Influence Of External Environmental Factors Research Articles

Analysis of the influence of external environmental factors on the development of high-tech enterprises

The main external environmental factors that influence the development of high-tech enterprises are identified in the article. As a result of the research, the interaction system of the external factors was developed, the correlation matrix was constructed, regression analysis was performed. This paper provides the necessity of practical application of the system of interaction of the external factors to increase the innovative activity of the high-tech enterprise.

Evaluation of culture conditions for mixed biofilm formation with clinically isolated non-albicans Candida species and Staphylococcus epidermidis on silicone

Silicone is frequently used in clinical and medical fields for medical devices. Mixed biofilms composed of Candida and bacterial species causes frequently failure of medical silicone devices, In this in vitro study, we analyzed mixed biofilm formation of clinically isolated non-albicans Candida species and Staphylococcus epidermidis, including Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis under the influence of different growth media (RPMI 1640, BHI and TSB) and several culture variables (incubation period, feeding conditions and FBS). Our results showed that culture conditions strongly influence mixed biofilm formation. TSB and BHI resulted in larger amount of biofilm formations with stronger metabolic activity of biofilms. Growth conditions may also influence the biofilm formation, which was enhanced by longer incubation period, using a fed-batch system and FBS. Therefore, the potential influences of external environmental factors are very important for mixed biofilm formation with clinically isolated non-albicans Candida species and S. epidermidis, which should be considered when designing or studying the mixed biofilm under in vitro conditions.

Risk Index System for Catenary Lines of High-Speed Railway Considering the Characteristics of Time–Space Differences

Historical catenary trip fault data of China high-speed railway (HSR) revealed that the risk of catenary trip varies distinctively in different time periods and different regions, and catenary trip fault risk has obvious characteristics of time–space differences. In order to represent and quantify the characteristics of risk, this paper proposes a risk index system for catenary lines of HSR considering the characteristics of time–space differences. First, the characteristics of the catenary trip risk and the corresponding reasons are analyzed. Second the risk index system is established from the perspectives of time and space differences. Subsequently, the proposed risk index system is applied to the benchmark data taken from a railway administration in China related to catenary trip records in 3 years. The results of the risk indices are relevant information which can reveal the time–space differences of catenary trip risk, and reflect the influence of external environmental factors as well as catenary’s ability of disaster prevention and resilience. This uniform and quantitative information is helpful for the management of the catenary operation risk.

Influence of culture conditions for clinically isolated non-albicans Candida biofilm formation

Non-albicans Candida species have been isolated in increasing numbers in patients. Moreover, they are adept at forming biofilms. This study analyzed biofilm formation of clinically isolated non-albicans Candida, including Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis under the influence of different growth media (RPMI 1640, YPD and BHI) and several culture variables (inoculum concentration, incubation period and feeding conditions). The results showed that culture conditions strongly influenced non-albicans Candida species biofilm formation. YPD and BHI resulted in larger amount of biofilm formation with higher metabolic activity of biofilms. Furthermore, the growth media seems to have varying effects on adhesion and biofilm development. Growth conditions may also influence biofilm formation, which was enhanced when starting the culture with a larger inoculum, longer incubation period and using a fed-batch system. Therefore, the potential influences of external environmental factors should be considered when studying the non-albicans Candida biofilms in vitro.

Formalization of non-linear patterns of evolutionary ecosystem processes under anthropogenesis influence

The analysis of non-linear aspects of the kinetics of organic contaminants’ decomposition in an aquatic ecosystem has substantiated the destruction patterns for environmental pollutants with regard to the biotic component. The findings of studying transformations in oil fractions of porous matters concern a number of indicators that are related to the biotic component of the ecosystem and previously disregarded in the sample models. In particular, it concerns the extent of biodegradation, bioassimilation and biotoxication of the natural environment. The study has revealed that these indicators influence the quality of assessing the carrying capacity of an ecosystem. The developed formalized model of synergistic patterns in the evolution of species allows us to consider the reconstructive potential of the corresponding ecosystem and a possibility to assimilate all types of pollutants due to the genesis of species and their populations. This entails that the model includes bifurcation of genetic variability, which manifests itself through an autocatalysis process of mutations at different organisation levels of living organisms under the influence of external environmental factors (including determinism of resources and their quality). The study has disclosed a possibility of formalizing the living systems of different taxonomic ranks. The modelling accounted for the factors of self-regulation and autocatalysis at different organisation levels of the population and organisms.

