Context Of Information Systems Research Articles

A Review of Online Information Privacy Theories Advanced in Eight AIS Journals Over the Last Decade

Privacy in the information systems (IS) context is becoming increasingly challenging and complicated. This study conducted a systematic review of the information privacy literature in the IS context to identify theories to understand and explain online information privacy. We reviewed eight journals from the Association for Information Systems over the 10-year period from 2013 to 2023. These journals were identified as mainstream in the IS discipline by senior scholars in the field. We identified and explored 20 theories in depth. Our findings have important implications for academics and practitioners. Scholars can build on our findings to identify and adopt promising theories from other disciplines to be contextualized and applied to examining information privacy. New theories can enrich our understanding of information privacy and provide in-depth insights from different perspectives, thereby enhancing our understanding of information privacy issues.

Bibliometric Analysis of Geographic Information System Impact on Urban Areas Management

Geographic Information System is a global phenomenon that has revolutionized technology and is receiving much attention currently. To objectively conceptualize the research context of Geographic Information System (GIS) impact on human settlement, bibliometrix and biblioshiny software packages were applied to conduct data mining and qualitative analysis. Research papers including journals and articles in the fields of GIS and Urban Areas management spanning from 2000 to 2023 were extracted. This scientific data was extracted on 8TH January 2023 in the Publish or Perish core collection database. The results indicated that: publications fell from 2000 to 2001, however, they increased a bit in 2002. There was no significant change until 2007 when there was a slight increase in publications up to 2008. Geographic Information Systems, flood-prone areas, urban areas, suitable areas, rural areas and maps are the most frequently used keywords in the field of GIS and urban areas management in recent years. Consequently, the paper concludes that the research directions on GIS impact on human settlement management in future include the following processes and mechanisms: the application of state-of-the-art GIS technologies, the introduction of GIS crime monitoring innovations for urban centers, robust GIS simulation innovations to enhance urban resilience and digitization of human settlements for promotion of sustainable, Smart and Blue Cities. Finally, research into the creation of geo-spatial database platforms and data infrastructure for human or urban centers should be promoted. This paper aims to review the literature on the significance of GIS as a powerful tool in addressing the complexities and challenges inherent in urban environments.

A data-driven approach of layout evaluation for electric vehicle charging infrastructure using agent-based simulation and GIS

The development and popularization of new energy vehicles have become a global consensus. The shortage and unreasonable layout of electric vehicle charging infrastructure (EVCI) have severely restricted the development of electric vehicles. In the literature, many methods can be used to optimize the layout of charging stations (CSs) for producing good layout designs. However, more realistic evaluation and validation should be used to assess and validate these layout options. This study suggested an agent-based simulation (ABS) model to evaluate the layout designs of EVCI and simulate the driving and charging behaviors of electric taxis (ETs). In the case study of Shenzhen, China, geographical positioning system (GPS) trajectory data were used to extract the temporal and spatial patterns of ETs, which were then used to calibrate and validate the actions of ETs in the simulation. The ABS model was developed in a geographic information system (GIS) context of an urban road network with traveling speeds of 24 h to account for the effects of traffic conditions. After the high-resolution simulation, evaluation results of the performance of EVCI and the behaviors of ETs can be provided in detail and in summary. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates the accuracy of simulation implementation and aids in understanding the effect of model parameters on system performance. Maximizing the time satisfaction of ET users and reducing the workload variance of EVCI were the two goals of a multiobjective layout optimization technique based on the Pareto frontier. The location plans for the new CS based on Pareto analysis can significantly enhance both metrics through simulation evaluation.

Narrativization in Information Systems Development

People see the world and convey their perception of it with narratives. In an information system context, stories are told and collected when the systems are developed. Requirements elicitation is largely dependent on communication between systems designers and users. Thus, stories have a significant impact on conceptualizing future users' needs. This paper presents a literature review on how stories and narratives have been considered in central IS literature. Narrative-theoretical parameters are used as a lens to analyze the literature. This shows that explicit discussion is non-existent, and the characteristics are considered partially. The result is a biased and narrow understanding of the informants' needs and wishes. This may be significant in the requirements because narratives are not as simple a form of communication as is usually assumed. It is proposed that better understanding narratives would equip systems analysts with an in-depth understanding about the nuances inherent in communication when communicating with users.

