Information Security Of Ukraine Research Articles

Safeguarding Minors' Personal Data: Legal Principles in Information Security in Ukraine and Eurupean

The research aims to uncover the legal regulations pertaining to the protection of minors' personal data, considered a crucial component of informational security. Through an analysis of Ukrainian and European legislation, in conjunction with the General Data Protection Regulation and the California Consumer Privacy Act, this study seeks to explore preventive measures against third-party abuse of children's information. The research highlights the responsibilities imposed on state authorities and legal entities, based on Ukrainian and European legislation, to safeguard personal data. The methodology employed in this article involves the utilization of both general scientific and specialized methods of scientific cognition. The specificity of the research subject, along with its purpose and tasks, guided the selection of these methods. The research results reveal various problematic issues related to the collection, storage, use, and distribution of personal data of minors. The obligation to protect an individual's rights to the processing and preservation of personal data or private information is a responsibility placed on state authorities in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine and European countries (Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy, Norway, Great Britain), as well as on legal entities that own or store the specified personal data. In conclusion, the protection of personal data emerges as a fundamental right, integral to the broader rights of family and private life. The study also underscores the importance of international cooperation mechanisms in addressing this multifaceted issue.

Ensuring information security in ukraine: prospects for administrative and legal regulation

Ensuring information security in ukraine: prospects for administrative and legal regulation

Information security: international legal aspect

The article highlights the international legal aspects of information security. The results of the analysis of international legal norms in the field of information security, as well as foreign experience in this field, are presented. The importance of the experience of certain foreign countries in the field of information security for Ukraine is emphasized. Given the global nature of communication networks, it is concluded that information security should be ensured only through effective international cooperation between states. During the research, priorities and issues related to information security in Eastern European countries are determined. Prioritized directions for legal support of information security in Ukraine have been identified.

INFORMATION SOVEREIGNTY AND INFORMATION SECURITY IN UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND REALITIES OF WAR

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomena of information sovereignty and information security of Ukraine under the conditions of Russian military aggression. The thesis is argued that information security occupies a key place in the state national security system; it becomes especially important in the conditions of full-scale military aggression, when the need to protect the subjects of information relations from the negative informational influence of the enemy is actualized. It has been proven that the national interests of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale war, which was unleashed by the aggressor country, require the protection of information sovereignty and the creation of favorable conditions for ensuring the country's information security, countering special information operations aimed at undermining
 the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine. The relationship between the phenomena of information security and information sovereignty was analyzed, and it was established that in the conditions of a full-scale war, the role of state authorities in the context of protecting state and national interests and minimizing the destructive consequences of information aggression significantly increases. It is substantiated that an important condition for the victory of Ukraine is to ensure its information security and information sovereignty. Information security is an important component of the state's national security; therefore, attention to information security issues, provision of effective mechanisms and models for its protection is one of the priority tasks of the state. This requires improving the coordination of the activities of the authorities in relation to the prevention, detection and neutralization of information operations of the enemy, assessment and forecasting of threats to information security, prompt provision of liquidation of their consequences.

Legal regulation of information security in Ukraine

The article is devoted to the study of the system of legal regulation of information security in Ukraine. It has been established that the Constitution is the foundation of the system of legal acts, which is the basis of legal regulation of information security in Ukraine. It is followed by the Laws of Ukraine: On Information, On Protection of Information in Information and Communication Systems, On Protection of Personal Data, On State Secrets, On National Security of Ukraine, On Basic Principles of Ensuring Cyber Security of Ukraine, On Electronic Communications, On Media, On Copyright and related rights, On the protection of rights to the composition of semiconductor products, On the protection of rights to inventions and utility models, On state secrets, etc. Norms defining information security of Ukraine have found further development at the sub-legal level. By­laws are aimed at detailing individual provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and laws. They have a subject direction and regulate a specific sphere of social relations or areas of work of state administration bodies. At the level of central executive bodies, orders, instructions and orders are issued as by-laws. The documents defining the regulatory and technical basis of information protection in Ukraine also include standards and industry materials. They are of key importance because they ensure uniformity in the field of information security, standardize procedures for protecting information, methods for ensuring confidentiality, integrity and availability of data, as well as measures for preventing and responding to information incidents. We also included international acts: conventions, declarations, resolutions, etc., in the system of legal acts that constitute the basis of legal regulation of information security in Ukraine. It was concluded that today the normative and legal basis of ensuring information security is an extensive network of domestic and international norms of different legal force and focus, which in its totality ensures the comprehensive functioning of the entire system of ensuring information security in Ukraine.

