Influential People Research Articles

Social associations and alcohol consumption in an Australian community sample: An egocentric social network analysis.

This study examined how social associations from a person's social network may be associated with their own alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption behavior was examined among the social networks of 784 survey respondents (54% female, Mage = 35.3 years), using egocentric social network analysis. Participants (egos) were recruited via a panel aggregator and completed an online survey about the frequency of their alcohol consumption and that of the 20 most influential people in their lives (alters). The survey also explored who these alters were (family, friends, work colleagues) and the interrelationships among these alters. Egos who consumed alcohol, or consumed alcohol more frequently, were surrounded by more alters who also drank alcohol and felt closer (had stronger ties) to these alters. These relationships remained statistically significant when controlling for demographic and other variables. The social networks of those who consumed alcohol more frequently were more densely intertwined. Alcohol may serve to initiate social connections and be a "social glue" that reinforces relationships. These strong social associations present a potential barrier to individuals who wish to reduce their alcohol consumption because they have few close social connections who do not drink alcohol (or who do so infrequently), and their highly interconnected social networks make it difficult to socialize only with those who do not drink frequently. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The Influential People and Memories in the Formation of My Approach to Contextual Functional Interpretation

It will be noted that in all my scholarly writings and studies I have used an approach I call “contextual functional interpretation”, a problem-solving method. Every word has a meaning specific to its cultural context and carries a text on its shoulders. If this text is not correctly understood, the accuracy of the sentence cannot reach a sufficient and necessary level of reliability. By ensuring the correct understanding of each word that makes up the sentence, a reliable accuracy of explanation is achieved. In the genesis of this idea, scientists and mentors who have had an impact on the formation of my mind, identity and embodiment have played a significant role. In this article, I would like to talk to you about the people who influenced me in the birth of the contextual-functional approach to interpretation, and share some memories of them.

Comparing the Familiarity of the Basic and Clinical Faculty Members of Iran University of Medical Sciences with the Principles of Digital Professionalism.

Due to the changing conditions of education, research, and treatment in the world, especially the recent pandemic, and more use of virtual space, there is a need for evaluation of digital professionalism in faculty members as the most influential people who have a direct and deep impact on the next generation. In this analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2023 on 149 faculty members of Iran University of Medical Sciences, they were invited to participate in the study through various methods (SMS, E-mail, and media messages). The link to the Persian standardized questionnaire was made available for participants. If a person received less than 70% of the score in each area, he/she would receive solutions to improve his/her situation in that area at the end of answering the questions. The self-administered questionnaire has 5 fields and 33 questions. Maximum scores were 10 points. Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients and statistical tests consisting of chi-square, t-test, Mann-Whitney U, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis H were used in the analysis. The mean overall score of people in principles of digital professionalism was 0.8. Women and basic sciences faculties had a significantly better status than men and clinical faculties in the principles of digital professionalism as a whole (P = 0.001 and P = 0.049, respectively). The domain of "knowledge management and information literacy" had significantly lower scores in professors in comparison with other degree (instructors, assistant professors, and associate professors (P = 0.039). The mean score of the principles of digital professionalism is acceptable at 80%. Coherent, timely, and up-to-date training to ensure the effective, safe and appropriate use of digital technology, especially for men, professors and clinical faculty members who had a lower score than others, should be done.

The Regulating Act, 1773

The legislative branch of the British government passed a law called the Regulating Act in order to manage and supervise the operations of the East India Company's various businesses. Because the primary purpose of passing the act was to govern the activities of the firm, it was once designated as East India Company Act, 1773.1 The adoption of the regulatory act of 1773 was done for several important reasons, the most important of which were to control the mismanagement that existed in the regions of Bengal and to solve the problem of parallel systems. 2 By 1773, the East India Company had already been experiencing significant financial difficulties for some time. The fact that this organisation represented a monopoly trade enterprise in India and that many influential people were stockholders contributed to the significance of the organisation for the British Raj. 3 The Company spent £40,000 every year to maintain the monopoly; however, it has been unable to pay its obligations since 1768, which has led to a drop in the amount of tea that is shipped to the United States. Almost 85 percent of all tea that was ever drank in the U. S. was obtained through illegal importation of Dutch teas. The East India Company owed money to both the Bank of England and the government of England. The government owned 7 million kg of tea that was rotting in British storage, and more tea was on its way from India. This Tea Act of 1773, along with the Regulating Act of 1773, had the primary objective of reducing the significant amount of tea that was being stored in London, the majority of which belonged to the financially struggling British East India Corporation, with the intention of assisting the financially struggling corporation in surviving.