Разработка структурно-функциональной схемы и алгоритмов работы информационной советующей системы по формированию управленческих решений на промышленном предприятии

The development of an information advising system is based on the formation of fuzzy models describing a reciprocal factor effect of the internal envi-ronment upon each other and the plant external environment influence upon the internal one.
 The offered information advising system has a subsystem for data input, a diagnostic unit, an assessment unit and knowledge base. The subsystem of data input is responsible for experts’ assessment input, interconnections and a user query formation. In the evaluation unit there are presented procedures for the effectiveness assessment of the measure complex with the consideration of environment influence upon factors of internal environment. In the unit of a diagnostic trend there are formed factor classifiers of external and internal environment, the selection of management decisions on basis of the formed recommendation set. In the unit of diagnostic trend there are saved tables of the influence of external environment factors upon internal environment factors and accounts are under formation. The system knowledge base contains experts’ assessment archive, formalized data of experts’ competence and a set of experts’ recommendations for various areas of knowledge.

Influence of External Environmental Factors on the Success of Public Housing Projects in Developing Countries

External environmental factors, which include political environment, economic environment and social environment, affect the success of public housing projects in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to establish the effect of these factors on public housing project success using structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques. The study was conducted in Nigeria by means of interviews, a pilot study and a main survey. Five hundred and fifty (550) questionnaires were administered to construction professionals who work as developers, consultants or contractors and those working in public housing agencies. Two hundred and seventy-six (276) questionnaires were returned completed. The data collected were analysed by means of SEM. The results reveal that (i) the economics factor significantly affects public housing project success, (ii) the social factor significantly affects public housing project success, and (iii) the political factor significantly affects public housing project success. The study developed a comprehensive model that can assist housing policy makers, consultants, developers, contractors and other stakeholders in the planning and development of public housing programmes.

Estimating the influence of external environmental factors on fire radiative power using satellite imagery

In this work the influence of external environmental factors (prevailing forest stands, intensity of the fire season, and weather conditions) on power released by fire (fire radiative power (FRP)) has been studied. The data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are used to characterize variations of the FRP. Our studies show that, during periods of high fire activity, the FRP is 10% higher than during periods of low fire activity. The correlation level between the FRP and weather fire danger is determined. In particular, the fire weather index (FWI) of the Canadian weather fire-danger-assessment system shows a closer relationship with the FRP than the Russian PV-1 index. Based on the results, it is found that fires in forests with a predominance of larch have higher FRP values (by 20–25%) for the forest zone of Siberia than fires in deciduous and pine forests.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FACTORS OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE STRATEGY OF EXPORT PRICING

Despite that in scientific literature the importance of influence of external environmental factors on the strategy of export pricing is often being declared, however, a comprehensive analysis, which consolidates identification of the most significant factors, evaluation of their effect and aspects of formation of the strategy of export pricing that allows to increase the quality and effectiveness of decisions made in respect of pricing, is missing. In the article the environment of the strategy of export pricing, which is generally defined as a uniform entirety of forces affecting the decisions on price, where the effect of factors producing direct and indirect influence intertwine, is analyzed. The most significant macro environmental factors and the factors of industrial market environment have been determined and their effect on the formation of the strategy of export pricing has been examined.

Creation of Parameter Sets for Exploration of Environmental Effects on the Course of Disease

The paper is devoted to the research problems, when influence of external environmental factors on healthy organism or the course of the disease is required. One of the first problems is to decide, what body parameters should be measured to evaluate most important impact factors. The easiest way is to measure everything that can be measured, or to use only in prac-tice applied measurements. However, the result is better if the set of parameters is purposefully selected, based on the efficiency parameters and overlapping all disease affected subsystems providing coverage of all pathogenic manifestations of the dis-ease. The authors suggest for this purpose to use the topological modeling of pathogenesis, formalized model processing, parame-ter evaluation, ranking and selection of parameters using the table overlay method.

