Influence Of National Culture Research Articles

Influence of National Culture on Country’s Innovative Activity

Influence of National Culture on Country’s Innovative Activity

The effect of national culture on corporate green proactivity

Climate change is emerging as a crisis that will wreak catastrophic damage on society. In response, companies are expected to mitigate GHG emissions. The current literature focuses largely on economic and regulatory influences but ignores the effects of informal institutions on corporate response to global warming. This motivates us to examine the impact of culture on corporate green proactivity. We find that the cultural dimensions of masculinity and uncertainty avoidance are barriers to green proactivity and that a U-shape relationship exists between power distance and proactivity. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to document the dynamic influence of national culture on green behavior beyond financial and regulatory determinants. In addition, we use a novel measure, corporate green ranking, instead of carbon disclosure to gauge climate proactivity. The findings provide nuanced understanding of corporate decarbonization efforts and have significant theoretical and practical implications.

Cultural dimensions in online purchase behavior: Evidence from a cross-cultural study

The objective of this research is to investigate how cultural differences affect consumers’ online purchase behavior. We reviewed the recent literature on cross-cultural studies on online behavior and building on Hofstede’s theory of cultural dimensions and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), we developed a conceptual model exploring how the dimensions of national culture influence perceptions of website usability, trust, and perceived risk, which in turn impact on intention to use and online purchase behavior. A web-based questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 350 European and Asian consumers actively using Alibaba e-commerce platforms. The conceptual model was validated through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to empirically test the hypothesized relationships among variables. Results showed how culture significantly influenced website usability and perceived risk in European consumers and, in turn, their intention and behavior. Differently, culture significantly influenced trust of Asian consumers, as well as their intention and online behavior. With this study, we contribute to the literature on consumer online purchase behavior from a cross-cultural perspective. As culture emerged among the significant antecedents of mechanisms explaining online purchase behavior, e-tailers should tailor digital marketing strategies according to consumer cultural differences.

Providing a High Level of Safety Culture when Exporting Nuclear Power Technologies

The paper considers the concept and fundamental principles of safety culture which along with the high professionalism of service personnel in Russia and abroad as well as the reliable operation of all production and technical systems, are necessary conditions for nuclear and radiation safety of energy enterprises. Taking into account the influence of national culture on safety culture, training in the effective use of tools for preventing personnel errors along with the high quality of education of foreign students will contribute to the formation of a principled position in the field of safety and efficiency of functioning of nuclear facilities.

Cultural Effects on Organizational Resilience: Evidence from the NAFTA Region

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of national culture on organizational resilience, the effects of which are analyzed for companies from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) region. This paper utilizes an etic approach to study this relationship and has an empirical design with a sample of N = 464. The direct effect of national culture on organizational resilience is investigated. To measure national culture, this paper relies on the dimensions of Hofstede. A multiple regression analysis is applied to answer the hypotheses. Results show that the dimensions of power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence have a significant direct effect on an organization’s resilience. This paper confirms the necessity for reflecting upon the importance of national cultures to globally-working organizations. Organizations that are dedicated to proactive development in their organizational resilience must understand the cultural circumstances that might hinder resilience development. Indeed, cultural influences play a significant role in human resource trainings, choices of location, leadership styles, and managing stakeholders and external alliances to improve organizational resilience. This paper is the first to quantitatively study the relationship of national culture on organizational resilience.

Managing privacy paradox through national culture: Reshaping online retailing strategy

Data privacy is a threat to the future of e-commerce. Consumers face a dilemma in balancing the risks and benefits associated with online privacy, leading to a phenomenon termed the privacy paradox. The study interviewed 30 Millennials representing 13 countries using a grounded theory approach to explore the influence of national culture on the information disclosure attitude in the context of online retailing. The study presents a novel framework, Privacy Paradox Pyramid, to manage the privacy paradox through the lens of national culture, enabling retailers to segment the customers and design a tailored approach to create a competitive advantage.