Can Social Media Be a Key Driver to Becoming an Entrepreneur?

AbstractSocial media have in recent years been considered crucial to entrepreneurial activity. There are, however, different ways of using them. Social media can be used from a professional or personal perspective to interact or influence by generating networks of contacts. Users freely share their opinions, desires, and concerns on the networks, thus contacting and interacting with influential people or with their own interest groups. Digitalization has given social media particular significance, but it is not clear that they are key motivating factors for entrepreneurial drive. Hence, through a survey conducted in organizations in the Community of Madrid, we have analyzed various factors such as the context and the intention to use social media and their influence on the decision to be an entrepreneur or engage in entrepreneurial activities. We used the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) methodology, which allows us to provide reliability in the results without large samples. The findings suggest that social networks are dynamic and highly relevant tools today, with the ability to facilitate meaningful connections. Thus, while social media are influential and worthy of consideration, they are not the primary catalyst for entrepreneurial initiatives. Consequently, much of the information and knowledge generated in this area over the years is assumed to be normal and not particularly relevant to being an entrepreneur.

Curriculum, Ideology and Superstition: A Critical Study of English Textbooks in India

The present research paper discusses the curriculum of high school English language textbooks in the context of ideology. The idea of education is not innocent, secular, and ideologically neutral rather it is more biased. Education is full of ideologies. The ruling class that is in power controls the curriculum, textbooks and education system. These influential people manipulate society according to their ideology through education. Schools, textbooks and curricula are the central tools or agencies to transform dominant ideology into society through education. The ruling class people control the education system because they have hidden their benefits in it. Education is used to alter the ideology of dominant people in society. We consider school knowledge as the highest pure knowledge form and accept it without question. Therefore, the dominant class who is in power takes advantage of this situation. And considering this the current research paper critically examines the high school English language textbook in the context of Ideology.

Slovenian Hopes and Plans in the Last Days of the Habsburg Monarchy

Abstract The article analyzes Slovenian perspectives on the possible formations of a state of South Slavs from the final stages of World War I until when the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenians (SCS) was established in 1918. In this period, the most influential Slovenian People's Party (SLS) gradually abandoned the concept of the May Declaration and accepted the idea of unification with Serbia. Despite Slovenian parties seeming to be in harmony on this issue, significant ideological differences separated them, as reflected in the geopolitical parameters of imagined Yugoslav state ideas they envisioned. Further, dissidents from the main parties also developed alternative visions of their own. This article looks at a few of the most prominent alternatives, while determining what distinguishes them from the requirements of the May Declaration, and examines the crucial factors in Slovenians’ decision to join the state of South Slavs with Serbia and to be outside the Habsburg monarchy.

The Role of Social Media in Shaping Public Opinion on Environmental Issues

Purpose: This research examines into network dynamics affecting information spreads on social media and in turn its impact on people perception regarding environmental issues. The goal of study is to find influential people in the network and figure out how content goes viral, and fix the issues that arise from echo chambers. Methods: Firstly, we did a thorough review of all the previous research to build a theoretical base and find the most important trends and debates. This literature review was very helpful in showing where more research is needed, especially when it comes to understanding the effects of influential people, how content goes viral, and how echo chambers form in social networks. The ideas we got from this review helped us plan our empirical analysis. Network analysis found the most important people in social media networks by looking at measures of centrality, especially eigenvector centrality. After that, simulation models were used to study how environmental messages move through various network structures, with a focus on pace of spread, network connectedness and echo chamber formation. Results: Network analysis showed that influential people with high eigenvector centrality make environmental messages much more likely to spread. Simulations showed that it is much easier for messages to spread when content goes viral and networks are more connected. The study also showed how networks with a lot of people can create echo chambers that make it hard for messages to get to people and make things more vicious. Conclusions: It is clear from these results that to get environmental messages across on social media, it is important to use influential people and content. Getting people from different groups to dialogue to each other and breaking down "echo chambers" is also important for a fair and well-informed public discussion. It is easy to make campaigns that care about the environment with these ideas.

