Information Technology Assets Research Articles

Digital Transformation in IT Asset Management Process

Information Technology Asset Management (ITAM) is a key process in the Information Technology (IT) sector. Since the late 20th century, maintaining a growing number of IT assets has become a challenging task. It requires technological advancements to streamline ITAM processes efficiently and cost- effectively. The digital transformation of ITAM processes can help organizations overcome many challenges. Digitalizing asset management processes requires a centralized repository for efficiently managing IT assets, such as workstations, laptops, and even software assets. This enhances security and ensures that assets adhere to security compliance. Technologies for digital transformation, alongside techniques such as process automation and the adoption of advanced Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, can be utilized to improve ITAM. These technologies and techniques enable organizations to improve their asset management processes, meeting the organization's needs. This paper addresses the impact of digital transformation on IT Asset Management and explores areas for process improvement. Digital transformation impacts Asset Management by enabling faster asset- related decision-making, optimizing asset utilization, reducing maintenance costs, and providing greater transparency and asset traceability.

Decision Making on a Software Upgrade or Decommission with Data Mining and Machine Learning Techniques in Information Technology Industry

The Organizations have been investing more in Technology and Infrastructure spends like software upgrades, software renewals, software replacements, platform migrations etc., apart from investment in Business, People, and Processes. In this context, it is not an easy task for stakeholders to decide whether to go for a software upgrade or to replace it with another software. There is no unified approach or solution to consolidate data and relationships of Information Technology Assets, Software Upgrades, Software costs, Software defects, Software Performance Metrics, Security issues, IT system versions, service level objectives etc. Due to this, the decision making of software upgrades and software decommissioning is a tedious process and takes more time and effort. There is a need to build a solution that can integrate and validate the information like software assets, software upgrade success and failure likelihoods, cost benefit analysis of Cloud Computing, software metrics for fault prediction, software maintainability prediction results, Digital Transformation readiness and other related factors. There is an opportunity to apply Machine Learning techniques in defining and deriving the success likelihoods on the following data: Systems and data integration, software assets compatibility, operational service level agreement breaches, quality assurance metrics, security issues, number of open defects, number of defect fixes, number of priority incidents, mean time to resolve critical incidents, expected cost increase in software maintenance, potential cost reduction with the software or hardware replacement etc. This Research Proposal outlines the above mentioned to build a recommendation system aka decision tree namely Software Upgrades or Decommissions Life Cycle.

Audit Keamanan Sistem Informasi Puskesmas Dengan Standar ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Dan Framework COBIT 5

One of the problems of a company is the security of information systems. High security is needed to maintain the confidentiality and misuse of information within the organization. To improve the security of business operations and the quality of information technology resources, it is necessary to evaluate the security of existing information technology assets. Just like one of the systems at PT Infokes Indonesia, namely the Health Center Information System, this is a multi-functional application based on a web base so that it can be used by more than one user at the same time as patient recording is done electronically. The purpose of this study was to conduct a security audit of the Health Center Information System at PT. Infokes Indonesia uses ISO/IEC 27001:2013 and the COBIT 5 framework to document audit findings of information system audits at PT. Infokes Indonesia to make an audit report. Based on the results of research that has been conducted through interviews and questionnaires using the COBIT 5 framework and using the APO13 sub domain, the results show that Existing Capability is at level 1 while the expected Capability Level is at level 3 so that the Capability Gap is 2.

ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY GOVERNANCE MANAGEMENT OF WORK UNITS IN XYZ AGENCIES WITH THE COBIT FRAMEWORK 2019

Information Technology (IT) governance has become an important topic in information system management because it can affect the ability of companies/organizations and government agencies to achieve goals. Maturity level assessment in the Information and Communication Technology Division (Div TIK) work unit needs to be carried out in order to determine the current condition of IT governance. Maturity level measurement is carried out using the COBIT 2019 framework, namely by mapping organizational goals into COBIT 2019 so that related domains are obtained. Measuring the level of maturity in the Div TIK work unit shows that there are 8 process domains. The EDM01, APO07, APO08, BAI01, and MEA04 domains are at level 3 while the APO04, BAI11, and DSS04 domains are at level 4. Measuring the value of the gap between the current maturity level and the expected maturity level is also carried out. The biggest discrepancy value is in the APO04 domain with a value of 1.48, and the smallest is in the APO07 domain with a value of 0.59. Analysis of improvements that can be carried out to increase the maturity level include periodically assessing whether the agreed IT governance mechanisms are operating effectively; conducting regular reviews to assess skills evolution; and controlling IT services, assets and resources.

