Infrastructure Indicators Research Articles

Index of development of transport infrastructure as a factor of sustainable development of the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov, Russia

As a zone of interaction between land and sea, coastal zones are becoming a strategic area for achieving a sustainable expansion of economic space. The object of study is the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov (Rostov Region and Krasnodar Territory). The subject of the study is an assessment of the dynamics of transport infrastructure development index as a factor in the sustainable development of the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov.Methodological approaches to assessing the sustainable development of the territory were based on a methodology based on methods of system analysis, mathematical modeling, and GIS technologies. An indicator has been formulated that considers the area of the territory, the population, the length of public roads of local importance, the shipment of goods of local production, the work and services performed on their own, in order to measure the ‘economic’ load on the transport infrastructure.The analysis of the state of the transport infrastructure of the regions of the coastal zone for the period from 2015 to 2021 was carried out. Based on an analysis of the transport infrastructure index, it was concluded that the attraction of municipalities to the Rostov agglomeration, together with the strengthening of social, trade and infrastructure contacts with megacities will lead to a further increase in the anthropogenic load on the territory. The areas studied of the Krasnodar Territory belong to the Northern Economic Zone – a territory with a diversified economy, characterised by cross‐border links with neighboring regions.Highways are the most important link in the transport and logistics system. The level of development and the technical condition of the road network have a significant and diverse impact on the economic and social development of both the state as a whole and it individual regions.

Analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of education infrastructure development (A case study of 33 regencies/city in North Sumatra Province)

This study explores the spatial distribution pattern of educational infrastructure development across districts and cities in North Sumatra, identifying significant disparities between urban and rural areas. The study aims to: (1) determine the distribution of educational development across districts and cities, (2) analyze global spatial autocorrelation, and (3) identify priority locations for educational development policies in North Sumatra Province. The methodology includes quantile analysis, Moran’s Global Index, and Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) using GeoDa software to address spatial autocorrelation. The results indicate that there are nine areas with a low School Participation Rate Index (SPRI), eleven areas with a low School Facilities and Infrastructure Index (SFII), and eleven areas with a low Regional Education Index (REI). Spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals that SFII shows positive spatial autocorrelation, while SPRI and REI exhibit negative spatial autocorrelation, indicating a high level of inequality between regions. Labuhan Batu Selatan and Labuhan Batu are identified as priorities for the provincial government in overseeing educational development policies.

Analysis of current state and development trends of the tourism sector in the regions of the North Caucasus, Russia

The territory of the south of Russia, within which the North Caucasus Federal District is located, is a most suitable zone for the development of tourism and recreation due to its natural, climatic and geographical components. In this regard, identifying the potential of the tourism sector in the North Caucasian Federal District as one of the promising areas is an urgent task under modern geopolitical conditions.To analyze the level of saturation of the tourist infrastructure of accommodation and the demand for its services in the North Caucasus Federal District, the following indices were calculated: the number of places for tourist accommodation per 1000 permanent residents; number of tourists staying in accommodation facilities per 1 sq. km of territory; number of tourists staying in accommodation facilities per 1000 permanent residents; number of places to accommodate tourists per 1 sq. km. territories.Based on the analysis of the state and development of the tourism sector, as well as the calculated values of tourism infrastructure indices, the main trends in the development of the tourism sector and the problems of its functioning have been identified, which will make it possible to more effectively manage the existing unique tourist, recreational and ethnocultural potential of the territory.The positive dynamics of the main indicators in recent years indicates an increase in the attractiveness and competitiveness of the North Caucasian Federal District as a tourist destination. The analysis of statistical data allows us to draw conclusions about the reorientation of tourist flows from the central regions of Russia to the regions of the North Caucasus.

Development index and the challenges of adopting artificial intelligence in improving the quality of e-government services to citizens in Jordan

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the global and continental positions of e-government models in countries such as Jordan by analysing their experiences. The evaluation of the progress of e-government is carried out using a multi-practice methodology, which incorporates a variety of different procedures and techniques. The performance of Jordan is evaluated using the United Nations e-government maturity index, which is comprised of the Telecommunication Infrastructure Index, the Human Capital Index, and the Online Service Index. These indexes are used to compare Jordan’s performance from 2008 to 2015. The purpose of this research is to improve the capabilities of e-government by utilising previous experiences, addressing deficiencies, and making the most of potential. In addition to this, the study investigates the influence that artificial intelligence (AI) has on the confidence of users and the quality of government services that are delivered through online platforms. Specifically, the report underlines the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of adopting and utilising artificial intelligence, as well as the potential of tools and solutions that are driven by artificial intelligence.

AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON HEALTH STATUS INDEX IN NORTH-EASTERN STATES OF INDIA

The article discussed the Health Status Index in north-eastern states of India. It has been found that health status indices reveal the condition of health of people in the region/state. Sikkim have overall health better infrastructure index and it is the lowest in Arunachal Pradesh. The health limitation indices reveal that Sikkim, Mizoram and Tripura are the better health performing states. The ranking of Composite Health Status Index shows that Sikkim, Mizoram and Manipur are the better health performing states; Tripura, Meghalaya, and Nagaland are the moderate health performing states; Assam and Arunachal Pradesh are low health performing states. Therefore, Governments of low health performing States should implement policies for improving the health status of the concern state.

Digital infrastructure and innovation: Digital divide or digital dividend?

With more activities being moved online during the COVID-era, digital infrastructure, as a public service, is now playing a greater role in influencing innovation and making the symbiotic relationship between innovation subjects closer. While the surge in patenting in China is associated with a significant innovation gap, there is noticeable regional disparity in digital infrastructure. This study investigates whether the digital infrastructure divide widens the innovation gap in the context of the innovation ecosystem. Based on the entropy weight method, a comprehensive index of digital infrastructure was constructed using provincial panel data from China for the years 2013 to 2018. The findings suggest that the digital infrastructure divide widens the innovation gap; however, this gap can be narrowed by upgrading the industrial structure. The relationship between different regions in China involves both competitive and reciprocal symbiosis. The mediating effect of the industrial structure in the eastern region is smaller than that in the non-eastern region. Moreover, the digital infrastructure divide has a disadvantage for late adopters when digital infrastructure falls below a specific threshold. Once this threshold is crossed, its impact changes from a digital divide to a digital dividend.These findings have several theoretical implications. In digital economy literature, our support for comprehensively assessing the level of digital infrastructure is noteworthy. In innovation ecosystem literature, the broad framework that encompasses the evolution of innovation, including digital infrastructure and industrial structure, is significant. This study highlights the digitization of the innovation ecosystem and offers practical implications for narrowing the innovation gap between researchers, individuals, and policymakers.

Nexus between infrastructural development and economic growth: Evidence from Bangladesh through auto-regressive distributive lag and nonlinear auto regressive distributive lag analysis

This study aims to scrutinize the influence of infrastructure on the economic growth of Bangladesh, employing an extensive time series analysis spanning from 1973 to 2020. Utilizing Principle Component Analysis, two distinct indices were constructed to gauge the dimensions of economic and social infrastructure. Subsequently, Auto-Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) and Nonlinear Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (NARDL) bound tests were employed to assess the existence of long-run relationships among the variables under examination. The findings indicate a significant and positive contribution of economic infrastructure to both long and short-term production expansion. Upon further disaggregation into negative and positive shocks, consistent results emerge. An increase (decrease) in the economic infrastructure (EI) index by one unit corresponds to an upsurge (subside) of 0.16% (0.17%) in economic growth. In contrast, social infrastructure (SI) exhibits no significant long-run association with GDP growth. The discerned pattern suggests that EI play a pivotal role in driving aggregate output, while SI display a lag. Despite this, it is imperative to underscore the importance of SI for human development. Consequently, adopting a comprehensive and strategic approach, encompassing vision, ensuring quality inclusivity, and anti-corruption measures, is imperative for Bangladesh to fully realize the transformative potential of its infrastructure investments and foster sustained economic growth.