Immunization Servis Mobile Information System at Posyandu Medan Sunggal

Posyandu (Integrated Health Service Post) is a form of community-based health effort. The flow of the management process that occurs at the Posyandu in Medan Sunggal District is where each Posyandu participant visits the location, then the cadres serve the registration, after that they can provide services at the Posyandu. Examination of toddlers generally starts from zero to five years of age, services for toddlers based on weight and height are then given immunizations and vitamin A. There are five types of immunizations for toddlers, including measles, hepatitis, B.C.G, D.P.T, and polio. The ongoing process still raises problems such as errors by cadre officers in recording registration and errors in recording participant services and recording reports which take a long time. Based on the constraints faced in the field, it is necessary to have innovations related to immunization services. This study describes the context of a mobile-based Posyandu information system in Medan Sunggal. The results of the development of this application are presented in more detail in this article.

Enabling digital twins in the maritime sector through the lens of AI and industry 4.0

Sustainability and environmental compliance in ship operations is a prominent research topic as the waterborne sector is obliged to adopt ”green” mitigation strategies towards a low emissions operational blueprint. Fuel-Oil-Consumption (FOC) estimation, constitutes one of the key components in maritime transport information systems for efficiency and environmental compliance. This paper deals with FOC estimation in a more novel way than methods proposed in literature, by utilizing a reduced-sized feature set, which allows predicting vessel’s Main-Engine rotational speed (RPM). Furthermore, this work aims to place the deployment of such models in the broader context of a cutting-edge information system, to improve efficiency and regulatory adherence. Specifically, we integrate B-Splines in the context of two Deep Learning architectures and compare their performance against state-of-the-art regression techniques. Finally, we estimate FOC by combining velocity measurements and the predicted RPM with vessel-specific characteristics and illustrate the performance of our estimators against actual FOC data.

An Integrated Model for Evaluating the Sustainability of Gamified Mobile Health Apps: An Instrument Development and Validation.

Mobile health (mHealth) apps are designed to support health behavior outcomes and improve well-being. The existing body of literature confirms mHealth's overall efficacy in promoting physical activity; however, more research on its utility in sustaining user engagement is needed. Understanding the determinants of an individual's willingness to continue using mHealth is vital to improving the intervention's success. This study developed a unified model and survey instrument adapted from extant literature while introducing new constructs to predict the sustained use of gamified mHealth. A pilot study was conducted to validate the survey instrument using 48 gamified fitness app users in Malaysia. The survey instrument was tested following rigorous guidelines for quantitative research in the information system context. According to the findings, the reliabilities of most measurement items met the criterion, and those items were retained. Overall, this paper contributes by integrating social comparison theory and the self-determination theory for sustaining user engagement with gamified mHealth through an extrinsic and intrinsic motivation perspective.

Walking under the ladder logic: PLC-VBS: a PLC control logic vulnerability scanning tool

Cyber security risk assessments provide a crucial starting point towards the understanding of existing risk exposure, via which suitable mitigation strategies can be formed. Risk is viewed as a product of threat, vulnerability and impact, and equal understanding of each of these elements is vitally important. This can be a challenge in Industrial Control System (ICS) environments, where adopted technologies are typically not only bespoke, but interact directly with the physical world. To date, existing vulnerability identification has focused on traditional vulnerability categories. While this approach provides risk assessors with a baseline understanding and the ability to hypothesize about potential resulting impacts, it is rather high level, operating at a level of abstraction that would be viewed as incomplete within a traditional information system context. The work presented in this paper takes the understanding of ICS device vulnerabilities a step deeper. It offers a tool, PLC-VBS, that helps identify Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) vulnerabilities, specifically within logic used to monitor, control, and automate operational processes. PLC-VBS gives risk assessors a more coherent picture about the potential impact should the identified vulnerabilities be exploited; this applies specifically to operational process elements.

