Influential Literature Research Articles

Traduciendo narrativa norteamericana: el retorno a la casa (de los otros)

En los últimos años noventa del pasado siglo y primeros del siglo 21, una de las narrativas más influyentes ha sido la estadounidense, desde el realismo sucio hasta los poderosos escritores posmodernos, como Thomas Pynchon, Don DeLillo y David Foster Wallace, entre otros. En este artículo intentaremos explicar cómo las diferentes traducciones al español de sus libros han contribuido a la apertura de nuevos umbrales para la última narrativa española, y cómo su cosmovisión estética ha proporcionado a los autores españoles nuevos temas, técnicas narrativas, desarrollos de trama y estructuras

Citation classics in neuro-oncology: assessment of historical trends and scientific progress.

Citation classics represent the highest cited works in a field and are often regarded as the most influential literature. Analyzing thematic trends in citation classics across eras enables recognition of important historical advances within a field. We present the first analysis of the citation classics in neuro-oncology. The Web of Science database was searched using terms relevant to "neuro-oncology." Articles with >400 citations were identified and the top 100 cited articles were evaluated. The top 100 neuro-oncology citation classics consisted of 43 clinical studies (17 retrospective, 10 prospective, 16 randomized trials), 43 laboratory investigations, 8 reviews/meta-analyses, and 6 guidelines/consensus statements. Articles were classified into 4 themes: 13 pertained to tumor classification, 37 to tumor pathogenesis/clinical presentation, 6 to imaging, 44 to therapy (15 chemotherapy, 10 radiotherapy, 5 surgery, 14 new agents). Gliomas were the most common tumor type examined, with 70 articles. There was a significant increase in the number of citation classics in the late 1990s, which was paralleled by an increase in studies examining tumor pathogenesis, chemotherapy, and new agents along with laboratory and randomized studies. The majority of citation classics in neuro-oncology are related to gliomas and pertain to tumor pathogenesis and treatment. The rise in citation classics in recent years investigating tumor biology, new treatment agents, and chemotherapeutics may reflect increasing scientific interest in nonsurgical treatments for CNS tumors and the need for fundamental investigations into disease processes.

Comobility

What role do social connections play in the labor market? A vast, influential literature has detailed the ways in which ties facilitate the flow of information about job opportunities to workers as well as endorsements or referrals of workers to firms. We propose that this role is not constrained to an informational one alone. Rather, relationships between workers can enable a collective job-matching process that facilitates the transfer of shared human capital from one organization to another. Yet “comobility” has been studied only occasionally and among elite workers in particular industries. This study delivers both fieldwork as well as large-sample analysis among all non-governmental workers in Denmark, finding a 5.5% wage premium for those who move jointly instead of independently, both in the full sample as well as when applying strict matching or fixed effects for workers or firms. Co-movers whose skills are related but not identical capture a higher premium, and the wage gains associated with comobility are not limited to highly-skilled workers but rather obtain across a wide range of occupations. Robustness tests establish that the wage premium associated with comobility is not driven by efforts to capture “prized” workers, by employee referrals, or by aggressive hiring by firms. This study provides the first quantification of the anticipated value of comobility, suggesting that both workers and firms may want to revisit individualistic assumptions about how labor markets function. More broadly, our findings show that social relationships can transfer not only information but jointly-held human capital across organizational boundaries.

Small farms, smaller plots: land size, fragmentation, and productivity in Ethiopia

African agriculture is often dominated by smallholder farms composed of multiple plots. In policy circles it is often assumed that fragmentation coupled with small farm size is an impediment to increasing yields and thus decreasing poverty and food insecurity. There also exists an influential literature that explores the inverse relationship between farm size and yield. While there are many studies internationally, few have been conducted in Africa. Using an Ethiopian national survey, we explore the relationship between yield, farm size and fragmentation. We find an inverse relationship between farm size and yield, and a positive association between yield and land fragmentation.