Information Technology Governance Using the COBIT 2019 Framework at PT. Pelindo TPK Bitung

The governance of information technology (IT) is crucial for companies in managing their IT assets. This research investigates the implementation of COBIT 2019 at PT. Pelindo TPK Bitung, a logistics and storage company, aiming to enhance its Information Technology (IT) governance. Facing challenges in IT management, the company adopted COBIT 2019 to improve operational efficiency, reduce security risks, and ensure regulatory compliance. The study employs a structured approach, utilizing the COBIT 2019 Design Toolkit, and includes a literature review, interviews, and systematic evaluations of PT. Pelindo TPK Bitung's IT governance. Findings from the first interview highlight the company's focus on growth, innovation, and strategic IT roles, alongside challenges in integrating IT and operations. The prioritized governance objective, DSS05 - Managed Security Services, achieves a capability level 3, indicating substantial success, though gaps in security aspects necessitate prompt policy reviews. In conclusion, PT. Pelindo TPK Bitung's COBIT 2019 implementation has achieved significant success, reaching a capability level 3, with suggestions provided for sustaining and enhancing security management. This research contributes insights into COBIT 2019 implementation, offering a comprehensive understanding of its impact on IT governance in a specific organizational context

Analisis Resiko Keamanan Informasi Website Repository Digital Library Menggunakan Framework ISO/IEC 27001 & 27002: Studi Kasus Perguruan tinggi X

The continuous evolution of digital repositories in the era of globalization, especially in context of higher education digital libraries, poses security risks that raise concerns among users. Existence of sensitive user data that requires protection by universities adds to this concern. This research aims to conduct comprehensive analysis of information security risks associated with digital library repository websites. This research seeks to identify potential vulnerabilities, threats that could compromise the confidentiality, integrity and availability of digital assets stored in repositories. Through detailed risk analysis, this research provides actionable insights and recommendations to improve the information security posture of digital libraries using the ISO/IEC 27001 and 27002 IT governance framework specifically tailored to information security standards. This research uses a literature review and interviews with responsible parties at the University of X's digital library repository. Findings show that the use of tools such as Acunetix helps identify vulnerabilities in web repositories. Risk mitigation in digital library web repositories involves the application of ISO/IEC 27001, 27002 standards, which results in specific risk mitigation actions. For example, universities should create policies to monitor information technology assets, ensuring regular monitoring to protect technology assets. In addition, for Database Management System (DBMS) management (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Ms SQL Server), colleges must facilitate easy access and storage of information. By implementing the recommendations obtained from this research, higher education institutions can ensure safe environment for users accessing digital library web repositories, thereby reducing concerns about the security of their information.

Digitalization and employment in Europe: the role of firm's size and the complementarity of R&D

The empirical research finds a contingent, slightly positive net effect on the relationship between digitalization and employment, resulting from the automation and reinstatement of jobs, the two countervailing forces revealed by the theoretical literature. We dig down at the features of this relationship, using two waves of Innobarometer surveys to capture the innovation investments of a sample of European enterprises in 2015 and 2016. Adding to previous studies, we identify an inverted U‐shape between degrees of digitalization and employment; this effect is more prominent in small companies with fewer than 50 employees. The effect diminishes for very large companies. In addition, we show complementarity links between research and development (R&D) investments and digital ones proxied by investing in software development and acquiring hardware and software. Specifically, we find support for a positive association between employment and investment in information technology (IT) assets and R&D. On average, companies that invest in both IT and R&D have 11.5% more employees than those that embrace just one. While we observe that small companies that invest in either type of IT asset employ more people, at larger enterprises, the positive effect is only found when they invest in both. The study supports the findings using alternative regression methods, quantile, and Lewbel instrumental variables.