Quality Infrastructure and Sustainable Development: An Empirical Economic Analysis

Sustainable development is one of the most important goals set by many countries worldwide. The United Nations (UN) has prioritized it as a significant objective within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program. Sustainable development implies economic growth that benefits both present and future generations without compromising their well-being. Some analysts argue that sustainable infrastructure may be more advantageous when evaluated based on private cost-benefit criteria, although comparisons are needed for clarity. One challenge in testing this hypothesis is the lack of a clear measurable distinction between sustainable and non-sustainable infrastructure at the national or global level. In this study, we utilize two quality infrastructure indices to quantify the extent of sustainable infrastructure. These measures are then applied to a sample of countries to test hypotheses regarding the effect of per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and population on a country’s investment in quality infrastructure. The findings support the hypotheses that per capita GDP and population have a nonlinear effect on quality infrastructure, with both variables having a positive effect, albeit at a decreasing rate. At certain higher levels of per capita GDP or population, the effect turns negative. The policy implications for national governments and international organizations are also discussed, highlighting the need for tailored strategies to promote sustainable infrastructure development without undermining other much needed priorities such as eradicating extreme poverty. Keywords: development, sustainability, per capita GDP, population, quality infrastructure, marginal effects, elasticity, investment gaps

Global occurrence of organic micropollutants in surface and ground water: Highlighting the importance of wastewater sanitation to tackle organic micropollutants

The occurrence, fate and distribution of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in different water matrices is of increasing concern due to the negative effects towards flora, fauna and human health. This metadata study provides an updated picture of the global occurrence of OMPs in freshwater and wastewater in five geographical regions, and illustrates how socioeconomic factors are key elements that influence the concentration of these OMPs in the different water matrices. The study also aims to provide a collated database of OMPs removal efficiencies achieved by the different biological treatment technologies. Our findings demonstrated that OMPs like acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and triclosan are present globally in freshwater (> 500 ng/L) and wastewater (> 10, 000 ng/L), and at relatively higher concentrations than the other evaluated OMPs. Significant correlations between OMPs concentration in wastewater versus freshwater demonstrated wastewater to be a potential source of certain OMPs to the freshwater environment. This was further confirmed through correlation between OMPs concentration and socioeconomic factors like infrastructure index and governance index in both wastewater and freshwater. These results highlighted the importance of wastewater sanitation to control and reduce OMPs dissemination in the environment. Thus, various types of biological wastewater treatment processes including activated sludge processes, biofilm processes, wetland and lagoon, and membrane bioreactor were analyzed for their OMP’s removal efficiencies. Findings demonstrated that advanced processes like membrane bioreactors (MBR) may not always outperform other low-costs biotechnologies in the treatment of OMPs (e.g., bisphenol A removal by activated sludge with anoxic and oxic zone, AS-AAO was 93% versus MBR at 89%). But rather, the removal efficiency will depend on pollutant properties and certain operational parameters such as hydraulic retention time, treatment capacity, and removal efficiency of total suspended solids.

Bond Market Development and Infrastructure Development Index; an Analysis of African Countries with the Portfolio Investment Bonds

This paper analyses the empirical relationship between portfolio investment bonds and Infrastructure development index in Africa. The study seeks to establish if there is a statistically significant relationship between the portfolio investment bonds and infrastructure development index in Africa. Panel data of 13 countries for the period of 9 years from 2013 to 2022 was adopted. The study is supported by positivism philosophical underpinnings, a quantitative approach, multiple case design. It is a triangulation of correlation, regression, and hypothesis -testing through the linear dynamic panel data Generalized method of Momentum (GMM) model. This model estimates the empirical relationship between the key variables under study. The results from the study indicate a significant positive relationship between the portfolio dollar amount logged twice from the world bank data indicators and the infrastructure index from the Africa Infrastructure development Indicator (AIDI) also logged twice based on the model requirements. Therefore, countries that receive higher portfolio dollar amounts realize more infrastructure development. It is therefore recommended for African countries to create a Political, Economic and Regulatory supportive policies for bond market development especially the portfolio investment bonds. This paper ascertains a relationship between bond market development and Africa infrastructure development index. And develops policy discussions regarding infrastructure financing though a well-developed bond market with a variety of bond types

The role of digitalization, infrastructure, and economic stability in tourism growth: A pathway towards smart tourism destinations

AbstractThis study shows the impact of information and communication technology (ICT), inflation, economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI), infrastructural development, and financial development on the global tourism index across all income groups. We use a generalized method of moments technique, novel index of tourism, and ICT in 130 countries from 1995 to 2019. The empirical results infer an increase in tourism due to sustained growth in ICT (all panels), economic growth (all panels), FDI (all panels), financial development (all panels), and infrastructure development (all panels). This study highlights the importance of increasing 4G networking in remote areas and introducing reliable mobile applications to promote smart tourism, which involves setting up a Tourist Information Centre to guide tourists in terms of traveling, accommodation, food, shopping, parking, history of specific places, healthcare services, weather forecasting, and emergencies. The central bank could ensure price stability by using different tools of monetary and fiscal policy while encouraging FDI and ICT infrastructure in the tourism industry, especially in developing countries. Tourism is directly associated with foreign exchange earnings, which in turn increases the financial strength of an economy. Besides, prioritizing investment in infrastructure, particularly in sanitation and waste management, drinking water supply, clean fuel management, and generation of electricity, could bolster tourism. The contribution of this study employs multiple indicators in the form of a composite index (i.e., global tourism index, ICT index, and infrastructure index). In addition, we have developed a global ICT index using several related indicators.

