Influence Of Electromagnetic Field Research Articles

Electromagnetic effects on the complexity of static cylindrical object in f(G, T) gravity

In this paper, we investigate complexity of anisotropic cylindrical object under the influence of electromagnetic field in f(G, T) theory, where G and T indicate the Gauss–Bonnet term and trace of the stress–energy tensor, respectively. For this purpose, we calculate the modified field equations, non-conservation equation and mass distributions that assist in comprehending the structure of astrophysical objects. The Riemann tensor is divided into different structure scalars, among which one is called the complexity factor. This factor is used to measure complexity of the system due to the involvement of inhomogeneous energy density, anisotropic pressure and charge. The vanishing of the complexity factor is employed as a constraint to formulate charged static solutions for the Gokhroo–Mehra model and polytropic equation of state. We conclude that the presence of charge reduces the complexity of the anisotropic system.

Study of the Effect of External Magnetic Fields on the Parameters of the Electrical Communications Probing System for a Microtunneling Shield

The issues were reviewed in assessing external electromagnetic fields’ effect on the parameters of an electrical power line probing system based on three-component ferroprobes for detecting active underground power cable lines during microtunnel construction using the thrust boring method (by tunneling shield) in densely populated urban areas. A study was conducted on the change in the topology of the energized cable magnetic field located in the external magnetic field area created by operating electrical equipment under the influence of an external electromagnetic field and a tunneling shield with installed magneto-sensitive detectors. Experimental studies of the probing system were made. Options have been proposed for compensating the inductance component of the external magnetic field during tunnel driving in urban development and industrial area conditions.

Study of Charged Compact Stars in Non‐minimally Coupled Gravity

AbstractThis paper studies the structural formation of various spherically symmetric anisotropic configured stars in gravity under the influence of electromagnetic field, where . We construct modified field equations by adopting the Krori‐Barua metric potentials (involving unknowns ()) and employ bag model equation of state to explore the physical characteristics of compact structures like Vela X‐I, 4U 1820‐30, SAX J 1808.4‐3658, Her X‐I and RXJ 1856‐37. The bag constant () and other three unknowns are calculated by using experimental data of all considered stars. Further, we adopt a standard model to interpret the graphical behavior of energy density, pressure in radial and tangential directions as well as anisotropy. We also investigate mass, compactness parameter, surface redshift and energy conditions for compact bodies by taking model parameter (ϖ) as ±5. The stability of the obtained solution is examined by means of two different criteria. We conclude that our proposed solution meets all the physical requirements and shows stable behavior everywhere for .

Инновационные технологии переработки комбинированного рыбного и растительного сырья

The article considers the innovative techniques of processing the agro-food raw materials. There has been analyzed a structural scheme of processing plant and animal raw materials using modern technologies. The review of scientific, technical and patent literature was done, which allowed to define the main directions of further research in the field of complex processing of fish and vegetable raw materials. The stages of transition from traditional agro-food technologies to energy-saving ones have been formulated. Methods of enriching fish and vegetable products with protein hydrolysates obtained from low-value fish meat have been described. It is proposed to use CO2 extracts from spicy-aromatic and medicinal herbal raw materials as antioxidant enriching agents. To remove the excess moisture from fish and vegetable raw materials, it is recommended to use heated inert gases as drying agents under the influence of a low-frequency electromagnetic field. High-tech techniques include using the light water products with a reduced deuterium content in formulations, enriching the chemical composition of products with CO2 extracts of spices, processing the raw materials with argon and a low-frequency electromagnetic field, using the biodegradable packaging materials.

AFM Investigation of the Influence of Steam Flow through a Conical Coil Heat Exchanger on Enzyme Properties.

The present study is aimed at the revelation of subtle effects of steam flow through a conical coil heat exchanger on an enzyme, incubated near the heat exchanger, at the nanoscale. For this purpose, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been employed. In our experiments, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as a model enzyme. HRP is extensively employed as a model in food science in order to determine the influence of electromagnetic fields on enzymes. Adsorption properties of HRP on mica have been studied by AFM at the level of individual enzyme macromolecules, while the enzymatic activity of HRP has been studied by spectrophotometry. The solution of HRP was incubated either near the top or at the side of the conically wound aluminium pipe, through which steam flow passed. Our AFM data indicated an increase in the enzyme aggregation on mica after its incubation at either of the two points near the heat exchanger. At the same time, in the spectrophotometry experiments, a slight change in the shape of the curves, reflecting the HRP-catalyzed kinetics of ABTS oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, has also been observed after the incubation of the enzyme solution near the heat exchanger. These effects on the enzyme adsorption and kinetics can be explained by alterations in the enzyme hydration caused by the influence of the electromagnetic field, induced triboelectrically by the flow of steam through the heat exchanger. Our findings should thus be considered in the development of equipment involving conical heat exchangers, intended for either research or industrial use (including miniaturized bioreactors and biosensors). The increased aggregation of the HRP enzyme, observed after its incubation near the heat exchanger, should also be taken into account in analysis of possible adverse effects from steam-heated industrial equipment on the human body.

