Information Explosion Research Articles

Achieving privacy-preserving cross-silo anomaly detection using federated XGBoost

Privacy has raised considerable concerns recently, especially with the advent of information explosion and numerous data mining techniques to explore the information inside large volumes of data. These data are often collected and stored across different institutions (banks, hospitals, etc.), or termed cross-silo. In this context, cross-silo federated learning has become prominent to tackle the privacy issues, where only model updates will be transmitted from institutions to servers without revealing institutions’ private information. In this paper, we propose a cross-silo federated XGBoost approach to solve the federated anomaly detection problem, which aims to identify abnormalities from extremely unbalanced datasets (e.g., credit card fraud detection) and can be considered a special classification problem. We design two privacy-preserving mechanisms that are tailored to the federated XGBoost: anonymity based data aggregation and local differential privacy. In the anonymity based data aggregation scenario, we cluster data into different groups and using a cluster-level data feature to train the model. In the local differential privacy scenario, we design a federated XGBoost framework by incorporate differential privacy in parameter transmission. Our experimental results over two datasets show the effectiveness of our proposed schemes compared with existing methods.

Language alienation and remodeling in the new media platform

The booming development of the Internet and new media has annihilated people in the era of information explosion. Under this social background, people's values are gradually biased, and the language alienation represented by violence and banter emerges in endlessly in the new media platforms. This article tries to take the case of Liu Xuezhou and "Rose boy" Gao Yan as an example, based on the investigation of the new media platform, analyze the phenomenon of language alienation in the new media platform, and explore the path to reshape the language of the new media platform.

Research on Node Scheduling Algorithm of Sensor Network based on Support Vector Machine

In the current Internet era with information explosion, SN (Sensor network) has important scientific research value and social and economic value in many fields because of its micro-intelligence and huge and basic perceptual data. Ensuring the coverage quality of the network cannot be at the expense of network connectivity. The decrease of network connectivity is equivalent to the failure of some nodes in the network, and the resulting data collection hole will affect the judgment of end users. In this paper, the scheduling algorithm of SN nodes based on SVM (Support vector machine) is studied. Considering the excellent performance of EN (ensemble learning), a scheduling algorithm of EN-LS-SVM is proposed by introducing bagging and random subspace method. The research results show that the network lifetime of the proposed algorithm is extended by 180s and 13.28% compared with the traditional algorithm on the premise that the network coverage is not less than 80%. The algorithm proposed in this paper can reduce network coverage vulnerabilities, keep network coverage at a high level and ensure network QoS.

The matrix revolutions: How databases and database linkages will transform epidemiologic research.

The matrix revolutions: How databases and database linkages will transform epidemiologic research.

Evaluation on College Students’ Anxiety and Social Media Usage during Shanghai Closure

As COVID-19 mutates, the highly infectious omicron mutants (BA. 5.2., BF. 7) tension shrouded China. Given the internet information explosion and youth social media addiction, observing the mental impact on college students during the 2022 Shanghai closure is worthwhile. A pilot survey study was conducted to explore the anxiety levels of college students during the closure. The sample size was limited to 101 second-year college students. In addition to demographics, the survey involved the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, self-perceived COVID-19 anxiety, frequency of COVID-19 information reception, number of social media accounts, and number of electronic devices. Though 68.4% of students equipped with two electronic devices (N = 95) exceeded the students with only one electronic device, a Chi-square test showed that students with only one electronic device had the highest anxiety index (mean = 50). Further, the Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that the number of electronic devices affected the students’ anxiety level (p = 0.027) while social media membership did not (p = 0.565). As a result, it was suggested that social media usage and pandemic information inputs among college students were significant concerns that required special attention from the government, schools, teachers, and families.

SocioPedia+: a visual analytics system for social knowledge graph-based event exploration.

In the recent era of information explosion, exploring event from social networks has recently been a crucial task for many applications. To derive valuable comprehensive and thorough insights on social events, visual analytics (VA) system have been broadly used as a promising solution. However, due to the enormous social data volume with highly diversity and complexity, the number of event exploration tasks which can be enabled in a conventional real-time visual analytics systems has been limited. In this article, we introduce SocioPedia+, a real-time visual analytics system for social event exploration in time and space domains. By introducing the dimension of social knowledge graph analysis into the system multivariate analysis, the process of event explorations in SocioPedia+ can be significantly enhanced and thus enabling system capability on performing full required tasks of visual analytics and social event explorations. Furthermore, SocioPedia+ has been optimized for visualizing event analysis on different levels from macroscopic (events level) to microscopic (knowledge level). The system is then implemented and investigated with a detailed case study for evaluating its usefulness and visualization effectiveness for the application of event explorations.