On the question of the genesis of the concept of information security as a component of national security

This article is devoted to the genesis of the concept of information security. Historical interpretations of this concept are analyzed, different interpretations of this concept by domestic scientists are given. The relevance of information security, in particular, during a full-scale war with the Russian Federation was emphasized.
 The purpose of the study is the analysis of theoretical developments regarding the evolution of the concept of information security through the clarification of its essence as the main and integral direction of national security.
 It is emphasized that when considering the normative definition of information security, it should be noted that the current legislation of Ukraine does not contain an appropriate detailed interpretation of this concept, but normative acts concerning information security issues naturally consider it in the context of a more general concept of national security.
 Information security is not only an independent component of national security, but also an integral part of political, economic, defense and other components of national security, since all types of relations between subjects of the information society are based on the consumption and exchange of information.
 It has been proven that the information security of Ukraine should be considered as a state in which self- preservation, stable and progressive development of the information sphere is ensured in the presence of real and potential threats, in particular the security of information infrastructure, information space, information resources, information processes and their subjects, and as well as the achievement of relevant national goals and realization of national interests in the information sphere.
 It is proposed to consider information security as a permanent process of activities of competent authorities, aimed at prevention, countering threats in the information sphere, the use of active measures of information influence, as well as a set of conditions of such activity, which are implemented and can be controlled for a long time.

Information security of the domestic and global community

The article examines the state of information security in Ukraine in the conditions of Russian military aggression. The possibilities of realizing the goals specified in Ukraine's Information Security Strategy under martial law conditions are analyzed. It is shown that Ukraine's national interests require favorable conditions for the country's political development. Thus, the interests of the individual consist in the actual provision of political rights and freedoms of citizens, society needs to strengthen democracy, and the interests of the state are expressed in the need to effectively protect the constitutional system of sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country, establish, and maintain political stability, including the strength of state power and its institutions. Based on Ukraine's national interests, strategic and current tasks of the state policy on ensuring information security are formed in the information sphere. Practical information activities have been proven to improve the state's efforts to resolve crises peacefully significantly. Conversely, ignoring informational factors and often deliberately altered information can provoke the most radical attitudes and outbursts of hostility, leading to catastrophic consequences. It is argued that the use of information technologies by the military has opened new opportunities for ensuring the state's defense. Possession of information resources and their protection in the military sphere has become the same indispensable attribute as weapons, ammunition, transport, etc. Ukraine's victory in the information conflict during the war with russia will contribute to achieving its strategic goals. It is substantiated that Ukraine's Information Security Strategy reflects the state's interests, which are expressed in the need to effectively protect the constitutional system of sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country and establish and maintain political stability, including the strength of state power and its institutions. The analysis of the implementation of the Strategy's goals showed that this process continues despite all the difficulties of martial law. Keywords: information security, Information Security Strategy of Ukraine, national interests of the state, information technologies, information struggle.

