Infrastructure Of Region Research Articles

Проблемы комплексного развития логистической инфраструктуры нефтегазового комплекса

Introduction. The effective operation of industrial production, transport and processing facilities depends directly on the logistics infrastructure. This is confirmed by a significant share of logistics infrastructure costs in the investment programs of vertically integrated companies. Theoretical analysis. A theoretical study of the logistics infrastructure, its current state and prospects for development is carried out, the types of logistics infrastructure and areas of responsibility are analyzed: supply, intra-industry support and sales. Theoretical research methods were used, and the analysis of different types of logistics infrastructure designed for specific purposes at different stages of the life cycle in the supply chains of the investment project was performed. Еmpirical analysis. The possibility of reverse use of logistics infrastructure facilities, i.e., for the supply of oil and gas facilities and the sale of processed products, is analyzed. The concept of logistics infrastructure is specified, which allows to specify their share in investment costs. Results. The approach proposed by the authors will allow to take into account the importance of integrated construction of the logistics infrastructure of the Arctic region of Russia in the foreseeable future, increase the efficiency of investments, and further reduce costs at the stage of operation and elimination of industrial and social facilities.

Landslide susceptibility mapping using information value method in Jhelum Valley of the Himalayas

The geological and geographical conditions have made the Himalayas one of the regions most vulnerable to disasters. Northern Pakistan is made up of high-relief Himalayan mountains where landslides are the most frequently occurring catastrophic events. Floods, earthquakes, and landslides occur most often in this region, causing deaths and severe infrastructure damages. The studied area is experiencing significant landslide events triggered by destructive seismic activity, extreme seasonal rainfalls, and human activities. In this study, landslide susceptibility mapping is proposed using an integrated model of information value method by optimizing its capabilities and overcoming its limitations to enhance both precision and accuracy of the results. This approach quantifies and estimates the probability of landslide occurrence using statistical principles and techniques. Seven distinct landslide causative factors, including slope angle, distance to stream, drainage density, distance to road, land cover, normalized difference vegetation index, lithology, and distance to faults were evaluated to determine the areas at risk for future slope movements. A reliable landside inventory from a spatial database combined with ground-truthing field surveys was prepared for evaluating the relationship between the landslides and their causative factors. The accuracy and efficiency of the developed model are evaluated using sensitivity analysis of the receiver operator curve (ROC). The ROC-validated results showed an accuracy of 0.845 for model prediction rate and an accuracy of 0.837 for model success rate, indicating that the model is reliable to produce landslide susceptibility map. The results showed the reasonable efficiency of the applied method for assessing landslide susceptibility in the study area and applicable to other regions with similar geomorphological conditions.

TOURIST POTENTIAL AND INFRASTRUCTURE OF BOHEMIA IN THE PERIOD OF THE FIRST REPUBLIC

Summary. Purpose. The article analyzes the history of the development of the tourist potential of Czechoslovakia (1918–1938) on the example of the Bohemia region. The author considers the historical process of formation of the tourist infrastructure of this territory and its positive impact on the development of the "tourist movement", which eventually became a kind of patriotic, cultural and economic life of Czechoslovak society. Research methodology. During the study, the author was guided by the principles of positivist history. The following scientific methods were used to solve scientific problems related to the complex analysis of the study of the tourist potential and infrastructure of the Czechoslovak region of Bohemia during the First Republic (1918–1938), in particular: logical and analytical, generalization method, systematization and classification method, method deduction and induction, method of synthesis and analysis, method of comparison, method of historicism, etc. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Ukrainian historiography, the historical process of formation and development of the tourist potential of Bohemia is considered, which began in the Middle Ages and reached its heyday at the turn of the XIX and XX centuries. The article comprehensively considers the factors that contributed to the emergence of "summer" and resort tourism in the Czech lands. Also, the author analyzes the history of the tourist "heart" of Bohemia – "Czech Paradise". Conclusions. It has been proven that the tourist potential of Bohemia has developed over many centuries and was represented during the First Republic by the Czech Paradise Reserve, numerous historical, cultural and natural monuments, as well as significant recreational resources. The presence of thermal springs in the western Czech lands contributed to the emergence of health resorts and tourist resorts in the Karlovy Vary region, which have remained popular to this day.