Machine Learning Based Sentiment Analysis of Message on Twitter

In the age of information explosion, it is a very important and challenging task to extract the required features from a huge amount of information. The emotion expressed by the text information is one of the most important features of the information. However, there is not much research in this field, so it is of great significance and exploratory to the text sentence emotion analysis. In order to compare and explore better feasibility, both the sequential neural network model and the random forest model were built. Through the contrast between the two models, the machine learning of datasets composed of Twitter comments is carried out to analyze the emotion of the text, and emotion extraction is the research topic of this paper. In this paper, emotion analysis was studied in the order of data processing, model building, and result analysis, and an accuracy of about 90% was finally achieved, which is a good result, from which it can be seen that the constructed neural network model plays a good role.

A Big Data Platform for International Academic Conferences Based on Microservice Framework

In the era of the information explosion, big data are always around us. Academic big data are defined as a large amount of data generated in the life cycle of all academic activities, which usually contains a large amount of academic information. Academic conferences can effectively promote academic exchanges among scholars. In recent years, academic conferences in various fields have been held around the world. However, with the increase in the number of academic conferences, the quality of conferences and the efficiency of hosting and participating in conferences are uneven. In today’s fast-paced life, high-quality and efficient academic conferences have become the first choice of scholars. In this paper, a conference recommendation method based on a big data analysis of users’ interests and preferences is proposed to help users choose high-quality academic conferences and to help organizers reduce conference costs and improve the conference operation efficiency. The method first divides the research fields of user-related academic conferences into three categories: the fields that users are interested in, the fields that users attend, and the research fields that users follow up. Then, the weights of these three categories are set, and the importance of each category recommendation related to the user is calculated. Finally, the conference recommendation index is calculated and several conferences with a high recommendation value are recommended to users. The experimental results show that the proposed conference recommendation method provides a convenient and fast service to conference participants and conference organizers. The developed big data platform can significantly improve the operation and participation efficiency of academic conferences, reduce the costs, and give full play to the role and value of academic conferences.

H3Rec: Higher-Order Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Interaction Modeling for Group Recommendations of Web Services

Recommendations are important web services in the era of information explosion. Particularly, group recommendations aim to suggest new items to groups such that the members of groups are likely interested in. However, existing works still suffer from sparsity and cold-start issues (e.g., cold-start groups or items) for groups with few interactions on items. Most of them model the preferences or features of entities (i.e., users, items and groups) from heterogeneous interactions (i.e., user-item, group-item and user-group interactions) between two distinct types of entities, while ignoring the homogeneous interactions (i.e., user-user, item-item and group-group interactions) between entities of one type. To this end, we propose a new model, called H3Rec, which learns the representations of entities by developing two graph embedding layers based on an interaction graph of all entities. Specifically, the two graph embedding layers make full use of the hidden information in the <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</b> <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">igher-order</i> <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</b> <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eterogeneous and</i> <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</b> <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">omogeneous interactions</i> of the graph. Therefore, H3Rec can alleviate the sparsity and cold-start issues and improve the performance of group recommendations. The experimental results on two real world datasets in different domains show the superiority of H3Rec in group recommendations, especially for cold-start groups and items.