Sociological and Psychological Traits of Human Bonding to Reflected in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus

Man is a social animal and depends on others to fulfil his needs. Hence it becomes imperative that he maintains a proper relationship with others. It is indeed true that relationships cannot be created overnight. For building a relationship, one should have qualities like kindness, adaptability, understanding, tolerance, patience, and the like. Maintaining the relationship that is built is yet another challenging task. Since literature is a reflection of human life, many literary works focus on human bonding and the need and importance of maintaining a relationship through the portrayal of various characters. Purple Hibiscus is one such novel written by the African American writer, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, considered one of the 100 ‘Most Influential People.’ The novel brings out various aspects of human bonding and relationship through the incidents that occur in day-to-day lives. The present paper intends to analyse the struggles faced by the characters involved in different kinds of relationship and their realising the need of connectedness in the novel, Purple Hibiscus.

Ramón Castroviejo (1904–1987): The father of the modern corneal transplantation

Ramón Castroviejo Briones was born in 1904 in Logroño, Spain. He received his medical education at the University of Madrid, where he graduated in 1927. In 1929, he received a fellowship to work as assistant in the Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital and College of Chicago. In 1930, he passed his American Board Examination and returned to Europe to visit the centers where keratoplasty was a fact. He visited the University eye clinics of Madrid, Paris, Vienna, Berlin, and Prague. When he returned to the United States, Castroviejo had a clear idea of what was being done in Europe and what he hoped to achieve. William L. Benedict had offered him a research fellowship at the Mayo Clinic, in Rochester, Minnesota, which Castroviejo accepted. In 1932, Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler granted Castroviejo a Research Fellowship at the new Eye Institute of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University. He moved to New York, where he continued his research in animals in the Eye Institute of the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, and was an early developer of techniques for transplanting corneal tissue from the eyes of those who had just died to damaged eyes of the living. While not being the first to successfully graft human cornea, he improved the technique of the operation in the 1930s and 1940s, prompting the worldwide adoption of corneal transplantation as a standard way to deal with severe corneal pathology. His keratoplasty technique, creating a rectangular rather than circular “window” in the cornea, was the secret to his successful transplants, and remained standard until more efficient suture materials became available. The surgeon described this technique in 1937 to the American College of Surgeons. He contended that rectangular windows gave better results than the circular ones that had been tried earlier, since their edges could be fitted better to merge with and become a living part of the rest of the eye. Although the medical community was slow to recognize his successes, Castroviejo was eventually lauded for his sight‐saving corneal tissue transplant techniques, which he continued to refine and teach for many years. Castroviejo also promoted the donation of corneal tissue in the United States and designed numerous ophthalmic instruments, including the Castroviejo needle holder ‐an instrument used in eye, dental and other forms of microsurgery‐ Castroviejo callipers and corneal scissors. He became the director of Ophthalmology at St. Vincent's Hospital before he opened his own hospital when he bought the Hammond House in New York. After closing his private hospital he retired as clinical professor of the University of New York and moved permanently to Madrid, where he founded the Instituto Castroviejo, at the Complutense University of Madrid, and organized the Spanish Eye Bank, maintaining extensive clinical activity whenever his health permitted. Ramón Castroviejo died in 1987, at the age of 82, and is widely recognized as one of the 10 most influential people in ophthalmology of the 20th century.