ДЕТЕРМІНОВАНІСТЬ ВПЛИВУ ТУРИЗМУ НА РОЗВИТОК І УПРАВЛІННЯ ГОТЕЛЬНОЮ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРОЮ РЕГІОНУ В КРИЗОВИЙ ПЕРІОД

In a general sense, the hotel infrastructure is a component of tourism, and its quality forms and affects the level of service and integrated development of tourism and its products. The material basis of hotels and their network is clearly correlated with the determinism of the impact on tourist flows, the number of visitors to the regions, which generates new volumes and financial revenues to them. On the other hand, tourism and the tourism market account for a significant share of the economy of many countries, and one of the features of this business is the direct subordination and interdependence of tourism infrastructure (including hotel), travel agents and contractors, their impact on society, political conditions, features and trends in different time slices. At the same time, tourism today with the hotel infrastructure due to its unpopularity with tourists, is experiencing a significant crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has a significant impact on the reduction of various indicators in the field of services, including tourism. This has led to job РОЗВИТОК ПРОДУКТИВНИХ СИЛ І РЕГ ІОНАЛЬНА ЕКОНОМІКА 10 Випуск І (81), 2021 closures, economic losses, downtime or the closure of a number of related companies and their counterparties, prompting urgent responses to the analysis of the travel services market and crisis management practices during and after. In the process of research used literature, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy; specific scientific: factor analysis, statistical methods. The article considers the general impact of tourism on the state of hotel infrastructure in the period before and during the pandemic of 2020-2021, forecast data for their development in the near future in global and regional dimensions as the case of Chernivtsi region, offers generalized proposals for tourism and hotel business through crisis measures, identified promising players in the market of tourist and hotel services in the post-crisis period. The results of the research can be used by local governments to develop and substantiate long-term strategic plans for the organization, management and development of tourism business and hotel infrastructure of Chernivtsi region in crisis and post-crisis periods related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Theoretical and methodological and applied developments together with the obtained results can be used in similar studies for other regions in overcoming the crisis of tourism and hotel business caused by the pandemic COVID-19.

Health, longevity, infrastructure and competitiveness: The Four Horsemen of COVID-19

Many researchers around the world are working to reach a general framework to provide solutions for COVID-19 in different ways. From our economic and business orientation, “Health, Longevity, Infrastructure and Competitiveness” are presented in this paper as the Four Horsemen of COVID-19. Our aim is to analyse the relationship between these proposed four factors and their influence on COVID-19.Using the Global Competitive Index (GCI), Health Systems in Transition (HiT) and the System of Health Accounts (SHA), we complete a database for a total of 28 countries of the European Union, including the United Kingdom and using variables related to the environment of each region (competitiveness, security, infrastructure, population and health system). Our study is focused on a descriptive analysis and a binary logistic model (logit), trying to distinguish between countries with more and less incidence of COVID-19.According to the results, the presence of these four factors – which are desirables for any country – implies a greater transmission of the virus in these regions. However, a higher annual expenditure in the health system is related to a lower incidence of COVID-19.

СИСТЕМНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ТРАНСПОРТА В РОССИЙСКОЙ АРКТИКЕ

Purpose: to identify systemic problems in the development of transport infrastructure in the Russian Arctic. Methods: the analysis of the main trends and features of the development of the transport infrastructure of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) in 2000-2018 was carried out. Trends in the development of road and rail transport are considered in the most detail. official statistics provides the most complete information only on them. To analyze the dynamics of the provision of land transport infrastructure in the Arctic regions, the Engel coefficient was used, since it is calculated taking into account the area and population size (this is an important circumstance for the Arctic regions, due to their extremely sparse population and the size of the territories). Results: it was revealed that, despite some positive trends, the transport infrastructure of the Russian Arctic is still characterized by a number of problems. Scientific novelty: it is substantiated that the objective difficulties in the development of transport infrastructure in the Arctic regions are caused not only by difficult natural and geographical conditions, but also by systematic underfunding of the transport industry and a lack of infrastructure investments, primarily in socially significant projects that provide intraregional and interregional transport links. Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific and teaching activities, as well as by public authorities in the preparation of target-oriented documents for the development of the transport infrastructure of the Arctic regions.

СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИСТСКОЙ ИНДУСТРИИ В РЕГИОНЕ

The article provides an overview of the main strategic documents for the development of the tourism industry both at the federal level and at the regional levels. Among the main measures for the implementation of the Strategy for the period up to 2035 in the tourism sector, they noted: the formation of the institutional system of the industry; development of tourist infrastructure; formation of a tourist product; qualitatively new management of the industry; advanced training of participants in the tourism industry; ensuring an increase in the number of foreign tourists visiting the Russian Federation. To analyze the development of these measures in the region, a SWOT-analysis of the development of the tourism industry in the Voronezh region was carried out. The strengths included the availability of significant resources for the development of various types of tourism. The created room stock of accommodation facilities, represented by key foreign and domestic hotel brands, is capable of receiving up to 1.5 million tourists a year. The developed transport infrastructure of the Voronezh region, the presence of the international airport "Voronezh" are significant competitive advantages of the Voronezh region. The weaknesses include the fact that Voronezh and the region do not have a sufficiently developed hospitality industry and a well-recognized brand. The contribution of tourism activity to the well-being of its key participants was considered. A forecast was made in accordance with the Tourism Development Strategy 2035 of the export of tourism services and the gross value added of the tourism industry in Russia.

STRATEGIC MODEL OF TRANSFORMATION OF INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE DONETSK ECONOMIC REGION IN THE RUNNING REINTEGRATION PERIODS

Objective. The objective of the present article is to analyze the current, pre-reintegration models of transformations of innovation infrastructure in the region, to determine a promising strategic model of trans­formation of innovation infrastructure of Donetsk economic region in the reintegration period according to the tried and tested author’s approach to understanding. Methods. The following general scientific methods and techniques of cognition were used in the research process: theoretical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, group­ing. Results. According to the results of the study it is substantiated that the development of innovation infra­structures is a process of permanent successive multidimensional (spatial, temporal, material and structural) transformations of innovation infrastructures, resulting in static and dynamic effects, quantitative and quali­tative changes in innovation infrastructures and / or national economies. It is established that the most effec­tive model of innovation infrastructure development is the model of managed development, which provides for the definition and justification of the most promising strategic model for the transformation of innovation infrastructure. The strategic model of innovation infrastructure transformation is proposed to be understood as a long-term plan of transformations, changes in all dimensions of innovation infrastructure, aimed at improving the efficiency of its functioning, increasing the level of innovation of the country and its national economy.Based on the study of regulatory and legal support for the development of innovation and innova­tion infrastructure of Ukraine and Donetsk economic region, it is established that both current and pre-re­integration model of transformation of innovation infrastructure of Donetsk economic region and Ukraine as a whole are fragmentary and unsystematic. countries. It is substantiated that the perspective strategic model of transformation of innovation infrastructure of Donetsk economic region in reintegration period should be based on Quadruple Helix Model, be directed on: deployment, reconfiguration (the main priority should be development of providing functional component of innovation infrastructure Priority should be given to the development of spin-off companies, spin-out companies, living laboratories, centers of excellence, coworking centers, competence centers, including digital competences, technopolises and other innovation ecosystems) and improving the efficiency and development of existing structural elements of innovation infrastructure of Donetsk economic region. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their use in the development strategy and increase the competitiveness of the Donetsk economic region.

