Influence Of Role Models Research Articles

Influence of role models on the entrepreneurial skills of science and technology undergraduates

PurposeThis study examines the perspectives of undergraduate science and technology students in Thailand regarding the influence of various role models on their entrepreneurial skills.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed the single case study research method. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants. The sample consisted of 142 key informants, whose responses were analysed using a direct content analysis method.FindingsFrom the students' perspectives, entrepreneurial role models indirectly influenced their entrepreneurial skills.Practical implicationsThe findings have clear implications for educators and policymakers. Educational institutions should design and implement educational strategies that help connect informal learning gained from the family with formal training at higher education institutions. On-the-job or apprenticeship training should also be included as a component of course content.Originality/valueOur findings regarding the influence of role models differ from those of previous studies in relation to two of the four role models considered here. First, according to the students, their family environment has no direct impact on their entrepreneurial skills. In addition, science- and technology-based educational environments should adopt an entrepreneurial orientation to help students understand various market and business pressures, which will enable them to make a positive contribution to the workplace.

Influence of multicultural curriculum and role models on high school students’ willingness to intervene in anti-LGBTQ harassment

Research suggests that, through direct intervention and role modeling, student peers may be particularly well-suited to address bullying and discrimination based on gender and sexuality. To investigate the factors predicting students’ self-reported intervention behaviors when witnessing harassment based on sexual orientation and gender identity, this study analyzes youth-led survey data collected at five Midwestern high schools (n = 1046). The sample was majority white (65.8%), cisgender (90.8%), and heterosexual (78.4%). We found that in addition to overall school climate and witnessing others intervene, schools having race-related curriculum significantly predicted intervention behaviors around gender and sexuality and that LGBTQ-related curricula did not predict such actions. The authors propose that the discrepancy may be due to an association between race curricula and social justice frameworks, in contrast with the emphasis on individuality and health in LGBTQ-inclusive curricula.

The Trickle-Down Effect of Green Behavior: A Test of Social Learning Theory

Organizational research has established the existence of green behavior trickle-down effects in the view of social learning theory which behave or of one person in an organization affects those of another person at a lower level. Thus, we develop and test a model that explicates the impact of social learning theory on the trickle-down effect of green behavior. For a sample of 70 leaders and 190 work group employees from China, we found that employee perceived leader voluntary green behavior associate with leader green role model influence; Further, we found leader role model influence and employee green self-efficacy mediates the positive relation of employee perceived leader voluntary green behavior and employee voluntary green behavior. Meanwhile, we revealed the interaction between leadership green advocacy and employees perceived leader voluntary green behavior on leader role model influence. These findings support the role of social learning theory in the trickle-down effect of green behavior and suggest implications for organizations to enhance environmental social responsibility.

Hand hygiene behavior among Sri Lankan medical students during COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundPoor compliance with hand hygiene practices among medical students poses a risk for cross-infection. It has become more critical during the COVID-19 pandemic than ever before. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, practices of hand hygiene among final-year medical students. It also explored reported hand hygiene behavior before the COVID-19 pandemic and the need for educational strategies to correct the deficiencies.MethodsA concurrent mixed-method approach was used. In the quantitative strand, a cross-sectional online survey was carried out via a Google form. Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-squared test were used for comparisons. In the qualitative strand, twelve participants were interviewed, based on a semi-structured interview guide and audio recorded. Transcribed data were evaluated with thematic content analysis.ResultsA total of 225 final-year medical students were studied in the quantitative strand. Most were females. The mean score for knowledge was 3.35 ± 0.795 out of six. Of them, 31.6 % of participants scored below 3 points (< 50 % of the total). Most (78.9 %) had positive attitudes (score of > 80 %). Only 36.4 % reported “adequate” hand hygiene performance in all eight dimensions of the behavior domain. Noticeably, fewer participants reported to clean their hands after checking blood pressure (55.6 %), and only 66.2 % stated carrying a hand sanitizer in their pocket. Significant correlations were not found between reported behavior and attitudes (p = 0.821) or knowledge (p = 0.794). The qualitative strand with 12 respondents revealed the positive influence of both hierarchical and non-hierarchal role models. Time constraints, skin irritation, and workload pressures were the main barriers. Frequent reminders, supervision, and interactive teaching were suggested as methods to improve hand hygiene compliance. They also stated that increased enthusiasm was noted on hand hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.Conclusions Most of the participants had positive attitudes towards hand hygiene. Yet, a considerable gap between attitudes and knowledge and reported hand hygiene behavior was evident. Coupling educational programs that use cognitive and behavioral methods, including role modeling, supervision, and frequent reminders, is recommended to bridge the knowledge-attitude-behavior gap.

