Influence Of Extraversion Research Articles

Relationship between big five personality and health literacy in elderly patients with chronic diseases: the mediating roles of family communication and self-efficacy

The significance of health literacy for elderly individuals with chronic illnesses lies in managing and delaying disease development, which is affected by personal and environmental factors. Family communication can provide an emotional support environment; self-efficacy is an important factor of subjective initiative and personality. A relatively persistent thinking and behavior pattern can affect the environment, subjective initiative, and individual health outcomes. This study aims to explore the effects of the Big Five personality traits on the health literacy of elderly individuals with chronic illnesses and to hypothesize that family communication and self-efficacy mediate the Big Five personalities and health literacy. A cross-sectional study of 2251 elderly individuals with chronic diseases was conducted through nationwide random quota sampling. The structural equation model was used to explore the mediating role of family communication and self-efficacy between the Big Five personality and health literacy. Family communication played a simple mediating role in the influence of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism on health literacy. Self-efficacy played a simple mediating role in the influence of the Big Five personalities on health literacy. Self-efficacy and family communication played a chain mediating role between extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and health literacy. Nurses can enhance the health literacy of elderly individuals with chronic illnesses with extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism through family communication and self-efficacy while promoting the health literacy of those with openness through self-efficacy.

Influence of Extraversion, Agreeableness and Learning Motivation on Learning Performance

Influence of Extraversion, Agreeableness and Learning Motivation on Learning Performance

The Influence of Extraversion on Political Polarization and Affective Forecasting

In the United States, political division has continually worsened over the years, with the growing divide between the Left and Right leading to increased animosity between members of the two parties. This study explores this expanding division by analyzing the influence of political polarization on individuals’ willingness to work for a humanitarian cause. Specifically, we examine if an individual’s extraversion rating influences how long they spend on charitable task, or how long they predict they would spend on the task, and if the presence of cues associated with their in-group or out-group would influence their participation as well. This study does so by determining an association between extraversion and the assigned task type (predictor or engager) as well as between extraversion and the party they identify with. It also looked at the correlation of extraversion and time spent on a charitable task supposedly sponsored by a control, co-partisan, or counter-partisan charity organization. Ultimately, we found no association between extraversion and the time spent on the charitable task, nor did it find a link in extraversion and party identification. This study ran into some limitations that may have impacted its overall results – including time constraints and a singular focus placed on the personality trait of extraversion. This study demonstrated the importance of participation within prosocial activities and the implications of activities that influence this participation. To see the complete thesis, please visit https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/undergraduate_honors_theses/d791sh52s.

The influence of extraversion and temperament on motivational factors for learning

The influence of extraversion and temperament on motivational factors for learning

The influence of stimuli valence, extraversion, and emotion regulation on visual search within real-world scenes

Affective traits, including extraversion and emotion regulation, are important considerations in clinical psychology due to their associations with the occurrence of affective disorders. Previously, emotional real-world scenes have been shown to influence visual search. However, it is currently unknown whether extraversion and emotion regulation can influence visual search towards neutral targets embedded within real-world scenes, or whether these traits can impact the effect of emotional stimuli on visual search. An opportunity sample of healthy individuals had trait levels of extraversion and emotion regulation recorded before completing a visual search task. Participants more accurately identified search targets in neutral images compared to positive images, whilst response times were slower in negative images. Importantly, individuals with higher trait levels of expressive suppression displayed faster identification of search targets regardless of the emotional valence of the stimuli. Extraversion and cognitive reappraisal did not influence visual search. These findings add to our understanding regarding the influence of extraversion, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression on our ability to allocate attention during visual search when viewing real-world scenes.

Influence of Personality Traits, Goals, Academic Efficacy, and Stressload on Final Grades in Swedish High School Students

ABSTRACT The influence of personality factors, school achievement goals, academic efficacy, and stressload of serious problems on final grades was studied by giving a questionnaire, The Perceived Stress and Control Assessment Scale, to 915 Swedish high school students. A new measure, Stressload Index, was created by extending the Control-Stress Index. Structural Equation Modeling analysis revealed that the variance in final grades was explained by four predictors, namely academic efficacy, stressload of serious problems, neuroticism, and extraversion, to 13%, academic efficacy contributing most. The effect of stressload of serious problems was shown to be negative. The influence of extraversion was negative, whereas neuroticism had a positive effect on final grades.

Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on the weekly dynamics of jobseekers' self-regulation

The present study examined extraversion and neuroticism as moderators of weekly relationships between job-search efforts, proximity to the goal of obtaining employment, emotional wellbeing, and job-search self-efficacy. To this end, a short-term longitudinal study, consisting of weekly assessments over a 4-week period, was conducted among 80 French jobseekers. The main results suggested that the more extraverted or neurotic jobseekers are, the more motivated they are to make job-search efforts after positive experiences (i.e., high emotional wellbeing and/or high job-search self-efficacy), and the more demotivated they are to make efforts after negative experiences. Conversely, the more introverted and emotionally stable jobseekers are, the more motivated they are to make efforts after negative rather than positive experiences. In short, extraverted and/or neurotic individuals exhibited the self-regulation dynamics predicted by social cognitive theories, while introverted and/or emotionally-stable individuals exhibited the self-regulation dynamics predicted by control/cybernetic theories. Results are discussed in the light of current knowledge about self-regulation and job-search dynamics.

Relacje online. Ekstrawersja i inteligencja emocjonalna w kontekście wybranych aspektów komunikacji internetowej

Interpersonal communication is a dynamic, complex process, and is conditioned by many factors, among which one of the most important roles is played by the personality of interaction partners. The article presents results of research on the influence of extraversion and emotional intelligence on selected aspects of communication when the process is mediated by the Internet. The study involved young adults (N = 51) aged 21–27 (M = 24.27; SD = 1.65; Md = 24), mostly women (Nk = 26; K/M = 1.08), who responded to the invitation to the study published on Facebook. The survey was conducted in the period from December 2019 to February 2020, through Messenger and GoogleForms to collect the results in personality questionnaires. On the basis of the correlation coefficients obtained, it can be assumed that the level of extraversion (r = .397, p = .002; r = 414, p < .001 and the level of emotional intelligence (r = .331, p = .009; r = .411, p < .001) may be responsible for the expression of emotions and productivity of the speech in an intermediary conversation. Due to the results of the conducted research, we put forward a thesis that the mediation of contact with another person thanks to the currently developed systems of smileys, does not lead to impoverishment of the emotional layer of the message.

The influence of extraversion on emotional expression: A moderated mediation model

We developed a moderated mediation model to investigate both the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between extraversion and emotional expression, and the moderating effect of emotional intelligence on this mediating role, in a moderated mediation model. We used personality and emotional expression questionnaires, and self-esteem and emotional intelligence scales to survey 2,644 Chinese college students. Results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between extraversion and emotional expression and a partial mediating role of self-esteem between extraversion and emotional expression, and that the mediating role of self-esteem was moderated by emotional intelligence. Indirect effects were more significant in participants with high versus low emotional intelligence. Thus, the influence of extraversion on emotional expression was a moderated mediation effect. Theoretical guidance and practical implications for the cultivation of emotional expression in college students are discussed.

Examining Characteristics of Opinion Leaders in Social Media: A Motivational Approach

Social networking sites offer various opportunities to express opinions on politics and public affairs and to disseminate information to a large circle of acquaintances. The present research aims to identify the characteristics of people who consider themselves as opinion leaders on these new channels, the features they use in order to influence others, and the psychological motives they pursue. A survey ( N = 527) among Facebook users identified political interest and personality strength as significant predictors of perceived Facebook opinion leadership, while the influence of extraversion was not significant. Those who write private messages on political debates do this in order to raise awareness of specific topics, while opinion expression in public status updates is also strongly connected to self-presentational goals (impression motivation). Moreover, the motives of presenting oneself positively and convincing others are particularly important for people with high personality strength. The present findings extend previous knowledge by redefining the concept of opinion leadership in new media environments and describing motivational links between individuals’ predispositions and their activities to influence others’ opinions. On a practical level, the pronounced role of self-presentational motives is likely to have important implications for the dynamics of public debates in social media.