A Value Proposition Analysis of Emerging Circular Economy Business Models in the WEEE Sector

Due to the rapid economic growth, growing demand for high-tech products, and decreasing service life of products, global waste generation from the electrical and electronic equipment sector is increasing. From the environmental and economic perspective, the circular economy (CE) emphasizes e-waste prevention as it is one of the fastest-growing waste streams having both valuable and rare materials as well as toxic substances. It is common to manage electrical products at their end-of-life through circular practices however, knowledge and implementation of CE in the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) sector still need to be improved. End-of-life practices center on recycling, and the percentage of valuable resources recovered is low. There is a missing insight into the business opportunities for alternative end-of-life options such as reusing, repairing, and re-manufacturing that hold stakeholders from implementing circular strategies. To fill the gaps identified, we developed a research question for investigating and analyzing the services offered and the electrical products adaptable to CE business models (CEBMs) of young companies operating in the WEEE. This study aims to explore the business models (BMs) of circular practice-based business options such as buyers and sellers of used and refurbished electronic devices, information technology asset dispositions (ITADs) companies, and e-waste recyclers to enhance other researchers with a better understanding of business options toward end-of-life e-waste handling and emerging issues in this industry. We conduct a literature review on CEBMs in the WEEE and conduct a multiple-case analysis of 412 emerging circular companies in the WEEE selected from the Crunchbase database to explore their BMs. Key findings show that most young WEEE companies focus on IT and telecom equipment and consumer electronics. Emerging WEEE companies mostly involve asset management and e-waste Recycling service, followed by ITAD services, trade-in/buyback, and reselling of preowned and refurbished electrical devices service, and e-waste collection, recycling, and disposal service. These companies provide unique offerings such as information security, compliance, trustworthiness, convenience, quality, social responsibility, and charitable purpose. Studies in the future may explore other dimensions of these BMs to gain a comprehensive picture and support the design of CEBMs.

Peer Pressure, Information Technology Adoption, and Bank Performance

Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: The study examines cross-sectional dependence among banks to invest in information technology-related assets. We also analyse the short- and long-term impacts of information technology (IT) adoption on banks’ profitability and the variations in effects between early and late adopters. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study uses autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) with dynamic fixed approach, standard fixed-effect ordinary least square and random effect model with double clustering regressions. Research findings: The study finds a positive effect of peer pressure on a bank’s investment in IT assets. It also documents that IT adoption reduces short-term profitability, but the joint effect of early adoption increases both short- and long-term profitability. Theoretical contribution/Originality: The study contributes to the banking and technology adoption literature by showing the evidence on a positive and significant effect of peer pressure on IT adoption. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings are significant for the banking sector’s policy makers in emerging economies. Research limitation: The findings may not be applicable in the context of a developed economy with a strong IT infrastructure.

Characterizing IT asset disposition flows for the circular economy: A case study on export for reuse from Ireland

AbstractUnderstanding flows of resource‐rich electrical and electronic equipment throughout its life cycle is increasingly important in the development of global circular economies, reflected by heavy legislative focuses on waste prevention and resource use efficiency. This research facilitates broader material flow analysis by characterizing flows of professional IT equipment within the Republic of Ireland, emphasizing the flow of legal exports for the purposes of refurbishment and reuse. The analysis of transboundary movement of non‐waste used equipment contributes to a less often measured, but influential, facet of material flows. Eight key exporters of used equipment, comprising original equipment manufacturers, information technology asset disposition companies, and waste treatment facilities, were interviewed to characterize the sector, map the flow of materials, and identify gaps in existing reporting. Interviewed organizations declared exports of used equipment by category using a voluntary declaration form. Two key flows were identified representing currently unreported and unmeasured flows of non‐waste professional equipment. A total of 441,261 units of equipment were declared to be exported for reuse from the Republic of Ireland through these previously unmeasured flows in 2019. Product keys developed by United Nations University were used to estimate the weight of total units exported as approximately 576 metric tons, amounting to an additional approximately 9% of the weight of IT equipment collected in the Republic of Ireland in 2018, or 0.1 kg per inhabitant. These quantifications of IT equipment exported for reuse will be a key component of future material flow analyses in the development of a circular economy.

