Initial Development Research Articles

Interação de plântulas de soja com rizobactérias benéficas

Beneficial rhizobacteria are multifunctional microorganisms that stimulate plant growth through direct mechanisms such as the solubilization of phosphorus and potassium present in soil minerals, biological nitrogen fixation and production of plant hormones. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of beneficial rhizobacteria on the initial development, promoting growth and resistance of soybean seedlings, aiming not only for increased production but also for agricultural sustainability through the maximization of biological efficiency in the early development of soybean seedlings. The experiment, under controlled conditions, was conducted in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and ten replications. The treatments consisted in the microbiolization of soybean seeds with: 1. Control (without microorganism); 2. Serratia marcenses (BRM 32114); 3. Bacillus spp. (BRM63573) and 4. BRM 32114 + (BRM63573). After the microbiolization of the seeds, they were sown and placed to germinate, after 12 days, the seedlings were harvested and divided into shoots and roots. The roots were washed and photographed with digital camera. The images were analyzed and determined length, diameter, surface area and volume of roots. Then, root and shoot were dried and weighed for biomass determination. Co-inculation, BRM 32114+ BRM63573, promoted greater robustness of the root system of soybean seedlings with increased length (16.2%), diameter (22.5%), volume (43.4%) and dry biomass (29.7%). The dry matter of shoots and total soybean seedlings was superior to the control treatment in all treatments with rhizobacteria. Therefore, plant growth promoting

Measuring the Knowledge of Rural School Children on Nutrition Education in Bihar, India

This research study investigates the knowledge regarding nutrition education among rural school children in Bihar, India. The goal of the study is to evaluate the existing level of nutrition knowledge and comprehension among kids in rural regions and to pinpoint possible areas for development in nutrition education initiatives. The rural school students were subjected to an interview schedule. A sample of rural schoolchildren from different Bihar schools, ranging in age from 8 to 12, participated in the study. The environment was taken into consideration when choosing knowledge test questions. A 53-item knowledge test was put through a relevancy check with help from extension specialists, and 43 items were chosen for the test. Thirty extension workers from outside the research area pretested the 53 items. Item analysis evoking difficulty index, discrimination index, and point biserial correlation were conducted based on the results of the pretesting. Items with difficulty indices between 0.3 and 0.8, discrimination indices equal or above 0.3, and substantial point biserial correlation at the 5% level of significance were chosen. Utilising the split-half method, the test's reliability was calculated and determined to be 0.70. Ultimately, 18 questions were chosen for the final knowledge test given to rural schoolchildren. This knowledge test reveals a knowledge gap about nutrition and its significance for general health and well-being among Bihar's rural schoolchildren. Most kids showed little understanding of key nutrients, food groupings, and their nutritional value. Additionally, there was a paucity of knowledge regarding the long-term effects of improper eating patterns and inadequate nutrition.

RESEARCH ON THE EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION MANAGEMENT OF PROPERTY COMPANY H

With the initiation of West Development, the property industry in Duyun has developed rapidly. H Property Company mainly serves high-end residential quarters in Duyun City, but due to the relatively backward salary management, the staff mobility is large, affecting the normal operation and development of the company. In order to solve this problem, this article’s research object focuses on H Property Company’s salary management of the enterprise's personnel. The conclusion of this study has guiding significance for the salary management of property companies. Through the optimization of salary management, a complete and scientific performance management system is constructed to enhance the core competitiveness of property companies and promote their healthy, long-term, and efficient development.

Developing a Measure of Key Adult Outcomes in Adults with Developmental Disabilities: Conceptual Model and Item Generation of the REALS (Relationships, Employment, Autonomy, and Life Satisfaction).