Communication Without Legislation? A Cross-National Field Experiment on Members of Parliament

Do legislators communicate with constituents about affairs that they cannot legislate? An influential literature underlines the communication of what legislators do in the legislature to their constituents. This article questions the hypothetical link between communication and legislation. I conduct a cross-national field experiment on members of national parliaments (MPs) to investigate how they behave when ordinary citizens require them to explain what they cannot legislate. Overall, the results show that MPs are evenly responsive to explanation requests within and outside their legislative competence. Likewise, their replies to inquiries on what they can and cannot legislate are equally quick and just as detailed. Further analysis reveals that electoral incentives motivate MPs to account for even those affairs that they cannot legislate. This suggests that, with regard to the content, legislators’ communicative accountability may be larger than previously supposed.

Clarifying the Epistemology of Corporate Sustainability

Business research is placing increasing focus on the relationship between the natural environment and the political concept of sustainable development. Within this nexus, one area, labelled ‘Corporate Sustainability’, emphasizes the interactions between economic, environmental and social values. The need to consider multiple values has contributed to a blur in the conceptual landscape. This is partly due to the fact that authors often address epistemological challenges on an implicit level. Moreover, hidden ideologies, e.g. the profit maximization paradigm, can explain the conceptual obscurity.The contribution of this article is twofold. Firstly, a conceptual framework is developed based on the dichotomy of positivism and constructivism. A relation is established between these epistemological positions and the analytic treatment of environmental and social values. The framework can be applied to increase transparency on epistemological challenges and thereby strengthening construct validity in the field. Secondly, an analysis of the most influential literature from the last 50years shows that there is a trend of clustering theoretical positions and value constructs without any critical awareness of their philosophical assumptions. The authors hope that acknowledgement of a multi-paradigmatic approach can help to clarify the epistemology of the research area by establishing pluralism as an explicit position.

Flawed Economic Models Have Misled RPM Policy: Changes in Canada, Europe and the United States

Some of the influential literature that supports the resale price maintenance efficiency view is flawed when it relies on presale services that do not modify the value-in-use of a good. Crucially, we consider that value-in-use may differ from prepurchase perceived value. We apply the value-in-use standard, which exposes the loss in consumer surplus in Bork’s model and reveals that even Bork’s dissenters significantly underestimate their calculated losses to inframarginal consumers. When consumer surplus is the antitrust/competition policy standard, our results suggest that a rule-of-reason regime where authorities or agencies bear the burden of proof can be unfavourable to consumers.

Strategic communication of EU affairs: an analysis of legislative behaviour on Twitter

ABSTRACTAn influential literature underlines how much parliamentary communication of European Union (EU) affairs could offer to democracy in the EU. Yet members of parliaments (MPs) seem unmoved by their potential. MPs are strategic about their communication, and this study questions the suitability of EU affairs to their re-election strategies. Analysing the messages posted on Twitter by regional and national MPs from Ireland and the United Kingdom over a four-month period, this article shows that clear electoral safety and strong political responsibility increase the communication of EU affairs. This suggests that the low electoral benefits and the high political complexity of EU affairs are significant deterrents to parliamentary communication of these affairs. As a result, the voices of Eurosceptic MPs echo disproportionately louder on Twitter.

There and back again: The study of mental disorder and terrorist involvement.

For the past 40 years, researchers studied the relationship between mental disorder and terrorist involvement. The literature developed in 4 paradigms, each of which differs in terms of their empirical evidence, the specific mental disorders studied, and their conceptualizations of terrorist involvement. These paradigms have not, however, witnessed linear and incremental improvements upon 1 another. Although 1 paradigm has generally tended to dominate a temporal period, many false assumptions and incorrect interpretations of earlier work permeate into today's discourse. This article provides a history of the study of mental disorders and the terrorist. First, we briefly outline the core fundamental principles of the first 2 paradigms, The article then outlines the core arguments produced by the seminal reviews conducted in Paradigm 3. We highlight how these findings were consistently misinterpreted in subsequent citations. We then highlight recent innovations in the study of terrorism and mental disorder since the various influential literature reviews of 1997-2005. We conclude by outlining how future research in this area may improve in the coming years by broadening our understanding of both terrorist involvement and psychopathology away from simple dichotomous thinking. (PsycINFO Database Record

Application of Ethical Principles to Research using Public Health Data in The Global South: Perspectives from Africa

