprehensive research was initiated to evaluate facility shortages through inventory analysis. Using a qualitative descriptive analysis methodology, the research aims to identify improvement areas, aligning with the technical guidelines in the Decree of the Directorate General of Land Transportation Number 271/ HK.105/DRJD/96 concerning technical specifications for public passenger vehicle stops. The expected outcomes are to enhance the functionality, safety, and comfort of Ubung Terminal, thereby increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of public transportation services in Denpasar

Studi Probabilitas Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Kereta Api Eksekutif Gajayana dan Kereta Api Eksekutif Jayabaya dengan Rute Jakarta-Malang

The train is a means of land transportation that continues to experience improvements in its services. Services and regulations change with the times, thus making PT. The Railways are making efforts to improve quality in terms of service, comfort and safety where all trains use AC facilities and eliminate all hawkers who sell on trains and at train stations in order to provide comfort to passengers. From these changes, each mode of transportation, especially the Gajayana Executive Train and the Jayabaya Executive Train, has different characteristics in terms of travel time and travel fare. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the probability of train selection based on the factors reviewed by distributing questionnaires and using the Stated Preference method to obtain primary data. The data obtained was then analyzed using Binomial Logit regression with Microsoft Excel software. From this research, significant results were obtained regarding the probability value of choosing a mode of transportation based on the difference in ticket prices of IDR. 40,000,- then the PKAG probability value is 0.226 and the PKAJ probability value is 0.774. So it can be concluded that respondents have more interest in the Jayabaya Executive Train because ticket prices are cheaper than the Gajayana Executive Train. Meanwhile, the probability value for choosing a mode of transportation is based on the travel time difference of -62 minutes, so the PKAG probability value is 0.904 and the PKAJ probability value is 0.096. So it can be concluded that respondents have more interest in the Gajayana Executive Train because the travel time is faster.

Transport statutes in the system of sources of law of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the issues of transport statutes as sources of transport law of Ukraine, their validity and ability to effectively regulate social relations in the field of railway, road, and inland water transport, taking into account the changes that have occurred in social, political and socio-economic life over the past time on the restoration of Ukraine’s independence in 1991. The author analyzes the formal preservation of the validity of the relevant legislative acts of the Soviet era, taking into account the normative legal acts adopted in 1991 on a legal succession of Ukraine. The author emphasizes that from a formal and legal point of view, the transport statutes of the Soviet era remain valid, however, due to the contradiction of a significant part of their norms with the legislation adopted later, these normative legal acts are increasingly losing their legal influence on social legal relations and are subject to the action of such a phenomenon as “forgetting the rules of law”. At the same time, it was noted that proposals to abandon transport statutes in favor of a cumbersome codification of transport law norms (by raising the norms of statutes to the level of law) are irrational since an overly detailed Transport Code of Ukraine or codes of laws in the fields of road, rail or inland water transport will not be simple in use and will not meet the technical and legal requirements to the law. As a result, the author concludes that transport statutes in general are necessary regulatory legal acts. Still, their current editions are to a large extent morally outdated and such that they urgently need a radical revision to bring them into line with the changed norms of the legislation of Ukraine and take into account the need for adaptation of the national legal system to the law of the European Union. Thus, the application of their current editions in practical activities should be carried out after a thorough legal examination for the relevance of certain provisions.

Impact Analysis of Implementing School Safe Zones (Case Study: ZoSS at SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang)

The Padang city government has implemented the ZoSS program for two schools located close to each other in Koto Tangah District, namely SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang located on Jalan Adinegoro, Batipuh Panjang District. However, the function of the presence of ZoSS in these two schools is considered to be ineffective because there are still many motorbike drivers who travel at speeds exceeding the permitted speed limit when crossing the ZoSS area, even though the facilities are in accordance with the Director General of Land Transportation's regulations Number: SK3582/AJ.403/DRJD/2018. Therefore, the research aims to review the impact of implementing ZoSS on the speed of motorized vehicles and the characteristics of road crossing behavior on ZoSS in this area. The data used was obtained by conducting surveys and direct observations in the field. The survey carried out included a survey of instantaneous speed data (spot speed) of vehicles when crossing the ZoSS, and a survey of the characteristics of road crossing behavior on the ZoSS. after school.The results of the research concluded that the implementation of the ZoSS program at SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang, located on Jalan Adinegoro, was considered ineffective in terms of motor vehicle speed, because it exceeded the maximum speed limit (30 km /hour) when crossing the ZoSS with an average speed of 46.75 km/hour with the percentage of vehicles complying with the permitted speed still below 50%, and the behavior of pedestrians when crossing in the ZoSS area is categorized as "not yet safe" so there is the potential for accidents.Regulation.