Exposure of Food Samples to Pulsed Microwave Radiation to Increase their Microbiological Safety and Shelf Life

The aim of the study was to increase the efficiency of decontamination of biological material and media (by the example of food products) by pulsed (non-thermal) radio emission and asses the prospects of its application in medicine and biology.Materials and methods. To achieve the goal an experimental setup has been designed, manufactured and tested, which makes it possible to study the process of exposure of biological materials and media to pulsed (non-thermal) radio emission, in particular, by the example of food products. The basis of the method is optimum control of the electro-physical parameters of the irradiating radio signal, depending on the type of the irradiated object. We used pulsed magnetrons with operating frequency of (2.45±0.05) GHz, authorized for bio-medical research, generating pulsed radiation with an adjustable power within the range of 0.1...10 kW. The pulse repetition rate with a duty cycle of 500...10000 is 0.1...5 kHz. The setup has an operating chamber into which the test sample is placed, as well as additional elements of magnetron protection and measuring the parameters of the microwave power incident on biological object.Results and discussion. The setup has been successfully used to irradiate various food samples with pathogenic micro flora (Salmonella spp. etc.) with pulsed microwave radiation. In particular, as shown by the studies, the arithmetic mean number of pathogenic bacteria in the irradiated samples of minced meat decreased by 27.5 times after 28 days of storage as compared to the control group of non-irradiated samples. Preliminary conducted experiments in the field of investigating the effect of microwave radiation on the process of cell division and other aspects of electromagnetic field influence on pathological microorganisms confirm the prospects and the expediency of continuing the ongoing studies in medicine and biology.

Membrane fouling remediation and modeling in phosphorous removal using electromagnetic field (EMF)-assisted nanofiltration (NF): In situ synchrotron imaging, experimental and statistical studies

Phosphorous loading in the natural waters is a current issue that is caused by the discharge of industrial water, agriculture run off, and municipal releases. Membrane technology is an emerging method to target the removal of phosphorous from wastewater and has several advantages over the traditional methods. However, the main challenge of membrane technology is membrane fouling. The main goal of this study was to optimize nanofiltration process of phosphates using electromagnetic field (EMF) as an eco-friendly membrane fouling remediation technique. To obtain this, several test runs were performed on a commercial membrane Dow NF270 for nanofiltration of synthesized water with various concentrations of phosphate. The application of EMF altered the particle size of phosphate that resulted in a significant decrease in membrane fouling while obtaining maximum flux. In situ synchrotron-based micro–Computed Tomography imaging (SR-μCT) available at the Canadian Light Source (CLS) was conducted to assess membrane fouling with and without EMF influence across layer by layer across membrane thickness. Synchrotron X-ray analysis revealed the decrease in internal membrane pores fouling, caused by increase of phosphate particles size when using EMF. In addition, SEM images of membrane showed reduced fouling. The influence of flowrate, pressure, pH, and phosphate concentration was observed on permeate volume, permeate flux, and membrane fouling. It was determined that flowrate, transmembrane pressure, and pH had were directly proportional to the permeate volume, while the phosphate concentration was indirectly proportional. Mathematical models were developed to obtain the optimized operating conditions and to determine which factor influenced water flux and membrane fouling the most. The transmembrane pressure was the most significant factor for water permeate flux, while the combination of the influence of pH and feed flowrate had also a positive effect. On the other hand, the feed concentration was the most significant for membrane fouling, according to mathematical model. The optimized conditions with the highest desirability had the concentration of phosphate at 0.368 mg/L, pressure at 97.8 psi, 6.98 pH, and flowrate of 5.13 L/min. Under these conditions, maximum flux of 7.43 mL/cm2/min and minimum fouling of 0.046 mg/cm2 was achieved.