QUALITIES OF THE IDEAL LEADER

Sharing power and information and fostering the growth of self-leading skills are the objectives of leadership. Even the most influential and powerful people become leaders accidentally since most people don't seek the position. It might be challenging and even terrifying to speak in front of others and convince them to do something. Leadership is jointly formed. It is neither with one side nor the other. We all take part in the illusion, which is what it is. In this article, we will explore what are the traits of the ideal leader and how to be improve them with Self-Ledership Also we take a short look on who will be best leader from the genders

Zapomniany tarnowianin dr med. Marian Wodziński (1911–1986) i jego aktywny udział w odkrywaniu prawdy o zbrodni katyńskiej

The text attempts to present the wartime and post-war fate of the Polish intelligentsia who took a direct part in uncovering the Katyn massacre, using the example of Dr Marian Wodziński, a medical doctor. As a forensic doctor, he was appointed (against his will), to examine the exhumation of the victims buried in the Katyn forest. As a forensic expert, he believed that it was not up to him to determine the perpetrators, but to the court that would one day hear the murder case. He remained under pressure from the Germans, and after his return from Katyn to Poland, he was intensively searched by the NKVD and the UB, as an inconvenient, muchknowing witness. Arrested by the NKVD, he was freed thanks to influential people, and when he started to go into hiding, an APB was issued for him. In December 1945, he managed to escape from Poland under the name Marian Cich. He settled in the United Kingdom. The security apparatus recruited his brother Stanislaw to collaborate with him for many years. Despite many attempts, Dr M. Wodziński did not succumb to persuasion and pressure and did not return to Poland, although he missed his homeland very much. He returned to Tarnów after his death, in an urn which was buried in the family grave. Despite his many merits, as well as his patriotic attitude, until recently the figure of Dr M. Wodziński was forgotten. Also in his home town of Tarnów. The text about Dr Marian Wodziński should be – in the author’s assumption – a memento of this luminous figure for contemporary and future generations of Poles, especially the Polish intelligentsia, of which Dr Wodziński was a representative.

Unpublished Poems of Reşid Âkif Pasha

Osmanlı Devleti, altı yüzyılı aşkın bir süre zarfında her alanda sayısız başarılarıyla tarihin mümtaz sayfalarında yerini almış büyük bir devlettir. Bir devletin sağlıklı ve uzun yaşamasına, elde ettiği başarılara sebep olan ana âmiller ise, yetiştirdiği birbirinden değerli âlim, şâir, mühendis, mimar, bürokrat, asker, devlet ricâli gibi yapı taşlarıdır. Padişahlarından, birkaç dili konuşan ve o dillerde şiirler yazan şâirler, musikişinaslar, hattatlar ve ressamlar bulunan Osmanlı Devleti, söz konusu alanlarda etkili ve vasıflı sayısız insan yetiştirmiştir. Baştan ayağa üstün vasıflarla donanmış böyle bir devlette üst düzey bürokrat olarak vazife yapabilmek ise donanımlı olmayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Reşid Âkif Paşa, Osmanlı Devleti’nin üst düzey bürokratlarından biridir. O, Osmanlı Devleti’nin idâre ve irâdesinin sarsıldığı son döneminde, 1902-1908 yılları arasında, Sivas Valiliği görevinde bulunmuş ve devletin temsil gücünü en iyi şekilde yerine getirerek vazifesini başarıyla tamamlamıştır. Reşid Âkif Paşa, bu görevinin dışında şiir ve edebiyatla olan meşguliyeti ve aruz vezninde yazdığı şiirleri ile de temayüz etmiştir. Yazdığı şiirleri küçük bir divançe oluşturacak nitelikte olmasına rağmen, Vefâ yangınında evinin yanması sonucu şiirleri de kaybolmuştur. Onun günümüze ulaşan ve bilinen nazımları yedi
 şiirden ibarettir. Reşid Âkif Paşa’nın, İbnülemin Mahmut Kemal İnal’a gönderdiği mektup ve şiirleri yanında, Elmalılı Muhammed Hamdi Yazır’a da şiirler gönderdiği yaptığımız araştırma ve incelemeler sonucu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Ahmed Remzi Akyürek’in yazmalarında da Reşid Âkif Paşa’ya âit gazeller ve gazellerine yapılmış nazîre, tahmîs ve taştîr tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızın konusu, Reşid Âkif Paşa’nın, tespit edilen ve ilk
 defa yayınlanacak olan sekiz adet gazeli ve gazellerine yapılmış nazîre, tahmîs ve taştîr üzerinedir. Bu çalışmamızda söz konusu şiirler transkripsiyon harfleriyle yazılıp incelenecek ve Türk edebiyatı tarihine önemli olduğuna inandığımız şiirler kazandırılacaktır.