A Meta-Analytic Review of the Relationship Between Learning Organization and Organizational Performance and Employee Attitudes: Using the Dimensions of Learning Organization Questionnaire

The purpose of this meta-analysis study is to examine the correlations between the Dimensions of Learning Organization Questionnaire (DLOQ) and frequently examined outcomes including organizational performance and employee attitudes. Positive relationships were found between the DLOQ and organizational performance (e.g., financial, knowledge, and innovative performance) and employee attitudes (e.g., organizational commitment and job satisfaction) and the sub-dimensions (e.g., affective, continuance, and normative commitment), with a notable exception of a negative relationship between the DLOQ and turnover. Because the DLOQ has been used in many countries over the years, this study also examined the influence of national culture on the outcomes. Power distance moderated the relationship between the learning organization and overall organizational performance. Our meta-analytic review makes substantive contributions to the literature on the learning organization concept and the study of national culture as a significant moderator. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Do cultural differences impact ethical issues? Exploring the relationship between national culture and quality of code of ethics

In recent years, attention to sustainability and corporate ethics has grown considerably. This highlights ethical codes as tools to promote ethical and honest actions and create greater motivation among employees. Ethical codes help implement organisational control by allowing companies to represent both belief and boundary systems. Despite the global relevance of ethics, the drafting processes, and the contents of ethical codes differ considerably between countries. This circumstance makes interesting the analysis of the influence of national culture on the quality of the code of ethics, still little explored in the literature. This study aims to fill this gap by analysing the impact of Hofstede's dimensions, as an expression of national culture, on quality of the code of ethics, from an organisational control perspective. Our analysis, of 191 international companies belonging to 29 different countries and five continents, shows that the quality of the ethical codes is related to five of Hofstede's six dimensions. This study enriches the literature by extending the field of antecedents of the quality of the code of ethics, which before this research included analyses only on internal determinants.

Uticaj nacionalne kulture na rad na daljinu

With globalization and the emergence of a growing number of international companies, the influence of national culture on various aspects of human life in management has become particularly important in recent decades in modern business. Due to the encounter of different cultures from all over the world, it is impossible to avoid the influence of these cultural differences and the possibility of conflicts is great, so modern leaders and managers try to find good techniques of proper management of different people using knowledge of national culture. Any form of conflict, even constructive conflicts, can have a negative impact on the work performance of employees, and in international companies a large number of conflicts is a direct consequence of a lack of understanding of national culture. Teleworking and flexible forms of work are the result of the technological revolution and globalization. Although insufficiently researched form of work, it is gaining more and more attention of the authors. Managers face new challenges in managing employees working remotely, especially in multinational and multiethnic environments of international companies, so it is important to explore aspects that affect their work performance.

Influence of national culture on knowledge management process: literature review and research agenda

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore, understand and investigate the relationship between national culture and knowledge management (KM) process.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on systematically and objectively capturing the contents of extant research papers published by researchers in this area by using the literature review methodology.FindingsThe study demonstrates significant relationship between national culture and KM process. Further, it also provides directions for future research.Practical implicationsThe study will help top management to understand and appreciate the impact of national culture on KM process in organization, where people from different nations are working together. The management may apply appropriate organizational interventions to manage people of different national cultures in effective manner and effective utilization of knowledge of the organization through KM process. This paper will be considered as a quick reference and resource for anyone interested in this area.Originality/valueThis study is a comprehensive literature review of influence of national culture on KM process. Further, it also sets the research agenda for future researchers.

National business cultures: the influence of religion, and their role in the economic development of countries

Abstract The paper clarifies the conditions and factors of the development of the institutional environment through modern interdisciplinary analysis. The authors revise the studies of the problem under consideration in the history of science and reveal the decisive role of religion in the development of national business cultures. The study highlights the fundamental postulates, i.e. the canons of theology, and argues for the need to consider them in the context of the analysis of national business cultures. The authors put forward and prove theoretical and methodological principles of the determinant influence of national business cultures and religion on the development of countries (the socio-economic phenomenon of the “economic miracle”). The content of the category “Polish economic miracle” is revealed through analysis of the influence of Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Protestantism on other “economic miracles” known from history. The authors conclude that Catholicism currently encourages entrepreneurial initiative of both individuals and organisations, which contributes to the sustainable economic development of countries.

Knowledge sharing in two cultures: the moderating effect of national culture on perceived knowledge quality in online communities

ABSTRACT Online communities have been identified as key platforms for innovation and knowledge sharing. While many studies have consistently identified that social capital and cultural factors are important for online knowledge sharing, their joint effect has to date received less attention. Addressing this gap helps us to move away from a one-size-fits-all approach of managing online communities to one which takes into account that social capital (i.e., trust, reciprocity, and a shared vision) may have differential effects on the sharing of high-quality knowledge. We therefore ask: To what extent does national culture shape the effect of social capital on perceived knowledge quality? We use survey data from two online communities from Germany and the Netherlands and demonstrate that the relationship between social capital and perceived knowledge quality differs in the two different national cultures, in particular for effects of reciprocity and shared vision. Besides practical contributions, we add to the literature by first integrating a social capital and online knowledge sharing lens and highlighting the moderating effect of national culture. Second, we provide a fine-grained understanding of the influence of national culture on knowledge sharing by delving deeper into differences between national cultures often regarded as similar.

