Influence Of Titanium Research Articles

Influence of titanium and titanium-zirconium alloy as implant materials on implant stability of maxillary implant retained overdenture: a randomized clinical trial

BackgroundLong-term success of implant restoration depends on many factors one of them is the sufficient implant stability which is lowered in compromised bone density sites such as the maxilla as it is categorized as type III & IV bone, so searching for a new innovation and updates in implant material and features is very mandatory. So, the aim of this study was to compare between two implant materials (roxolid and traditional titanium) on the primary and secondary stability of implant retained maxillary overdenture.MethodsEighteen completely edentulous patients were selected. All patients received maxillary implant-retained overdentures and lower complete dentures; patients were divided equally into two groups according to the type of implant materials. Group A received a total number of 36 implants made of roxolid material and Group B received a total number of 36 implants made of traditional titanium alloys. Implant stability was assessed using ostell device, the primary implant stability was measured at the day of implant installation however, secondary implant stability was measured after six weeks of implant placement. Paired t-test was used to compare between primary and secondary stability in the same group and an independent t-test was used to compare between the two groups with a significant level < 0.05.ResultsIndependent t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups with p -value = 0.0141 regarding primary stability and p-value < 0.001 regarding secondary stability, as roxolid implant group was statistically higher stability than titanium group in both. Paired t- test showed a statistically significant difference in roxolid implant group with p-value = 0.0122 however, there was non-statistically significant difference in titanium group with p-value = 0.636. Mann Whitney test showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding amount of change in stability with p value = 0.191. roxolid implant group showed a higher amount of change in stability than the titanium implant group.ConclusionWithin the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that: Roxolid implants showed promising results regarding primary and secondary stability compared to conventional Titanium implants and can be a better alternative in implant retained maxillary overdentures.Trial registrationRetrospectively NCT06334770 at 26–3-2024.

Temperature-Dependent Young’s Modulus of TaC- and TiC-Strengthened Co-Re-Based Alloys

The knowledge of Young’s modulus is important for a quantitative assessment of strengthening contributions in CoRe alloys, such as strengthening by carbides. In this work, the temperature-dependent Young‘s modulus of monocarbide-strengthened CoRe-based alloys is measured using the vibrating reed technique. In this method, a reed-shaped sample is excited electrostatically, and the eigenfrequencies are determined. Using these frequencies, Young’s modulus can be derived analytically or, more reliably, assisted by finite element simulations. The resulting values for Young’s modulus are compared to theoretical estimations, and the influence of titanium- and tantalum-carbides on Young’s modulus is evaluated. It was found that low amounts of carbides increase Young’s modulus significantly. Analytical estimations are in good agreement with experimental results of TaC-containing alloys, whereas estimations for TiC-containing alloys are inaccurate.

Influence of titanium and zirconia substrates on the synthesis of inflammatory mediators.

The repair and homeostasis of peri-implant tissues depend on several factors such as the local presence of pathogenic bacteria and their products. Among other events, peri-implant tissue response is also related to the implant material used, which interferes with cells and extracellular matrix interactions, affecting the osseointegration process. In this study, the influence of zirconia (Zr) and titanium (Ti) substrates on the response of preosteoblasts (MC3T3) and murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, P. gingivalis) was evaluated. Zr and Ti disks were obtained and subjected to surface roughness standardization, which was analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The cells were subsequently cultured on Zr and Ti surfaces in AlphaMEM culture medium for 24 h, followed by LPS stimulus for 4 h. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and gene expression of inflammatory markers were determined. SEM images showed that Ti disks exhibited higher surface roughness than that of Zr disks. Cells that seeded onto Ti and Zr had increased expression of inflammatory mediators and ROS production in the presence of LPS; however, such cell responses were more evident for Ti disks. These data indicate that contact of cells with Zr surfaces may lead to a lower inflammatory potential than Ti surfaces. Elucidation of the inflammatory response triggered by LPS for cells in contact with titanium and zirconia may contribute to the selection of materials for installation of osseointegrated implants.