Promoting Healthy Aging in a Digital World

Background The aging of the population is a global phenomenon, with growing numbers of persons over the age of 65 years, greater diversity of aging societies, and fewer younger people available to provide care and support for older adults. At the same time, enabling technology offers new solutions for aging well, including self-management of chronic conditions, communication with family and the health care team, passive monitoring, and enriching the home and community environments. Objective This keynote address highlights the demand characteristics for healthy aging and identifies potential solutions and challenges with enabling technology. Methods This presentation is based on literature review and engagement with diverse scientific collaborators. Results Major societal trends include the following: the growth of the older population with associated increases in the prevalence of chronic conditions and functional and cognitive disability; increased demand for both health and social services; increased demands on family caregivers at a time when there are fewer caregivers available; explosion of health information and desire to self-manage chronic conditions while remaining at home; widespread workforce shortages; and escalating costs of care. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the urgency of these demands and exacerbated health needs and workforce shortages while accelerating systematic change to address emergent challenges. New solutions are required to promote health, well-being, and health equity that entail both care model redesign and deployment of enabling technology. Optimal care for the future will place the older adult at the center; assure that information is available to all for good decision-making; and deploy human resources in the most effective way possible, providing the right person at the right time for the right task. Conclusions Technology has the potential to collect and make meaningful use of everyday data to inform plans for care; engage and optimize communication among the older adult, family, and care team; and enhance function and well-being. Actualizing this future requires appropriate policy, training, and leadership. Conflicts of Interest None declared.

An Introduction to Data Visualization

In the era of information explosion, users are exposed to overwhelming visual stimuli daily. Unprocessed raw data are difficult to understand by the human brain. The business field has more data from more references than ever before. However, the information being presented to most employees, much of the time, is displayed in the form of complicated spreadsheets and hackneyed charts that are missing the crucial insights that lends itself to better business understanding. Thankfully, human beings are very sensitive to the perception of graphics and images; therefore, the imagery behind the numbers in the data graphics makes it easier for people to understand. Data visualization is becoming the best way to communicate with people. The present paper will explore the importance of data visualization and the current uses of data visualization. It will also examine the different tools and potential problems, and a brief on data visualization is included.

Qualitative study of the fertility information support experiences of young breast cancer patients.

This qualitative study aimed to deeply understand the current experience of fertility information support for young breast cancer patients and to provide further evidence supporting the development of a fertility information support project. Using purposive sampling, 18 young breast cancer patients were selected for in-depth interviews from June to September 2022. Colaizzi's seven step analysis method and NVivo software were used to analyze and organize the interview data. Three themes and 10 subthemes were summarized from the interview data: Information anxiety (strong information demand, insufficient information support, information explosion, and information security); reproductive concerns (desire for fertility, anxiety about their children's health, denial of one's health, multiple burdens of emotional interweaving); and family support (the importance of good family relations, the need for a positive marital relationship). Medical staff should realize the importance of information support for young breast cancer patients and correctly identify the obstacles to insufficient information support. By establishing a fertility information support program, patients' awareness and the quality of fertility information support can be improved to reduce fertility anxiety in breast cancer patients.

THE FUTUE OF LIBRARIES IN THE MENA REGION TREND, CHALLENGES &amp; OPPORTUNITIES

Libraries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are affected by the repercussions of globalization, especially the "phenomenon of accelerating changes", which has become one of the most prominent features of the twenty-first century. To avoid confusion and loss of control, librarians must face the questions of the future. Depending on the analysis of specialized intellectual production, we aim to define a set of prospective questions: • What are the future roles of librarians and professional associations? • What are the amendments that should be made to the librarian profession to handle new trends? • What is the future of employment in the library sector? • What will the “over smart libraries” look like? • How will the libraries be affected by the equation of the dilemma of a printed book versus an electronic and a “TikTok’s” book? The study also aims to identify the most dominant trends that library and information experts expect and the serious problems that should be prepared for, based on the classification of the Center for the Future of Libraries of the American Library Association (ALA). These challenges are mainly about: • The impact of anticipated crises (epidemics, wars, etc.) on the financial capabilities related to employment and the risk of closing many libraries. • The growing phenomenon of the information explosion and its effects on the mechanisms for retrieving data and documents in libraries • The growing phenomenon of smart cities and the consequent emergence of smart and postsmart libraries. The growing phenomenon of artificial intelligence and the consequent destabilization of the library science identity as a human science discipline (integrating library departments in faculties of computer engineering). Moreover, we are reviewing opportunities that libraries can size to prove their position in the social and economic modern systems: • Libraries and services marketing to attract communities towards the practicing of information awareness as a strategic need required by knowledge economies. • Conducting educational curricula towards adopting libraries as a tool for building selflearning skills. • The use of positive psychology to improve life at workplaces of a library staff. The add-value of the current study is about the scarcity of similar studies related to the MENA region, especially those related to public libraries