Alternative Procurement Processes in the Land Transportation Office (LTO) Region V

This study determined the alternative procurement processes in the Land Transportation Office (LTO) Region V. Specifically, it answered the following sub-problems: 1) What are the alternative procurement processes employed in the Land Transportation Office Region V?; 2) What is the level of compliance with the alternative procurement processes along negotiated procurement in terms of small value and lease of real property and venue as well as shopping?; 3) What are the completed procurement projects from fiscal year 2022- 2023?; 4) What are the issues in alternative procurement processes met by the respondents?; and 5) What agency procurement plan may be proposed to address the issues? This research study utilized the descriptive-survey method of research. It is descriptive for it presents the alternative procurement processes in the Land Transportation Office in Region V. This employs the survey design since it used a questionnaire to collect information using pre-identified indicators. The researcher also identified the completed procurement projects of the office from fiscal years 2022-2023. The issues on alternative procurement processes are also a part of this study. The respondents of this study are thirty- five (35) regular as well as non-regular employees of the Land Transportation Office Region V. Total enumeration was employed. The statistical measures used are frequency count, percentage, weighted mean and ranking.

Quality Analysis of The Road Widening Project Towards Standards for The Grobogan Road Section - Jember District Limit (Link. 199)

Roads are a land transportation route that has been used since ancient times as a means for people to move places using existing transportation. In road construction efforts, it is necessary to have Standard Operating Procedures, or SOPs, that are used with the aim of improving worker performance, ensuring road quality, increasing profits, and company development. SOP is a method or work flow that has been standardized, is used as binding and directive instructions, and covers things from an activity that has steps or procedures. Currently, there are still many road work projects that are carried out without paying attention to existing SOPs, and this means that the quality of the concrete roads being made does not comply with applicable standards, which means that some parties may experience losses. There needs to be a good understanding of how SOPs comply with standards so that they can produce concrete of maximum quality. This writing was prepared using an analytical method using a literature study that refers to the Indonesian National Standards (SNI) and the PUPR Ministerial Regulation (Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing).

Dynamics of urban sprawl: Deciphering the role of land prices and transportation costs in government-led urbanization

While the relationship among land price, transportation cost, and urban sprawl under the condition of local governments monopolizing land supply has been rarely discussed in the literature, this paper addresses this gap by hypothesizing based on the monocentric city model. The hypothesis suggests that due to increasing land prices and decreasing transportation costs, urban fringes are more likely to be developed, leading residents to move away from the city center and altering the demographic pattern of urban sprawl. An empirical analysis is conducted using panel data from 104 cities in China, including remote sensing data of urban land construction areas. The results show that high land prices and low transportation costs drive urban sprawl, with varying impacts across cities. The coupling coordination analysis indicates increasing influence of urban sprawl on land prices and transportation costs. These findings suggest the government should address the effects of unplanned urban expansion on these factors. The findings suggest that the government should pay more attention to the effects of unplanned urban expansion on land prices and transportation costs. Understanding the role of local governments in urban planning is crucial for comprehending China's urbanization strategy and its implications on social exclusion, gentrification, high housing prices, and other urban issues.

Corporate offending in Dutch inland shipping: A trajectory analysis

Corporate offending in Dutch inland shipping: A trajectory analysis

Assessing the impact of China Railway Express operations on the development of Chinese cities: China-Europe freight routes evolution and city development analysis

The operation of the China Railway Express (CRE) has diversified freight transportation between China and Europe, expanding the international freight channels in Chinese cities where CRE operates. However, the relationship between the evolution of China-Europe freight routes and the development of Chinese cities remains unclear. Therefore, we propose a potential model to assess the evolution of CRE routes and develop an indicator system to measure city sustainability. We employ a coupled coordination degree model (CCDM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine the impact of CRE on the development of these cities. Findings reveal several key insights. Firstly, CRE has facilitated the expansion of China-Europe freight routes in Chinese cities, significantly enhancing the accessibility of China-Europe integrated inland transportation. Secondly, the growth of freight routes between China and Europe has exerted a substantial influence on the long-term development of Chinese cities, particularly inland cities. The positive relationship between route evolution and city development has strengthened over time. Lastly, the expansion of China-Europe freight routes indirectly contributes to the development of inland cities, primarily through stimulating innovation, industry scale, financial growth, and international trade. In contrast, coastal cities mainly benefit from the direct promotion of the international trade levels.