The impact of the mother on the hypothalamic-pituit aryadrenal, hypothalamic-pituit ary-gonadal and somatotropic axes activity of offspring during postnatal ontogeny

During the rearing period, most of the physiological processes of offspring are under maternal regulation, which overcomes the influence of external environmental factors. Maternal deprivation activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of young mammal which in turn causes the adaptation of the developing organism to the new circumstances. It is considered that too early interruption of the mother-offspring ties may activate the not fully developed HPA axis and change the functions of the other hormonal systems of growing mammals. This article reviews the changes in the activity of thesomatotropic and gonadotropic axes in young rodents and sheep during the physiological condition known as a rearing period and after maternal separation which is thought to be a stressful event in animal ontogeny. Furthermore, the current review also focus on the changes of the HPA axis hormone secretion of offspring caused by maternal deprivation.

Влияние факторов внешней среды на деятельность высших учебных заведений Российской Федерации

Влияние факторов внешней среды на деятельность высших учебных заведений Российской Федерации

Environmental factors influencing the management of key accounts in an Arab Middle Eastern context

Within the sales and marketing literature, it is recognised that a range of external factors can influence how companies in the business-to-business field manage business relationships within national and across international borders. However, there have been very few studies that explore the influence of the external environment on key account relationships, especially within the context of emerging economies. This study draws on the network approach and contingency theory to identify and highlight the influence of external environmental factors on the management of inter-organisational relationships with key customers in emerging economies in the Arab Middle East region. It is based on an extensive qualitative enquiry that utilises 50 in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted in Jordan with endogenous and Western firms. It concludes that key account practices within an Arab context are shaped by a number of contingencies that are embedded in broader institutional contexts and the business environment, which may challenge the adoption of company-wide universal key account management policies across borders.

VARIOMETRIC TESTS FOR ACCELEROMETER SENSORS

Abstract. We present a comprehensive review of several variometric tests recently carried out on a home-made measurement system composed of a tern of low-cost accelerometer sensors of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) type equipped with autonomous electric supply and wireless transmission. The most important parameters characterizing the systematic errors, i.e. bias, scale factor and thermal correction factor, have been evaluated by calibration tests based upon the so-called "six -positions" static test proposed by the IEEE 517 Standard. In this way the system optimal configuration has been defined in terms of data acquisition frequency and of scale factor. In addition to such tests, partly documented elsewhere, the results of some sensitivity tests on the influence of external environmental factors are also presented. With the aim of employing the proposed MEMS-based system as a device for monitoring the onset of slope landslides, some further tests have been carried out in order to measure the inclination of rigid objects which the sensors have been fixed to. The most significant results of the tests are illustrated and discussed.

AN EVALUATIVE REVIEW OF SIMULATED DYNAMIC SMART 3D OBJECTS

Abstract. Three-dimensional (3D) modelling of plants can be an asset for creating agricultural based visualisation products. The continuum of 3D plants models ranges from static to dynamic objects, also known as smart 3D objects. There is an increasing requirement for smarter simulated 3D objects that are attributed mathematically and/or from biological inputs. A systematic approach to plant simulation offers significant advantages to applications in agricultural research, particularly in simulating plant behaviour and the influences of external environmental factors. This approach of 3D plant object visualisation is primarily evident from the visualisation of plants using photographed billboarded images, to more advanced procedural models that come closer to simulating realistic virtual plants. However, few programs model physical reactions of plants to external factors and even fewer are able to grow plants based on mathematical and/or biological parameters. In this paper, we undertake an evaluation of plant-based object simulation programs currently available, with a focus upon the components and techniques involved in producing these objects. Through an analytical review process we consider the strengths and weaknesses of several program packages, the features and use of these programs and the possible opportunities in deploying these for creating smart 3D plant-based objects to support agricultural research and natural resource management. In creating smart 3D objects the model needs to be informed by both plant physiology and phenology. Expert knowledge will frame the parameters and procedures that will attribute the object and allow the simulation of dynamic virtual plants. Ultimately, biologically smart 3D virtual plants that react to changes within an environment could be an effective medium to visually represent landscapes and communicate land management scenarios and practices to planners and decision-makers.