Lost in Transfer? Exploring the Influence of Culture on the Transfer of Knowledge Categories

ABSTRACT Supported by an extensive review of four-domains of literature (knowledge management, organizational learning, culture, and retail), this study examines the influence of national culture on transfer of knowledge categories in top supermarkets in Africa and the United Kingdom (UK). Data from in-depth semi-structured interviews with 40 store managers (SMs) were used to examine how the SMs transfer the five sales performance drivers – selling-related knowledge, the degree-of-adaptiveness, role-clarity, cognitive-aptitude, and work-engagement – to their subordinates. The study finds these UK supermarkets’ knowledge transfer (KT) practices as embedded in problem-based learning (PBL) and project-based learning. SMs from African supermarkets exploit various opportunities to build interpersonal relationships and trust with knowledge-holders, thereby facilitating learning and KT. This study links such behaviors to “Ubuntu” – a well-established African philosophy/ethic. The study finds socialization, externalization, and internalization as common knowledge assets in African supermarkets, in contrast to socialization and externalization in their UK counterparts. This study found that, despite these variations in their strategic priorities regarding knowledge assets, these five sales performance drivers are transferred successfully in supermarkets in both continents that participated in the research. This offers a new insight that challenges the extant theorizing that KT praxis varies among diverse cultures.

The Secret of Successful Leadership—The Critical Match Between the Characteristics of Leaders, the Attributes of Subordinates, and the Circumstances of the Situation

Seldom has so much been written on such an important topic that has produced so little agreement and so much controversy. It starts with “what is leadership and how does it differ from managership?” It continues with the development of competing big, mid-range, and small leadership theories (Muczyk & Adler, 2002). Most recently, scholars are preoccupied with attempting to develop a leadership theory or model by creating a critical match between leader characteristics, subordinate attributes, and the circumstances of the situation. More and more, the influence of national cultures in this global economic village is taken into consideration. This effort is also an attempt at creating such a match in a cultural context that is perceived to be useful by practitioners, is based on reason, and factors in important variables identified in the accepted leadership theories or models.

Диалог культур (Рецензия на книгу В.В. Николовой)

The review goes into the monograph of the Bulgarian researcher V.V. Nikolova, dedicated to one of the most essential problems of modern human sciences — the problem of interaction and mutual influence of different national cultures. The monograph explores the processes of influence of Russian culture, primarily Russian dramaturgy, on Bulgarian culture. First of all, in this research, a new concept of establishing and development of the national Bulgarian book publishing was created. The author revealed the special role of Russian dramaturgy publications in this process. The special attention is paid to the translation issues.

National culture's influence on environmental performance of countries: A study of direct and indirect effects

AbstractThe effect of national culture on country environmental performance has received attention during the past few years. However, previous studies considered a subset of cultural dimensions, focused on diverse environmental performance measures, provided contrasting results, and did not adequately investigated the mediating effects of socio‐economic variables. In this study, we investigate the impact of all cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long‐term orientation, indulgence) on three environmental performance measures at the country level: the environmental performance index and its two main overarching objectives. Both direct and indirect effects, through three socio‐economic variables (population growth, education, income), are tested using a sample of 62 countries. Results show that the effect of cultural dimensions may vary based on the specific cultural dimension and the type of environmental performance measure considered. Masculinity and indulgence directly impact on environmental performance. Power distance has no influence on environmental performance measures. The other dimensions affect environmental performance through the mediating effect of socio‐economic variables.