Existing ethics guidelines, influential literature and policies on ethical research generally focus on real-time data collection from humans. They enforce individual rights and liberties, thereby lowering need for aggregate protections. Although dependable, emerging public health research paradigms like research using public health data (RUPD) raise new challenges to their application. Unlike traditional research, RUPD is population-based, aligned to public health activities, and often reliant on pre-collected longitudinal data. These characteristics, when considered in relation to the generally lower protective ethico-legal frameworks of the Global South, including Africa, highlight ethical gaps. Health and demographic surveillance systems are examples of public health programs that accommodate RUPD in these contexts. We set out to explore the perspectives of professionals with a working knowledge of these systems to determine practical ways of appropriating the foundational principles of health research to advance the ever growing opportunities in RUPD. We present their perspectives and in relation to the literature and our ethical analysis, make context relevant recommendations. We further argue for the development of a framework founded on the discussions and recommendations as a minimum base for achieving optimal ethics for optimal RUPD in the Global South.

What Is Known: Examining the Empirical Literature in Resident Work Hours Using 30 Influential Articles.

Examining influential, highly cited articles can show the advancement of knowledge about the effect of resident physicians' long work hours, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of work hour limits. A narrative review of 30 articles, selected for their contribution to the literature, explored outcomes of interest in the research on work hours-including patient safety, learning, and resident well-being. Articles were selected from a comprehensive review. Citation volume, quality, and contribution to the evolving thinking on work hours and to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education standards were assessed. Duty hour limits are supported by the scientific literature, particularly limits on weekly hours and reducing the frequency of overnight call. The literature shows declining hours and call frequency over 4 decades of study, although the impact on patient safety, learning, and resident well-being is not clear. The review highlighted limitations of the scientific literature on resident hours, including small samples and reduced generalizability for intervention studies, and the inability to rule out confounders in large studies using administrative data. Key areas remain underinvestigated, and accepted methodology is challenged when assessing the impact of interventions on the multiple outcomes of interest. The influential literature, while showing the beneficial effect of work hour limits, does not answer all questions of interest in determining optimal limits on resident hours. Future research should use methods that permit a broader, collective examination of the multiple, often competing attributes of the learning environment that collectively promote patient safety and resident learning and well-being.

Will you help me to suffer less? How about to feel more joy? Positive and negative empathy are associated with different other-oriented motivations

Although the vast majority of existing work on empathy focuses exclusively on the socio-emotional consequences of empathizing with others' negative emotions, mounting evidence supports the view that empathy for others' negative emotions and empathy for others' positive emotions are distinct capacities. The present work seeks to marry this burgeoning literature on the separability of positive and negative empathy to the influential literature on approach and avoidance motivation by examining how these two distinct empathic capacities relate to the (pro)social motivations to assist others to approach positivity vs. avoid negativity. The results of two studies show that whereas positive empathy is associated with an other-focused motivation to assist others to approach positive outcomes and is predictive of helping only when that help is framed as a means of propelling others toward greater positivity, negative empathy is associated with an other-focused motivation to assist others to avoid negative outcomes and is associated with helping only when that help is framed as a means of assisting others to avoid further suffering. In addition to contributing to the emerging literature on the separability of positive and negative empathy, these results also help to extend the influential approach/avoidance distinction to the domain of other-focused motivation.

Democracy, Elite Bias, and Redistribution in Latin America

ARE DEMOCRACIES MORE REDISTRIBUTIVE than autocracies? That is, do they enact regulatory and fiscal policies that tend to equalize market incomes and transfer wealth from the rich to the poor? If so, are there certain conditions under which this pattern is amplified—or suffocated? These questions are motivated by an influential literature on the distributive foundations of regime types that put class conflict waged between the rich and poor at the center of political life. Newer entries are centered on the median voter paradigm and are known collectively as social conflict theory.1 They are inspired by a host of celebrated earlier contributions.2 Social conflict theory makes several predictions. First, relatively unequal countries will tend to transition to democracy. Second, under democracy, the poor will take to the polls and favor policies that tax the rich and transfer income and wealth to themselves. Third, elected officials will cater to the preferences of those less well-off because the logic of electoral competition drives them to converge on the preferences of the median voter. Fourth, democracies will be more redistributive than dictatorships.3 Fifth, the magnitude of redistribution will reflect the level of inequality: a poorer median voter means greater redistribution.

