Information Overload Issues Research Articles

Behavioral Implications of Big Data's Impact on Audit Judgment and Decision Making and Future Research Directions

SYNOPSIS This paper addresses information processing weaknesses and limitations that can impede the effective use and analysis of Big Data in an audit environment. Drawing on the literature from psychology and auditing, we present the behavioral implications Big Data has on audit judgment by addressing the issues of information overload, information relevance, pattern recognition, and ambiguity. We also discuss the challenges that auditors encounter when incorporating Big Data in audit analyses and the various analytical tools that are currently used by companies in the analysis of Big Data. The manuscript concludes by raising questions that future research might address related to utilizing Big Data in auditing.

A study on FRAME model: Evidence from banking industry

Article history: Received October 28, 2014 Accepted 28 December 2014 Available online January 12 2015 The Framework for the Rational Analysis of Mobile Education (FRAME) model explains mobile learning features as a process in terms of mobile technologies, human learning capacities, and social interaction. It describes various issues of information overload, knowledge navigation, and cooperation in learning. The framework gives insight for development of future mobile devices as well as learning materials, and an appropriate design of learning and teaching strategies for the purpose of mobile education. The proposed study of this paper implements the FRAME model in Iranian banking industry. The study has been implemented among a sample of 160 regular employees who worked for Bank Maskan in province of Alborz, Iran. To validate the questionnaire, we use content validity ratio (CVR) and verify the questionnaire using Cronbach alphas. Using t-student test, the study has determined that the firm was ready to adopt mobile learning in terms of device, social and learner aspects. In our survey, learner aspect was number one priority followed by device and social aspects. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 5 © 201

Attention, Please!

The rise of the digital information age to the zettabyte-storage and terabit-communication level has made exploring attention scarcity and the relationship between attention and behavior the critical element in designing today's pervasive computing systems. Researchers and practitioners are challenged to build on attention research and the diverse theories and models it has produced to address issues of information and sensory overload. Ultimately, we must create a bridge between the fundamental results from specific attentional processes, created by research work in psychology and neuroscience, and the endeavors to apply these results to HCI in general and pervasive computing in particular. This department is part of a special issue on managing attention.

Triangulating Environmental Performance: What Do Corporate Social Responsibility Ratings Really Capture?

The emergence of socially responsible investing has led to the development of a large number of methodologies for rating corporate social responsibility and to a growing body of research exploring the link between environmental and financial performance. Increased availability of information potentially generates an abundance of riches upon which to base investment decisions, but it also raises issues of commensurability, information overload, and confusion. Using a unique data set combining environmental ratings from three leading purveyors, we identify the principal components of corporate environmental performance. We find that two distinct factors—the environmental processes and practices implemented by firms, and the environmental outcomes they generate—explain 80% of the variance of the data. We also find corporate financial performance to be associated to process but not to outcome measures.

STRESS AT THE WORKPLACE DURING RESIDENCY TRAINING

Residency period during postgraduate training in medical profession is well known for physical and mental stress . There are many situational, professional, and personal sources of stress, which the author reviews: heavy work- load, sleep deprivation, difficult patients, poor learning environments, relocation issues, isolation and social problems, financial concerns, cultural issues, information overload, and career planning issues. Stress can also originate from gender-related issues and issues related to spouses and family members. The author also describes less commonly documented sources of stress ,which is observed in residents who perform marginally and in some cases should not have been passed on from medical school, or who are studying specialties not compatible with their skills and personalities, or who foster severe interpersonal problems on the job. Common effects of stress include frequent absenteeism ,minor health problems, anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive trends, hostility, and alcohol and substance abuse. The author outlines essential elements of an assistance program, states how important such problems can be in saving both residents and their institutions needless difficulties and costs, and presents important issues for the consideration of all involved in residents' training. Purpose of this article is to provide an overview gathered from the extensive literature, of the various stressors resident face; and to discuss assistance to residents and make recommendations about the essential elements of an assistance program.

Research on Item Model in Content-Based Filtering Recommender Systems

With the popularization of the Internet and the development of E-commerce, the information on the Networks has increased greatly and the E-Commerce system’s structure becomes more complicated when it provides more and more choices for users. People all have experienced the feeling of being overwhelmed by the number of new books, articles, and movies coming out each year. Many researchers pay more attention on building a proper tool which can help users obtain personalized resources. Personalized recommender systems are one such software tool in which information retrieve, information filtering, and content-based filtering techniques are used to help users obtain recommendations for unseen items based on their preferences. In this paper, described item models in content-based filtering recommender systems in order to alleviate the information overload issues. The paper presented three item models as following: vector space model representation, probability model representation and improved probabilistic model representation. These item models have their own advantages and disadvantages, and can choose according to specific circumstances.