Employment, social relationships, and autonomy are priorities topeople with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs). However, few validated measures exist to systematically assess these key adult outcomes in this population. This research includes first steps to develop self- and proxy report measures of life outcomes for adults with IDDs-the Relationships, Employment, Autonomy, and Life Satisfaction (REALS). A literature search identified existing adult outcome measures, and comparison of their domains informed initial conceptual model development. External consultants revised the model, and items were generated. Autistic adults (n = 15), adults with other IDDs (n = 7), caregivers of autistic adults (n = 13), and caregivers of adults with other IDDs (n = 10) completed in-depth cognitive interviews to assess comprehension of items and response categories, factors influencing how participants respond to items, and the inclusiveness of the item pool. A final conceptual model was generated with three subdomains (social relationships, employment, and autonomy), including assessment of life satisfaction within each domain. Cognitive interviews revealed that response set restructuring and item-level revisions were needed to capture the complexity of adult life and make the measure more accessible across a range of abilities. This study developed a conceptual model of relationships, work, and autonomy specific to adults with IDDs. Future work will involve collecting data from 800 + self-reporters with IDDs and 800 + caregivers of adults with IDDs to conduct psychometric analyses. Improving measurement in this area is critical to better understanding the needs of adults with IDDs and improving services available to them.

Pandemic KAP framework for behavioral responses: initial development from lockdown data

Pandemic KAP framework for behavioral responses: initial development from lockdown data

P696 Initiation of Vedolizumab did not provoke new-onset spondylarthritis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A Prospective Study Including Rheumatological and Blinded Imaging Assessments

Abstract Background Prior case series indicated a temporal relationship between use of vedolizumab and new-onset spondyloarthritis. Methods We aimed to evaluate the relationship between initiation of vedolizumab and development of new-onset spondyloarthritis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, through serial clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging. A single-centre prospective observational study of 24 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Patients were eligible if they had active ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease and initiating vedolizumab, had no prior history of arthritis or spondyloarthritis and suitable for undergoing serial magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical evaluation was performed by a rheumatologist prior to first dose of vedolizumab and at weeks 8 and 24 weeks after administration. Axial magnetic resonance imaging was performed at baseline, weeks 8 and 24 and evaluated by a blinded central reader. Results Nine tumour necrosis factor inhibitor-naïve patients (4 male; mean age 53.2 yrs; 6 ulcerative colitis; 3 Crohn’s disease) and eight tumour necrosis factor inhibitor-experienced patients (7 male; mean age 48 yrs; 3 ulcerative colitis; 5 Crohn’s disease) completed all assessments. No patients developed new features of axial arthritis either on clinical or blinded radiological assessment at weeks 8 or 24, nor any features of peripheral spondyloarthritis including inflammatory oligoarthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis, or psoriasis (nail, body, or scalp). Both the tumour necrosis factor inhibitor-naive and tumour necrosis factor inhibitor-experienced patients demonstrated good intestinal response to vedolizumab. Conclusion Initiation of vedolizumab did not induce new features of axial or peripheral spondyloarthritis in tumour necrosis factor inhibitor-experienced or tumour necrosis factor inhibitor-naive patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

P436 The AI based Red Density score is correlated with the established and new histological indices for Ulcerative Colitis in an independent cohort