The Design Concept of Integrated Pedestrian Sidewalk with Solar Plants as a Form of Green Campus Development at the Bali Land Transportation Polytechnic

Abstract An important aspect of creating a viable campus environment is providing safe and comfortable walking paths. Proper walking paths give some advantages for students, including improved physical and mental health, transportation efficiency, and increased Student satisfaction and happiness. The pedestrian sidewalk area at Bali Land Transportation Polytechnic (Poltrada Bali) covers 3800 m2, experiencing high pedestrian activity but lacking protective roofing to enhance pedestrian comfort. Based on the pedestrian sidewalk area, a solar power plant as support for the green canopy construction combined with shading vines is possible. The generated electrical energy serves as the power source for the Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (PEVCS) in the campus parking lot as a support for the electric vehicle acceleration program in Bali province. In addition to PEVCS, energy extraction surplus is used as alternative energy for street lighting facilities in the campus area. In this study, the design concept of a shaded pedestrian sidewalk has been carried out, with multiple benefits as solar plants using Delphi as a variable identification and validation tool, and SketchUp software to visualize design shapes aesthetically. The results show that a pedestrian comfort level of 94% was obtained and the maximum power generation of 934,800 Wp, thus it was able to meet the 887,832 W campus operational power reserve needs, street and garden lights of 9,728 W, and the power requirements of two PEVCS units of 22,000 W with a surplus of 15,240 W electric power.

Gender Inclusivity in Law Enforcement: Impact of Gender-Responsive Policing in Region IV-A, CALABARZON

This study investigates the status of gender equality in law enforcement, gender consideration and discrimination, gender safety in transportation, and the extent of gender-responsive policing. Employing a quantitative research design, the study sourced data from 165 participants through purposive sampling, which was sanctioned by the Land Transportation Office in Region IV-A CALABARZON. Findings reveal a young to middle-aged participant profile, predominantly with higher education, suggesting a potentially elevated perspective on gender inclusivity informed by their educational experiences. High mean scores across gender inclusivity metrics indicate a positive perception of gender equality, particularly in terms of economic participation, opportunities, and law enforcement practices. However, certain areas have highlighted the need for further research, especially regarding discrimination in career advancement. This study underscores the significant role of GROs in enhancing perceptions of gender equality and safety. This emphasizes the importance of fostering a positive community reception toward gender-responsive policing initiatives contrary to the initial hypotheses. Demographic profiles, including age and training received, were not significantly correlated with perceptions of gender-responsive policing, directing attention to areas warranting further investigation.

Permafrost degradation is a legal matter

New topical problems of permafrost degradation are identified in the context of a new sphere of legal regulation, primarily in the Arctic countries, with an emphasis on the legal problems of Russia. The object of research in the article consists of various legal consequences of the said phenomenon, manifested on very sensitive ecosystems, human, industrial, transport land spaces, that is, outside the maritime spaces. The study is based primarily on an integrated legal approach and appropriate legal instruments to address the emerging economic and legal consequences of the degradation of permafrost. This approach makes it possible to substantiate the recognition as an independent object of regulation of the phenomenon of permafrost and the need to develop its own legal conceptual framework. This approach is justified at both the national and international levels, as well as in the analysis of specialized and modified law institutions of the Arctic States. The article applies the advantage of the comparative legal method of studying the legislation of the Arctic states, as well as interdisciplinary and intersectoral methods of legal research. As a result, the need for a new independent scientific and applied integrated study of the legal problems of the degradation of permafrost can be considered. One of the conclusions of the work included the need to create international specialized legislation in the form of a model act. Research in the proposed format may determine the structure and content of future international legal regulation and the institutions that support it.