АКТИВИ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ: ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЯ, ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ І ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ В ОБЛІКУ

ІТ-активи стали важливими елементами в усіх секторах економіки, оскільки вони здатні не тільки підтримувати функціонування бізнесу, але і підвищувати ефективність діяльності й покращувати конкурентні переваги. Нині вони формують і трансформують бізнес і навіть створюють нові бізнес-реалії. Однак ІТ-активи не мають сенсу без інших корпоративних активів і не створюють вартості самі по собі. ІТ-система координує і забезпечує ефективність, об’єднує активи в унікальний спосіб для створення доданої вартості й чистого грошового потоку. Стратегічні інвестиції змінюють становище фірм на ринку, підтримуючи вихід на новий ринок або розробку нових продуктів, послуг чи бізнес-процесів. Обґрунтовано, що інвестиції в різні ІТ-активи визначаються стратегіями фірм і приносять цінність за параметрами продуктивності відповідно до їх стратегічної мети. Інвестиції в активи інформаційних технологій згруповано за такими напрямами: стратегічні, інфраструктурні, інформаційні й трансакційні активи. Розроблено призначення інвестицій у окремі групи ІТ-активів, очікувані вигоди і варіанти використання. Реалізація цього напряму також потребує інвестицій у інші, крім ІТ, активи, використання яких забезпечить виробництво нових видів продукції, послуг, зберігання продукції і товарів тощо. Визначено, що об’єкти обліку активів інформаційних технологій є високотехнологічними і мають як матеріальну, так і нематеріальну частини. Суб’єкт господарювання, визначивши, що ІТ-актив включає як нематеріальні, так і матеріальні елементи, при оцінюванні, який з них є більш значущим, має використовувати судження. На практиці можливими є ситуації, коли фізична складова об’єкта обліку амортизується більше, ніж нематеріальна. Цінність нематеріальної складової у процесі використання може зростати. У цьому випадку ми рекомендуємо замінити, якщо це можливо, фізичну частину об’єкта до закінчення терміну його використання.

Developing Business Services Using IBM SPSS Statistics

Developing Business Services. This study examines business development services for entrepreneurs, which should be offered in various phases. Non-financial services and products are defined as business services. “Business services” is a common term used to describe supportive but firm objects and non-productive work. Information technology (IT) is an important supporting service in many businesses, such as shipping and finance. A good business service aligns with the company’s IT assets, employees, and customers’ requirements, supports business goals, and facilitates company profitability. The IT sector provides business documenting the value of infrastructure processes, IT service audit, IT service inventory creation or renewal, and/or delivery to improve communication, including an employee self-service portal. More information about this source text is required for additional translation; please send feedback using the side panels. Business services are a support business but produce a solid product. Information technology (IT) is an important business support service in shipping, procurement, and various businesses like finance. Business development is about promoting development in your company to increase revenue strategies and opportunities through the process of implementation. Pursuing opportunities, identifying new opportunities, and converting more customers, including commercial services, are activities that help businesses but do not provide tangible substance. For example, information technology in shipping, procurement, and various businesses like finance supports these services. To help your business grow, you need to pursue opportunities and develop strategies to increase revenue. This involves conducting extensive market research, raising visibility and awareness, promoting thought leadership, conducting outreach, generating quality leads, providing exemplary customer service, and developing sales content from success stories. SPSS statistics is a data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analytics, business intelligence, and criminal investigation developed by IBM for a statistical software package. A long time, spa Inc. was created by IBM, which purchased it in 2009. The brand name for the most recent versions is IBM SPSS statistics. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability result showed that the overall Cronbach’s alpha value for the model is .490, indicating 50% reliability. From the literature review, the above cronbach’s alpha value of 46% can be considered to analyze the model.

Audit Keamanan Sistem Informasi Menggunakan Cobit 5 di PT. Paramita Surya Makmur Plastika

One of the main problems for a company is information system security. High security is needed to maintain the confidentiality and misuse of information in the organization. To improve the security of business operations and the quality of information technology resources, it is necessary to evaluate to optimize the security of existing information technology assets. The purpose of this research is to carry out an information system security audit at PT. Paramita Surya Makmur Plastika using COBIT 5 and documenting the information system audit findings of PT. Paramita Surya Makmur Plastika to produce an audit report. Based on the results of research that has been carried out through interviews and questionnaires using COBIT 5 and using the APO13 and DSS05 sub domains, the results show that the existing capability is at level 1 while the expected capability level is at level 3 andt the capability gap is 2.