Abstract Background Red Density (RD) is an automated endoscopic tool that is developed for the objective evaluation of disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC). The initial development integrated histological disease activity based on Robarts histological index (RHI) in the machine learning algorithm. New histological scores for UC have been developed since. The aim of this study was to establish the correlation between RD and the Nancy histological index (NHI) and PICaSSO Histologic Remission Index (PHRI). Methods Patients included in 4 centers in the ongoing PROCEED-UC study (NCT04408703) had assessment with RD in the rectum and sigmoid at baseline, w52 or early termination visit. Biopsies were taken according to protocol. Biopsies were scored for the Geboes score (GBS), RHI, NHI, PHRI in a blinded way after initial scoring convention training. Correlation was tested on patient level between mean RD per segment and the different histological indices based on Spearman correlation. Results In total 96 patients from 4 centers were included representing 2634 RD images from 400 colonic segments with biopsies and corresponding RD score. Mean (± SEM) rectal RD score was 32.7 (± 4.54), 33.69 (± 5.25) and 64.86 (± 31.71) at baseline, w52 and ET respectively. Mean sigmoidal RD score was 38.13 (± 3.68), 42.82 (± 11.80) and 77.33 (± 24.65) at baseline, w52 and ET respectively. Analysis based on the segment with the highest mean RD score per patient showed significant correlation with NHI (r=0.60, p<0.0001), PHRI (r=0.62, p<0.0001). In the rectum the RD score at all time points correlated significant with NHI (r =0,53, p<0.0001) and PHRI (r=0.63, p<0.0001). Similar correlation was seen in the sigmoid for NHI (r=0.51, p<0.0001) and PHRI (r=0.22, p0.0108). A RD score of <57.5 (Likelihood Ratio (LR) 4.176; AUC 0.7820 (95CI 0.7047 - 0.8593), p<0.0001) was associated with histological remission based on NHI (<2) and a RD score of < 64.5 (LR 9.821; AUC 0.8133 (95%CI 0.7053 - 0.9212), p<0.0001) with histological remission based on PHRI (=0). The current dataset demonstrated to be stable in line with the previously established RD cut-off with GBS and RHI. 1 Conclusion In an independent cohort of patients with UC the correlation with the established and new histological indices for UC is confirmed. This underlines the value of RD as an objective endoscopic tool for the assessment of histological and endoscopic disease activity in UC. Ref 1: Bossuyt P, Nakase H, Vermeire S, De G, Eelbode T, Ferrante M, et al. Automatic, computer-aided determination of endoscopic and histological inflammation in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis based on red density. Gut. 2020;69:1778–86.

P350 Development of consensus statements for transitional care for adolescents with Inflammatory bowel disease throughout Australia and New Zealand

Abstract Background The incidence of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising, and as such there is an increasing need to support adolescents with IBD as they from transition from paediatric to adult care. The use of a structured process for transition is well supported in the literature, however, variation in the delivery of transitional care for adolescents with IBD has been identified across Australis and New Zealand. The aim of this study was to develop consensus statements, based on evidence and expert opinion, to guide transitional care services in IBD. Methods The consensus statements were developed using a modified UCLA-RAND methodology. An IBD expert steering committee was formed, and then a systematic literature review conducted to grade the available evidence and inform initial development of consensus statements. A multi-disciplinary group was formed comprising 16 participants [clinicians, nurses, surgeons, psychologists], that voted anonymously on the level of appropriateness and necessity for each consensus statement, as well as provided general feedback for each. Scoring was facilitated using Likert scales [1=lowest, 9=highest] with a median ≥7 required for inclusion. Results Fourteen consensus statements were devised by the Steering committee (Table 1). Key recommendations including the use of a structured transition programme and transition coordinator. Statements recommended assessment of mental health and transition readiness, and outlined discussion points regarding lifestyle, environment and psychosocial factors to be held with adolescents. The importance of allied health input, the age for transition, recommendations for clinical communication and handover were highlighted, as well as considerations for individual patients. In the first voting round by the multi-disciplinary group each statement reached a median score of ≥ 8 for appropriateness, and ≥7 for necessity. An online meeting with both groups was held to discuss voting results and refine statements. Table 1. Final consensus statements to guide transition of children with inflammatory bowel disease in Australasia. Conclusion There is an identified need for guidance in paediatric to adult transitional care for adolescents with IBD. Consensus statements were developed by a multi-disciplinary group, supported by published evidence, to provide this guidance. The planned publication of the consensus process and statements will facilitate standardize delivery of IBD transitional care within Australasia.

The influence of civil society institutions on the implementation of public administration in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine

The article examines the impact of civil society institutions on the implementation of public administration in Ukraine under martial law. It has been established that civil society is understood as a free association of citizens, the purpose of which is to satisfy common interests, ensure values, and realize rights. The signs of civil society are singled out: it is formed exclusively on a voluntary basis and on the basis of common goals, interests, desires of a certain audience for the purpose of their development and satisfaction; cooperation of civil society as a whole and its institutions in particular with state institutions, being at the same time independent from them to a certain extent; in the formation of public institutions, the greatest value is a person, a person, a citizen, in particular his rights, freedoms and legitimate interests, as well as their implementation in reality; the presence of a certain special and specific structure, the level of development of civil society depends on the level of its complexity. It has been established that the interaction of civil society institutions with state bodies is manifested in participation in the initial development and discussion of draft legal acts, which, among other things, are aimed at the normalization of all spheres that have suffered in one way or another from the aggressor state. It was determined that the influence of civil society institutions in martial law is manifested in their exercise of public control over the activities of state authorities in the form of public monitoring of the preparation and implementation of decisions, examination of their effectiveness. It has been established that the form of interaction between the analyzed subjects is the submission by civil society institutions to state authorities of their own expert proposals, the formation of joint advisory and expert bodies, councils, commissions, and groups to ensure that public opinion is taken into account in the formation and implementation of state policy. It has been established that an important duty of public administration subjects as a form of response to all actions of civil society institutions is to conduct appropriate monitoring and analysis of public opinion, as well as to ensure timely public response to public proposals and comments.

Demonstrating Pedagogical Content Knowledge Through the Development of Educational Science Board Games

Preservice teachers who are specialising in the teaching of the subject natural science at a primary school level, ought to demonstrate the ability to present lessons that provoke a joyful yet meaningful educational experience amongst learners. One such approach that was taken, was when natural science preservice teachers were tasked with developing educational science board games as a means to enrich their teaching practice during a recent school visitation opportunity. However, given this educational exercise, what remains a mystery from a teacher development perspective is whether this exercise provoked some form of ‘pedagogical thinking’ among preservice teachers? It is with this question in mind, that the study investigated whether the task of developing educational science board games sparked the ability of preservice teachers to demonstrate knowledge of pedagogical content. The study draws on a modified understanding of Shulman’s pedagogical content knowledge model, which in the context of gamification requires one to effectively transmit ‘subject knowledge’ in an interactive manner through ‘educational board game practices and engagement’. Using a focus group discussion and photo-voice methodology as data collection techniques, this qualitative study uncovered how preservice teachers demonstrated i) knowledge of the curriculum, ii) knowledge of instructional strategies, iii) knowledge of learner-thinking, and iv) knowledge of assessment. This study holds a series of implications for future research in the field of initial teacher development and STEM education. For example, it will be interesting to uncover how preservice teachers experience the use of educational board games in their teaching. In addition, it will also be interesting to discover how educational board games can be used in other STEM subjects such as mathematics, technology, and physical science. Ultimately, more research is also required on the learning benefits of educational board games from a learner’s perspective.

Initial development of Cotlin island south shoreline

The article considers the initial stages of developing the coastline of Kotlin Island in the first half of the 18th century. The construction of a unique system of fortifications and engineering structures and harbors for military and merchant ships was carried out according to the plan and under the leadership of Peter I. The oldest forts, the walls of the first Kotlin’s harbors, the initial docking channel, and the Italian pond were organized with the direct participation of the emperor in the period from 1704 to 1725. In the course of research, the author discovered archival materials that had not previously been introduced into scientific circulation. The article is published based on the results of a historical and cultural expertise along the southern coastline of Kotlin Island, aimed at identifying and preserving cultural heritage objects - coastal walls of harbors, fortifications and engineering structures.

De novo metastatic versus recurrent gastroesophageal cancer: A single-centre retrospective analysis.