The role of Ti in cavitation erosion and corrosion behaviours of NAB alloy in 3.5 % NaCl solution

The influence of titanium on the cavitation erosion and corrosion behaviors of a NAB alloy in 3.5 % NaCl solution is investigated using tensile test, mass loss, SEM, Tafel plots, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the NAB alloy consists of the α phase, β phase and κ phase, in which titanium will enter the κ phase to form the titanium-rich κ phase. With the increment of titanium, the titanium-rich κ phase changes from mainly distributed at grain boundaries to more dispersed at grain boundaries and inside grains. In the case of high titanium content, the κ phase rich in titanium grows and produces an obvious segregation phenomenon, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical property and corrosion resistance of the substrate. The mass loss experiment shows that the mass loss caused by cavitation erosion decreases with increasing titanium content, and it increases with increasing titanium content when titanium content is over 0.478 %. The electrochemical experiments show that the corrosion resistance of NAB alloy in 3.5 % NaCl solution increases with increasing titanium content and reaches a maximum when titanium content is 0.478 %. The reason for the increased corrosion resistance of a NAB alloy containing titanium in 3.5 % NaCl solution is related to the appearance of TiO2 in the passive film automatically formed on a NAB alloy in air.

Evaluation of titanium and silicon role in mitigation of fungicides toxicity in wheat expressed at the level of biochemical and antioxidant profile

Biostimulators are compounds that are gaining attention due to their potential to support plant growth, however, less in known about their impact on plant biochemistry. Therefore, the main goal of this comprehensive study was to evaluate the effect of two inorganic biostimulators (titanium, Ti and silicon, Si) and five fungicides (propiconazole, cyproconazole, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, triadimenol) on biochemical and antioxidant status as well as mycotoxin profile in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Moreover, the half-life of fungicides under the influence of biostimulators was evaluated. Titanium caused most efficient mitigation of fungicide-induced toxicity reflected by greater increase of protein (104.80 mg g−1), carbohydrates (43.70 mg g−1), phenolic compounds (1023.18 μg g−1), and peroxidase activity (0.151 U mg−1) compared to treatment with silicon. The application of spiroketalamine and triazole fungicides with silicon decreased the activity of acid phosphatases (35.70 μM h−1 g−1) while inducing amino acid (861.40 μg kg−1) and catalase activity (1.056 U mg−1). Moreover, silicon was most effective in the reduction of mycotoxin contamination in wheat grain (61.17 μg g−1). This study indicated a shortened dissipation of propiconazole, spiroxamine, tebuconazole and triadimenol under the influence of titanium or silicon (DT50 = 1.85–4.82), which can therefore affect the grace period of wheat. The results of this comprehensive investigation demonstrated that titanium and silicon have a beneficial influence on wheat biochemistry and mitigate fungicide toxicity, which makes them widely suitable for optimizing plant health.

Influence of titanium on the clustering of vacancy, rhenium and osmium in tungsten-titanium alloys: First-principles study

The formation of point defects including vacancies and interstitials and transmutation elements rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), tantalum (Ta), etc., has been reported to seriously degrade the mechanical properties of tungsten in a fusion environment. In this work, the aggregation behavior of between vacancy and rhenium or osmium, and the effect of Ti as the interstitial atoms on the transmutation element (Re or Os) are studied using first-principles calculation. We demonstrate that the addition of Ti or Re/Os will promotes the clusters of vacancy in the W-Ti alloys. Here, the concentration balance of the vacancy and Ti plays an important role in the aggregation of Re/Os atoms in W-Ti alloys. Furthermore, we found that doping of Ti induced vacancy migration, this plays a positive role in the recovery of the interstitial with the vacancies. Interestingly, the presence of Re/Os similarly promote the migration of vacancy to Ti sites, but Ti makes the migration of vacancy to Re/Os harder. Besides, we found the most stable configuration with <11h> mixed dumbbell in W-Ti (h∼0.50), Ti-Os (h∼0.34) and Ti-Re (h∼0.50) interstitial, in which The Ti-Re/Os interstitial with most stable <11h> dumbbell has a strong attractive to Re/Os atoms. Consequently, the formation of the Ti-Re/Os interstitial greatly promotes the Os/Re to clustering, and further increase the probability of radiation-induced precipitation in W-Ti alloys.