Expressing uncertainty in information systems analytics research: A demonstration of Bayesian analysis applied to binary classification problems

The measures typically used to assess binary classification problems fail to incorporate the uncertainty inherent to many contexts into the results. We propose using a Bayesian model to express the uncertainty in binary classification problems. This study identified 10 previous studies that provided sufficient data to demonstrate the use of Bayesian analysis in Information Systems (IS) contexts with varying levels of uncertainty. The analysis and user study show that the addition of Bayesian analysis is most useful in high uncertainty contexts with a wide interval for positive predictive value. Such an interval will lead to high uncertainty, even with very certain sensitivity and specificity. The usefulness of Bayesian analysis in conditions of medium uncertainty depends on the context. In conditions of low uncertainty, Bayesian analysis does not add much value. The user study showed that presenting models with uncertainty changed researcher perception of which model performed the best with 18 of 21 researchers changing their opinion. We recommend that authors estimate the uncertainty in their models and provide confusion matrices and prevalence estimates in their results to enable Bayesian analysis as research in a domain matures.

Change Detection of Vegetation Cover Using Remote Sensing and GIS – A Case Study of the West Coast Region of South Africa

This article investigates the possible permanent vegetation cover (VC) change over an extended time for five municipal regions in South Africa by applying satellite-acquired remote sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values within a geographic information system (GIS), spatial (West Coast District) and time (1981 to 2019 and 2000 to 2020) context. The NDVI index measures surface reflectance and give a quantitative estimation of vegetation growth and biomass. The study found relevance in its application since VC change detection has taken prominence over the past number of years in terms of sustainable development. Methods of analysis include image mapping, temporal image differencing, Moran I statistic, and the Mann-Kendall trend test. In the main areas that recorded significant changes in their NDVI values (plus or minus 0.4 difference on their original NDVI value) over time, in general, have experienced substantial and permanent VC change. These areas are also spatially clustered and concentrated within specific areas within the wider district. However, these areas constitute only a minority of areas (less than 20%), whereas most of the areas within the district did not experience such significant and permanent change in VC. Instead, the changes that did occur in these majority of areas were related to seasonal variation, i.e., temporal changes.

Common Misunderstandings of Deterrence Theory in Information Systems Research and Future Research Directions

In the 1980s, information systems (IS) borrowed deterrence theory (DT) from the field of criminology to explain information security behaviors (or intention). Today, DT is among the most commonly used theories in IS security research. Our review of IS research applying DT highlights that many fundamental assumptions of DT are unrecognized and therefore unexamined. This may have resulted in misunderstandings and conceptual confusions regarding some of the basic concepts of DT. For example, some IS studies confuse general deterrence with specific deterrence or do not recognize the difference between the two. Moreover, these fundamental assumptions, when directly examined, may provide important information about the applicability of DT in certain IS security contexts. This research commentary aims to identify and discuss some of the fundamental assumptions of DT and their implications for IS research. By examining these assumptions, IS researchers can study the previously unexplored aspects of DT in different IS contexts. Further, by recognizing these assumptions, IS scholars can revise them and build new variants of DT to better account for specific characteristics of IS behaviors and contexts.

Reach for the sky: analysis of behavioral competencies linked to project success

PurposeThe issue of project managers’ competencies has gained much traction in practice and more recently in academic debate. However, they have become analogous to extensive wish lists where a project manager is expected to have an exhaustive list of aptitudes and capabilities. Therefore, identifying and defining the most critical competencies for project success is urgently needed. Moreover, although the vast number of studies emphasize the significance of behavioral competencies, there is a dearth of empirical research and studies within the context of information systems (IS) are scarce. Consequently, the present study aims to investigate the influence of project manager's behavioral competencies for the successful delivery of IS projects.Design/methodology/approachThis research conducted a systematic literature review (2009–2019) of 27 relevant studies incorporating 179 competencies. The authors also collected data from 121 professional IS project managers and used regression analysis and dominance analysis to test the hypotheses proposed.FindingsThe results confirm that behavioral competencies (including leadership, communication, result orientation, emotional intelligence, ethics, creativity and motivation) are significantly and positively related to IS project success. Furthermore, the findings show that emotional intelligence (resilience, stress management and self-control), creativity (resourcefulness, creativity thinking and imagination) and ethics (transparency, honesty and integrity) are the most influential behavioral competencies for IS project success.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is among the first to use a quantitative analysis to empirically investigate project manager's behavioral competencies for project success in the IS discipline. It brings much-needed empirical evidence for the most important competencies for IS project managers.