282 Background: Outcomes remain poor for patients with metastatic gastric, gastroesophageal and esophageal adenocarcinoma (GEAC) with median survival of 14 months with combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy as per the Checkmate 649 trial. There is limited data to clarify if any differences exist between denovo metastatic and recurrent GEAC in terms of survival and response to systemic therapy. We compare the baseline characteristics and outcomes for patients with denovo metastatic and recurrent GEAC in our cohort. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted to include patients with metastatic GEAC reviewed at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre between 2007 and 2021. Baseline characteristics including age, sex, race, performance status and Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI) were reviewed. Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), progression free survival on first line (PFS1) and second line (PFS2) systemic therapy and disease-free interval (DFI) in the recurrent group (defined as time between initial diagnosis and development of recurrent disease). OS was calculated from diagnosis of stage IV disease. Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan Meier curves were used to compare OS, PFS1 and PFS2. Outcomes were adjusted for baseline characteristics. The effect of DFI on outcomes was evaluated in the recurrent group. Results: Our cohort consisted of 619 cases, of which 456 (73.6%) were denovo metastatic and 163(26.4%) were recurrent. The majority (71%) were male, non-Asian (85%) and median age for the cohort was 60 years. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and biomarker status (HER2, MSI) between denovo and recurrent groups. Number of metastatic sites was significantly higher in denovo group (Mean:2.3 vs 1.8, p<0.001). A significantly higher percentage of patients received immunotherapy in the first line setting in the recurrent group (8% vs 4%, p:0.04). Using multivariate cox regression and after adjusting for age, performance status and CCI, there was a significant difference in OS favoring recurrent group (aHR:0.70, 95% CI 0.57-0.86, p=<0.001). Using Kaplan Meier curves, median OS was 18.08 months in the recurrent group vs 14.62 months in the denovo metastatic group. There was a significant difference in PFS1 using a multivariate model in favor of the recurrent group (aHR 0.81,95% CI 0.67-0.99, p=0.04), as well as similar improvement in PFS2 for the recurrent group (aHR:0.69,95% CI 0.52-0.92, p=0.01). In the recurrent group, OS did not differ significantly between DFI <6 months, 6-12 months or >12 months. Conclusions: Our results show a significantly better OS, PFS1 and PFS 2 for recurrent as compared to denovo metastatic GEAC for patients treated in the 1st line metastatic setting in a large single-centre retrospective analysis. More in depth analysis of molecular differences in patient tumors is underway and may help to explain better outcomes.

Development of Electronic Flight Bag Application for Small Turboprop Aircraft Weight and Balance Calculation

Nowadays, many airlines in modern aviation utilize an Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) during flight to replace traditional paper-based systems. Considering the importance of aircraft weight and balance calculation to flight operations, the flight mission of X-123 (a small turboprop aircraft) and the current EFB market, research on weight and balance application development of X-123 on EFB in Indonesia is conducted. The research aimed to develop the application according to Indonesian regulations and to examine the weight and balance characteristics of X-123 through several simulations in a programming language, Python. Furthermore, Staff Instruction 8900 - 3.3 is analyzed to identify the factors that should be considered in EFB development. The global architecture design and substantial features are, then, proposed as an initial EFB development. In the global architecture design, the utilization of a gateway becomes important as a connection between the EFB developer and the client, providing aircraft data changes flexibility to the client. Moreover, the calculation formula is completely discussed in the calculation modules as a substantial feature and implemented in the simulation. According to simulation results, the payload weight and payload distribution changes can affect significantly the CG location. It is recommended to weigh and assign the payload before flight to ensure flight operation safety. In addition, the proposal of the architecture design and substantial features can be used as a reference and further developed by the Indonesian aviation companies.

Mechanism of pore expansion and fracturing effect of high-temperature ScCO2 on shale

To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the alteration of shale pore fractures by high-temperature supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2), this study employed medium–low maturity shale samples from a specific region as research subjects. The samples were subjected to high-temperature ScCO2 reactions in a corrosion-resistant high-pressure reaction vessel at various temperatures. A suite of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ImageJ image processing software, N2 and CO2 adsorption experiments, thermal gravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTG) of CO2 pyrolyzed shale oil, and gas chromatography (GC) analysis, were utilized to investigate and analyze the microstructural changes in the shale samples before and after ScCO2 treatment.The results reveal a subtle increase in the content of clay minerals and quartz, accompanied by a decrease in the content of carbonates, potassium feldspar, and calcite. These mineral transformations, encompassing dissolution, precipitation, and swelling processes, exert a substantial impact on the shale surface microstructure and modify the internal pore structure. Consequently, a shift in the mechanical properties of the rock is observed, which bears significance for its fracturing behavior.The experimental results reveal a steady growth in fracture area following high-temperature ScCO2 treatment. Importantly, the extent of initial fracture development plays a crucial role in determining the efficacy of hydraulic fracturing, indicating a positive correlation. Moreover, the connection between fracture area and temperature exhibits a clear trend marked by an initial rise, a subsequent decline, and finally, a resurgence. In particular, the thermal fracturing threshold temperature for the shale samples was found to be around 400 °C.From the analysis, it can be inferred that ScCO2, when subjected to an elevated temperature range of 100-200℃, exhibits mutual interactions with the shale. This results in effective extraction of organic matter and dissolution of mineral constituents within the shale matrix. Consequently, this treatment process leads to a significant reduction in the number of micropores (pore sizes less than 2 nm), while the quantities of mesopores (pore sizes between 2 and 50 nm) and macropores (pore sizes greater than 50 nm) display a noticeable increase.Upon exposure to a temperature range of 200-300℃, a remarkable affinity of the shale for CO2 adsorption becomes evident. The adsorption process contributes to the expansion of the matrix material and deposition of minerals, effectively filling the pore spaces. As a result, the contraction of mesopores and macropores is mitigated, with the predominant change being an increase in the number of micropores.When temperatures reach 300-500℃, the intensified heat initiates thermal decomposition of the kerogen, culminating in the release of pore spaces. This phenomenon prompts an increase in the number of micropores and mesopores, thereby augmenting the pore volume and specific surface area of the shale.