Influence of Titanium and Nitrogen on Phase Composition and Properties of Coatings Obtained by Surfacing with Cast Rods of PNL-04Kh27N7M3D2T Type

The influence of titanium and nitrogen on phase composition and properties of coatings obtained by surfacing with cast rods of PNL-04Kh27N7M3D2T type is considered. It was found that at a titanium content of less than 0.25 wt.%, the phase ratio changes in favor of austenite, and the resistance of the deposited metal with a low titanium content against ICC can be achieved at a nitrogen content of ≤0.05 and carbon of ≤0.02.

Titanium doped Zinc Oxide nanoparticles: A study of structural and optical properties for photocatalytic applications

In this work, Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic property of Titanium doped Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been investigated in which Titanium doped Zinc Oxide nanoparticles were fabricated by microwave-assisted solvothermal method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized for Structural properties by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), optical properties by UV–Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) and photocatalytic property is tested by degrading the Malachite Green dye under visible light. The influence of titanium on ZnO has made a change in ZnO particle size, Bandgap and its degradation efficiency upon light irradiation.

The Influence of Titanium as a Desferoidizing Element on the Stability of Production of Magnesium Cast Irons with Compacted Graphite

The Influence of Titanium as a Desferoidizing Element on the Stability of Production of Magnesium Cast Irons with Compacted Graphite

Study on the mechanism of titanium improving the hot ductility of peritectic microalloyed steels in brittle zone III

ABSTRACT In the current article, the influence of titanium on the hot ductility of peritectic-microalloyed steels, in the temperature range 600°C to 950°C, was investigated by tensile testing. The morphology of the fracture and the behaviour of precipitates, inclusions and microstructures near the fracture surface were observed and discussed. It was found that within the test temperature range, the reduction in area values of titanium-bearing steels were almost greater than 40%, which were much larger than those of titanium-free steels. This improvement was due to the formation of (TixNb1-x)(CyN1-y) precipitates and titanium-aluminium oxides with high titanium content that could act as the nucleation sites for dimples to promote the occurrence of ductile fracture. In addition, the austenite grain was refined and more uniform in size. The thickness together with the maintain temperature range of the ferrite films which distribute only along austenite grain boundaries were reduced.

Influence of titanium and zirconium on structure and heat-resistance of low-carbon iron-aluminium alloys

The paper considers the effect of introducing ferroalloys containing titanium and zirconium on the structure and heat-resistance of low-carbon ferroalloys. Theoretically and experimentally, it has been proven that addition of 1.0 mass. % of titanium and 0.1 mass. % of zirconium to a low-carbon iron-aluminum melt containing 12 – 14 mass. % of aluminum, grinds its structure increasing temporary resistance and heat-melting. Titanium and zirconium are strong carbide-forming elements. When introduced into a low-carbon iron-aluminium alloy, they form a large number of crystallization centers, thus affecting its microstructure, allowing to get shredded and more equal grain compared to an alloy without additive. This in turn increases the strength limit of processed alloy. In addition, the use of titanium as a modifying additive in a low-carbon ferroalloy allows increasing its heatresistance, which exceeds several times the heat-resistance of famous chrome-nickel steel of 20Kh23N18 grade. As a result, a new technology for obtaining titanium and zirconium was developed based on research of the effect of their modifying additives on the structure and heat-resistance of low-carbon iron-aluminum alloys.