Influence of role models on public participation in household waste separation: An examination of local contextual moderators

Despite being a popular policy tool to promote household waste separation in local communities, role model strategies have been shown to achieve only mixed success so far. The reasons for their varied performance are not clearly understood. The present study aims to address this important issue by exploring how the influence of role models varies with the social, economic, and demographic features of local residential areas. Interrupted time series analyses of monthly observations of public participation in a large waste sorting program in Hangzhou, China have been conducted to test the theoretical propositions. The results show that role models increased the overall program participation level by 5.3%. This positive influence was greater in areas with stronger group cohesion, higher economic level, and a younger population. However, role models had a minimal effect among people with a low contribution predisposition. These findings demonstrate that the influence of role models on household recycling depends significantly on local contexts and personal idiosyncrasy, implying ways to improve the effectiveness of role model strategies in motivating residents’ sustainable behavior.

Celebrity role models and their impact on mental health of children and adolescents: Implications and suggestions

In tandem with increased exposure of children and adolescents to the media during current digital age, it is also increasingly important to discuss about the influence of celebrity role models on this group. Glorified media portrayals of celebrity lifestyles and their choices may have a knock-on effect on mental health and trigger imitative behaviours by children and adolescents. In this report, we examine the impact of negative celebrity role models on young children and propose some recommendations, both from a public health as well as individual standpoint, to help mitigate this impact and, instead, promote healthy role modelling.

The Influence of Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Individual Innovativeness Matter?

The Influence of Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Individual Innovativeness Matter?

Opportunity-suistanable Entrepreneurship During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Surakarta

This research is a further development of what we have studied regarding the variable role Model which is a factor that influences in explaining entrepreneurial decisions. The added variable is the variable of courage to take risks, because during the COVID-19 pandemic, the economy, and job opportunities are difficult, the opportunity is only entrepreneurship but the business established must be sustainable. This study is an empirical study aim ed at looking at the influence of the role of the model in influencing the entrepreneurial decisions of young entrepreneurs who are just starting their businesses. is explanatory research, describing a causal relationship. Sample 70 people. Data processing and analysis to test the model quantitatively with the analysis tool WarpPLS.70. The results showed that 1) the Goodness of fit model was 93.4% (R-Square was 0.934), the factors studied influenced entrepreneurial decisions. 2) The influence of role models on entrepreneurial decisions through learning with support is the most dominant. From the results of data analysis, the findings of the model state that the role model has a significant effect on entrepreneurial decisions by mediated learning with support, meaning that entrepreneurship decisions are strongly influenced by role models that must be supported by potential business networks, as well as social support from elements of the business world both locally and nationally. application of full technical support and willingness to take risks. Role models, learning by example, and self-efficacy have no significant negative effect on entrepreneurial decisions.

What determines self-employment profits Evidence from India

The present paper contributes to the limited literature on the factors affecting self-employment performance in the developing country context of India. The study uses the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) panel data for the years 2004-2005 and 2011-2012. The study employs ordinary least squares (OLS) regression to analyse the determinants of profitability, making efforts to correct for potential endogeneity and selection bias in the earnings function. Attempts to correct for endogeneity are made using the instrumental variables method as well as using lag values of potentially endogenous variables in the earnings model. The findings point towards a significant influence of role models, capital constraints, human capital and the market environment on firm performance. However, social networks are not found to influence firm profitability significantly. Further, earnings are found to be significantly lower for female-headed firms and firms owned by socially-marginalised groups.

What determines self-employment profits Evidence from India

The present paper contributes to the limited literature on the factors affecting self-employment performance in the developing country context of India. The study uses the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) panel data for the years 2004-2005 and 2011-2012. The study employs ordinary least squares (OLS) regression to analyse the determinants of profitability, making efforts to correct for potential endogeneity and selection bias in the earnings function. Attempts to correct for endogeneity are made using the instrumental variables method as well as using lag values of potentially endogenous variables in the earnings model. The findings point towards a significant influence of role models, capital constraints, human capital and the market environment on firm performance. However, social networks are not found to influence firm profitability significantly. Further, earnings are found to be significantly lower for female-headed firms and firms owned by socially-marginalised groups.

Relationship between Social Factors and Students' Self-Efficacy in Choosing Media Studies: A Case Study of Female Students

This research study aimed to explore how social factors influence and motivate female admission seekers in media studies. Additionally, the study has been conducted to investigate the factors that female admission seekers perceived to be important while choosing their career in media studies. The survey-based on 300 female students of 18 to 38 years of age enrolled in various colleges and universities of Rawalpindi. The study used a quantitative method for data collection, data analysis and presentation of results. The Pearson correlation reveals that social factors influence and motivate admission seekers in media studies. Furthermore, the correlation indicated that there is a strong influence of parents' support, peer group and role models on students' career choices. The influence of Role models on student's selfefficacy has been found as the most influential social factor which shape and help in career selection as compared to Peer Group and Parents and Family Support.