CONCEPTS OF A SYNERGISTIC APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF A SECURITY-ORIENTED INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT IN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the issues of forming a security-oriented information environment in Ukraine. In the context of increasing influence of internal and external destabilizing factors, realization of unprecedented threats to all components of national security caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation, ensuring the formation of a security-oriented information environment is the basis for the realization of national interests, which creates new opportunities for strengthening the security of the national economy. The methodological content of the concepts of scientific approaches to ensuring the security of the national economy is investigated. It is proved that the information security of Ukraine’s economy is a complex, non-equilibrium, non-linear, self-organizing system, which justifies the use of a synergistic approach in its research. The concepts of forming a security-oriented information environment substantiated in the study are based on the provisions of a new paradigm of using the opportunities associated with the development of information technology and preventing and countering new threats to information security by protecting information, ensuring the reliability, integrity and availability of public information resources, restricted information, in particular, the one circulating in the economic information infrastructure facilities and determining the further secure development of the state by creating a security system for computer systems for economic data processing (CSEDP) and taking into account external and internal threats realized as a result of the military aggression of the russian federation. The authors have developed a model for the formation of a security-oriented information environment in Ukraine aimed at protecting national economic interests and ensuring the security of the national economy. These key conceptual provisions should serve as a theoretical basis for further development of the methodology for ensuring information security of the national economy.

ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНА СКЛАДОВА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

In today's conditions of a full-scale war with the Russian Federation, every business entity in Ukraine operates in a complex, unstable and dynamic environment, the changes of which are accompanied by constant strengthening of competition, acceleration of inflationary processes, growth of business risks and the danger of destruction of logistics and partnership ties. Currently, the quantitative and qualitative properties of the enterprise regarding the ability to survive and ensure development in the conditions of the destabilizing effect of unpredictable and hard-to-forecast external and internal factors come to the fore. The enterprise's ability to timely implement anti-crisis measures, effective functioning and dynamic development is an indicator of its economic security. Therefore, the accounting and analytical component of the information system for ensuring economic security is an extremely urgent problem that needs to be solved and is under increased attention of both domestic and foreign scientists and specialists in financial and economic security. The purpose of the article is to reveal the possibilities and prospects of creating a complex accounting and analytical information system at the enterprise, which allows achieving systematicity and complexity, structure and organization of the enterprise management process within the framework of the concept of economic security. The article considers the importance of accounting and analytical information necessary for enterprise management. The main sources of threats to the economic security of the enterprise, which are formed in the accounting system, are revealed. The internal ФІ НА НС И , О БЛ ІК І О П ОД АТК УВ А Н НЯ Випуск І (89), 202338 control system of the enterprise is presented as the main element of economic security. A scheme for the movement of accounting management information has been developed. The main tasks of the complex information accounting and analytical system for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise are outlined. It has been proven that information security in Ukraine during the war must necessarily be subject to the criteria of confidentiality, integrity and availability.

Social-legal foundations of information security of the state, society and individual in Ukraine

Ukraine is experiencing military aggression due to the full-scale invasion of Russia, which uses information weapons. Therefore, the problem of ensuring a sufficiently high level of information security in Ukraine is relevant. The purpose of the research – to highlight the essence and features of the concept of "information security", and related terms, and to perform a comprehensive analysis of the current regulatory framework on ensuring a reliable level of information security as the basis of national security. To achieve this purpose, the author uses empirical, theoretical and comprehensive methods of scientific research, namely: observation, comparison, abstraction, analysis and synthesis, and comparative-legal, Aristotelian, analogy and deduction methods. The author proves the significance of ensuring information security at the level of each entity as the foundation for the existence of the Ukrainian information society and a means of counteracting the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation. The factors influencing information security are identified, in the context of which the significant role of the culture of protection of society is demonstrated. The significance of ensuring an appropriate level of cybersecurity as a defining element of information defence, the provision of which should be as consistent as possible with the State information policy, is substantiated. The author outlines the potential consequences of failure to maintain a reliable level of information and cybersecurity against the background of a full-scale invasion, namely: the overthrow of the government, collapse of Ukraine’s reputation in the international arena, chaotic processes in society and growing discontent, economic crisis and human casualties. The author describes the current state of information security in the country and suggests ways to improve it, in particular by reforming the existing legal regulation, considering the political experience of other countries and scientific achievements, transforming the State information policy with a focus on preventing information offences, international cooperation in the global information space and developing the information culture of the population. These recommendations can be used to eliminate shortcomings in the legal regulation of information security issues and to develop proposals for reforming the national information policy

