Age Of Information Technology Research Articles

Post-‘Lee-Luda’ personal information protection in Korea: developer responsibility and autonomous AI governance

In South Korea, artificial intelligence (AI)-related personal information protection has long been an issue, and the Lee-Luda (also referred to as ‘Iruda’) incident drove the development of specific policies and guidelines. The Lee-Luda case is fairly important for AI governance in Korea, since the Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC) decision was the first to make a judgment on the Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA) violations as a result of development and operation of AI. Following the Lee-Luda case, Korean society became more aware of the risks posed by privacy infringement in the age of intelligent information technology. Lawmakers began to establish legal frameworks for the protection of personal information while developing AI products and services. This study reviews legal issues and suggests policy directions while highlighting the significance of the Lee-Luda case, which was an epochal turning point in the protection of personal information related to AI products and services in Korea. First, the authors review the PIPC’s decision on Scatter Lab’s violation of the PIPA, analyse the legal issues in the Lee-Luda case, and derive the significance and limitations of the decision. Next, the authors suggest that it is desirable for AI governance to move towards self-regulation in a manner that ensures the autonomy of AI developers and operators; they also review the recent trends in the laws and policies on data protection that have been continually developed since the Lee-Luda case, especially with a focus on the AI Personal Information Protection Self-Checklist (Self-Checklist).

Cyber Threats and Nuclear Weapons by Herbert Lin

Nuclear weapons are a throwback to the analog age. This is a good thing because in the digital era, air-gapped, nuclear command, control, and communication systems operating with antiquated software and hardware are resistant to today's internet-enabled cyber threats. As Herbert Lin notes in this brilliant little book, however, the safety, security, and surety inherent in the analog nuclear complex is eroding as the digital revolution overtakes just about every aspect of scientific, technological, commercial, and social life. By exploring the nuclear complex as a system and across the life-cycle of its various components, Lin illustrates how cyber context (the growing presence and interaction of digital systems) and cyber operations (digital attacks intended to compromise computer systems and the humans that operate them) threaten the integrity of a nuclear arsenal in a myriad of ways. Officers and officials can do little to arrest this trend. Dealing with the growing presence of Information Age technology in the nuclear complex creates a series of dilemmas that can never be fully resolved by designers, manufacturers, and operators. Every component in the nuclear complex—delivery systems, communications, sensors, and nuclear weapons themselves—can be compromised if actors can manage to incorporate malware or unauthorized hardware into the manufacturing process. It is possible to limit this threat, but such measures increase costs while decreasing capability and ease of operation. This pattern emerges when it comes to mitigating cyber threats against each component and function of the nuclear complex.

Tamil Speech Synthesizer App for Android: Text Processing Module Enhancement

Objectives: Designing dynamic computer systems that are effective, efficient, simple, and satisfying to use is becoming extremely important in this age of information and communication technology. Text to Speech or Speech Synthesis is one of the many methods being investigated by researchers to improve Human-Computer Interaction. The goal here is to improve the text processing component of the Tamil voice synthesizer by including a text normalizer and loan word identification that is efficient and reliable. Methods: Text normalization is conducted on unconstrained Tamil text to turn non-standard terms into common words to reduce confusing utterances during intermediate word processing. Loan/Native words in Tamil literature are detected to enhance the Tamil voice synthesizer system’s pronunciation model. Findings: During normalization, non-standard Tamil words are replaced with standard ones to reduce ambiguous utterances during interim processing. A pronunciation model is built to improve the Tamil speech synthesizer system by identifying loan words in Tamil text. A syllable classifier is presented in this study, based on a decision list approach, which can handle various types of non-stationary sounds. Novelty: We also disclose a ’loan/native word classifier’ based on multiple linear regressions that perform well even with small words of three syllables. Such sophisticated text processors are required in today’s dominating Digital, Information-Communication Technology, and Human-Computer Interaction age. Keywords: Mobile Communication Technology; HumanComputer Interaction; Speech Synthesis Affirms; Syllable Classifier; Prerecorded database

ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN BIG DATA INVESTMENT

This century has witnessed the greatest development of information technology. Accordingly, the factor of the developments in the field of knowledge has become more influential in life. Therefore, institutions must obtain the most important elements of success, catch up with the latest changes, and maintain their ability to compete and persist in the market in the age of information technology. The massive accumulation of data and information and the emergence of the so-called big data (BD), have led to an urgent need to manage knowledge and the ability to invest in it. On this basis, arose the need to conduct this research that deals with the role of knowledge management (KM) in decision-making for institutions. This research aims at shedding light on the role of KM in BD investment in the Ministry of education in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this goal, the descriptive analytical method was used, which depends on the evaluation of many works and research papers, during the period from 2014 to 2022. After evaluating many studies, the study concluded that it is necessary first, to publish more Arabic future studies concerned with the role of KM, its technologies and types. Second, to find appropriate solutions and stand against the challenges faced by the Ministry, and finally to find a model that shows the role of KM in BD investment in the Ministry of Education to make the process of taking the right decisions easier and at the right time, and achieve sustainable development

Insights and perspectives into clinical biomarker discovery in pediatric heart failure and congenital heart disease-a narrative review.