Influence of Titanium and Zirconium on the Structure and Heat-Resistance of Low-Carbon Iron–Aluminum Alloys

Influence of Titanium and Zirconium on the Structure and Heat-Resistance of Low-Carbon Iron–Aluminum Alloys

Simulation of the Refining Process of Ultra-Low Carbon (ULC) Steel

The standard production route for mild steels for automotive purposes is still based on conventional continuous casting (CC) and hot strip rolling (HSR). The current trend towards the “zero-carbon car” will demand the abating of material emissions in the future. Thin slab casting and direct rolling (e.g., Arvedi endless strip production (ESP)) is an approach to reduce CO2 emissions by 50% compared to CC and HSR. One of the main limitations in applying ESP for the production of ultra-low carbon/interstitial free (ULC/IF) steels is clogging. Clogging is the blockage of the submerged entry nozzle due to the build-up of oxide layers or an oxide network. The high clogging sensitivity of IF steels results most probably from the FeTi addition, and hence, a general change of the deoxidation practice might be an option to overcome these problems. In the present work, the thorough refining process of ULC steel was simulated by addressing the different deoxidation routes and the influence of titanium (Ti) alloying on steel cleanness. The developed ladle furnace (LF) and the Ruhrstahl Heraeus (RH) refining models were applied to perform the simulation. Before the simulations, the models are briefly described and validated by the published industrial data.

Influence of titanium and chrome on the structure and heat resistance of layered composites from a multicomponent Nb-alloy and intermetallic compounds of aluminium

Investigations of the structure and measurements of the strength characteristics of layered composites of niobium alloys prepared by diffusion welding under pressure have been carried out. It was found that titanium has a strong effect on the formation of microstructure and strength of composites. Higher values of short-term strength and fracture toughness are demonstrated by layered composites with a lower titanium content.

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study of Metal Hydride Electrodes Using a Porous Model: Effect of Thermal Pretreatment and Titanium Incorporation

The aim of this work was to study the influence of titanium and thermal pretreatments on the electrochemical performance of Zr1−xTixCr0.7Mo0.3Ni alloys used as anodic active materials in Ni-MH batteries to improve their electrochemical energy storage performance. It was observed that the substitution of Zr by Ti produced new responses in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) diagrams. EIS spectra were adjusted employing a fitting methodology through a model for a porous electrode where the physical meanings of parametric figures and time constants were emphasized. Changes in the system response with the electrode state of charge (SOC) were also studied, and new functional relations between time constant values and SOC were found. The results give new evidence supporting the fact that certain crystallographic phases (such as cubic center body phases) have a helpful influence on the diffusion process, while other phases (such as the hexagonal titanium phase) contribute negatively to it.

Influence of Ti and TiH2 Additives on the Structure and Properties of Copper Alloys for Diamond Cutting Tools

The influence of titanium and titanium hydride additives on the structure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of copper alloys intended for use as a binder of the diamond cutting tool is investigated. Powder mixtures Cu–Ti and Cu–TiH2 are fabricated by mechanical alloying in a planetary centrifugal mill. Such treatment makes it possible to form single-phased powders of the copper-based solid solution in the Cu–Ti system and two-phased powders based on copper with uniformly distributed TiH2 particles in the Cu–TiH2 system. It is established that the maximal mechanical properties are characteristic of the samples of compositions Cu–2.5% Ti and Cu–10% TiH2 (higher than for pure copper by a factor of 2.0–3.5). Hardening in such alloys is implemented according to the solid-solution mechanism and due to the formation of the Cu3Ti3O phase. Grains of this phase have higher dispersity in alloys where TiH2 is used as the titanium-containing additive, due to which high values of the bending ultimate strength (920 MPa) and hardness (114 HB) are attained. It is established according to the results of comparative tribological investigations that samples of the Cu–10% TiH2 composition possess the best wear resistance. The reduced wear of these samples after the test according to the “rod–disc” scheme is an order of magnitude lower than for pure copper and lower by a factor of 5 than for Cu–2.5% Ti samples.