On nonclassical boundary conditions for the contact of thin interlayers with different physical and mechanical properties on wave propagation in anisotropic media

Wave processes are intensively studied in various fields of physics: electrodynamics, plasma physics, radiophysics, acoustics, hydrodynamics, etc. Along with the study of electromagnetic and elastic wave processes, the research of patterns of wave propagation of various physical nature in the presence of mutual transformation are of particular relevance. Wave processes in coupled fields reflect the mutual influence of elastic, electromagnetic and thermal fields. The coupling of electromagnetic fields to the deformation field takes place in a medium with piezoelectric, piezomagnetic and magnetostrictive properties. In the paper, based on the matrix method, the propagation of coupled elastic and electromagnetic waves in media with different physical and mechanical properties is studied. The paper proposes a generalization of non-classical contact conditions for studying the effect of thin layers with different physical and mechanical properties on wave processes. A system of differential equations of the 1st order with variable coefficients is constructed, which describe the propagation of electroelastic waves in anisotropic media of a rhombic system of class 222. The conditions for nonrigid contact for a thin layer with piezoelectric properties are derived. The possibility of studying layers with δ-shaped properties (δ is the Dirac function) is proved.

Influence of electromagnetic fields of different frequencies on biological objects. Review = Вплив електромагнітних полів різних частот на біологічні об'єкти. Огляд літератури

Influence of electromagnetic fields of different frequencies on biological objects. Review = Вплив електромагнітних полів різних частот на біологічні об'єкти. Огляд літератури

Electrodynamics from the viewpoint of modern continuum theory—A review

AbstractThis paper wants to draw attention to several issues in electrodynamic field theory and to make way for a rational continuum approach to the subject. The starting point are the balances for magnetic flux and electric charge, both in a very general formulation for volumes and for open surfaces, all of which can deform and be immaterial or material. The spatial point‐of‐view for the description of fields is favored and its advantages in comparison to the concept of material particles is explained. A straightforward answer to the question of how to choose units for the electromagnetic fields most suitably is also presented. The transformation properties of the electromagnetic fields are addressed by rewriting the balances in space–time notation. Special attention is paid to the connection between the two sets of electromagnetic fields through the so‐called Maxwell–Lorentz–æther relations. The paper ends with an outlook into constitutive theory of matter under the influence of electromagnetic fields and a discussion on curious developments in context with Maxwell's equations.

MODIFICATION OF THE FATTY ACID PROFILE AS ADAPTATION OF BARLEY TO OXIDATIVE STRESS

The fatty acid profile of plants can respond to changes in environmental conditions. Oxidative stress, which develops as a result of water deficiency, is the leading abiotic stress in plant life. The mechanisms of adaptation to this factor are diverse and may include various physiological and biochemical transformations, for example, modification of the fatty acid profile. The aim of the work was to study the response at the level of barley fatty acids to water deficiency after electromagnetic treatment. For the first time, data on the regulation of the pool of fatty acids of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in conditions of water scarcity were obtained. The plants are grown from seeds treated in an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field, with a lack of water in comparison with the conditions of normal humidification. The qualitative fatty acid profile of barley leaves does not change either under the influence of drought or under the influence of an electromagnetic field. However, the adaptation modification affects the quantitative composition – for example, under the influence of drought, the content of palmitic acid decreases by 2.03 times relative to the control. Pretreatment of barley seeds with an electromagnetic field and the development of barley in conditions of lack of moisture leads to a decrease in the content of such fatty acids as lauric, palmitoleic, oleic, petroselinic – the difference with the control is from 1.29 to 13.00 times. Under the same growth conditions, the content of pentadecanoic acid in chloroform leaf extract increases by an average of 1.42 times relative to non-irradiated plants with normal humidification conditions. The degree of unsaturation of the fatty acid profile of barley increases significantly under the consistent influence of an ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field and water deficiency. Thus, electromagnetic treatment is able to partially compensate for the effects of oxidative stress on barley.

Assessment of the effect of electromagnetic radiation from cell phones using the Daphnia magna test object

Currently, the problem of electromagnetic safety of the population has acquired social significance and is an urgent issue for the modern development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as for other countries of the world. Environmental exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phones has rapidly increased in the last two decades and this trend is expected to continue. Modern technologies have become a source of electromagnetic pollution generated electromagnetic fields. Due to the increase in technogenic processes and their influence on the Earth’s electromagnetic field, the topic of the influence of electromagnetic radiation on living organisms has been increasingly studied. All sources of electromagnetic fields, as a rule, are a source of complex electromagnetic radiation that affects plants, animals, insects and soil flora in the zone of influence of electromagnetic fields. The effect of the electromagnetic fields emitted from cell phones on living organisms and human health have become one of the most important topics for research because cell phones are widely used all over the world. In many countries, cellular communication occupies a special place among anthropogenic sources of electromagnetic radiation. A cell phone is a small-sized transceiver operating in the 900/1800 MHz range, which refers to damaging environmental factors. The influence of electromagnetic radiation of cell phones on the abundance of Daphnia magna was investigated. Radiation effects are clearly evident in the toxicology study with Samsung Galaxy J7 and Vivo V 20 cell phones. During the experiment, the radiation of these models of cell phones was established, and the abundance under the influence of Vivo V 20 was higher than under the influence of Samsung Galaxy J7, but lower than in the control group. Key words: electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic fields, cell phone, Daphnia culture, amount, hydrobionts.