SWOT-АНАЛІЗ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ЧЕРНІГІВЩИНИ ТА ФІНАНСОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЇЇ РОЗВИТКУ ЗА РАХУНОК МІСЦЕВИХ БЮДЖЕТІВ

It is important to scientifically substantiate the priority directions of tourist infrastructure development in the region because it’s significant for the formation of tourist destinations and tourist attractiveness of them. The native scientific literature substantiates the theoretical bases of the tourist infrastructure development and describes the features of its development in some regions (Volyn and Lviv). However, each region has its own specific problems to address. That’s why we consider this study appropriate and relevant. The research objective is to conduct a SWOT-analysis of tourist infrastructure of Chernihiv region, to identify promising strategic directions for its development, tocarry out of the complex analysis of tourist infrastructure development financing in the region and to estimate of budgetary allocations expediency and efficiency. Also it’s identification of important areas of development funding. SWOT analysis of the tourist infrastructure of Chernihiv region revealed many strengths and weaknesses. Comparing them with opportunities and threats revealed possible strategic directions for further development of tourism infrastructure in the region. Comparison of planned and actual volumes and directions of financing of tourist infrastructure made it possible to determine their sufficiency and expediency. Thus, the areas taken care by the Tourism Development Programs of the Chernihiv region are chosen quite logically. But the amount of funding for the measures identified by the program is not sufficient to raise the level of tourist infrastructure development in Chernihiv region to a qualitatively new level. Some important areas in the development of tourist infrastructure in Chernihiv region had been left out, in particular the development of authentic food and accommodation; creation of theme parks and theme zones in the region; encouragement and support of initiatives aimed at creating original and interesting objects of tourist infrastructure; introduction of the certificate and the sign "Chernihiv (or any city) recommends", etc.

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙ У РОЗВИТОК ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ

The article substantiates the theoretical, methodological and practical provisions aimed at investment and innovation activities of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional State Administration on the formation of the region's infrastructure in the context of decentralization. In accordance with the above, the theoretical and methodological aspects of investment and innovation activities of the regional state administration on the formation of the region's infrastructure in the context of decentralization were considered; the current state of attracting investments in the development of the region's infrastructure is analyzed; tasks and measures of attraction of investments concerning formation of infrastructure of the region are allocated; the prospects of attracting investments in the development of the region's infrastructure are determined; the target installations of management of investment and innovation activity of the regional state administration concerning formation of infrastructure of the region in the conditions of decentralization are substantiated; public-private partnership is proposed as a tool to attract investment in the development of regional infrastructure; mechanisms for ensuring the development of innovative processes for the formation of the region's infrastructure have been identified. In modern conditions, the impact of destabilizing factors of the external and internal environment is extremely acute, which requires special attention to the study of the problems of strengthening the economic security of the agricultural sector through territorial production systems. The mechanism of interaction between the government and agrarian business in the field of strengthening the economic security of the agricultural sector in foreign countries has been implemented for a long time and is constantly being improved. Socially significant problems, taking into account the growing needs of the population, remain a priority for the mechanism of public-private partnership and are addressed to strengthen the economic security of the agricultural sector. A distinctive feature of the interaction between government and business is how effectively state institutions and management of agrarian business can prevent internal and external threats and eliminate the harmful effects of certain negative components of the external and internal environment. The study is to conduct a detailed scientific and practical substantiation of ways to strengthen the economic security of the agricultural sector with the help of territorial production systems in Ukraine and identify areas for improvement of this sector of the economy.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ МУЗЫКАЛЬНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ КЕМЕРОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (20–40-е ГОДЫ ХХ ВЕКА)