Revisiting How Perceived Uncertainty and Herd Behavior Influence Technology Choice

Understanding how herd behavior occurs in the information systems context is important because such behavior influences many choice decisions, is the reason for some decision anomalies, and explains the reasons behind the rise or collapse of technology trends. Perceived uncertainty is a critical factor that triggers herding, but despite its influential role, prior research has not adequately investigated this broad concept. This research contributes to the literature by decomposing perceived uncertainty to its dimensions and analyzing the influence of each one on triggering individuals’ herd behavior. Our findings show that unlike state uncertainty, only effect and response uncertainty are the triggers herd behavior.

Spatiotemporal analysis of water-electricity consumption in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic across six socioeconomic sectors in Doha City, Qatar

This study investigates the water – electricity consumption in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic across six socioeconomic sectors. Due to inadequate research on spatial modelling of water – electricity consumption in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study investigated geographical block-level variation in water and electricity consumption in Doha city of Qatar. Spatial analyses were performed to investigate the spatial differences in each sector. Five geospatial techniques in a Geographical Information System (GIS) context were used in the study. Moran’s I, Anselin Local Moran's I, and Getis-Ord Gi∗ statistics tools were used to identify the hot spots and cold spots of water and electricity consumption in each sector. Furthermore, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models were employed to investigate the spatial relationship between water and electricity consumption during the pandemic year. The findings show that there is a distinction in water and electricity consumption at the block level across all sectors and over time. Hot spot and spatial regression analysis reveal spatial and temporal heterogeneities in the study area across the six socioeconomic sectors. The intensity of hot spots of water and electricity consumption are found in the southern and western parts of the city due to high population density and the concentration of the commercial and industrial areas. Furthermore, analyzing the spatiotemporal correlation between the water and electricity consumption across the six sectors shows variation within and between these sectors over space and time. The results show a positive relationship between water and electricity consumption in some blocks and over time of each sector. During the lockdown phase, strong positive correlation between water and electricity consumption have exist in the residential sector due to extra water and electricity footprints in this sector. Conversely, the water and electricity consumption were positively correlated but declined in the industrial and commercial sector due to the curtailment in production, economic activities, and reduction in people’s mobility. Mapping the hot spot blocks and the blocks with high relationship between water and electricity consumption could provide useful insight to decision-makers for targeted interventions.

Accounting Information Systems: Scientific Production and Trends in Research

This paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview in research on Accounting Information Systems, analyzing scientific production characteristics and identifying this topic research trends. A quantitative bibliometric analysis is conducted on papers specifically focused on Accounting Information Systems, published in journals indexed on Web of Science database. The research methodology and design were based on an inductive approach of a set of studies with the objective of theoretical development in the field of investigation. We found 144 articles on this subject. The first article was published in 1973. However, most papers were published during the last 10 years although the highest interest in Accounting Information Systems study among scholars concentrates on a short period, which is around 2020. We identify three research topics, as the following research trends: (1) the Accounting Information System impact in the organization (e.g., performance, innovation, reorganization of activities, information reporting); (2) the Accounting Information System Construction, (3) the importance of implementation of the Accounting Information System in small and medium-sized enterprises and Public-Sector; and (4) the factors that contribute to Accounting Information System efficiency/quality. These themes fit into a theoretical framework, in which agency and contingency theory are highlighted. In addition, by promoting the analysis of strict bibliometric tools, we also identified authors, journals, organizations and countries/regions that contributed most to the development of the investigation in this research topic. The results of this research add insights to the existing literature and serve as a guide for future research in Accounting Information Systems context, as well as help organizations, public, private and governments to establish their strategies in this area.

