Infinite Shear Rate Viscosity Research Articles

Inclined magnetized infinite shear rate viscosity of non-Newtonian tetra hybrid nanofluid in stenosed artery with non-uniform heat sink/source

Abstract Many scholars performed the analysis by using the non-Newtonian fluids based on the nano and hybrid nano particles in blood arteries to investigate the heat transport for cure in several diseases. These performances are presented to investigate the blood flow behaviour with extended form of the novel tetra hybrid Das and Tiwari nanofluid system attached by the Carreau fluid. The assessment of energy transport has been achieved based on the thermal radiation, heat source/sink, Joule heating, and viscous dissipation. The obtained partial differential equation from physical problem is transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the similarity variables. Furthermore, system of nonlinear ODEs attached with boundary conditions are transported into the system of first-order ODEs with initial conditions. For the numerical solution of obtained ODEs, the numerical solutions have been performed based on the RK method. The numerical results are plotted through figures, tables, and statistical graphs. Magnetic forces and inclined magnetic effects are caused to reduce velocity of blood. Temperature of blood within the arteries is increased by increasing the parameter of thermal radiation.

Entropy generation and Arrhenius activation energy mechanisms in EMHD radiative Carreau nanofluid flow due to Brownian motion and thermophoresis with infinite shear rate viscosity: solar energy application and regression analysis

This research is devoted to analyzing the radiative electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) Carreau nanofluid flow, emphasising entropy generation and activation energy under unique conditions, specifically, with infinite shear rate viscosity and binary chemical reactions occurring over a nonlinear stretching sheet. Also, this innovative nanofluid model explicitly includes the vital role of Brownian motion and thermophoresis phenomenon, which are significant factors governing the movement and distribution of nanoparticles in the base fluid. A binary chemical reaction has also been taken in this study since it affects the mass transfer rates between different species present in the nanofluid. The ODEs were solved by using the bvp4c routine to effectively tackle momentum, temperature, and concentration equations. It is noted that velocity distribution increases with enhancement in the Weissenberg parameter, whereas the reverse trend is seen on the temperature profile. With an escalation of the viscosity ratio parameter, the velocity profile increases. Further, multiple linear regression has been utilised to statistically scrutinised the effect of pertinent parameters on skin friction coefficient, heat transfer rate, and Sherwood number by considering 64 sets of values of Nr in the range [0.3,0.6]. Nb & Nt in the range [0.1, 0.4] & [0.2, 0.3], respectively, to obtain the regression model.

The significance of ternary hybrid cross bio-nanofluid model in expanding/contracting cylinder with inclined magnetic field

Significance: Bio-nanofluids have achieved rapid attention due to their potential and vital role in various fields like biotechnology and energy, as well as in medicine such as in drug delivery, imaging, providing scaffolds for tissue engineering, and providing suitable environments for cell growth, as well as being used as coolants in various energy systems, wastewater treatment, and delivery of nutrients to plants.Objective: The present study proposes a novel mathematical model for the ternary hybrid cross bio-nanofluid model to analyse the behaviour of blood that passes through a stenosed artery under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. The model considers the effect of expanding/contracting cylinder, infinite shear rate viscosity, and bio-nanofluids.Methodology: The considered model of the problem is bounded in the form of governing equations such as PDEs. These PDEs are transformed into ODEs with the help of similarity transformations and then solved numerically with the help of the bvp4c method.Findings: The results show that the flow rate and velocity decrease as the inclination angle of the magnetic field increases. Additionally, research has found that the presence of nanoparticles in the bio-nanofluid has a significant impact on the velocity and flow rate. Therefore, the flow rate decreases, in general, as the stenosis becomes more severe.Advantages of the study: The results obtained from this study may provide insights into the behaviour of blood flow in stenosed arteries and may be useful in the design of medical devices and therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Impact of Xanthan Gum on Stability and Rheological Properties of Multiple Emulsions Type Water-in-Oil-in-Water

The aim of this study was to improve the stability and rheological properties of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsions containing 30 wt% paraffin oil, and 4 wt% polyglycerol-3-polycinoleate (PGPR) as a lipophilic surfactant. This was done by adding different concentrations of xanthan gum (GX) and the hydrophilic surfactants (Polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate (Tween® 80), poloxamer 407(Lutrol® F127) using the emulsification in a two-steps process. The stability of the W/O/W multiple emulsions was analyzed over one-month storage period using physicochemical and rheological measurements. An excellent structure appeared with 0.175 wt% of xanthan gum in the outer aqueous phase and 1 wt% of Tween® 80. The modified Cross model was successfully applied to fit the flow curves of multiple W/O/W emulsions at different concentrations of xanthan gum. The incorporation of xanthan gum in a concentration range of 0.05-0.175 wt% induced an increase in the yield stress, in the zero-shear rate viscosity, and in the infinite shear rate viscosity of the multiple emulsions. The study also showed that adding xanthan gum in a concentration range of 0.05-0.175 wt% to W/O/W emulsions caused an increase in the viscosity of the system in the Newtonian regime and viscoelastic behavior.