The legacy of Johan Hjort: challenges and critical periods—past, present, and future

Abstract The 150th anniversary of Johan Hjort’s birth was celebrated by a symposium held in Bergen on 12–14 June 2019 to take a broad perspective on the origins of, and developments in, fisheries science and thereby examine current issues in fisheries science from different perspectives. To establish this type of non-traditional forum, historians of marine science and marine researchers from around the world met to explore potential new directions. The many transdisciplinary panel discussions, especially on subjects such as “the making of fisheries scientists”, revealed the pervading influence of family, educators, role models, and social circumstances. The 11 articles included in this symposium issue present a series of advancements in modern fisheries science, highlighting the contributions of Hjort and his contemporaries, Fyodor Baranov and Harald Dannevig. As expected, the effects of changing ocean climate were a dominant theme, which connected this symposium, and complemented, the 2014 symposium in honour of Johan Hjort's influential treatise released in 1914. Although no ground-breaking paradigms were presented, several new research directions were proposed in a creative atmosphere generated by participants. The social context of science had a key influence in Hjort’s day and continues to do so today and into the future.

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Role Model on Entrepreneurial Attitude in Higher Education Student

The purpose of this research is to firstly explore the difference in entrepreneurial attitude between students who has family member as entrepreneur and non-family member as entrepreneur. Secondly to know the influence of role models on entrepreneur attitude in higher education student. The study was conducted amongst sample of 100 student in Universitas Negeri Semarang, which consists of 18 male and 82 female. All of the sample has took entrepreneurship subject. The data collected through questioners. The findings of this study suggest that role model comes from families whether is their parents or any other family member has no significant effect in creating students’ entrepreneurial attitude. This can be noted from the hypothesis test on the difference in attitude between students with an entrepreneurial family member and students without.&#x0D; Keywords: entrepreneurial attitude, higher education student, role model, entrepreneurship education

Substance Abuse among In-School and Out-Of-School Youth in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria

The objective of this study was to investigate substance abuse amongst in-school and out-of-school youth in Sokoto, northwestern Nigeria using cross-sectional descriptive survey. In the course of the survey, the commonly use substances, causes, effects, and protection were assessed. The data obtained show that, most of the respondents were males (93%), only few were females (6.7%). All the respondents were Muslims. Most of the out-of-school youth (OSY) were married (80%) and only 6.7% are married among in-school youth (ISY).The respondent’s age was within 18-22 years in most cases. Most (80%) of ISY were at senior secondary classes, 46.7% of OSY left school after primary education, 26.7% never attended school. Most of the respondents have more than 2 kids (93.3%), only 6.7% have about 10 kids. Commonly cited drugs are: cigarette, cannabis, alcohol, inhalants, tranquilizers, opiates, and hallucinogens. Reasons for substance abuse were: social/ peer pressure, rebellion, overwork/learning, shyness, fear, parental influence, fun and lack of role model. It also revealed that ISY started drug use earlier than the OSY. Friends, drug pushers, curiosity introduced youth to drugs. Effects of substance abuse are: bad temper, disturbed sleep, ill-health, depression, anxiety, tiredness, disrespect, failure at workplace/school on individual. At family level the effects include: disgrace, breakdown of relationship, loss of confidence in child, and ill-health. While at friend’s level, the effects include: breakdown of relationship, fear, anxiety. And at community or society levels, the effects listed were: crime, reduced productivity, violence, ill-health, high cost of treatment, accidents. To protect youth from substance abuse diverse efforts by governmentand NGOs and interventions are required.&#x0D; Keywords: Substance abuse, drug, out-of-school youth, in-school youth, key informants, public health

The Influence of Role Models on the Sedentary Behaviour Patterns of Primary School-Aged Children and Associations with Psychosocial Aspects of Health.