Describes a stage of formation and development of music in the Kemerovo region's infrastructure as a young industrial region of Russia. Due to interaction between socio-cultural and socio-economic aspects of development of the region, the musical life of the Kemerovo region was prepared in the pre-industrial period (until 1920), featuring the development of music performance within folk, Church, amateur music-making and unable to exit professional level due to lack of expertise in the region. After the October revolution in the conditions of intensive formation of the industrial structure in young cities region and the initial installation on massification of amateur (amateur) creativity, gradually formed the basis for the establishment of a fully fledged musical infrastructure. This phase was marked by the emergence and intensive development of musical performance mainly in the form of amateur music: choral and instrumental groups in constructed folk houses and clubs, performing cultural and educational functions among the working population. Parallel to the process of formation of the educational basis of musical infrastructure: opening of children's music schools, music schools, offices, children's creativity centres at clubs and houses of culture industry enterprises. During the great patriotic war, resulting in the evacuation and the arrival in the region of creative collectives and professional musicians going on formation of academic performance. Creating a pop concert Bureau (1943), subsequently converted in Kemerovo Oblast Philharmonic, translation of theatre of musical comedy (1945 g.) led to revitalize and strengthen the processes of professional music art items in Kemerovo oblast. With the opening of vocational educational institution-Kemerovo musical College (1944)-lay the Foundation for training new personnel in the sphere of musical culture of the region. With the advent of the professional segment in the cultural traditions of stabilization activities are envisaged with the totality of the prevailing musical infrastructure functioning in the context of the musical life of the region. Consequently, the period under review is an important link in the panorama of music art development in the industrial region, and determines subsequent lush flowering in 1970–1990.

ЭКСПЕРТНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО ТУРИЗМА В РЕГИОНЕ (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ ОРЛОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

The purpose of the article is to present a comprehensive analysis of the results of an expert survey, prospects for the development of domestic tourism in the region. Research methods: the empirical basis of this work is the results of an expert survey «The state of the region's infrastructure for tourism development», conducted in April 2021 under a grant from the Federal Agency for Youth Affairs (Rosmolodezh) All-Russian professional competition «Master of Hospitality - 2020». The main factors of increasing the attractiveness of the region for domestic tourism are highlighted. The constraining conditions for the development of domestic tourism in the region have been identified. The authors have structured the factors of stagnation of domestic tourism and identified promising ways to overcome them. As part of the organization of management activities for the development of regional tourism, experts note the need to create an information management body, find and promote the brand of the territory using effective advertising. Experts have identified successfully existing tourist destinations and a high level of the region's potential (its cultural, historical and literary heritage, natural and climatic conditions).

Механізм формування та управління розвитком бізнес-інтегрованих структур у східних регіонах України

At present, the problems of improving the management of cluster structures in the eastern regions of Ukraine, taking into account the European experience in accordance with modern challenges related to smart specialization, modernization of production and digitalization of organizational and managerial processes, are becoming especially relevant. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical provisions, scientific and methodological approaches and develop practical recommendations for improving the mechanism of formation and management of business integrated structures of the eastern regions of Ukraine. The essence and content of the terms "business integrated structure", "development of business integrated structure", "mechanism for managing the development of business integrated structure" are specified. The international experience of development of cluster structures is analysed and generalized and offers concerning its possible application in industrial regions of Ukraine are given. Based on the generalization of research, analytical materials of research and consulting companies, regional development agencies, statistical analysis, the main barriers that hinder the effective economic development of the eastern regions of Ukraine. Strategic documents concerning the socio-economic development of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts in terms of creating cluster associations were analysed. Methodical bases of logistical support of management of development of business integrated structures are defined. A comprehensive approach to evaluating the effectiveness of cluster formations is proposed and tested. Proposals on normative-legal regulation of cluster structures development in the national economy of Ukraine are given. The conceptual approach to the formation of the cluster as an element of the innovation infrastructure of industrial regions on the basis of smart specialization is substantiated. The organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of business integrated structures is improved and the algorithm of its realization on the example of the eastern regions of Ukraine is offered. It is proved that the development and implementation of the proposed algorithm for implementing the organizational and economic mechanism of business integrated structures (clusters) will create appropriate conditions for increasing the volume and quality of transport services, intensifying innovative development, as well as implementing a qualitatively new regional model of sustainable development that will meet modern management requirements. Implementation of the developed recommendations for improving the mechanism of formation and management of the development of business integrated structures in Donetsk and Luhansk regions will help to obtain a synergistic effect, the components of which are: economic effect ‒ increasing the level of investment attractiveness of territories; increase of receipts to budgets (regional, local) due to formation of qualitatively new model of regional economy, strengthening of competitive advantages of area and increase of economic capacity of territorial communities in the conditions of decentralization; increase in the volume of cargo transportation and cargo turnover of different types of transport; reduction of costs for the organization of logistics activities by reducing the transport component in the cost of services, reducing the time to perform customs procedures for clearance of goods; ensuring favorable institutional conditions for the functioning of the transport services market; social ‒ job creation and employment growth; ecological ‒ reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from transport due to optimization of transport flows; increasing the level of environmental safety.