Heart failure (HF) in the pediatric population is a multi-factorial process with a wide spectrum of etiologies and clinical manifestations, that are distinct from the adult HF population, with congenital heart disease (CHD) as the most common cause. CHD has high morbidity/mortality with nearly 60% developing HF during the first 12 months of life. Hence, early discovery and diagnosis of CHD in neonates is pivotal. Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is an increasingly popular clinical marker in pediatric HF, however, in contrast to adult HF, it is not yet included in pediatric HF guidelines and there is no standardized reference cut-off value. We explore the current trends and prospects of biomarkers in pediatric HF, including CHD that can aid in diagnosis and management. As a narrative review, we will analyze biomarkers with respect to diagnosis and monitoring in specific anatomical types of CHD in the pediatric population considering all English PubMed publications till June 2022. We present a concise description of our own experience in applying plasma BNP as a clinical biomarker in pediatric HF and CHD (tetralogy of fallot vs. ventricular septal defect) in the context of surgical correction, as well as untargeted metabolomics analyses. In the current age of Information Technology and large data sets we also explored new biomarker discovery using Text Mining of 33M manuscripts currently on PubMed. (Multi) Omics studies from patient samples as well as Data Mining can be considered for the discovery of potential pediatric HF biomarkers useful in clinical care. Future research should focus on validation and defining evidence-based value limits and reference ranges for specific indications using the most up-to-date assays in parallel to commonly used studies.

The Relationship Between ICT Perceived Competence and Adolescents’ Digital Reading Performance: A Multilevel Mediation Study

The age of information and communication technology (ICT) has witnessed the prevalence of computer-based reading. Previous studies yielded mixed results concerning the relationship between ICT perceived competence, ICT use and digital reading performance, and the underlying mechanism was rarely explored. This study aimed to explore the relationship between ICT perceived competence and adolescents’ digital reading performance and the potential mediating roles of three types of ICT use. Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted for 199,646 15-year-old students from 29 OECD countries/regions in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018, in which digital reading performance was assessed by multistage adaptive computer-based testing. The results revealed that a) ICT perceived competence and digital reading performance were positively correlated; b) ICT use significantly mediated the relationship; c) students with higher-level ICT perceived competence tended to use ICT for leisure at home more frequently, which led to better digital reading performance; d) the suppression effects were revealed, indicating the need to consider the interrelationship between ICT perceived competence and ICT use. These findings provided new evidence for the self-determination theory and the ICT engagement model, suggesting that appropriate ICT use driven by high-level ICT perceived competence might help improve adolescents’ digital reading performance.

Use of artificial intelligence in the library services: prospects and challenges

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) is one of the emerging technologies of this time. It has been associated with several trades like business, defense, health and education, but its role in library services will foster intelligent decisions. AI is a widely used technology in library services that can transform the best services in the age of information technology. This paper aims to highlight the use of AI in library operations. Several research have been undertaken on this subject, but that only address a few applications. This paper highlights the pros and cons of AI in library services. AI and libraries have a substantial nexus; nevertheless, the use and awareness of AI in library services are still creating question marks addressed in this paper. This study will help the policy stakeholder, librarians and scholars in the field to address these issues before the deployment of AI in library services.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a qualitative method using content analysis techniques. Extant literature was explored on the subject and was analyzed for this study. This study highlights the pros and cons of AI in library services and its possible solutions.FindingsThe findings of this study show that AI is a vibrant technology that can be used in library services; however, some obstacles like adequate funds, the attitude of librarians and technical skills are a few obstacles that hamper AI in library operations. The findings also reveal that using AI in library operations will accelerate libraries in the right direction. Furthermore, this study highlights various applications that can be deployed without spending costs.Originality/valueThis study covers the understanding of AI in library services that will help the librarian's information professionals leverage AI in library scenarios. Furthermore, the practical implication of AI in library services will bring positive change in implementing AI. Social implications: This study will motivate library professionals to take advantage of AI in library services and further accelerate library operations in the right direction.