State-legal mechanism of information security in Ukraine in the context of Russian aggression

State-legal mechanism of information security in Ukraine in the context of Russian aggression

ФОРМИ АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ТА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ У МІНІСТЕРСТВІ ОБОРОНИ УКРАЇНИ

In the article, taking into account threats and risks that are faced by the information security of Ukraine as a whole and structures that are subordinated to the Ministry of Defense, in particular, the content of the main forms of administration of information security and the implementation of digital transformation is distinguished. The essence of such forms of administration as: 1) ensuring the formation of a state policy on national security in the military sphere, defense and military construction in peacetime and a special period in terms of digital transformation, information technology, automation, informatization and information security in the peaceful time. 2) formation and organization of execution of defense reform tasks in terms of digital transformation issues, introduction of information technology, automation, informatization and information security; 3) organization, coordination and control of support for forces and means of information security within the framework of the implementation of the defense tasks of Ukraine; 4) implementation of other tasks and functions assigned to the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine in terms of digital transformation, information technologies, automation, informatization and information security. In a particular order characteristics of legal status and subordination of the Directorate of Digital Transformation and Information Security Directorate in the Defense of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine are characterized. It is substantiated that the normative support of departmental activities to ensure the information security of the Ministry of Defense is only initiated and in need of development. In this regard, one of the main tasks of modern legal science is to develop proposals to improve the normative basis for providing a digital transformation and information security in the system of armed forces of Ukraine and the apparatus of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. Key words: Ukraine, Defense, Armed Forces of Ukraine, Information Security, Digital Transformation, Military Management Authorities, Security.

CONCEPTUAL DIRECTIONS OF REFORMING THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes a complex of issues related to the definition of the theoretical foundations of national security. Every year, the conditions of internal and external threats and dangers for the state do not decrease, but, on the contrary, are increasing all the time. The abovementioned puts a question of extreme importance to our state and to its top political leadership not only to ensure all spheres of the country's life in accordance with existing external and internal, real and potential threats and real aggression, but also to build a national security system in advance, which could fully ensure peace, calm and stable development of Ukraine in today's difficult conditions. Today, we need to talk not about reform, but about building a highly effective system of ensuring the national security of Ukraine, modem ensuring the national security of the state based on systemic analysis. At the same time, it is necessary to foresee, by means of applying a systemic approach, the construction of the executive branch of strategic management, in which all subjects of national security will be combined into a single system of management system and support subsystems: economic, state, military, internal, border, man-made, information security of Ukraine, and other functional security systems. The problem of increasing the effectiveness of scientific support for the processes of formation, implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of the national security policy at the strategic level is of particular importance in the context of the development of the national security system. The article formulates and investigates the main tasks of the existing problem, namely, the development and implementation of the national methodology for making strategic decisions; formulation of the final sectoral component of national security and determination of specific departments and authorities, which are proposed to be entrusted with responsibility for the implementation of national security at the sectoral level; strengthening the control function of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in strategic forecasting and planning in order to increase the effectiveness of planning, coordination and control over the activities of the subjects of national security and their responsibilities; implementation of informational and analytical support for the activities of state authorities, primarily in the conditions of war or status of emergency, in a special period, as well as in the event of crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine. Conceptually important areas of reforming of the national security system of Ukraine are outlined and disclosed: 1. Definition and arrangement at the state level of the conceptual apparatus of the national security sphere. 2. Activation of innovative processes in the educational, scientific and technological, information and communication branches. 3. Formation of a system of national interests’ indicators. 4. Alignment of the concepts of "military security" and "border security". 5. Interdisciplinary integration of individual areas into the system of sciences on national security issues. 6. Distribution of responsibility between subjects of national security. Key words: national security of Ukraine, national security strategy, reforming the system of ensuring national security of Ukraine.