Disciplinary Divides in Post-Conflict Justice and Peace: Tracking If and How we Share Ideas

ABSTRACTThe study of post-conflict justice and peace incorporates ideas from many disciplines and on a range of topics including justice, reconciliation, democratization, and peace. While diversity is valuable, it can also lead to confusion in theory and practice and so requires close evaluation of how diverse ideas interact, and to what end. This paper begins the systematic examination of such interactions by using new bibliometric software to track citations between two particularly influential literatures contributing to post-conflict theory: the legal and the psychosocial. The paper describes how these traditions interact and the impact on the post-conflict literature as a whole.

Spinal cord injury: a review of the most-cited publications.

The objective of this study was to identify and review the most-cited articles on spinal cord injury (SCI). Citation analyses showcase the relative influence of individual articles in a given field. In addition to distinguishing publications of particular quality and impact and well-developed areas of the literature, citation analyses allow for an understanding of the direction in which a field of research is headed. A multi-disciplinary bibliographic index was used to identify the 50 SCI articles with the most lifetime citations, and the 50 SCI articles with the highest annual citation rates. Studies were categorized into one of six categories based on their primary focus: treatment, pathology/natural history, predictor of outcome, methods, epidemiology, or assessment measure. We report that 40.0 and 56.0% of SCI papers with the most lifetime citations and highest annual citation rates, respectively, were systematic reviews or meta-analyses, indicating that some of the most referenced papers in SCI are not primary publications. Further, there appears to be a greater international presence in SCI research. In the highest annual citation rate cohort, 14.0% of papers were a product of international collaboration, 50.0% were published by outside of the United States, and the average year of publication was 2005±5.4; the comparable numbers for papers that comprised the highest lifetime citation cohort were, respectively, 8.0, 28.0%, and 1998±9.2. Treatment and pathology/natural history of SCI were a common research focus in both citation cohorts, consistent with ongoing efforts to better understand and manage this injury. This comprehensive review provides a cross-sectional summary and bibliometric analysis of some of the most influential literature in SCI, and compliments existing systematic reviews and meta-analysis in the field by establishing which areas of the literature are growing and which have been well developed.

Neural mechanisms underlying the impact of daylong cognitive work on economic decisions

The ability to exert self-control is key to social insertion and professional success. An influential literature in psychology has developed the theory that self-control relies on a limited common resource, so that fatigue effects might carry over from one task to the next. However, the biological nature of the putative limited resource and the existence of carry-over effects have been matters of considerable controversy. Here, we targeted the activity of the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) as a common substrate for cognitive control, and we prolonged the time scale of fatigue induction by an order of magnitude. Participants performed executive control tasks known to recruit the LPFC (working memory and task-switching) over more than 6 h (an approximate workday). Fatigue effects were probed regularly by measuring impulsivity in intertemporal choices, i.e., the propensity to favor immediate rewards, which has been found to increase under LPFC inhibition. Behavioral data showed that choice impulsivity increased in a group of participants who performed hard versions of executive tasks but not in control groups who performed easy versions or enjoyed some leisure time. Functional MRI data acquired at the start, middle, and end of the day confirmed that enhancement of choice impulsivity was related to a specific decrease in the activity of an LPFC region (in the left middle frontal gyrus) that was recruited by both executive and choice tasks. Our findings demonstrate a concept of focused neural fatigue that might be naturally induced in real-life situations and have important repercussions on economic decisions.