The influence of extraversion on brain activity at baseline and during the experience and expectation of visceral pain

Eysenck proposed a ‘trait theory’ of personality, the dimensions of which encompass numerous individual qualities. Whilst the influence of neuroticism on the brain processing of pain is well described, the role of extraversion, to date, has not been systematically investigated. Our aim was to address this knowledge gap using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Extraversion was measured in 33 healthy volunteers (17 males, mean age 29years [range 20–53]) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. fMRI data were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner during rest, pain anticipation, and painful oesophageal balloon distention. The effect of extraversion on fMRI responses was determined.Extraversion scores varied (range 6–22) and did not influence pain threshold or rating. High extraversion was associated with significantly greater activity in the left cuneus during rest (p⩽0.001), and the right insula during both anticipation (p⩽0.0002) and pain (p⩽0.0008). Low extraversion was associated with significantly greater brain activity in the bilateral precuneus, bilateral lingual gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus and left superior parietal lobule during pain anticipation (all p⩽0.0001).These results suggest that extraversion is associated with differences in the brain processing of visceral pain. Future studies of visceral pain, using fMRI, should control for extraversion.

Tu1803 Influence of Extraversion on Brain Activity During Rest, Pain Anticipation and Visceral Pain Processing

Tu1803 Influence of Extraversion on Brain Activity During Rest, Pain Anticipation and Visceral Pain Processing

An investigation on the effects of personal characteristics on creativity and innovation

Article history: Received January 4, 2014 Accepted 1 June 2014 Available online June 5 2014 This paper examines the effects of big Five factors including openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism on creativity and innovation among selected employees of municipality in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study uses a standard questionnaire developed by Costa and McCrae (1980) [Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: happy and unhappy people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(4), 668.] to measure the effects of five personality characteristics. In addition, the study has adopted a questionnaire developed by Torrents et al. (2010) [Torrents, C., Castaner, M., DINUSOVA, M., & Anguera, M. T. (2010). Discovering new ways of moving: Observational analysis of motor creativity while dancing contact improvisation and the influence of the partner. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 44(1), 53-69.] for measuring creativity. Using a simple regression analysis, the study has detected negative and meaningful relationship between neuroticism and creativity and innovation (β = 0.229, t-value = -3.196), a positive and meaningful relationship between extraversion and creativity and innovation (β = 0.209, t-value = 3.204) and finally a positive and meaningful relationship between openness and creativity and innovation (β = 0.225, t-value = 3.717). However, the study did not confirm any relationship between agreeableness as well as conscientiousness and creativity & innovation. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Influence of Extraversion on Leisure Constraints Negotiation Process

Diverse behavioral and psychological elements in the leisure constraints negotiation process are known to be closely associated with each other. Among several psychological factors, personality traits tend to be more stable over time and more influential on an individual's behavior. Nevertheless previous studies that investigated the constraints negotiation process have paid little attention to the influence of the personality traits. Further, people with disabilities likely perceive various leisure constraints differently, and adopt distinctive patterns of negotiation efforts. Thus, this paper employs the concept of extraversion as a personality trait for individuals with disabilities. Study results suggest that people with disabilities make use of different constraints negotiation mechanisms to decide on their leisure participation.

The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Information Competency in Korean and American Students

We examined differences between Korean and American cultures in terms of the relationships between Big Five personality traits (McCrae & Costa, 1990) and information competency. Korean (n = 245) and American (n = 185) college students completed the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and the Information Competency Scale (Kwon, 2010). Results showed both similarities and differences between the 2 culture groups. Conscientiousness and openness to experience significantly predicted information competency in both Korean and American students. However, the influence of extraversion was significant only for American students. This result may be because of the high value placed on extraversion in American culture.

Who may be loyal? Personality, flow experience and customer e-loyalty

Marketers heavily prioritise customer loyalty. Previous works have identified the ‘flow’ experience (optimal experience with total concentration and intrinsic enjoyment) as a predictor of online customer e-loyalty. However, applications of the concept to managing customer e-loyalty are limited. Personality traits influence individual psychology and can thus reveal which individuals are likely to experience flow. This study thus examines how customer openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, skill, flow and online customer e-loyalty are related. This study surveyed 1,852 online game customers. The analytical results of a follow-up survey of 593 customers confirmed the findings of the initial survey that openness and conscientiousness positively influence customer skills and thus increase the likelihood of online game customers experiencing flow, which then enhances customer e-loyalty. The influence of extraversion was observed in the follow-up survey but not in the initial survey.