Background: High levels of sedentary behaviour (SB) are associated with poor health outcomes in children, but the effects on mental health are less clear. This study explored the relationship between SB and psychosocial aspects of health in children, and what influence key role models, including parents and schoolteachers, have on the SB levels of children. Methods: Physical activity (PA) and SB were measured using accelerometery in 101 children, 113 parents and 9 teachers. Children were aged 9 or 10 years old and in fourth grade. Child psychosocial outcomes were assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: Children engaged in a high volume of SB (9.6 h/day) but interrupted SB often. They accumulated less than 11,000 steps per day, and thus, many may not meet the recommended daily levels of PA. No associations were found between child SB and teacher SB during the school day or child SB and parent SB during the after-school period. No association was found between SB and self-esteem, although children with a higher body mass index had a higher number of emotional and behavioural difficulties. Conclusions: Although there was no indication that children’s SB was linked to that of parents and teachers, or that SB was associated with self-esteem or behavioural problems, school children were highly sedentary and insufficiently physically active. Therefore, there is a need to explore school practices and curriculum delivery methods, as well as school and home environments, to reduce the volume of SB children engage in.

Disciplinary Behavior and Exemplary Teacher as Influencing Factors

This research is based on the phenomenon that is happening related to the relationship between teacher role models with disciplinary behavior and the influence of role models on student disciplinary behavior. This research is quantitative with descriptive correlational research. The sample in this study replaced 272 students who were determined through a proportional stratified random sampling technique. The instruments used were the teacher’s exemplary questionnaire and student disciplinary behavior questionnaire. Besides that, the researcher also used a Likert scale model instrument with five alternative answers. Data analysis techniques using simple regression analysis. And the results of the study show the influence of teacher exemplary behavior on student disciplinary behavior at school.

Japanese women's perceptions of gender roles and leadership and the effects of a Women & Leadership Course: A qualitative analysis

In this qualitative, exploratory study, we interviewed 35 Japanese college women about their awareness of gender roles/stereotypes, leadership conceptions/experiences, and future aspirations. We further compared participants who took a Women & Leadership course with those who did not to examine the program's consciousness-raising potential. Using an iterative, thematic analysis approach, several themes emerged, including leadership barriers (e.g., confidence), role model influences (particularly other women), and the course's effects on women's leadership conceptions (e.g., feminine = leader). We discuss our findings in terms of existing literature on Japanese gender roles and leadership and argue that more research on college-aged Japanese women and their professional identity development is necessary to facilitate cultural/policy changes.

The Influence of Higher Learning Environment and Role Model towards an Entrepreneurial Intention among TVET Students

The Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) field is part of the drive for national development. With the circumstances, the TVET institutions have taken steps towards creating future entrepreneurs as well as contributing to high-skilled employment. Thus, the study was conducted to examine several factors related to higher learning environment and role model as well as their relationship with entrepreneurship intentions among TVET students. The study was hypothesized and tested using three dimensions of TVET higher learning environment (entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship activities and teaching and learning methods) and role model factors that influence students' entrepreneurial intention. The results from correlation analysis found that there was a relationship between all the independent variables; entrepreneurship activities, role models, entrepreneurship education and teaching and learning methods with entrepreneurial intentions. The overall results of the study act as an enlightenment for related parties in developing future entrepreneurship society for the development of the country.

Women in Education Management in Kosovo: A Hard Road Less Travelled

This article presents limited yet significant findings of a pilot study of the experience of potential female leaders in education in Kosovo. It explores a small-scale qualitative study of the barriers to women’s accession in school management positions and the under-representation of women in management positions in primary schools in Kosovo. A qualitative, multiple case study approach is employed. Semi-structured interviews are employed to explore the experiences of four female teachers who have engaged in a leadership development scheme, and two government officials. In spite of being qualified for promotion to school management positions, none of the participants had applied for a school leadership role and opted to remain class teachers. Mirroring other contexts, the study found a mixture of factors acting on their decision not to progress into a management role. A lack of aspiration was influenced by their perception of the primacy of maternal and uxorial roles, political interference in school leadership appointments, gender stereotyping, and the constraining forces of social expectations in Kosovo. These constraints were only thinly balanced by the positive influence of familial support and female role models, encouraging women to engage in leadership roles.

Antecedents of Need for Uniqueness: A Study of Adolescents in India

Adolescents constitute a significant share of the consumer market. One trait in adolescents that may influence marketing strategies is the need for uniqueness (NFU). NFU may have both extrinsic and intrinsic drivers, an understanding of which would enable designing of appropriate marketing interventions. Research in this area is scant, particularly with regard to adolescents in India. This paper aims to determine the antecedents of NFU in adolescents and examine the influence of these intrinsic and extrinsic antecedents on NFU. Based on a review of literature, the NFU drivers - independence, excitement seeking, nonchalance, and novelty-seeking were classified as intrinsic antecedents and two drivers - role model influence and parental openness were classified as extrinsic antecedents of the uniqueness need. All six drivers were found to have a significant impact on the NFU construct. The theoretical contribution and marketing implications are discussed along with suggested areas of future research.