ДЕРЖАВНА ПОЛІТИКА МИРОБУДІВНИЦТВА ТА ЇЇ ВПЛИВ НА ЕКОНОМІЧНУ БЕЗПЕКУ ДЕРЖАВИ

The article discusses the priorities of the state policy of peacebuilding and strengthening the economic security of the state. Monitoring of measures was carried out, aimed at reintegration of the temporarily occupied territories, minimization of the negative impact of risks and threats of military and hybrid aggression to maintain the trajectory of sustainable holistic socio-economic development of the country and its regions. Institutional and legal support of the policy of reintegration of the temporarily occupied territories was systematized and analytical evaluation of official transfers of local budgets of Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The adopted State Target Program for Restoration and Peacebuilding in the Eastern Regions of Ukraine was studied, deoccupation Strategy, and reintegration of the temporarily occupied territories. The issues of restoration and integration of housing infrastructure of Donetsk and Luhansk regions into the general state transport and logistics infrastructure were studied. A number of advantages and disadvantages of the state policy of peacebuilding in Ukraine are proposed and define their consequences for ensuring the reintegration of the occupied territories. The key obstacles to peacemaking in Donetsk and Luhansk regions at the present stage of development have been identified: slowdown in GDP growth; small export volumes; limited external and internal investments, opacity of sources of their attraction; high levels of hidden unemployment and insufficient employment of the population, intensification of external labor migration processes, business and intellectual capital migration; presence of manifestations of corruption, raiding and insecurity of private property rights; insufficiently high level of quality of life of the population and a significant share of internally displaced persons. The priority directions of public policy in the Strategy and a number of guiding documents are studied, which indicate the main benchmarks. The issue of operational and tactical activities of authorities of different levels in terms of peacekeeping has been studied, strengthening the economic security of the state with tools of economic stimulation of reintegration and ensuring the socioeconomic development of conflict territories.

КОГНИТИВНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРОЙ РЕГИОНА

The main directions and results of cognitive modeling for managing the strategic development of transport infrastructure of large-scale region are characterized.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ

A global imperative that is especially relevant for Ukraine in view of the social, environmental and economic challenges of sustainable development is to ensure sustainable development. Therefore, addressing the topic of prospects for the development of infrastructure in the country's regions, given the fact that Ukraine is currently moving towards the implementation of a wide range of reforms aimed at improving the welfare of the population is a very important topic. First, because the components of the infrastructure are the main principles of quality of life, which affect the level of satisfaction of citizens. Secondly, a highly developed infrastructure complex is able to bring the country to a whole new European level of development. In terms of infrastructure development, the following priority areas are: housing and communal services, transport and communications, medicine, education, recreation system, ecology, social security, culture, as the most important systems that ensure the gradual sustainable development of each region, and the country as a whole. Despite the sufficient attention of state and regional authorities to the development of infrastructure in many regions of the country, there are still problems of existing infrastructure facilities, such as - educational, cultural, sports, medical, preschool educational institutions and schools, hospitals, etc. The degree of wear of which sometimes reaches 60%. In addition, there are problems with the provision of urban and regional transport to meet the existing needs of residents of the city and its remote areas, which provokes significant time to travel, and so on. In general, the quality of most social infrastructure facilities leaves much to be desired, which determines the high degree of relevance of the topic of this article. The article analyzes the current state of educational institutions, health care and transport infrastructure of the Dnipropetrovsk region, identifies urgent problems. In addition, the problems of the development of transport infrastructure (insufficient number of transport units, its unsatisfactory technical condition, frequent breakdowns, high level of wear, etc.) are highlighted, which requires taking measures to increase the level of accessibility and comfort of transport in the region.