Effectiveness of the Gatekeeper-Based Suicide Prevention Training Package in Improving the Attitude and Enhancing the Knowledge About Suicide Prevention in Iran Army Commanders

Background: In military organizations and units, commanders, as the most influential people on the military conditions of duty-staff personnel, have a significant impact on the mental and physical health of their forces. Therefore, primary mental health training and improving their ability to deal with risky behaviors can guarantee the health of the military forces under their command. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the gatekeeper training program in improving the attitude and enhancing the knowledge about suicide prevention among Iranian army commanders. Methods: This practical research was structured using a quasi-experimental method with the 31-question scale of the attitude toward suicide (ATTS) questionnaire as a pretest and posttest. A sample of 40 commanders in Tehran’s military barracks was appointed by purposeful sampling (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The experimental group received a gatekeeper-based suicide prevention training package, while the control group received no training. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test in SPSS software. Results: The present study indicated a considerable impact on knowledge and attitude about suicide in IR army commanders. Furthermore, the difference between the experimental and control groups in suicide prevention knowledge and its fundamental structures was significant, and in the entire population, it was greater than 0.1. Conclusions: The findings indicated that the gatekeeper training package significantly improved attitudes toward suicide and enhanced knowledge about it. Thus, the gatekeeper training package can be used in other active training methods to educate commanders to prevent suicide.

Transitivity in Pope Francis’ Speech in Morocco: A Systemic Functional Linguistic Analysis

The way we speak and the words we choose to convey a certain message are not neutral. They are overloaded with certain meanings that represent our worldview, namely when delivered by most influential people like religious leaders and used in contexts which are ideologically constructed like that of the speech of Pope Francis with his symbolic power and role in religious diplomacy. The main aim of this study is to investigate the construction of experiential meanings in Pope Francis' historical speech during his apostolic journey to Morocco on March 19, 2019, by examining the specific linguistic choices employed. This study employs the transitivity model within the framework of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) as its theoretical foundation for analysis. Precisely, using quantitative analysis, this paper endeavors to address two key questions: Firstly, what distributions and patterns of transitivity has Pope Francis utilized in constructing experiential meanings in his speech in Morocco? Second, what functions do the transitivity processes and each participant involved have in the delivered speech text, aiding the speaker in conveying their intention? The dataset comprises 182 clauses extracted from the aforementioned speech. The results of this study showed that Pope Francis employed six types of transitivity processes, totaling 186 processes. Yet, material processes, constituting 62%, and mental processes, comprising 15%, were identified as dominant, suggesting their significant roles in conveying vibrant information in his speech that aimed to enhance dialogue and foster friendly relations between Catholicism and Islam, promoting cooperation in the construction and establishment of a world characterized by sincere, courageous, and essential collaboration. The findings therefore indicate that transitivity choices play a crucial role in conveying implicit meanings.

Tik Tok Users' Opinions About Da’wah Religious ModerationIn Tik Tok Conversation

This research was conducted to describe the views of influential people in Tk Tok conversations around religious moderation. The ideas and subjects expressed by Mega influencers, Macro influencers, and Nano influencers are examined in this research using public opinion, the agenda-forming model, and the spiral of silence. This research methodology uses qualitative descriptive content analysis techniques. The keyword "religious moderation" in Vivo was used to search for research data. The majority of research findings are positive public perceptions of Tik Tok influencers. Five accounts on the nano-influencer account criticized religious moderation, while two accounts were neutral. The research results show that the majority of TikTok influencers' views on the subject of religious moderation are favorable. There are several influencer views including neutral, negative or positive opinions. Most of the public opinions from influencers on TikTok are positive. On the @basyasman00 account there are several negative comments, and 1 account has a neutral tone regarding religious moderation. The mass media agenda and the agenda of influencers on social media shape public opinion.