Information and communication trends of the modern world

Internet infographics is examined in the article and such basic parameters of communications as speed and volume, which caused the “information explosion” in the 2000s are revealed. The concept of infodemic is characterized, its main features such as fakes, lies and mainly negative news in mass media are determined. Requirements for communications in the conditions of the infodemic are formed, which include the speed of strategy development and implementation, bright content. It is determined that today’s communications are a “mix” of newsmaking, useful and interesting content, and social responsibility. The reloading of network revolutions is described. It includes revolutions in education, communication, parent-child relationships, mass media, technologies and communications. It is noted that the main trend in education nowadays is a lifelong learning. The speed of information dissemination and its volume forces people to compensate for their lack of knowledge by constant self-education. It is stated that communication is moving to social networks and messengers, the communication protocol is changing, and these will change the format of human relations in the future. It has been investigated that the format of interaction between parents and children, which has been formed for thousands of years, is collapsing. Today’s children are the generation of the Internet and digital technologies. They are surrounded by a large amount of available information, they are able to acquire any kind of knowledge, which significantly expands their worldview and allows them to move not in the format of vertical career growth, but to gain new interesting experience every time. As for the media revolution, mass media no longer have exclusive access to news, because any influencer (opinion leader) reaches an audience that is more qualitative and can spread information quickly. The development of technologies takes place in the following areas: artificial intelligence, the Internet of Everything, the augmented and virtual reality. All these network revolutions affect the development of communication technologies, which forces advertisers and marketers to approach the formation of advertising campaigns in a new way.

The Process and Algorithm Analysis of Text Mining System Based on Artificial Intelligence

The rapid development of the Internet leads to the rapid growth of network information, we call it information explosion. The Internet is full of information, and it is difficult for users to find this information and useful knowledge of the ocean. The Web has become the world's largest information repository, and there is an urgent need for efficient access to the valuable knowledge of vast amounts of web information. The purpose of this paper is to study the process and algorithm analysis of text mining system based on artificial intelligence. This paper presents an algorithm of document feature acquisition based on genetic algorithm. Selecting suitable features is an important task in specific text classification and information retrieval. Finding appropriate feature vectors to represent the text will undoubtedly help with subsequent sorting and grouping. Based on the genetic algorithm of variable length chromosome, this paper improves the crossover, mutation and selection operations, and proposes an algorithm to obtain text feature vectors. This method has a wide range of applications and good results.

Attitude of dental students toward evidence-based dentistry in Iran: A systematic review.

Dentistry practice has become more complex and challenging in the recent years. The clinical decision-making process has experienced many problems due to changing socioeconomic patterns, knowledgeable patients, rapid technological advances, and information explosion. The present study reviewed the status of the attitude toward evidence-based dentistry (EBD) among dental students of Iran Universities. The effect of the educational intervention was also assessed. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis checklist. Search strategy was developed by Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords surfing electronic available databases including Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar and local databases such as Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran. Two reviewers read the abstracts of all eligible papers and excluded the duplicates. They extracted the information of the full-text of the studies included in the review and assessed the quality by Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Ten studies including 8 cross-sectional and 2 interventional studies met the criteria. The assessment of the attitude of 937 dental students from a different region of the country toward EBD showed moderate to acceptable status using 3 different tools. In regard to educational interventions, 2 studies were successful to improve their attitude. Although the researchers presented good scores on the attitude questionnaires, the quality of the study tools, the eligible criteria for recruiting the participants and the method of evaluating the construct of attitude should be investigated in future studies.

УКРАЇНСЬКА ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ НА ШЛЯХУ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ

Relevance and purpose of the article. In response to information and globalization processes in the modern world, to the occupation-genocide war of Russia against Ukraine reconstruction and transformation of sciences is ongoing, including Ukrainian historiography in electronic form, which is accompanied by an update of methodological, cognitive-scientific, educational, ideological and educational functions, enrichment of the source base at the expense of electronic information resources, expansion of the issues of scientific research studies, transfer of research results into digital form, and hence the new format of their presentations and introduction into social practices. The research methodology is based on taking into account the assets of predecessors, systematic adherence to the principles of historicism, continuity, anthropological, sociocultural and critical-analytical approaches, the involvement of methods of historiographical analysis and synthesis, comparative studies, methods of historical-chronological, historical-genetic knowledge and personal reflections. Presentation of the material built in four blocks: a) methodological and terminological foundations of the formation of electronic historiography; b) formation of historiographical sources in digital format and involvement of their information resources; c) creation of electronic historiographical texts; d) traditional and public historiography in the digital information space. Systematized information about the format and content of electronic web portals and websites of academic historical institutions, historical faculties and departments of national universities, creation of electronic texts based on the involvement of sources and literature on electronic carrier, formation of public history in digital format. Highlighted the value of electronic information resources of libraries, archives, museums for the development of historiography, the historiographical context of the concepts «electronic source» and «informational electronic resource» is clarified. Separated place and role in the structure of the source base historiography of electronic information resources of social networks, Internet communities, bloggers, in particular Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, Viber, Instagram, Twitter, Telegram, Messenger etc. Expressed a warning about the need to be critical of information, drawn from social networks, checking their authenticity, comparison with other sources, specified, th at they are often used for disinformation and manipulation of consciousness through fake posts, for compromising historians, which was especially evident in the conditions of the current war and Russia's informational aggression against Ukraine, the «war of histories», the imposition of the paradigm of «one nation» and «Russian peace». Conclusions and suggestions. Formation of electronic Ukrainian historiography, involvement in scientific studies of sources on digital media, the creation of electronic texts is intended to contribute to the new quality of research work, formation of a new generation of scientists as a response to the challenges of the digital revolution, globalization of the modern world, the information explosion and Russia's war against Ukraine. It is important to continue further research into the problems of the formation and development of digital historiography, updating the methodology, increasingly wider involvement of electronic information resources and increasing on this basis its role as a system of scientific knowledge and educational discipline on the development of historical science.

Data Secure De-Duplication and Recovery Based on Public Key Encryption With Keyword Search

In the current era of information explosion, users’ demand for data storage is increasing, and data on the cloud has become the first choice of users and enterprises. Cloud storage facilitates users to backup and share data, effectively reducing users’ storage expenses. As the duplicate data of different users are stored multiple times, leading to a sudden decrease in storage utilization of cloud servers. Data stored in plaintext form can directly remove duplicate data, while cloud servers are semi-trusted and usually need to store data after encryption to protect user privacy. In this paper, we focus on how to achieve secure de-duplication and recover data in ciphertext for different users, and determine whether the indexes of public key searchable encryption and the matching relationship of trapdoor are equal in ciphertext to achieve secure de-duplication. For the duplicate file, the data user’s re-encryption key about the file is appended to the ciphertext chain table of the stored copy. The cloud server uses the re-encryption key to generate the specified transformed ciphertext, and the data user decrypts the transformed ciphertext by its private key to recover the file. The proposed scheme is secure and efficient through security analysis and experimental simulation analysis.

Reasons Why the Ageing Population Stands Out on TikTok and the Analysis of Its Commercial Potential

Even in an era of information explosion, many older people still miss out on important information due to technical limitations. But TikTok, a global short video platform, has attracted more and more senior users in recent years through its creative and entertaining content, diverse community interactions, and easyto- use methods. It is even creating senior netizens with millions of followers. These older consumers and content contributors are showing their energy and vitality through TikTok to rewrite the way people expect older people to behave on social media. This paper investigates the accounts of older celebrities on Chinese TikTok platform to understand how older people are expanding their reach by making TikTok videos and how they can engage with the rapidly developing society through this online platform, which is regarded as a virtual playground for teenagers. In addition, this paper also discusses the undervalued commercial potential of an aging society. The data analysis reveals that older people may challenge stereotypes brought about by ageism and conclusions can be drawn that the aging group on TikTok is standing out on the platform because of its positive image and optimistic attitude towards life. Moreover, because of the increased digitalisation and the changing attitudes of older adults, their purchasing power is continuing to grow, and the aging industry is booming.

A Study on the Optimization Strategy of Information Literacy Education in University Libraries in China

In the era of information explosion, information literacy is particularly important for everyone. The most important educational responsibility of colleges and universities is to cultivate comprehensive applied talents for the society, and the university library is the main position for colleges and universities to cultivate students' information literacy. This paper studies the importance of improving college students' information literacy in the information age, the problems existing in university information literacy education, and the optimization strategy of information literacy education in university library.