Comparative analysis of the information security environment in Ukraine and Poland (survey of journalists and editors)

Information security of Ukraine and Poland with the beginning of the Russian Federation’s armed aggression against Ukraine is sensitive to various forms of information threats. Information attacks by the aggressor country accompany the challenges of the full-scale war that exploded within Eastern Europe. Active military actions on the territory of Ukraine, the migrant crisis on the border with Poland –all this tests both countries’ information environment for resilience. Journalists play an essential role in the process of information defense. In the study, we compare legal acts and governmental regulations of Ukraine and Poland in the field of information security in order to identify the current state of information security environment in both countries. In our work, we analyze the concept of “information security” in scientific studies of Ukrainian and Polish researchers, as well as in normative legal acts. Journalists and editors of leading Ukrainian and Polish media outlets were questioned about their attitudes toward existing information security doctrines and strategies. It was found that journalists of both countries (n = 46, α(ua)=0.75; α(pl)=0.78) find the tools of protection against information threats insufficient, consider the participation of journalists in the formation of information policy significant, and also consider as risky the possibility to adopt documents that would describe the social responsibility of journalists in conditions of information aggression.

Countering fake information as a guarantee of state information security

The article focuses on the notion of fake information as a tool of psychological influence in the context of hybrid wars. Works of the prominent academicians in the area of manipulation studies constitute the theoretical framework of this research. Empirical research methods such as observation, comparison, generalization and expert evaluation are used. First of all, types and methods of psychological influences used by mass media and social networks with a view to manipulate public opinions are distinguished. Moreover, the impact of emotions on the critical perception of the news is highlighted. The indicators of manipulative influence are defined in order to resist them. Besides, the ways of creating and distributing false information are described. In addition, the development of fakes identification mechanisms is considered a priority for the governmental and other public institutions. This is illustrated by a range of technologies developed to automatically detect fake news. Apart from that, the degrees of the information reliability are explored. Furthermore, structural elements of fake messages, which include the source and the message itself, are discussed. Misinformation of the public, promotion of certain opinions, encouragement of aggressive actions and instalment of doubts are singled out as the main tasks of fake information. Additionally, stages of countering fakes are distinguished. Finally, the specific features of the forensic expertise procedure are determined in order to provide information security in Ukraine. The research demonstrates the importance of an efficient security system, which would identify fake information and limit its propagation.

Law enforcement agencies as subjects of cybersecurity in the information space of Ukraine

Information security in Ukraine is an important area for securing space from internal and external threats. It is worth noting that information and state security is a wide field for analysis by both scholars and legislation. After all, attempts to manipulate the public consciousness do not stop, in particular, by disseminating inaccurate, incomplete or biased information. Ukraine's position in the information field is a reflection of the state's ability to defend itself at all possible levels. Cybersecurity of the state is a very important part of information security. This area is much narrower for regulation. In recent years, Ukraine has launched reforms and modernization processes in this area. It is important to emphasize that all processes are closely linked to European integration measures, which can be confirmed by significant financial and information assistance from partners.
 Indeed, possible cyber threats have revolutionized the state system, as well as the citizens to whom the effects of cyber attacks and cybercrime may extend. Therefore, cybersecurity issues are becoming increasingly important, becoming an integral part of national security and as a result of information security, and measures to combat cyber threats are being developed and implemented at the state level. In our country, for these purposes, the Law of Ukraine "On the Fundamentals of Cyber Security of Ukraine" was adopted, which, in particular, regulates the issues of cyber security and identifies the main directions and objectives of law enforcement agencies. The state mechanism for the implementation of certain tasks is necessarily a well-established system of bodies that would implement and perform certain functions in the legal field.
 Empowered law enforcement agencies aim to effectively exercise their powers, which did not matter, the need for coordination and cooperation with each other is becoming more and more acute.
 The importance of law enforcement research on the functioning of cybersecurity is due to the effectiveness of these entities in carrying out tasks. Also, the practical definition of the activities of law enforcement agencies may reveal accompanying problems.