Impact of Sodium Tripolyphosphate on the Rheological Properties of Dams Sediments and Friction Factor during Hydraulic Dredging of Dams

The transporting of sediments across watershed systems and their placement in reservoirs causes expensive issues for the operators of dams in many different nations throughout the world. In addition to the reservoir's functional capacity steadily decreasing as sediment settles in it, silt removal is a sensitive and challenging process that frequently necessitates taking the reservoir out of service, which is practically unachievable in dry and semi-arid regions. De-silting by hydraulic dredging has recently become a necessity to increase their longevity. But during this operation there are load loss exists so it is necessary to find solutions to reduce it. The present paper revealed that use the Sodium Tripolyphosphate as a reducing agent of the friction factor during the hydraulic dredging of dams. To carry out this study, a rheumatic characterization of dams sediments and dams sediments -sodium tripolyphosphate mixtures was carried out using a torque controlled rheometer (Discovery Hybrid Rheometer DHR2 from TA instrument). The flow curves as a function of dose of sodium tripolyphosphate added to dam sediments were analysed by the modified Cross model. It is clearly shown, in this work, when the quantity of sodium tripolyphosphate is less than of 0.4 % causes a decrease in the yield stress, the zero shear rate viscosity (lower Newtonian plateau) and the infinite shear rate viscosity (upper Newtonian plateau). However, when dose of sodium tripolyphosphate is greater than the critical dose, the the yield stress, the zero shear rate viscosity (lower Newtonian plateau) and the infinite shear rate viscosity (upper Newtonian plateau) are increased. As a result, this study find that the increase on thixotropic behavior of dams sediments is occurred by the addition of sodium tripolyphosphate in a concentration ranging between 0.2 wt% and 0.8 wt% to 40 wt% and 45 wt% of dams sediments. The study also demonstrated that adding of 0.4 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate to 40 wt% and 45 wt% dam sediments decreased the friction factor by 96% and 25% respectively.

Entropy optimization and response surface methodology of blood hybrid nanofluid flow through composite stenosis artery with magnetized nanoparticles (Au-Ta) for drug delivery application

Entropy creation by a blood-hybrid nanofluid flow with gold-tantalum nanoparticles in a tilted cylindrical artery with composite stenosis under the influence of Joule heating, body acceleration, and thermal radiation is the focus of this research. Using the Sisko fluid model, the non-Newtonian behaviour of blood is investigated. The finite difference (FD) approach is used to solve the equations of motion and entropy for a system subject to certain constraints. The optimal heat transfer rate with respect to radiation, Hartmann number, and nanoparticle volume fraction is calculated using a response surface technique and sensitivity analysis. The impacts of significant parameters such as Hartmann number, angle parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, body acceleration amplitude, radiation, and Reynolds number on the velocity, temperature, entropy generation, flow rate, shear stress of wall, and heat transfer rate are exhibited via the graphs and tables. Present results disclose that the flow rate profile increase by improving the Womersley number and the opposite nature is noticed in nanoparticle volume fraction. The total entropy generation reduces by improving radiation. The Hartmann number expose a positive sensitivity for all level of nanoparticle volume fraction. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the radiation and nanoparticle volume fraction showed a negative sensitivity for all magnetic field levels. It is seen that the presence of hybrid nanoparticles in the bloodstream leads to a more substantial reduction in the axial velocity of blood compared to Sisko blood. An increase in the volume fraction results in a noticeable decrease in the volumetric flow rate in the axial direction, while higher values of infinite shear rate viscosity lead to a significant reduction in the magnitude of the blood flow pattern. The blood temperature exhibits a linear increase with respect to the volume fraction of hybrid nanoparticles. Specifically, utilizing a hybrid nanofluid with a volume fraction of 3% leads to a 2.01316% higher temperature compared to the base fluid (blood). Similarly, a 5% volume fraction corresponds to a temperature increase of 3.45093%.