Lack of affinity signature for germinal center cells that have initiated plasma cell differentiation

Long-lived plasma cells (PCs) secrete antibodies that can provide sustained immunity against infection. High-affinity cells are proposed to preferentially select into this compartment, potentiating the immune response. We used single-cell RNA-seq to track the germinal center (GC) development of Ighg2A10 B cells, specific for the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP). Following immunization with Plasmodium sporozoites, we identified 3 populations of cells in the GC light zone (LZ). One LZ population expressed a gene signature associated with the initiation of PC differentiation and readily formed PCs invitro. The estimated affinity of these pre-PC B cells was indistinguishable from that of LZ cells that remained in the GC. This remained true when high- or low-avidity recombinant PfCSP proteins were used as immunogens. These findings suggest that the initiation of PC development occurs via an affinity-independent process.

Design of the INARA (Inclusive and Gender Responsive Historia) Application: Accentuating Inclusive and Gender-Responsive History Learning

This article aims to elaborate on the initial development of the historical learning application design, INARA (Inclusive and Gender Responsive Historia). The authors gathered data from literature reviews, including journal articles and online media, which were analyzed using a SWOT approach. The study's results showcase examples of inclusive and gender-responsive features in this application, such as games, quizzes, QR codes, and comics focusing on female heroes in Indonesia. The application is also designed with specific features to support differently-abled students in learning history. It is hoped that INARA can become a creative, engaging, and critical medium for history learning at school levels. Its innovative design and inclusive features make a valuable contribution to the scholarly discourse in education. This article is expected to enrich the understanding of utilizing technology to support inclusive and gender-responsive history learning. As part of further development efforts, INARA is anticipated to become a progressive educational solution supporting various learning needs.
 Keywords: history, application, learning, inclusive, gender responsive

Antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles derived from Zizyphus spina leaf extract against Fusarium root rot disease in tomato plants

Incorporating green chemistry concepts into nanotechnology is an important focus area in nanoscience. The demand for green metal oxide nanoparticle production has grown in recent years. The beneficial effects of using nanoparticles in agriculture have already been established. Here, we highlight some potential antifungal properties of Zizyphus spina leaf extract-derived copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-Zs-NPs), produced with a spherical shape and defined a 13–30 nm particle size. Three different dosages of CuO-Zs-NPs were utilized and showed promising antifungal efficacy in vitro and in vivo against the selected fungal strain of F. solani causes tomato root rot disease, which was molecularly identified with accession number (OP824846). In vivo results indicated that, for all CuO-Zs-NPs concentrations, a significant reduction in Fusarium root rot disease occurred between 72.0 to 88.6% compared to 80.5% disease severity in the infected control. Although treatments with either the chemical fungicide (Kocide 2000) showed a better disease reduction and incidence with (18.33% and 6.67%) values, respectively, than CuO-Zs-NPs at conc. 50 mg/l, however CuO-Zs-NPs at 250 mg/l conc. showed the highest disease reduction (9.17 ± 2.89%) and lowest disease incidence (4.17 ± 3.80%). On the other hand, CuO-Zs-NPs at varied values elevated the beneficial effects of tomato seedling vigor at the initial stages and plant growth development compared to either treatment with the commercial fungicide or Trichoderma Biocide. Additionally, CuO-Zs-NPs treatments introduced beneficial results for tomato seedling development, with a significant increase in chlorophyll pigments and enzymatic activity for CuO-Zs-NPs treatments. Additionally, treatment with low concentrations of CuO-Zs-NPs led to a rise in the number of mature pollen grains compared to the immature ones. however the data showed that CuO-Zs-NPs have a unique antifungal mechanism against F. solani, they subsequently imply that CuO-Zs-NPs might be a useful environmentally friendly controlling agent for the Fusarium root rot disease that affects tomato plants.Graphical