CrowdSPaFE: A Crowd-Sourced Multimodal Recommendation System for Urban Route Safety

In the age of information technology, location-based services such as Google Maps, Bing Maps, and Apple Maps have become popular for navigation and traffic information. These services usually consider the shortest path, traffic information, nearby places, and multi-modal alternative route suggestions based on a user’s constraints. Nevertheless, these services do not always provide the best choice in terms of "user safety". Recently, some research and mobile applications have considered safety issues. Notably, none of these are capable of adapting to dynamic, conflicting safety features and real-time user feedback. Recently, a population-based algorithm called "SPaFE" has been introduced, which deals with crowd-sourced data along with historic data. This population-based approach, however, does not give more weight to recent feedback than to earlier feedback and does not consider updated crime reports. Furthermore, this approach does not consider distance and performs poorly in the area with insignificant or zero feedback. Considering the above background, we have introduced the population based algorithm "CrowdSPaFE" to adapt with dynamic crime reports, latest feedback, navigation in areas with insignificant feedback, and a trade-off between distance and safety factors. Finally, our empirical results of the "CrowdSPaFE" algorithm depict that it significantly outperforms the state of the art.

Cyber security and artificial intelligence

Cyber security is one of the key challenges in the age of information technology, which is particularly important in the financial sector, where security is key both for customers and institutions. Data protection, fighting fraud and preventing cyber attacks are areas in which artificial intelligence and automated systems can provide significant assistance. The use of AI and machine learning for cybersecurity allows systems to be recovered quickly and effectively after a cyber attack. Using AI algorithms, experts can immediately assess damage and respond to cyber incidents with AI. In the paper the support of cyber protection with artificial intelligence is presented in the finance sector. There are major overlaps with infrastructural protection, individual security levels and proper data protection.

Scientific books and their place in Earth sciences – the perspective of scientists and academia in Latvia

This study explores the dynamics of publishing Earth sciences-related books and other original publications in Latvian over the last 30 years from experts’ point of view. Eight experts related to the Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences of the University of Latvia were interviewed about their motivation for writing monographs, competition from scientific articles, and how book publishing is influenced by cultural values in an age of information technology. Results suggest that it is becoming increasingly difficult to find practical reasons for creating scientific books in Earth sciences due to their pragmatic and cultural connotations. It is implied that publication in Latvian does not contribute to productive science on a global scale. However, many works are still produced with support from international funds and national institutions, often available in bilingually and in both digital and physical formats.

Secure IoMT for Disease Prediction Empowered With Transfer Learning in Healthcare 5.0, the Concept and Case Study

Identifying human diseases remains a difficult process, even in the age of advanced information technology and the smart healthcare industry 5.0. In the smart healthcare industry 5.0, precise prediction of human diseases, particularly lethal cancer diseases, is critical for human well-being. The global Internet of Medical Things sector has advanced at a breakneck pace in recent years, from small wristwatches to large aircraft. The critical aspects of the Internet of Medical Things include security and privacy, owing to the massive scale and deployment of the Internet of Medical Things networks. Transfer learning with a secure IoMT-based approach is considered. The google net deep machine-learning model is used for accurate disease prediction in the smart healthcare industry 5.0. We can easily and reliably anticipate the lethal cancer disease in the human body by using the secure IoMT-based transfer learning approach. Furthermore, the results of the proposed secure IoMT-based Transfer learning techniques are used to validate the best cancer disease prediction in the smart healthcare industry 5.0. The proposed secure IoMT-based transfer learning methodology reached 98.8%, better than the state-of-the-art methodologies used previously for cancer disease prediction in the smart healthcare industry 5.0.

Хабермас и интернет: обратная трансформация публичной сферы в эпоху новых медиа?

According to Jürgen Habermas, one of the leading figures in the conceptualization of the public sphere and public opinion, the public sphere must be considered as an arena that allows citizens to freely express, discuss, criticize and, eventually, publish their opinions on common topics. According to some new media theorists, such a sphere is being re-created within the age of new information technologies. The Internet’s contribution to public opinion and organization of social movements is also attributed to the development of deliberative democracy, changing the perception that citizens can participate in political processes only during elections. In this sense, the Internet can become a new impetus for democratization of societies and formation of a participatory culture, providing equal opportunities to all people, including members of diverse minority groups excluded from the public sphere in the era of traditional media. Supporters of this thesis are trying to adapt the concept of the public sphere by J. Habermas to the modern digital world. In other words, for them, the Internet-cafe of the 21st century plays the role of coffeehouses and salons of the 18th‑19th centuries. Those who analyze the new media from a critical perspective, on the contrary, see the Internet as a great machine that can be used to control and manipulate citizens. Approaching the issue from a completely different perspective, they note that new information technologies lead to capitalist exploitation and corporate control, on the one hand, and to the dissemination of false information and interference in the private life of citizens, on the other. In the field of economics, the concepts of “digital capitalism”, “cybercapitalism”, “surveillance capitalism”, and “wikinomics” are already widely used, implying the commodification of virtual data, which ultimately results in a huge “personal data market”. This study aims to compare the aforementioned perspectives and answer the question of whether the Internet can contribute to the formation of a free public sphere separate from the political sphere.