Analysis of the Selection of River Transportation Modes that are Integrated with Land Transportation in the City of Banjarmasin

The city of Banjarmasin, as the center of economic growth in South Kalimantan, faces significant challenges in terms of mobility. The development of river public transportation is one of the alternatives to overcome urban transportation problems. This study has significance in providing a holistic view of the factors that need to be considered in the selection of river transportation modes that are integrated with land transportation. The study was conducted in the areas of North Alalak Village and Sungai Lulut Village. The data processing method in this study involves testing the completeness of primary and secondary data to describe field conditions, then analyzing the preferences for choosing transportation modes using the AHP method which includes steps such as defining problems, creating hierarchical structures, conducting pairs comparisons, calculating eigenvalues and testing consistency, while the data analysis stage includes the calculation of consistency ratios, consistency vector, average of entries (Zmax) and Consistency Index (CI) to determine the final preference of each alternative. The analysis of priority weights between criteria is calculated to find out the order of the most influential criteria in selecting transportation modes. The results of the study can provide guidance for decision-making at the level of governments, transport companies and communities in developing and adopting more efficient transport systems. This research is expected to be useful for the author to expand insights, for the government and operators as input in the development of integrated transportation, and for the general public as a reference for more efficient modes of transportation.

Employees’ Involvement in the Land Transportation Regional Office No. V

This study determined the involvement of the employees of the Land Transportation Office Regional Office No. V. It answered the following sub- problems: 1) What are the areas in the Land Transportation Office Region V that employees are involved in?; 2) What is the level of involvement of the employees in the Land Transportation Office Region V along service delivery, professional development activities, managing organizational change; and work life balance?; 3) What are the problems commonly met in employees’ involvement along the areas explored?; and 4) What professional development plan may be proposed to address the problems met in employees’ involvement? This research study utilized the quantitative research- survey methodology specifically the descriptive survey method. It is descriptive for it identified the areas the employees of the Land Transportation Regional Office No. V are involved and the level of involvement of the employees in the said office along the areas mentioned above. This employed the survey design since it gathered the data using a questionnaire. The respondents of this study were the one hundred seventy-one (171) employees of the Land Transportation Office Region V in the Bicol Region. The statistical measures used are frequency, percentage, weighted mean and ranking.

Finer Particle Size Distribution and Potential Higher Toxicity of Elemental Carbon and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Emitted by Ships after Fuel Oil Quality Improvement.

Ship emissions are a significant source of air pollution, and the primary policy to control is fuel oil quality improvement. However, the impact of this policy on particle size distribution and composition characteristics remains unclear. Measurements were conducted on nine different vessels (ocean-going vessels, coastal cargo ships, and inland cargo ships) to determine the impact of fuel upgrading (S < 0.1% m/m marine gas oil (MGO) vs S < 0.5% m/m heavy fuel oil (HFO)) on elemental carbon (EC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted by ships. (1) Fuel improvement significantly reduced EC and PAH emission, by 31 ± 25 and 45 ± 38%, respectively. However, particle size distributions showed a trend toward finer particles, with the peak size decreasing from DP = 0.38-0.60 μm (HFO) to DP = 0.15-0.25 μm (MGO), and the emission factor of DP < 100 nm increased. (2) Changes in emission characteristics led to an increase in the toxicity of ultrafine particulate matter. (3) Ship types and engine conditions affected the EC and PAH particle size distributions. Inland ships have a more concentrated particle size distribution. Higher loads result in higher emissions. (4) The composition and engine conditions of fuel oils jointly affected pollutant formation mechanisms. MGO and HFO exhibited opposite EC emissions when emitting the same level of PAHs.

Channel Sinuosity Effects on Inland Transport in the Riverine Region of Ilaje, Nigeria

Transportation is an essential tool for regional social and economic growth, as well as national development. Transport has a vital social and environmental impact that cannot be overlooked. The character of naturally functioning rivers varies greatly and does not remain constant since it is mainly determined by several of physical factors and processes, among which is river sinuosity. Understanding how the inland waterways change with time and the effect or consequences of these changes on the lifestyle and economic activities of the inhabitants becomes very important. This study focused on revealing the changes that had occurred in the planforms of Igbokoda-Idiogba/Ayetoro waterways in Ilaje, Ondo state; its effects on inland transport taking cognisance of sinuosity index. It assessed morphological changes of navigable rivers in the study area from 1972-2022; the effects of river sinuosity on inland transport in the study area were considered. The study deployed geospatial techniques to assess the decadal changes of changing patterns of the channel’s sinuosity taking cognizance of the sinuosity index and formula. However, the study shows the capabilities of geospatial techniques in monitoring river morphology. The study revealed significant changes in the channel’s sinuosity and consequential effects of the changes. Sustainable transport measures for safety and efficiency were recommended.