Private and Public Ordering in Safe Asset Markets

An influential literature in economics explores the phenomenon of “safe assets” – when participants across financial markets act “as if” certain debt is risk free – as well as its role in the global financial crisis and its implications for post-crisis reform. We highlight the role of private ordering in constructing safe assets. Private ordering, including contractual devices and transaction structures, contributes to the creation of these debt contracts, to their collective treatment in financial markets as low risk investments, and to the making of deep and liquid markets in them. These contracts and transaction structures also provide a template for understanding the role of government regulation in constructing safe assets. Safe asset supply and demand does not occur organically. Rather, whether through private or public ordering, three types of legal tools operate to construct safe assets: 1. Making Assets Safe: one set of tools contributes to the production of safe assets by regulating the cash flows into and out of an issuer of safe assets to increase the likelihood of full and prompt payment to investors. These tools might take the form of: engineering the asset side of an issuer’s balance sheet to reduce the risk of inputs in safe assets; engineering the liability side of an issuer’s balance sheet to give holders of safe assets priority over other claimants on the issuer; or creating and regulating the secondary market for safe assets. 2. Labeling Assets Safe: another set of legal tools focuses on the demand for safe assets by granting special status to these contracts when held on the books of investors. These tools create liquid markets for certain assets by either: signaling the low risk of default by issuers of those assets; or coordinating the collective treatment of those assets as having low risk and high liquidity. 3. Guaranteeing Asset Safety: financial intermediaries and governments can also guarantee the performance of safe assets, putting their own credit on the line. Guarantees may be ex ante or ex post, explicit or implicit. A comparison of private and public ordering in safe asset markets reveals how difficult it is to separate the two. Indeed, much of private ordering relies on statute and regulation. Public ordering succeeds at creating safe assets when it enables private ordering and herding by investors into safe asset markets. Understanding this complex interplay between public and private tools becomes vital for understanding how safe asset markets operate, how they fail, and how they must be reformed. The Article concludes with two lessons. First, it deconstructs the notion that there is purely private or public ordering in safe asset markets. Second, it underscores a kind of first law of thermodynamics for safe assets: neither private nor public ordering can banish risk altogether from safe asset markets or financial markets in general. They merely move risk around or, worse, obscure risk until it rematerializes.

Corruption as a Self‐Fulfilling Prophecy: Evidence from a Survey Experiment in Costa Rica

AbstractAn influential literature argues that corruption behaves as a self‐fulfilling prophecy. Its central claim is that the individual returns to corruption are a function of the perceived corruptibility of the other members of society. Empirically, this implies that if one were to exogenously increase beliefs about societal levels of corruption, willingness to engage in corruption should also increase. We evaluate this implication by utilizing an information experiment embedded in a large‐scale household survey recently conducted in the Gran Área Metropolitana of Costa Rica. Changes in beliefs about corruption were induced via the random assignment of an informational display depicting the increasing percentage of Costa Ricans who have personally witnessed an act of corruption. Consistent with the self‐fulfilling prophecy hypothesis, we find that internalizing the information from the display on average increased the probability that a respondent would be willing to bribe a police officer by approximately .05 to .10.

Rājādhirāt: From the History to an Influential literature for Mon-accented Thai traditional Repertoires

This article aimed to study Mon-accented Thai traditional repertoires through Rājādhirāt literature, which owe its origin from the Chronicles of the Mon. It is the story about the battle between the king Rājādhirāt of Pegu and King Farang Mang Kong of Ava. The translated Thai language prose version was arranged by Chao Phraya Phra Khlang (Hon), a poet master during King Rama I. Later during King Rama V, the Rājādhirāt was adapted for theatrical play – Lakorn Pan Tang – leading to development in musical front in order to assign appropriate Mon-accented musical pieces for the characters, their expressions, and story. Anthropologically, Rājādhirāt Literature was not only an entertainment, but also a revival of Mon-accented Thai traditional repertoires which have been associated with the Thai society for so long. The repertoires served as a reminder of once-flourishing Mon history through literature, play, music. Analysis of historical evidence, concerned persons such as the translator of Rājādhirāt from Burmese to Thai language, experienced Thai musician who played and assigned the repertoires; and expressive interpretation of musical repertoires from Rājādhirāt play by the Fine Arts Department are the integral process that made this article present another perspectives of Mon-accented Thai traditional repertoires while featuring relationship between literature, play and music in Thailand.

The most Influential Articles in Very High Cycle Fatigue

The most influential articles in Very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) during last 20 years have been identified from web of science data. It has been found that VHCF is an important category of fatigue damage and has produced the highest impact in the field. The number of articles and their citations is continuously increasing in the overall published papers in the field of fatigue. In VHCF field, it was found that the participants of VHCF conferences from VHCF 1 to 5 are the main contributors in all the VHCF papers and in its top 100 influential papers. Majority of the articles were experimental studies. The fatigue crack initiation in the VHCF domain is considered the most important area in the field. In VHCF, the most influential papers till date have been identified. This may prove helpful to trainees mastering the most influential literature of the field as well as more established professionals searching for starting points for new investigations