Artist’s Roundtable - The artists’ take on Generative AI

When looking for actionable strategies, insights and recommendations, often we look to researchers, consultants and external experts. It’s crucial though, that we gain insight from those at the coal-face; and with respect to Generative AI and the creative industry, that’s the artists who are making the work and building the tools. The New Real’s creative agent, Caroline Sinders, sat down with three other artists working with Generative AI – Lex Fefegha, Eryk Salvaggio and Amelia Winger-Bearskin – to explore future landscapes for Generative AI Arts, find out what co-creation between AI and artists can look like, and - simply - capture what artists want from both AI and those influential people in the broader ecosystem of funding, curation, museums and policy-making.

Optimal control of a rumor propagation model in online social network by considering influential nodes

Social networking platforms give people an opportunity to get in contact with each other irrespective of boundaries. Through these platforms, any individual can easily follow the ideas of other individuals like friends, relatives, politicians, actors, etc, and get in contact with them. In this paper, we examine rumor propagation with two types of infected people: highly influential people and ordinary people. Some ordinary people, blindly follow the messages shared by highly influential people. By using this concept we analyze the rumor-spreading model in networks (homogeneous and heterogeneous). We applied control strategies in homogeneous networks and observed that government policies to control rumor propagation can reduce its spread. Immunization in heterogeneous networks by giving proper information and education to people about facts can also reduce the spread and help people make the right decision when they come across a rumor.

Political hyper-reality in social media: A case study of female candidates in the Regional Representatives Council (DPD) of South Sumatera, Indonesia

This study focused on the Regional Representatives Council (DPD) election in South Sumatra, Indonesia, and examined the creation of hyper-reality in the social media campaigns of female legislative candidates (caleg). Furthermore, it specifically concentrated on the use of social media platforms. A mixed-methodology approach was used, which combined content analysis of social media posts with semi-structured interviews involving twelve informants. This study also aimed to determine how female DPD candidates project their image on social media and the effect on voters. The results showed that female DPD candidates presented themselves on social media in a manner consistent with sociocultural expectations of the role women are expected to play in politics. They portrayed themselves as individuals who can maintain a healthy balance between professional and personal lives, who are educated, devout and have connections with influential people and the general public. It was also shown that voters are still influenced by hyper-realistic depictions of political candidates shared on social media, even though they can differentiate between photographs shared on social media and actual reality. This demonstrated the significant impact of social media on shaping public opinion and the conduct of political actors. This result will contribute to the expanding academic literature on hyper-reality, politics and social media. It will also shed light on the creation of hyper-reality in the political campaigns of women seeking legislative office. This study emphasized the importance of social media as a strategic tool in contemporary politics and how hyper-reality constructions may influence voters’ perceptions and behaviour in the context of DPD elections in South Sumatra.

Social, political and economic influence on women leadership in the 21st century

Due to restrictions on women’s behavior and gender disparities in opportunities, much of women’s potential remains untapped in the world. In today’s ever challenging competition, the social community need to increase capability of women to take leadership in realizing their rights and determining their life outcomes among various options, so that they can lead a better life with dignity under any circumstances. The aim of this study was to determine social, political and economic influences on women leadership in today’s world. A content analysis of comprehensive in-depth interviews has taken place to understand the research phenomena. Malaysia has been chosen as the study setup where the proportion of women is almost half of the total population. Data has been analyzed using Nvivo computer programs. The result shows distinctive themes grouped under each measured variables. Social, political and economic influences shaping women leadership with many unseen obstacles at first hand, but later synchronized under study objectives. This research will endeavor not only for empowering of those that are more vulnerable in conflicts or natural disasters such as women, but also to increase awareness about gender equality among men in general and decision makers in local communities as well as among influential people (administrators, educators, politicians and religious leaders) through scientific recommendations on advocacy and training, and accelerate the transformation of social structure.