Infrastructures in Japan suffered severe damage in the Hyogoken–Nambu earthquake that occurred on 17 January 1995. The expressway bridges operated by Japan Highway Public Corporation (JH) also had serious damage. According to the lessons from experience of the earthquake, JH has been constructing highway networks having higher seismic reliability as an emergency transporting lifeline, and has been urgently implementing seismic retrofit work. This paper consists of two chapters. First, the outline of seismic retrofit of reinforced concrete piers is described. Second, the seismic retrofit of high hollow circular reinforced concrete piers having cut-off of longitudinal reinforcement and changed wall thickness along the height with carbon fiber sheets is indicated.