Scaling control of gasketed plate heat exchanger by using very low frequency electromagnetic resonance fields

This paper deals with the influence of a low-intensity electromagnetic field of very low frequencies on the calcium carbonate deposit, in a gasketed plate heat exchanger by using a continuous circulation of water with a high scaling power at the laboratory level.To estimate the effect of this physical treatment, the results of two experimental campaigns are presented in this document. The first campaign shows the reduction effect on the quantity deposited in the exchanger in grams per day per unit area by the determination of Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations with ICP-OES after dissolving the deposit in 2 % nitric acid solution, and by monitoring the carbonate with TOC analyzer. The 2nd set of experiments aims to study the impact of electromagnetic field on polymorphism of calcium carbonate by RAMAN spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the elemental composition was determined by the EDX probe.Then, chemical speciation has been modeled with the geochemical Phreeqc software. The obtained results have then been compared to the experimental measurements in the presence or not of an electromagnetic treatment.Overall, in all the tested conditions, a reduction of 78.8 % of the deposit was observed without modification of the polymorphism of calcium carbonate.

Influence of Schumann Range Electromagnetic Fields on Components of Plant Redox Metabolism in Wheat and Peas.

The Schumann Resonances (ScR) are Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic resonances in the Earth-ionosphere cavity excited by global lightning discharges. ScR are the part of electromagnetic field (EMF) of Earth. The influence of ScR on biological systems is still insufficiently understood. The purpose of the study is to characterize the possible role of the plant cell redox metabolism regulating system in the Schumann Resonances EMF perception. Activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, their isoenzyme structure, content of malondialdehyde, composition of polar lipids in leaf extracts of wheat and pea plants treated with short-time (30 min) and long-time (18 days) ELF EMF with a frequency of 7.8 Hz, 14.3 Hz, 20.8 Hz have been investigated. Short-time exposure ELF EMF caused more pronounced bio effects than long-time exposure. Wheat catalase turned out to be the most sensitive parameter to magnetic fields. It is assumed that the change in the activity of wheat catalase after a short-term ELF EMF may be associated with the ability of this enzyme to perceive the action of a weak EMF through calcium calmodulin and/or cryptochromic signaling systems.

The influence of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency on the male reproductive system

Introduction. The safety of exposure to the population of a growing number of sources of electromagnetic fields everywhere, both in work and at home, has become a public health problem. This article presents the results of research on the study of the potentially adverse effects of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency on the reproductive system of personnel of energy supply institutions. The aim of the study is to explore the possible adverse effects of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency on the male reproductive system. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 144 employees engaged in the repair and operation of power grid facilities and 40 employees who are not exposed to electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency. To assess laboratory parameters, blood samples were taken, followed by determination of the levels of total testosterone, free testosterone and globulin binding sex hormones. Results. The subjects of the main group revealed a high incidence of prostatic hyperplasia and chronic prostatitis. The employees of the main group had lower concentrations of sex hormones (p<0.05) in relation to similar indicators of the control group. A negative correlation was revealed between the levels of total, free testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin with experience (r=-0.36 p=0.009; r=-0.264 p=0.06; r=-0.349 p=0.01, respectively). Limitations of the study. The study is limited by the number of highly trained workers exposed to electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the negative impact of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency on the reproductive system of employees engaged in the repair and operation of power grid facilities. With an increase in the length of service of employees, a decrease in the concentration of globulin binding sex hormones, total and free testosterone was found. Among workers exposed to electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency, a high prevalence of prostate pathologies was revealed.

Protein expression changes during phagocytosis influenced by low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure

The aim of our studies was to determine the influence of a low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) on the phagocytosis of latex beads (LBs) and the expression level of proteins/genes in the human monocytic macrophage Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cell line in in vitro conditions. Before phagocytosis assay cells were pre-stimulated with infectious agents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), or the proliferatory agent phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and then exposed to EMF (30 mT, 7 Hz, 3 h). The expression of cytoplasmic proteins like iPLA, cPLA, iNOS, NLR3/4, and Hsp70 involved in the immune response pathways to phagocytosed particles were evaluated with the usage of the Western blot analysis. mRNA encoding the iNOS protein was detected by reverse transcription PCR method. The most meaningful changes were observed for PLA2 and NLC4 proteins level and between iNOS protein expression and mRNA encoding iNOS protein amount. The EMF exposure exerted the strongest effect on iNOS encoding mRNA in cells pre-stimulated with LPS or SEB and phagocytosing LBs. The influence of EMF on phagocytosis was experimentally proved for the first time and there is a need for further investigations in term of the usage of EMF as a prospect, supportive therapy.