Big Five Personality Traits and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Iranian Muslim University Students

This study presents the first examination of the relation between the Big Five personality traits, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in Iran, which is an understudied country in the well-being literature. Participants were 235 university students at the University of Tehran, all reporting their religious affiliation as Muslim. Findings revealed that the Big Five personality traits explained about 25% of the variance in life satisfaction scores. Among the Big Five traits, extraversion and neuroticism were found to be the strongest predictors of life satisfaction. In addition, it was found that self-esteem significantly predicted life satisfaction over and above the Big Five personality traits. Findings also showed that self-esteem completely mediated the influence of conscientiousness and agreeableness on life satisfaction, while the influence of extraversion and neuroticism on life satisfaction was partially mediated by self-esteem. Furthermore, findings revealed that female students scored significantly higher than male students on life satisfaction. Sex also could moderate the relation between conscientiousness and life satisfaction. This relation was found to be significantly stronger for female students. Implications of the results are discussed with reference to prior studies on the relation between personality traits and different aspects of well-being in Iran.

The influence of extraversion on preferences and engagement in pleasant activities in patients with substance use disorders: One size fits all?

A hallmark of the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) is its emphasis on getting individuals to increase their engagement in healthy old and new rewarding activities that can compete with substance use. The personality dimension extraversion seems to be an important mechanism underlying activity engagement. A median split classified 265 patients with substance use disorders as high or low on NEO-FFI extraversion scores. Group comparisons indicated that patients with low NEO-FFI extraversion scores reported lower pleasant activity levels in general, and lower intensity of social interactions in particular. The disparity between conditions as far as what they valued was relative, since both groups pinpointed a wealth of potentially pleasant activities that could play a role in achieving non-substance related positive reinforcement for sobriety.

The moderating influence of extraversion on the relationship between IQ and cortical activation

There is converging empirical evidence for a more efficient use of the brain in high IQ individuals (i.e. the neural efficiency hypothesis). In this study the personality dimension extraversion (E), which has also been linked to individual differences in central nervous system activity, has been additionally taken into consideration. We measured the so-called Event-Related Desynchronization (ERD) in the EEG during performance of a well-known elementary cognitive task, the so-called Posner task. In addition, cortical activation at rest was analyzed. As IQ–ERD results are covered elsewhere [cf. Neubauer, A. C. Fink, A. & Schrausser, D. G. Intelligence and neural efficiency: The influence of task content and sex on brain-IQ relationship. (submitted for publication), the aim of this paper is to specifically analyze IQ and E group differences in cortical activation patterns. We observed significant IQ by E interactions during rest and cognitive activity in the lower alpha band: The pattern of this interaction suggests that during cognitive activity the extraverts were more likely to produce activation patterns in line with the neural efficiency hypothesis (i.e. less activation in more intelligent participants), whereas at rest the introverted group displayed this inverse relationship between IQ and cortical activation. Alternatively interpreted, at rest the hypothesized lower cortical arousal in extraverts as compared to introverts was only found in low IQ individuals, whereas during task performance only brighter individuals matched this hypothesis.

Life-satisfaction is a momentary judgment and a stable personality characteristic: the use of chronically accessible and stable sources.

Social cognition research indicates that life-satisfaction judgments are based on a selected set of relevant information that is accessible at the time of the life-satisfaction judgment. Personality research indicates that life-satisfaction judgments are quite stable over extended periods of time and predicted by personality traits. The present article integrates these two research traditions. We propose that people rely on the same sources to form repeated life-satisfaction judgments over time. Some of these sources (e.g., memories of emotional experiences, academic performance) provide stable information that explains the stability in life-satisfaction judgments. Second, we propose that the influence of personality traits on life satisfaction is mediated by the use of chronically accessible sources because traits produce stability of these sources. Most important, the influence of extraversion and neuroticism is mediated by use of memories of past emotional experiences. To test this model, participants repeatedly judged life-satisfaction over the course of a semester. After each assessment, participants reported sources that they used for these judgments. Changes in reported sources were related to changes in life-satisfaction judgments. A path model demonstrated that chronically accessible and stable sources are related to stable individual differences in life-satisfaction. Furthermore, the model supported the hypothesis that personality effects were mediated by chronically accessible and stable sources. In sum, the results are consistent with our theory that life-satisfaction judgments are based on chronically accessible sources.