Does corporate social responsibility mediate the influence of national culture on investment inefficiency? Firm‐level evidence from Asia Pacific

AbstractA systematic understanding of how national culture translates its effect on firm‐level CSR performance which resultantly increases or decreases firm‐level investment inefficiency is critical void in the extant literature which the current study aims to fill over and above what previous studies have documented on the relationship between national culture and investment inefficiency and national culture and CSR performance. Building on Hofstede's four culture dimensions, we examine the direct and indirect links between national culture and investment inefficiency by considering the mediating role of Corporate Social Responsibility performance. Our study sample comprises of firms registered and remained list on the stock exchanges of 12 different Asia Pacific countries over the period of 2006–2016. To test the pathway in which national culture act on investment efficacy, Sobel intermediary factor test method is used to analyse the intermediary effect. We provide evidence that high degree of individualism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity significantly reduce investment inefficiency. We also show that these variables decrease firm investment inefficiencies mainly through the increased CSR performance. In contrast, our results suggest that higher power distance increases the investment inefficiency of firms through declines in CSR performance. Our findings are robust after controlling for endogeneity, self‐selection and sample selection biases.

Does national culture influence management's accounting behaviour and strategy? – an empirical analysis of European IFRS adopters

PurposeThis study examines, in a European context, whether a management-induced International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) accounting strategy is affected by national culture. It analyses the association between management's accounting strategy and Hofstede's cultural dimensions of individualism and uncertainty avoidance, as well as institutional and firm-specific factors.Design/methodology/approachUsing hand-collected accounting decisions from 301 annual reports of firms from 14 European countries in 2017, a model is developed to identify two ordinally scaled accounting strategy variables, each representing the aggregated effect of the decisions on earnings and equity ratio. Afterwards, the effect of the cultural dimensions on these accounting-strategy variables is analysed by an ordered logistic regression.FindingsThe results do not support an association between management's accounting strategy and national culture, complementing the previous critical literature on values-based theories of culture. However, there is evidence that national legal enforcement, disclosure requirements and firm size explain differences in management's accounting strategy across countries.Research limitations/implicationsUsing the cultural value dimensions of the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) project, the findings are robust and stable. However, the study is limited to a European data set and the sample year.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to the discussion on the transparency and comparability of IFRS accounting. The results imply that these issues are not affected by cultural differences but rather by differences in institutional and firm-specific factors. In order to bring about improvements, regulators should establish a uniform institutional setting, while the standard setter should reduce the number of implicit and explicit accounting choices embodied in the IFRS.Originality/valueThe paper advances the understanding of cultural influences on management's IFRS accounting behaviour by providing an alternative to the existing accruals approach.

The role of national culture in the relationship between microfinance outreach and sustainability: a correlated random effects approach

PurposeThis study investigates the role of national culture between outreach and sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs). Despite microfinance's deep embeddedness in cultural contexts, research on the influence of national culture on MFI performance is rather sparse. This paper seeks to fill this gap and, based on cross-country microfinance data, attempts to explain the outreach-sustainability relationship in reference to cultural factors.Design/methodology/approachAn unbalanced panel, consisting of 5,741 MFI-year observations of 1,232 MFIs from 43 countries in six regions, is drawn from the Microfinance Information Exchange (MIX) Market database. Two different econometric models are tested. Model 1 estimates the direct effect of outreach on sustainability, using a fixed-effects estimator. Model 2 examines the moderation effect of national culture on outreach-sustainability relationship, employing correlated random effects approach.FindingsThe results show that depth of outreach and financial sustainability of MFIs are negatively related, and the relationship is moderated by national culture. Power distance and uncertainty avoidance positively moderate the outreach-sustainability relationship, whereas individualism and masculinity negatively moderate the relationship.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that the national culture where MFIs are located plays an important contingent role in their performance and that the magnitude of the trade-off effect varies from culture to culture. The research thus provides further insight in the trade-off debate and contributes to literatures of both microfinance and cross-cultural management.

Cultural factors and the role of privacy concerns in acceptance of government surveillance

AbstractThough there is a tension between citizens' privacy concerns and their acceptance of government surveillance, there is little systematic research in this space and less still in a cross‐cultural context. We address the research gap by modeling the factors that drive public acceptance of government surveillance, and by exploring the influence of national culture. The research involved an online survey of 242 Australian and Sri Lankan residents. Data were analyzed using partial least squares, revealing that privacy concerns around initial collection of citizens' data influenced levels of acceptance of surveillance in Australia but not Sri Lanka, whereas concerns about secondary use of data did not influence levels of acceptance in either country. These findings suggest that respondents conflate surveillance with the collection of data and may not consider subsequent secondary use. We also investigate cultural differences, finding that societal collectivism and power distance significantly affect the strength of the relationships between privacy concerns and acceptance of surveillance, on the one hand, and adoption of privacy protections, on the other. Our research also considers the role of trust in government, and perceived need for surveillance. Findings are discussed with their implications for theory and practice.