Detailed comparison of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata biofilms under different conditions and their susceptibility to caspofungin and anidulafungin

Candida biofilm development can be influenced by diverse factors such as substrate, culture medium, carbohydrate source and pH. We have analysed biofilm formation of Candida albicans SC5314 and Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 wild-type strains in the presence of different media (RPMI 1640 versus YNB) and using different pH values (pH 5.6 or 7.0). We determined adhesion and biofilm formation on polystyrene, changes in the expression of adhesin genes during these processes and the susceptibility of mature biofilms to echinocandins. Biofilms formed on polystyrene by both Candida species proved to be influenced strongly by the composition of the medium rather than pH. C. albicans and C. glabrata formed thicker biofilms in RPMI 1640 medium, whereas in YNB medium, both species manifested adhesion rather than characteristic multilayer biofilm architecture. The stimulated biofilm formation in RPMI 1640 medium at pH 7.0 corroborated positively with increased expression of adhesin genes, essential to biofilm formation in vitro, including ALS3 and EAP1 in C. albicans and EPA6 in C. glabrata. The thicker biofilms grown in RPMI 1640 medium were more tolerant to caspofungin and anidulafungin than YNB-grown biofilms. We also observed that mature C. glabrata biofilms were less susceptible in RPMI 1640 medium to echinocandins than C. albicans biofilms. Environmental conditions, i.e. medium and pH, can significantly affect not only biofilm architecture, but also the expression profile of several genes involved during the different stages of biofilm development. In addition, growth conditions may also influence the antifungal-susceptibility profile of fungal populations within biofilm structures. Therefore, before designing any experimental biofilm set-up, it is important to consider the potential influence of external environmental factors on Candida biofilm development.

Vector Control Based Rotating Speed Control Strategies in Aero Hydraulic Pump Test System

Aimed at many nonlinear characteristics in the aero hydraulic pump (AHP) test system and on the basis of using vector controlled transducer, two control strategies, i.e. neural network controller (NNC) and passivity based controller (PBC), are proposed to control the rotating speed of AHP for measuring its properties. Both radial basis function (RBF) and diagonal recurrent neural network (DRNN) controllers have strong stabilities to the influence of external environmental factors. And DRNN has higher efficiency and more control potential for nonlinear property but in which there exists many shortages. The results show that, when the pressure changes in the outlet of AHP, the PBC, in which the parameters of a system are not required to be precisely linearized, not only has better practicability but also is an essentially nonlinear control and simpler than the NNC. Under different outlet pressures of AHP, the PBC has good stability and robustness which meet the requirements of testing AHP.

The analysis of the influence of external environment factors on the efficiency of maintenance contractors activities

Abstract The article presents the analysis of factors influencing the efficiency of dwelling maintenance contractors activities. The criteria characterizing the activities of maintenance contractors were determined performing the financial analysis of the company. The influence of external environment factors on maintenance contractors activities indicators was determined by calculating their correlation coefficients. In order to verify the calculation results the specialists from maintenance companies and heads of dwelling owners associations were interrogated. They showed the main maintenance problems and factors which influence the efficiency of maintenance process.

THE ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT FACTORS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF MAINTENANCE CONTRACTORS ACTIVITIES

The article presents the analysis of factors influencing the efficiency of dwelling maintenance contractors activities. The criteria characterizing the activities of maintenance contractors were determined performing the financial analysis of the company. The influence of external environment factors on maintenance contractors activities indicators was determined by calculating their correlation coefficients. In order to verify the calculation results the specialists from maintenance companies and heads of dwelling owners associations were interrogated. They showed the main maintenance problems and factors which influence the efficiency of maintenance process.

Book of the Month: Placebo: The Belief Effect

Book of the Month: Placebo: The Belief Effect