Влияние низкочастотного электромагнитного поля на анатомическое строение стебля однолетних сеянцев сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) и дуба красного (Quercus rubra L.)

The study determines the influence of a low-frequency electromagnetic field on the anatomical stem structure of the annual seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with a root-balled system, carried out in the nursery of the Ustyansky forest seed breeding center of the Arkhangelsk region, and annual seedlings of red oak (Quercus rubra L. ) carried out in the forest nursery of the Donskoy forestry of the Forestry Department of the Lipetsk region, when planting in open ground with the introduction of a hydrogel. Experimental samples of annual seedlings of Scots pine and red oak were treated with a low-frequency electromagnetic field using the patented POSEP technology (pre-sowing treatment of seeds and seedlings with an electromagnetic field) using the «Rost-Active» device (low-frequency generator). Untreated seedlings served as control. Conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Forest Plantations, Breeding and Dendrology of the BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), histometric analyzes of experimental and control samples of annual seedlings of Scots pine and red oak showed a positive effect of a low-frequency electromagnetic field on the anatomical characteristics of their stems.

Ehrenfest theorem in relativistic quantum theory* *The B W Shore Memorial Issue of the Journal of Physics B.

Ehrenfest theorem is extended to the relativistic quantum theory of charged particles, moving under the influence of a classical electromagnetic field. In order to extend the original Ehrenfest result to the relativistic domain we bypassed the problems with the relativistic position operator by deriving directly Newton’s second law. Our approach is characterized by its universality. The detailed form of the wave equation is not needed. All that is required is the existence of the conserved electric four-current built from the particle wave function. The derivation is based on the conservation laws for the energy and momentum.

Research of the Industrial Electromagnetic Field Influence on Heart State in Oil and Gas Workers of the Russian Federation

The data on the identification of differences in the reactions of the human cardiovascular system in the North of the Russian Federation in response to the action of industrial electromagnetic fields are presented. The reactions of female male organisms depending on the influence of the studied fields and age-related changes have been established.

Fatty acids composition in blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes in operators of the Vessel Traffic Control Center

Introduction. The quantitative composition of fatty acids in blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes was studied in operators at the Vladivostok Vessel Traffic Control Center (VTCC), who during working hours are subject to the influence of electromagnetic fields (EMF) (radars and navigation devices, communication equipment), high sensory loads (perception of signals on the computer screen and their assessment). Materials and methods. A survey of 2 groups of male volunteers at the age of 35-45 years was carried out. Group 1 (control) included ten healthy donors of comparable age; Group 2 included 10 operators working at the Vessel Traffic Center, who gave informed consent to participate when undergoing a routine medical examination. Results. The effect of EMF on the body of operators was shown to be accompanied by a pronounced pattern of changes in adaptive reactions typical for exposure to acute stress. This was manifested in a decrease in the lymphocytes and eosinophils content when compared to the control values with a simultaneous increase in the intoxication index. Based on the study of the quantitative characteristics of fatty acids in blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes it was noted an increase in saturated fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, stearic) and a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids (arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic). The change in the molecular types of phospholipids was noted to decrease in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-6 and n-3 families as a part of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Palmitoyl- and stearoyl-containing phospholipids are formed and arachidonoyl-, eicosapentanoyl- and docosahexanoyl-containing components of biomembranes decline. The composition of phospholipids includes saturated fatty acids (myristic, palmitic and stearic) and fatty acids of the n-9 family (monoenic fatty acids). Calculation of the ratio of fatty acids 20:4 n-6/18:2 n-6 showed its significant decrease in total lipids of blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes, which characterizes Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase and elongase, which leads to a lack of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic fatty acids. Limitations. Metabolic reactions (subject), 20 examined (quantitative parameter), pilot operators (qualitative indicator), standards of the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 (moral and cultural). Conclusion. The impact of EMF on the body of operators of the VTCC in Vladivostok is accompanied by the formation of a stress reaction. Based on the research of the quantitative characteristics of fatty acids in blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes it was noted a violation of metabolic reactions in the exchange of fatty acids. This led to the appearance of new molecular types of phospholipids due to disturbances in the metabolic transformations of fatty acids.