On the Path of Increasing Farmer Income in the Yangtze River Delta Region under the Background of Digital Economy

The Yangtze River Delta is one of the most active economic development areas in China, accounting for only 2.1% of China's regional area, concentrating 1/4 of China's total economic output and more than 1/4 of industrial added value, and is regarded as an important engine of China's economic development. The analysis and discussion of the influencing factors of farmers' growth in the Yangtze River Delta region under the background of digital economy has great reference significance for the income growth of farmers in other regions. This paper first analyzes the current situation of farmers' income in Anhui Province, Jiangsu Province, Shanghai Municipality and Zhejiang Province in the Yangtze River Delta region, and then analyzes the impact of the industrial index, integration index and infrastructure index on the income of farmers in the digital economy index through regression model, and tests and corrects them. The results show that the integration index and infrastructure index have a significant impact on the income of farmers in Anhui Province, the spillover index has a significant impact on the income of farmers in Jiangsu Province, the industrial index has a significant impact on the income of farmers in Shanghai, and the integration index and infrastructure index have a significant impact on the income of farmers in Zhejiang Province. Based on this, corresponding suggestions are put forward in order to effectively increase the income of farmers in the four regions and provide corresponding reference for other regions.

Examining the global influence of e-governance on corruption: a panel data analysis

This study analyzes the impact of e-governance on corruption using a panel dataset comprising 110 countries over the period from 2003 to 2021. The specific focus of the research is on the relationship between the E-government Development Index (EGDI) and its four components, namely the Online Service Index (OSI), Human Capital Index (HCI), Telecommunication Infrastructure Index (TII), and E-Participation Index (EPI), and their effects on the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). To examine these relationships, the empirical analysis employs a fixed effect model, which is a suitable statistical approach for panel data analysis. The findings of the study reveal significant negative associations between the EGDI, OSI, HCI, and TII with corruption levels across countries worldwide. This implies that higher levels of e-government development, online service provision, human capital, and telecommunication infrastructure are associated with lower corruption perceptions. However, the EPI does not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship with the CPI. Based on these results, the paper provides recommendations for governments to prioritize two key areas. Firstly, governments should invest in the development of e-government infrastructure to enhance transparency, accountability, and efficiency in public administration, thereby reducing corruption. Secondly, initiatives aimed at enhancing public awareness and understanding of e-governance should be prioritized, as they contribute to increased citizen engagement and participation, which can ultimately lead to improved governance practices and reduced corruption levels.

Trends and Patterns of Human Capital Development and Economic Growth in Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries

The study analyses the trends and patterns of human capital development in the selected Sub- Saharan African countries during the period 1981-2020. The study variables were economic growth rate; human capital development - proxied by Human Development Index (HDI), physical infrastructure – proxied by Physical Infrastructure Index (PII), technology – proxied by Research and Development (R&D), growth of labour force, share of private investment in GDP, trade openness, financial openness and share of total government expenditure. The result indicates that the trends and patterns over the year for human capital development in SSA countries proxied

The Quality Infrastructure System in Mexico

This research is carried out due to the competitiveness difficulties that Mexico suffers due to its position in the Global Quality Infrastructure Index (GQII Global). Its objectives are to explain the scope of the quality concept, the integrating elements of the Quality Infrastructure System in Mexico, the connotation of the term innovation, economic growth factors, dynamic capabilities and strategic management as components of development, as well as the influence of marketing on quality management. To carry out this research, synthetic, analytical and dialectical methods had to be used fundamentally. Among the most significant results, it was found that export is a significant (not to say definitive or exclusive) reference in determining the degree of development of a country's quality infrastructure; the causes that inhibit the development of a Quality Infrastructure System were identified. From the interpretation and consequences of the findings of this research, the recognition of the advantages of the Quality Infrastructure System is concluded; the unveiling of the challenges that Mexico must overcome to obtain acceptable indicators in the Quality Infrastructure System Indices; the perception of the factors that generate Mexico's recent low indices in the Global GQII, and the encouraging future of Mexico in terms of Quality Infrastructure.