DIGITAL TWIN CONCEPT FOR INDONESIA DIGITAL GOVERNMENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY GOVERNANCE

This paper explores the possibility of digital twin concept implementation framework in Indonesia Digital Government Systems (IDGS) using Information Technology (IT) Governance indicators states in Indonesian Government regulation. The concept of Indonesia Digital Government regulated by Indonesia Presidential Regulation no. 95 year 2018 that define digital government as a governance that adapting to advances of technology information and communication and utilize optimally so it can provide service to citizen in most efficient and effective way. Indonesia government implement IT Governance using regulation publish by the Minister of State Apparatus and Bureaucracy Reform No. 59 year 2020 about monitoring and evaluation of Indonesia Digital Government System. In the regulation, the governance consists of monitoring, which is a systematic assessment process through verification of information on the results of the Self-Assessment to measure the maturity level of implementation and the evaluation, is a process of self-assessment systematically through verification and clarification of information which can be continued with information validation to the results of the Self-Assessment to measure maturity level of digital government system implementation. The concept of exploiting digital twin concept to Governed IT Management is a framework introduce by Geert Poels, Henderik A. Proper and Dominik Bork in 2021. The Digital Twin concept itself already utilize to do such as monitoring data, data analysis, conduct simulation, and enhances performance of assets. The framework will be use as a technology infrastructure reference model that facilitate Digital Twin in conceptual aspect where process of IT governance, organizational IT assets management and IT management processes, connected.

Analysis and Ranking of IT Risk Factors Using Fuzzy TOPSIS-Based Approach

In today’s age of information and communication technology (ICT), many companies are using advanced digital technologies as well as the application of information technology to grow the company and effectively manage their processes. The risk management of information technology plays a crucial role in protecting the important information and data assets of an enterprise. The key objective of risk management in information technology is to safeguard the digital infrastructure from ICT-related harm. An efficient as well as cost effective risk managing mechanism is an integral aspect of an extensive safety system for information technology. A successful approach to IT risk management would strive to protect the company and its infrastructure, not just its digital assets, to conduct their process. Subsequently, the risk managing mechanism must not be viewed solely for instance as a procedural task performed by the IT specialists who run and administer the IT program but as the organization’s critical management task. The risks of information technology assets are of a dynamic nature; different strategies tackle the management of information security risk. This research paper is intended to review and discuss information technology risk managing procedures. We also carried out a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)-based empirical investigation to analyses and prioritized different IT risk factors. This has recognized that there are many reports on the techniques, and that various approaches to risk management exist.

The effect of digital transformation on firm performance: evidence from Swedish listed companies

PurposeThe objective of this research is to examine empirically the effects of digital maturity (DM) on the firm's financial performance as measured by return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and Tobin's Q.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a panel data sample of 92 observations collected from 23 listed firms on Sweden's stock exchange over four years, 2015–2018. The authors hand collect DM from the digital leader's reports and collect financial data from DataStream. Using both static and dynamic panel (generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation) regression models to perform endogeneity problem, the authors explore the impact of the DM index on ROA, ROE and Q of Tobin.FindingsThe results show that DM has a negative effect on ROA and ROE but a positive effect on Q of Tobin. This negative relationship can be explained, by the fact that information technology (IT) investment and the DM could take years to be materialized and to be captured by performance indicators. Company investment in IT will increase and basically the ROA will be negatively affected because the higher value of IT assets is not amortized. Nevertheless, in the long term, company can maximize its performance. The positive effect on Q of Tobin captures the long-run effect of digital transformation.Research limitations/implicationsThis research can be helpful for firms in their process of digital transformation to succeed with the change, create value and to understand the challenges they have to face. In the short term, firms undertaking digital transformation will face some financial difficulties which affect negatively their ROA and ROE, but in the long term they can maximize their performance (captured by Tobin’s Q) and improve their market value.Originality/valueIn previous research, the impact of digital transformation on performance has been measured in terms of revenue growth, profit margins and in terms of earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT). Even if the authors have sufficient evidence of the positive effect of digital transformation on organizational performance, there is no support of the positive effect on financial performance. So, the authors try to fill this gap. This research has also the merit of examining this relationship empirically through a dynamic panel data estimation two-step system GMM, while the majority of previous studies are qualitative in nature based on interviews and questionnaires or simple correlations.