Revisiting How Perceived Uncertainty and Herd Behavior Influence Technology Choice

Understanding how herd behavior occurs in the information systems context is important because such behavior influences many choice decisions, is the reason for some decision anomalies, and explains the reasons behind the rise or collapse of technology trends. Perceived uncertainty is a critical factor that triggers herding, but despite its influential role, prior research has not adequately investigated this broad concept. This research contributes to the literature by decomposing perceived uncertainty to its dimensions and analyzing the influence of each one on triggering individuals’ herd behavior. Our findings show that unlike state uncertainty, only effect and response uncertainty are the triggers herd behavior.

Developing a Cybersecurity Framework for e-Government Project in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The evolution of information systems has escalated significantly within the last decade as research unveils new concepts. The general orientation to provide solutions to complex problems continues to inspire innovation and new advancements. Cybersecurity is emerging as a critical factor for consideration within the resultant paradigm as information systems become significantly integrated. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of cybersecurity within the context of information systems. The paper examines some of the most consequential aspects of cybersecurity from the perspective of an e-government project in Saudi Arabia. A holistic system is proposed within the research framework to incorporate various scientific guidelines. The general orientation of this research is predicated on the aspiration to design and implement a complex and robust framework within which an e-government system can thrive within the Saudi Arabian context. A consideration of the physical environment within which the project will operate is also made, focusing on security. An evaluation of the cybersecurity environment in Saudi Arabia is reflective of significant advancements that have occurred in information system domains within the past few years.

Reliability Analysis of a Smart Parking Information System: The Case of Hong Kong

Smart cities are aimed at improving citizens’ life quality. However, they also bring unintended pitfalls of information insecurity, and these have not been studied sufficiently in an empirical way. System reliability as one of the quality attributes of information security, was investigated within the context of smart parking information system due to its close relevance with the ongoing smart city development globally. Through fuzzy fault tree analysis with the aid of structured interviews, it was found that a failure in a central system server may be caused by malicious attacks, human errors, and hardware and software failures. Survey results showed that improving firewalls and renewing recovery plans are necessary to defend against rampant malicious attacks; human errors as a non-technological factor may be reduced by well-planned training programs besides good operational governance and a timely recovery plan. Although system downtime is unavoidable, it can be reduced by proactive solutions including data backup and the provision of redundant servers and power supplies. All in all, an integrated approach is needed to mitigate against system unreliability.

Time, engagement and video games: How game design elements shape the temporalities of play in massively multiplayer online role‐playing games

AbstractResearchers and developers constantly seek novel ways to create engaging applications that are able to retain their users over the long term, make them desire to spend time using the application or go back to using it after a break. With this aim, video games can be an insightful source of inspiration, as they are specifically designed to maximise playing time, increase players' intentions of playing during the day or enhance their willingness to replay. In a gaming context, ‘time’ is an important factor for engagement because game designers can design the game time to retain players in the game environment. Drawing on social practice theory, which is increasingly used in Information Systems (IS) research, I conducted an ethnographic study in World of Warcraft (WoW) to understand how various temporalities are produced within a video game and the effects that they have on players' engagement. The findings show that game temporalities stem from the complex interaction between the design features of the game and the norms, routines and expectations that are part of the game practices. Moreover, these temporalities can engender temporal experiences that may stimulate engagement in various ways. The study contributes to IS literature by proposing a novel understanding of how time can be intentionally designed to sustain user engagement. Finally, it suggests that ‘time design’ in video games could inspire designs in broader IS contexts, such as in the gamification of online communities, crowdsourcing platforms and crowd working systems.

A general framework for the identification and categorization of risks: an application to the context of financial markets

Risk represents a significant part of human interaction and must be considered in decision-making processes across diverse business and research areas. Further, the disregard or unawareness of certain risks may result in inappropriate decision-making processes and inadequate risk management practices that may negatively influence firms’ performance. This paper is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to develop an algorithm-based and generally applicable framework that generates an extensive and integrated identification and categorization scheme of certain risks by using text mining and machine learning approaches. To demonstrate the applicability of our framework, we apply our approach to the context of financial markets, identify 193 financial market risks and sort them into five categories by using common machine learning techniques. To evaluate the general applicability, we additionally apply our derived framework to the context of information systems. Finally, we obtain strong indications of the robustness and superiority of our derived framework by benchmarking it against more manual risk identification techniques and other clustering approaches.