Targeted approach to assessing the impact of living conditions and social factors of the habitat on the medico-demographic status of rural territories in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

BACKGROUND:According to the Federal Law “On Sanitary-Epidemiological Well-being of the Population” the “environmental factors that have or may have an impact on humans and on health of future generations” along with chemical, physical and biological factors, also include “social factors". Within framework of section “State of Public Health in Connection with the State of Natural Environment and Living Conditions” of the system of state sanitary and epidemiological regulation, a significant number of normative and methodological documents have been approved aimed at assessing the impact of chemical, physical and biological environmental factors on population health, while not a single document has been developed concerning “social factors of habitat” or “living conditions”. In the “Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) until 2035” , the “main dangers, challenges and threats that form risks for development of AZRF” include clear signs of deterioration in medico-demographic situation, where, along with migration outflow, reduction of population number, high mortality rate, “lag behind all-Russian values of indicators characterizing quality of life”, poor state of social, housing, communal, transport infrastructure were noted.
 OBJECTIVES:development of the concept of “living conditions” as a set of “social factors of habitat” formed by “social infrastructure” of a settlement; development of conceptual model of determinants of human health, indicating place of living conditions (social infrastructure) in the frame of habitat; scientific substantiation of concept of “harmful effects of social factors of habitat”; development of targeted approach to assessing the impact of living conditions on medico-demographic status of rural areas of AZRF using scoring system for assessing living conditions, which makes it possible to rank individual villages according to the value of infrastructure indices and the integral index of living conditions (IILC).
 PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE:Implementation in practice of the proposed targeted methodological approach will make it possible to scientifically substantiate the need to take differentiated measures (managerial decisions) in relation to the identified “risk territorie”, “risk group”, and “risk pathologies”, aimed at improving living conditions, preserving public health, ensuring sanitary-epidemiological well-being, reducing the intensity of negative trends in demographic processes in the regions of AZRF.

Theoretical and Methodological Provisions of the Index of Economic Stability of Countries

Each institution of a complex economic system, as a matter of fact, has its effect on reducing or increasing the country's economic stability. When we look at the global economy, these various institutions, under the influence of random or non-random phenomena, continuously change the nature of their interactions, changing also the level of global economic stability. Based on the importance of economic stability, it is necessary to highlight the factors in the sphere of influence of which economic stability has a positive effect on various infrastructures of countries. The article discusses the current problems of economic stability in the 25 countries of the European Union. To solve this complex problem, econometric methods are used; in particular, correlation-regression analysis was carried out with the help of the EViews software package. The obtained results show that in order to ensure economic stability in each country, it is necessary to pay attention to the levels of such indices as the index of global innovation, the index of economic complexity, the index of human potential development, the index of quality infrastructure. As a result of our calculations, it was found that in order to ensure the economic stability of each country of the European Union, it is necessary to implement reforms in various economic directions, which are presented in our research.

Пространственный анализ инфраструктурных эффектов экономической динамики регионов России

Sustainable development of the transport system ensures the economic space unity, integrity and national security. The study hypothesises that infrastructure as an essential factor of well-being brings economic benefits to a region and determines its socio-economic growth, with effects extending beyond the region itself. Econometric and geoinformation methods were combined to conduct a spatial analysis of the impact of the capital-labour ratio, transport and telecommunication infrastructure on gross regional product per capita and labour productivity in industry, as well as to assess direct and spillover effects. The estimates revealed a statistically significant positive spillover effect of the capital-labour ratio, railway and telecommunication development indices on economic development. At the same time, negative direct effects of railway infrastructure indices on industry indicate that, in conditions of concentration of economic activity, the increasing transport system load does not correspond to its physical growth rates under heavy wear. This conclusion is confirmed by a negative spillover effect of the capital-labour ratio on labour productivity in industry in two model specifications with a direct positive effect. Providing access to networks and information resources for enterprises and population, as well as increasing technological capabilities and the speed of interaction between economic entities cause positive externalities of telecommunications for economy. Telecommunication infrastructure is a factor of industrial production growth, however, its negative spillover effects show that regions surrounded by regions with high mobile penetration rate are experiencing a slowdown in labour productivity in industry. The obtained estimates and the spatial correlation between gross regional product per capita and labour productivity in industry should be considered in programmes for financing infrastructure projects.