Security Measures to Protect Information Technology Assets

Information systems security is very important to help protect against this type of theft. Organizations are especially vulnerable hence there is need to have appropriate measures to protect the information technology assets. The objectives of this paper include. To review risk mitigation measures and To identify techniques used to safeguard information assets Methods/Statistical analysis: Primary data was used drawn from mobile social users in Nairobi and Mombasa Counties in Kenya.481 respondents, both descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. Findings: From the study it was found out that user education is important to safeguard information technology assets the study indicated that 65.6% of the respondents agreed user education can mitigate threats and risks. Further 62.3% who emphasized that authentication of various users is also important to safeguard the information technology assets. The study findings indicated that 73.8% of the respondents acknowledged encryption protects data from unauthorized access recommendations there is need to explore digital forensics security so that to enhance the security of information technology assets

Information Technology Asset Security Risk Management at the Secretariat of the Salatiga City DPRD Using ISO 31000

The lack of resources that have an information technology background in handling information technology asset security risks makes it asset management in the Secretariat of the Salatiga City DPRD less optimal. The application of risk management is very necessary, especially in the security of information technology assets in agencies because it can help all existing business process activities in agencies so that they can run well. For this reason, it is necessary to implement information technology asset security risk management using ISO 31000 in these agencies. By implementing the ISO 31000 framework at the Secretariat of the Dprd Kota Salatiga can assist agencies in achieving goals, making decisions, improving performance, and effectively allocating and using resources for risk management. The purpose of this study is to identify, analyze, and handle information technology security risks that exist in the Secretariat of the Salatiga City DPRD. The method used by this research is a qualitative approach, namely case study. The result of this study is that there are 20 possible risks that can interfere with business processes in the Secretariat of the Salatiga City DPRD, including 3 possible high-level risks, 12 possible medium-level risks, and 5 possible low-level risks.

Penerapan Metode Access Control List Pada Jaringan VLAN Menggunakan Router Cisco

In the rapid development of information technology, the role of information technology is very important for a company that is especially engaged in technology. In companies engaged in technology solution services, optimizing information technology assets, management of hardware and software is the main thing. In addressing these problems, researchers will implement grouping and distribution of network access rights which aim to manage networking devices in the same broadcast. By using the Access Control List Routing method. VLAN technology is a virtual network to share the network in the same device in this case the settings on the Cisco router, so that it can communicate with different networks even though they are physically in the same segment. The Access Control List network provides a network security solution because of the blocking system for access outside the network that has been set up.

Integrated Network and Security Operation Center: A Systematic Analysis

Traditionally, network and security operation center teams have worked in silos despite commonalities. The network operating center (NOC) team is to provide operationality and availability of information technology (IT) assets, while the security operation center (SOC) team is to ensure IT assets security and protect them from cyber-security attacks. The convergence in IT assets and exponential growth in cyber-security threats in the present digital-online scenario have created many challenges in maintaining network and IT assets effectively and protecting them. It is vital to break these silos and bring them under one integrated unit to effectively counter cyber-security attacks, threats, and vandalism at a reduced operational cost. Despite its necessity, the relevant literature lacks an opinion. It focuses mainly on conceptual segments instead of a holistic view of an integrated NOC and SOC architecture, limiting further innovations in the field. A systematic literature review and analysis is conducted to collate and understand current research ideas in this paper. The mapped relevant literature and our expertise have been then used to propose the implementable state-of-the-art architecture of an integrated NOC and SOC, its definition, the main building blocks and its usefulness for the organizations. Only explicit knowledge of people is considered while neglecting the tacit knowledge in automating and integrating the processes of NOC and SOC, which is the major limitation of the relevant literature. Taping people tacit knowledge is necessary for utilizing the entire caliber of the NOC and SOC integration in the future.