Big Data and Different Subspace Clustering Approaches: From social media promotion to genome mapping

In the present age of information technology, information is the most important factor in determining how different paradigms will progress. This information needs to be mined out of a massive computer treasure trove. The rise in the amount of data been analyzed and interpreted is a direct result of the proliferation of more powerful processing platforms, the increase in the amount of storage space available, and the transition toward the use of electronic platforms. A thorough study of Big Data, its characteristics, and the role that Subspace clustering algorithm plays is described in this work. The most important contribution that this paper makes is that it reads a lot of previous research and then makes a thorough presentation about the different ways that other authors have classified subspace clustering methods. In addition, significant algorithms that are capable of acting as a benchmark for any future development have been provided with a short explanation

Students of Tan Trao University with the trend of accost internet literature

Internet literature was born as an inevitable result of the information technology age. Students in the 4.0 era can connect to study via social networks, access cloud computing, and exploit big data with mobile phones 24/7. Therefore, accessing internet literature is very easy. Through surveying students of Tan Trao University with internet literature, we initially have assessments and orientations to promote the role of internet literature with students and help authors create online perfect work

Progressive and Non-progressive Farmers Apropos Utilizing ICT to Advance Agriculture in Samastipur District of Bihar

In the age of information and communication technology, one receives and transmits information from daylight till night & it also important in the rapid transmission of information to a large audience at a fair price. The current study was conducted in the Samastipur district of Bihar. There are a total of 20 blocks in Samastipur district in which two villages selected from Kalyanpur block were Ramouli and Fulhatta and from Pusa block Harpur and Morsand village were chosen. There were 80 respondents in all, including both progressive and non-progressive respondents who were chosen for the study. Majority of the progressive and non-progressive farmers used radio and television as ICT tools for gaining information to develop the agriculture. None of the respondents were using internet and mobile for gaining any type of information related to agriculture although everyone claims that various portals are available related to agriculture. The media continues to be the primary source of information for Agricultural Extension. Information gained from ICT related to agriculture for progressive farmers mean value (±standard error) was 74.05 (74.05±0.43) whereas, for non-progressive farmers it was 56.03 (56.03±0.47). The z- test explored that there was a signifi cant diff erence between the mean value of progressive farmers i.e., 74.05 and mean value of non-progressive farmers i.e., 56.03 with 'Z' value 28.26 which was found to be positively signifi cant at 1% level with p-value of 1*E-5. From this, it may be inferred that progressive farmers gained far more information about agriculture-related ICT than the non-progressive farmers. By accelerating development and bringing transparency to systems and operations, ICT hold the promise to off er creative solutions to the issues of poverty and inequality among the farmers so it should be given new momentum

Innovative methods and technologies while examining equations of mathematical physics

Teaching disciplines of physics and mathematics in the age of information technology requires innovative teaching methods application. These methods complement traditional forms; they are aimed at developing the systematic and creative thinking of students. The disciplines of the physical and mathematical profile include such discipline as “Equations of Mathematical Physics”. They help students develop skills in creating mathematical models of physical processes and phenomena. It is advisable to apply software packages to create computer models of situational problems when studying the discipline “Equations of Mathematical Physics”. The mathematical packages application makes it possible to take various situations by changing the input parameters of the model on the basis of computer models of physical processes. The problems of mathematical physics are based on the study of the second-order partial differential equations of three main types: hyperbolic, elliptic, and parabolic. The paper discusses the mathematical package MathCad application in the study of free and forced vibrations of a string. Mathematical models of free and forced oscillations are presented. The d’Alembert formula for solving equations of hyperbolic type is presented. The authors describe stages of the study of free vibrations of the membrane in MathCad. Bessel functions are constructed. Membrane surface animation has been created. Observations of membrane vibrations were carried out.