Trends of scientific views in the field of regulatory and legal support of information security of Ukraine

The article considers the conceptual principles of regulatory and legal support of information security in Ukraine from the standpoint of various researchers. The analysis of scientific sources revealed that the regulatory and legal support of information security in general and at the elemental level is characterized by scientific, systematic and has many aspects.
 Regulatory support is a scientifically sound, consistent system of legal and other means by which civil society and the state exerts influence on information relations and relations directly related to the development of information security, based on the priority of tasks and objectives that arise before society. Regulatory support is a broader concept compared to regulatory regulation.
 Emphasis is placed on the main tasks of the state information policy and the goal of the information security policy of Ukraine is clarified. It is the formation of an open information society as a space of an integral state levels.
 The shortcomings of the state information policy of Ukraine in modern conditions are revealed, which are connected with the imperfection of the regulatory framework, the lack of effective state policy, the lack of development of the national information and communication infrastructure.
 It is established that the state policy of information security should be based on scientific and methodological developments, systematized and integrated into a single concept. It can be presented as a set of national goals, interests and values, strategies and tactics developed and implemented by public authorities to directly regulate and improve the processes of information interaction in all spheres of society and the state.
 Today, one of the important areas of the strategy of regulatory and legal support of information security of Ukraine is the analysis and improvement of regulatory and legal regulation in this area.

Prospects and Current Status of Defence Information Security in Ukraine

Relevance of the article - security has always been one of the priority issues of state policy. Considering that the defence forces are an inseparable part of state security, studying their information security is essential. The feasibility of this study is confirmed by the fact that in the current conditions of development of the information society, the information technology of the Ukrainian defence forces must adapt to the current challenges and threats, to ensure proper protection of information of strategic importance to the state and collected, consolidated and stored by the defence forces. This article aims to identify problems of information security of defense forces in Ukraine to find ways of their elimination. Formal logical, systemic structural, comparative and legal methods were used to conduct the research. It is stated that by dividing the information space and cyber space, the legislator has laid down legal regulation of protection of the state's information space. It is understood that the Lithuanian and Latvian forces for combating threats to the information space were consolidated within the structure of the Ministry of Defence. Consequently, the authorities argue that the system of entities responsible for protecting the information space needs to be optimized, creating conditions for state-private cooperation in this area, as in the case of Germany, and providing these entities with qualified employees. The results obtained are important for research, law-making and law enforcement activities.

Legal bases and stages of building information security in Ukraine

The article defines the legal basis for building an effective system of information protection by analyzing regulations. A study of legal methods of information security by analyzing and studying a comprehensive information security system and information security management system in accordance with the international standard ISO 27001. Describes the main stages of building a comprehensive information security system and information security management system, compares them.

СУТНІСТЬ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УМОВАХ РОЗВИТКУ СУЧАСНОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА

The article considers the conceptual foundations of the essence of information security of Ukraine from the standpoint of various researchers. The analysis of scientific sources revealed that information security in general and at the elemental level is characterized by scientific, systematic and has many aspects. It is proved that ensuring information security of Ukraine is a defining direction of state policy, on which the existence of the state, its national security, socio-economic development and the corresponding place in the world community will depend. Objectives of the state policy of Ukraine in the field of information security: protection of information sovereignty of the state in modern conditions of globalization; ensuring information adequacy for decision-making by state bodies, enterprises and citizens; realization of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, society and the state to information. Emphasis is placed on the main tasks of the state information policy and the purpose of the state policy in the field of information security of Ukraine is to manage real and potential threats in order to create the necessary conditions to meet the information needs of man and citizen and national interests. The study of the essence of information security of Ukraine is associated with the formation of a quality information security system that will meet modern requirements and urgent needs of Ukraine. The shortcomings of the state information policy of Ukraine in modern conditions are revealed, which are connected with the lack of effective state policy, insufficient development of the national information and communication infrastructure. It is established that the state policy in the field of information security can be presented as a set of national goals, interests and values, strategies and tactics developed and implemented by public authorities to regulate and improve information processes in all spheres of society and state. Today, in order to develop an effective system of information security in Ukraine, there is a need for a thorough study of the works of scientists and researchers on this topic.