Simulation Study on Rain-Flood Regulation in Urban “Gray-Green-Blue” Spaces Based on System Dynamics: A Case Study of the Guitang River Basin in Changsha

Urban rainstorms and flood disasters are the most common and severe environmental problems worldwide. Many factors influence rain-flood control simulation, forming a complex network system of interconnected and mutually constraining elements. In terms of spatial scale selection, existing research on rain-flood disaster risk largely relies on a single-scale infrastructure index system and has not yet focused on urban “gray-green-blue” spatial scale simulations for rain-flood storage. Regarding research methodology, applying system dynamics methods to the simulation of rain-flood storage and disaster prevention planning in watershed cities is still in its initial stages. System dynamics models can simulate the feedback interactions among various sub-elements in the coupled mega-system, fully addressing complex issues within the system structure that involve multiple variables, non-linear relationships, and numerous feedback loops, thereby compensating for the inadequacies of traditional linear models in the collaborative management of rain-flood risks. Taking the Changsha Guitang River Basin as an example, this paper constructs a system dynamics model covering four dimensions: natural environment, socio-economics, internal structure, and policy development. It aims to derive the optimal planning scheme for gray-green-blue spatial coordination in rain-flood storage by weighing four different development scenarios. The simulation results show: (1) Simply changing the surface substrates without considering rainwater discharge and the plan that emphasizes the construction of municipal drainage facilities will see the capacity gap for rain-flood storage-space construction continue to widen by 2035. This indicates that the plans mentioned above will struggle to bear the socio-economic losses cities face during rain-flood disasters. (2) The plan of combining gray and green infrastructures sees the rain-flood storage construction capacity turn from negative to positive from 2024, rising to 52.259 billion yuan by 2035. This reflects that the plan can significantly reduce the rainwater volume in the later stages of low-impact development infrastructure construction, mitigate rain-flood disaster risks, and reduce government investment in rain-flood disaster risk management, making it a relatively excellent long-term rain-flood storage space planning option. (3) The rain-flood regulation space planning scheme, under the combined effect of the urban “gray-green-blue” network system, sees the capacity for rain-flood storage construction turn positive a year earlier than the previous plan, reaching 54.232 billion yuan by 2035. This indicates that the scheme can not only effectively respond to extreme flood and rainstorm disasters but also maintain ecological environment benefits and mitigate the socio-economic losses caused by disasters, making it the optimal choice for future government disaster management planning. The research results provide a theoretical framework and practical insights for territorial spatial planning, rain-flood control management, and resilient city construction in watershed areas.

Indexing blood banking performance in India: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of states and districts

BackgroundMultiple international assessments have highlighted gaps in blood banking globally. However, there is a dearth of subnational assessments. We applied a thematic framework with multiple composite indices to assess blood bank performance across Indian states and districts. MethodsIn this retrospective cross-sectional analysis, data for 2493 blood banks in 35 states/union territories (UTs) and 616 districts was extracted from the National Blood Transfusion Council for 2016. The framework involved seven themes (accreditation, ownership, safety, volume, infrastructure, regulation, and workforce) with several indicators nested under them. Composite thematic indices and an overall index (0-100, with 100 being the best performance) were constructed using the adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto index method that can provide composite indices that are partially non-compensatory and easily interpretable. ResultsThe state-level median [interquartile range] value of the overall index was 59.61 [46.35, 71.67]. Chandigarh had the highest values for safety, regulation, workforce, and ownership indices, Maharashtra for volume and infrastructure indices, and Manipur for accreditation index. Districts in southern and western states performed well on the overall index with inter- and intra-state variations for themes. District-level correlations depicted positive associations among indices with the strongest correlation between ownership and accreditation indices (n=616, R=0.92, p<0.001). ConclusionBlood banking in India is fragmented, with variations in themes across geographies. The northern and northeastern states require more attention for volume, accreditation, infrastructure, and ownership. While the southern and western-central regions need to prioritize safety. The framework with thematic indices, when applied to routine data, can be useful for monitoring and evaluation to decide local policies and resource allocations.