PENDAMPINGAN MASYARAKAT DESA BARU SUNGAI BETUNG MUDIK KABUPATEN KERINCI DALAM MEREDUKSI KECANDUAN GAWAI PADA ANAK

Gadget addiction in children in the current age of information technology is a global problem experienced almost all over the world, so it is necessary to prevent, reduce and cure solutions for children who are already addicted to gadgets. So the Community Service activities in Desa Baru Sungai Betung Mudik, Kerinci Regency, were carried out assistance to parents in reducing the tendency of gadgets to children. The activity method is carried out in talk shows and psychological consultations for people who need psychological handlers, especially the problem of gadget addiction. This PkM activity was carried out on Friday, February 4, 2022, with activity partners, namely the village community of 30 people. The results of PkM activities show an increase in public understanding and insight into the dangers of gadgets for children if not given wisely, including for the family itself. Then the results of psychological consultations showed that there are parents who complain about their children who are difficult to escape from the device, so it is necessary to do a special follow-up. It is recommended to parents to make a schedule for children to play with gadgets and interact with children, so on for the village government to provide sports facilities for adolescents so that adolescent energy can be channelled positively.

Radio in the age of ICTs

In the age of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the traditional mass medialikeradio, televisionand newspaperare still capable of influencing socio-cultural changes specially health and hygiene related behavior even in indigenous communities.Over the years, communication scholars have attempted to examine every facet of mass media in terms of their roles in bringing outsocial development. Asystematic review of literature of their research findings show that mass media in general and radio broadcasting in particular continue to play an important role in spreading information about health,education, and politics as well as raising awareness about variousglobal and local social concerns. The All India Radio (AIR) has been playing a significant role in the empowerment of indigenous population of Arunachal Pradesh in northeast Indiaas majority of radio programmes are produced in indigenous languages or dialects in order to catertothe information and communication needs of indigenous communities particularly those living in the villages. While mass media can provide a platform for all public health communications,the role of radioin disseminating health information is significant as evidencedfrom its contribution to the COVID-19 infodemics.

Factors Influencing the Adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among Oil Palm Settlers in Felda Wilayah Alor Setar, Kedah: A Survey

In today’s age of modernization, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been a part and play a great role in the development of agriculture sector. The ICT revolution has brought significant implication in agricultural development where farmers can directly communicate with traders, government and buyers. However, due to lack of knowledge and information, oil palm settlers are not getting the benefits from these technologies. To further understand this, a study was conducted to find out the adoption, usage level and factor influence the adoption of ICTs among oil palm settlers. This article proposed a conceptual framework that was constructed from two main constructs such as technology and demographic factors. The proposed framework underpinned diffusion of innovation framework that was introduced by Rogers’ (2003) which five major attributes: relative advantages, compatibility, simplicity, trialability, and observability. 211 respondents were answering the questionnaire in this study and the measurement of internal consistency shows the Cronbach’s alpha result α = 0.933, which considered as accepted reliability value. All constructs show a positive significant coefficient of multiple correlations result, r = 0.87, which means all constructs have strong positive multiple correlations with the ICT adoption except complexity. Results revealed that majority of the respondents were males (84.4%), a high percentage (65.4%) of adoption level and usage level (76.8%). As a conclusion, the proposed conceptual framework may consider as a basic foundation for general ICT adoption overview in the perspective of Malaysia agriculture industry.

REFORMULASI PEMBELAJARAN FILSAFAT ISLAM PRAKTIS DI ERA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI

Practical philosophy is one of the philosophical patterns to bring philosophy closer to everyday life. In Islamic philosophy, the practical philosophy is called a wisdom 'Amali, namely philosophy about human behavior or efforts. Unfortunately, the discussion of practical philosophy lately does not get the ideal portion, so philosophy seems to be a realm that discusses the theoretical things and gives rise to the impression that the philosophy is very up and merely theoretical. The presence of philosophical theories that can provide a way out of various modern human problems is needed, especially in the information technology era with multiple issues and complexity. With these considerations, this study will analyze the reformulation of practical Islamic philosophy in the age of information technology. This type of research is qualitative research by applying the library study method. This study indicates that in the treasure of Islamic philosophy, the emphasis on the importance of practical philosophy and the practical philosophy description is stated in almost all Islamic philosophical figures, both classic and medieval periods. Among the Islamic philosophers that discuss the problem of human life relevant to modern human life is Al-Kindi (Al-Hilah lil-Daf Al-Ahzan), Al-Farabi (Risalah Tanbih ila al-Sabili al-Sa'adah), and Al-Ghazali (Mizan Al-Amal and Al-Munkidz min al-Dhalal). While the reformulation model and development of practical Islamic philosophy learning can be done by introducing practical Islamic philosophy, sorting out the concept of practical philosophy relevant to people's lives in the era of information technology, and making philosophical interpretations of the achievement of classical Islamic philosophers so that their thinking concepts are applicable to life Today's society.