Sensory nerve regulates progenitor cells via FGF-SHH axis in tooth root morphogenesis.

Nerves play important roles in organ development and tissue homeostasis. Stem/progenitor cells differentiate into different cell lineages responsible for building the craniofacial organs. The mechanism by which nerves regulate stem/progenitor cell behavior in organ morphogenesis has not yet been comprehensively explored. Here, we use tooth root development in mouse as a model to investigate how sensory nerves regulate organogenesis. We show that sensory nerve fibers are enriched in the dental papilla at the initiation of tooth root development. Through single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of the trigeminal ganglion and developing molar, we reveal several signaling pathways that connect the sensory nerve with the developing molar, of which FGF signaling appears to be one of the important regulators. Fgfr2 is expressed in the progenitor cells during tooth root development. Loss of FGF signaling leads to shortened roots with compromised proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells. Furthermore, Hh signaling is impaired in Gli1-CreER;Fgfr2fl/fl mice. Modulation of Hh signaling rescues the tooth root defects in these mice. Collectively, our findings elucidate the nerve-progenitor crosstalk and reveal the molecular mechanism of the FGF-SHH signaling cascade during tooth root morphogenesis.

Hypoxia-Mediated Upregulation of Xanthine Oxidoreductase Causes DNA Damage of Colonic Epithelial Cells in Colitis.

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) serves as the primary source of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions in the intestinal mucosa. However, its specific contribution to the progression of colonic disease remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of XOR in ulcerative colitis (UC) and attempted to identify the underlying mechanisms. We used the dextransulfatesodium (DSS)-induced mouse model to mimic UC and observed that XOR inhibitors, allopurinol and diphenyleneiodonium sulfate (DPI), significantly alleviated UC in mice. In addition, treatment with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and 1% O2 increased the expression of XOR and induced DNA oxidative damage in colonic epithelial cells. Furthermore, we identified that XOR accumulation in the nucleus may directly cause DNA oxidative damage and regulates HIF1α protein levels. In addition, allopurinol effectively protected colon epithelial cells from CoCl2-induced DNA damage. Altogether, our data provided evidence that XOR could induce DNA damage under hypoxic conditions, indicating a significant role of XOR in the initiation and early development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC).

Performance Evaluation of the Pressurized Synhelion Absorbing Gas Receiver

The pressurized design of the Synhelion absorbing gas receiver concept has been presented. Despite its intrinsic increased design complexity, foreseen advantages such as receiver downscaling and more compact piping and insulation systems were the drivers for the initial development of the 250 kWth receiver design operating at high pressure (10 bar absolute). The latter was driven by the results of specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations aimed at evaluating the receiver thermo-fluid dynamics behaviour along with the relative performance. This paper shows the results of the two initial CFD simulations campaigns aimed at evaluating the effect, on the receiver performance, of the integration of absorbing inserts (i.e., a series of concentric disks specifically arranged into the cavity to capture the incoming concentrated solar radiation) and the position and shape of the inlet section of the heat transfer fluid. The simulations results allowed not only to evaluate the receiver performance, in terms of thermal efficiency, but also to observe some criticalities related to the motion of the HTF through the receiver.