Influence of titanium and zirconia modified surfaces for rapid healing on adhesion and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis

ObjectiveSurface alterations have been employed to enhance the osseointegration process in biomedical implants. However, these modifications may influence bacterial adhesion in different ways. Therefore, this study developed five different surfaces and evaluated the Staphylococcus epidermidis growth in early (1 h) and late (24 h) contact. DesignThe Titanium (Ti) and Zirconia (Zr) surfaces were divided in five groups and characterized concerning your morphology, roughness, wettability and chemical surface composition. Then, were evaluated regarding bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation/thickness, viability and morphology. ResultsDifferent topographies were manufactured resulting in a variety of combinations of surface properties. High roughness showed significantly higher bacterial adhesion in 1 h, while high hydrophilicity revealed greater bacterial proliferation in 24 h. Morphological changes were not found visually, however the viability test showed some cell membrane damage in the Ti micro and nano groups. ConclusionsFinally, surface distinct properties influence the growth of S. epidermidis independent of the based-material. Furthermore, some surface properties require precautions for use in contaminated sites according to the increased adhesion of S. epidermidis presented when in contact.

Effect of titanium in aluminium matrix on densification and forming limit of P/M composites during upsetting process

The present work investigates the densification and forming limit of sintered porous aluminium–titanium preforms for various relative densities and titanium particles. The compacts of 1 aspect ratio with 2–6% of titanium contents in aluminium matrix for various relative densities were prepared through powder metallurgy route by applying suitable powder forming pressures. A sequence of the cold upsetting test has been carried out using 0.5 MN capacity of hydraulic press machine at 0.1 s−1 strain rate. The relation between true axial strain and preforms relative density was plotted, and the influence of titanium and relative density on the densification curve was investigated at various compaction pressures. The specimen properties like apparent strain hardening exponent (na) and apparent strength coefficient (Ka) was determined through stepwise incremental deformation tests. The critical transition density (CTD) vide forming limit diagram was determined from the plot of na and Ka concerning the preforms relative density, and it was found to be 85.9%, 87.7% and 88% for 2%, 4% and 6% of titanium in the aluminium matrix. The CTD values of porous aluminium–titanium preforms were compared with those of the previous work of porous aluminium–copper preforms under the same compositions. Also, the average grain size of the components was determined and it is observed that 2% of titanium contains a larger grain size compared to other compositions. Hence, a higher forming limit was obtained in 2% of titanium reinforced with aluminium matrix.

Application of Alloyed Cast Iron to Increase the Durability of Products of the Mining and Metallurgical Industry

The article shows the relevance of the use of alloyed cast iron in mining and metallurgical engineering. The use of cast iron alloyed with titanium and vanadium has not been sufficiently studied for the working bodies and friction units of mining machines, such as pumps, coal scoops, hydrocyclones, crushers and mills. They have the main abrasive type of wear. This work considers the influence of titanium and vanadium on the mechanical properties. The performance indicators of parts of mining machines and metallurgical products in contact with high-abrasive and high-temperature environments is also considered. The optimal content of titanium and vanadium in gray cast iron in the range of 0.05-0.1% is set. This provides the required strength properties of the components, while increasing their heat resistance. Bushings made of this cast iron have the required wear resistance and can improve the operational reliability of equipment in mining and metallurgical industries.

Thermodynamics of the Oxygen Solutions in Titanium-Containing Fe–Co–Cr Melts

A thermodynamic analysis of the influence of titanium on the oxygen solubility in Fe–Co–Cr melts at 1873 K is performed. The dependences of the oxygen solubility in Fe–Co–Cr melts on the titanium content are calculated. The titanium content at which the deoxidation reaction mechanism is changed (Cr2O3 $$ \rightleftarrows $$ Ti3O5) is as follows: 2.602 × 10–3% Ti for the Fe–10% Co–10% Cr alloy and 2.975 × 10–3% Ti for the Fe–20% Co–25% Cr alloy. A low titanium content insignificantly increases the oxygen concentration determined by the chromium content. At a higher titanium content (after the change of the mechanism of interaction of chromium and titanium with oxygen, when titanium determines the oxygen solubility in the melts), the oxygen concentration substantially decreases and, then, increases after passing a minimum point at a titanium content of ~0.9%. The minimum oxygen concentrations of these alloys are 1.8 × 10–3 and 3.9 × 10–3%, respectively.