Crowdsourcing, citizen sensing and sensor web technologies for public and environmental health surveillance and crisis management: trends, OGC standards and application examples

'Wikification of GIS by the masses' is a phrase-term first coined by Kamel Boulos in 2005, two years earlier than Goodchild's term 'Volunteered Geographic Information'. Six years later (2005-2011), OpenStreetMap and Google Earth (GE) are now full-fledged, crowdsourced 'Wikipedias of the Earth' par excellence, with millions of users contributing their own layers to GE, attaching photos, videos, notes and even 3-D (three dimensional) models to locations in GE. From using Twitter in participatory sensing and bicycle-mounted sensors in pervasive environmental sensing, to creating a 100,000-sensor geo-mashup using Semantic Web technology, to the 3-D visualisation of indoor and outdoor surveillance data in real-time and the development of next-generation, collaborative natural user interfaces that will power the spatially-enabled public health and emergency situation rooms of the future, where sensor data and citizen reports can be triaged and acted upon in real-time by distributed teams of professionals, this paper offers a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the overlapping domains of the Sensor Web, citizen sensing and 'human-in-the-loop sensing' in the era of the Mobile and Social Web, and the roles these domains can play in environmental and public health surveillance and crisis/disaster informatics. We provide an in-depth review of the key issues and trends in these areas, the challenges faced when reasoning and making decisions with real-time crowdsourced data (such as issues of information overload, "noise", misinformation, bias and trust), the core technologies and Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards involved (Sensor Web Enablement and Open GeoSMS), as well as a few outstanding project implementation examples from around the world.

Personalizing map content to improve task completion efficiency

Significant interaction challenges arise in both developing and using interactive map applications. Users encounter problems of information overload in using interactive maps to complete tasks. This is further exacerbated by device limitations and interaction constraints in increasingly popular mobile platforms. Application developers must then address restrictions related to screen size and limited bandwidth in order to effectively display maps on mobile devices. In order to address issues of user information overload and application efficiency in interactive map applications, we have developed a novel approach for delivering personalized vector maps. Ongoing task interactions between users and maps are monitored and captured implicitly in order to infer individual and group preferences related to specific map feature content. Personalized interactive maps that contain spatial feature content tailored specifically to users' individual preferences are then generated. Our approach addresses spatial information overload by providing only the map information necessary and sufficient to suit user interaction preferences, thus simplifying the completion of tasks performed with interactive maps. In turn, tailoring map content to specific user preferences considerably reduces the size of vector data sets necessary to transmit and render maps on mobile devices. We have developed a geographic information system prototype, MAPPER (MAP PERsonalization), that implements our approach. Experimental evaluations show that the use of personalized maps helps users complete their tasks more efficiently and can reduce information overload.

Critique of the Democratic Potentials of the Internet: A Review of Current Theory and Practice

Many scholars have hailed the democratic potential of the internet. For some the network of networks would empower individuals and foster genuine political discussions, for others, it was perceived as a threat, a Machiavellian tool that would inevitably lead to increased State surveillance and monitory of its citizens. After the turn of the century, a growing body of literature reveals the gap between the supposed democratic potentialities of the internet and the practices that are emerging in the field. This paper reviews recent literature on online activism and e-mobilisation and argues that each potentiality recovers a continuum rather than a binary division. In order to deconstruct the democratic potentialities of the internet, we base this reflection upon the three axes proposed by Vedel for making sense of the political uses of the internet (2007): information, discussion and mobilisation. For each of these dimensions, evidence can be found that assesses an empowering aspect of the technology (e.g.: increased access to information can lead to a better informed citizenry) while similarly containing a demobilisation aspect (informational access also leads to issues of information overload and practices of disinformation).

Critique of the Democratic Potentials of the Internet: A Review of Current Theory and Practice

Many scholars have hailed the democratic potential of the internet. For some the network of networks would empower individuals and foster genuine political discussions, for others, it was perceived as a threat, a Machiavellian tool that would inevitably lead to increased State surveillance and monitory of its citizens. After the turn of the century, a growing body of literature reveals the gap between the supposed democratic potentialities of the internet and the practices that are emerging in the field. This paper reviews recent literature on online activism and e-mobilisation and argues that each potentiality recovers a continuum rather than a binary division. In order to deconstruct the democratic potentialities of the internet, we base this reflection upon the three axes proposed by Vedel for making sense of the political uses of the internet (2007): information, discussion and mobilisation. For each of these dimensions, evidence can be found that assesses an empowering aspect of the technology (e.g.: increased access to information can lead to a better informed citizenry) while similarly containing a demobilisation aspect (informational access also leads to issues of information overload and practices of disinformation).

From TV to Twitter: How Ambient News Became Ambient Journalism

Scholars have applied the term "ambient" to journalism to describe the omnipresent nature of news in society through the proliferation of one-way media into public spaces. This approach is based on a one-directional model of mass media where the audience is framed as the receptor of communication. However this paper suggests that we need to reassess the meaning of ambient as applied to news and journalism due to the participatory and interactive characteristics of the networked digital media. The Internet has changed the relationship between journalists and audiences from a one-way, asymmetric model of communication to a more participatory and collective system, where citizens have the ability to participate in the news production process. This paper argues that ambient news has evolved into ambient journalism – an awareness system that offers diverse means to collect, communicate, share and display news and information, from both professional and non-professional sources.

The Internet: it's early days, but there are some surprises

The Internet looks set to have a major influence on information seeking behavior, although there is very little hard data around as to what these changes will be or where they will occur. This British Library funded study set out to gather such data from the media using open‐ended interview techniques. Several hundred journalists, editors and media librarians were interviewed. The early findings indicate that the Internet is not impacting in the way forcasted. Change appears to be slow and variable; the issues of information overload and the authority of Web data seem not to worry users; and there is little evidence that other information sources are being significantly displaced because of Internet use. However, it is still too early to determine the full impact of the Internet although it is best judged away from the Information Centre/Library.