Развитие дорожной инфраструктуры Курской области в годы VIII и IX пятилеток (1966–1975 годы)

Relevance. The formation of a network of roads is one of the key conditions for the successful development of the country as a whole and individual regions in particular. Historical experience has shown that it is most profitable to move goods and people over long distances by land at the lowest cost by rail. But for the successful formation of transport logistics within the region, it is necessary to focus on the development of road communications. This is especially true for such a relatively small region as the Kursk region, where there are significant problems in the operation and maintenance of the road network. The period of the VIII and IX five-year plans is one of the most important in the history of the formation of the region's road network. At this time, a hard surface is being laid on almost all key highways of the region, and the formation of a modern road network is underway. Understanding the problems faced by road builders during the period under study makes it possible to understand in more detail the problems of the functioning of the modern road network of the Kursk region. The purpose. Show the main stages of the formation of the road infrastructure of the Kursk region in 1966–1975. Objectives: based on the study of a complex of historical sources to analyze the problems that the Kursk region faced when creating road infrastructure in 1966-1975, to reveal the found ways to solve these problems. Methodology. When writing the work, the author relied on the fundamental methods of historical science (the principles of historicism and objectivity), as well as on a number of specific historical and general scientific methods (analytical, comparative historical, etc.). Results. The absence of a regional complex of historiography on this issue indicates an insufficient study of the issue. This work not only introduces into scientific circulation the collected empirical material on the history of the de-velopment of road infrastructure, but also shows the main directions of this process. Conclusion. The creation of a network of roads and the formation of a developed road infrastructure in the Kursk region during the VIII and IX five-year plans served as a serious basis for the further economic development of the region, as well as for increasing the mobility of citizens by, first of all, improving the quality of road transport.

ОБРАЗ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ И РЕЛИГИОЗНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В РЕГИОНЕ РОССИЙСКО-КИТАЙСКОГО ПРИГРАНИЧЬЯ В ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ НАУЧНОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ

The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the essence of the ideas about the social security of the regions of the Russian-Chinese border in the domestic scientific discourse dedicated to Russian-Chinese interaction. The novelty of the article lies in fixing the contradictions between the concept, according to which any actions of the Chinese are considered by the threat to Russian society, and the concept, according to which China’s influence contributes to the development of the social infrastructure of the border regions. The authors first draw their attention to the fact that one of the factors of social security of the Russian-Chinese border is the content of research concepts that form images of the “threat of China” or the images of “equal interaction” with China. The result of the article has become a proposal of the social security model of the Russian-Chinese border, where the dynamics of the influence of the threat factors, factors of constructive interaction, and the factors of the influence of China would be taken into account

Mobile vehicles with extra-low pressure tires in the transport infrastructure of the Arctic region and northern territories of the Russian Federation

Many branches of the national economy are associated with the need to perform various transport as well as transport-and-technological processes. The efficiency of these works is directly related to the reliability and environmental compatibility of machines used in extreme off-road conditions in the Far North and the Arctic zone of Russia, where the major reserves of oil, gas, and other minerals are located. Improving the performance of these machines is inextricably connected with solving the problem of increasing their off-road capability. In the past two decades, a new stage began in solving this problem — a stage of designing eco-friendly off-road vehicles that can effectively operate on soil surfaces with poor load-bearing capacity. An effective way to increase the off-road capability and reduce the adverse environmental impact on the bearing surface is to equip mobile vehicles with low and extra-low pressure tires, which to date have been studied insufficiently. Based on this, we identify the main factors affecting the specific pressure of a highly elastic tire exerted on the ground and present a method for determining them in laboratory conditions. The obtained results of experimental studies of a Bel-79 1020x420-18 tire make it possible to assess the environmental compatibility of mobile vehicles with the vulnerable soil and vegetation cover in the northern territories of Russia.

Economic development of housing infrastructure of regions based on formation of building materials cluster

Economic development of housing infrastructure of regions based on formation of building materials cluster