Infinite Shear Rate Viscosity Model of Cross Fluid Flow Containing Nanoparticles and Motile Gyrotactic Microorganisms Over 3-D Cylinder

Cross nanofluidic model yields extraordinary results and describes the behaviour of nanofluid at very high and very low shear rate. In this paper infinite shear rate viscosity model of cross nanofluid flow containing nanoparticles and motile gyrotactic microorganisms over three dimensional horizontal cylinder is taken. In this attempt simultaneous utilization of nanoparticles along with motile microorganisms attached mathematical model of cross fluid and three-dimensional geometry of cylinder has been carried out as an innovation. For the inspection of velocity profile of cross nanofluid inclined magnetic field is scrutinized. Temperature of Cross nanofluid and its concentration is also carried out with several facts. Mass flux and heat flux values for motile microorganisms and nanoparticles are calculated through statistical graphs. This attempt reveals that small variation of Brownian motion parameter gives lower concentration of nanoparticle about 80.21% and 78.44% reduction is found in concentration of motile microorganisms.

Influence of motile gyrotactic microorganisms over cylindrical geometry attached Cross fluid flow mathematical model

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine the impact of motile gyrotactic microorganisms on three‐dimensional (3D) cylindrical geometry attached to a Cross‐fluid flow mathematical model. The motion of the microorganisms is assumed to be governed by gyrotaxis, which is the tendency of the organisms to orient and swim perpendicular to fluid flow gradients. The study will incorporate the effects of the Cross fluid flow model with infinite shear rate viscosity, 3D cylinder geometry, and microorganism behavior on the resulting distribution and concentration of the organisms. For the inspection of the velocity profile of the Cross nanofluid, the inclined magnetic field is scrutinized. The temperature of Cross nanofluid and its concentration is also studied with several facts. Mass flux and heat flux values for motile microorganisms and nanoparticles are calculated through statistical graphs. Brownian motion parameter gives a lower concentration of nanoparticles, about 81.19% and 77.53% reduction is found in the concentration of motile microorganisms. These results will provide insights into the behavior of these microorganisms in natural and engineered environments, as well as their potential applications in fields such as biotechnology, environmental science, and medicine.

Impact of the Xanthan Gum on Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Slip of Ceramic

The slips intended for the manufacture of ceramics must have rheological properties well-defined in order to bring together the qualities required for the casting step (good fluidity for feeding the molds easily settles while generating a regular settling of the dough and for the dehydration phase of the dough in the mold a setting time relatively short is required to have a sufficient refinement which allows demolding both easy and fast). Many additives have added in slip of ceramic in order to improve their rheological and mechanical properties. In this study, we investigated the impact of xanthan gum on rheological and mechanical properties of ceramic slip. The modified Cross model is used to fit the stationary flow curves of ceramic slip at different concentration of xanthan added. The addition of xanthan gum in a concentration range between 0 and 0.4 wt % in slip of ceramic induces the increase in the yield stress, zero shear rate viscosity and the infinite shear rate viscosity of the slip of ceramic. Generally speaking, the presence of xanthan gum modifies the rheological and mechanical properties of the slip. On the other hand, the study shows that an increase in flexural strength with the increase of the amount of xanthan gum in the ceramic slip. All the experimental results indicate an increasing tendency of the interactions between the particles of the raw materials with the highest concentration of xanthan gum.

Heterogeneous/homogeneous and inclined magnetic aspect of infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau fluid with nanoscale heat transport

The study of the inclined flow along with the heterogeneous/homogeneous reactions in the fluid has been widely used in many industrial and engineering applications, such as petrochemical, pharmaceutical, materials science, heat exchanger design, fluid flow through porous media, etc. The purpose of this study is to present an infinite shear rate viscosity model using the inclined Carreau fluid with nanoscale heat transport. The model considers the effect of inclined angle on the fluid’s viscosity and the transfer of heat at the nanoscale. The result shows that the viscosity of the fluid decreases by increasing the inclination angle and the coefficient of heat transfer also increases with the inclination. The model can be used to predict the viscosity and heat transfer fluid’s behavior in the inclined systems that is widely used in the industrial and engineering applications. The results provide a better understanding of the inclined flow behavior of fluids and the heat transfer at the nanoscale, which can be useful in heat exchanger design, fluid flow through porous media, etc. Greater Infinite shear rate viscosity parameter gives the higher magnitude of Carreau fluid velocity. Moreover, inclined magnetic field reduces the velocity due to Lorentz force. Two numerical schemes are used to solve the model, BVP4C and Shooting.

Infinite shear rate viscosity of cross model over Riga plate with entropy generation and melting process: A numerical Keller box approach

This paper presents the effects of cross fluid model associated with entropy generation and melt process. The Cross-fluid viscosity model based on the infinite shear rate effect is taken with attaching Riga plate. Physical interpretation generates a system of partial differential equations (PDEs), and further, these are processed with similarity variables to attain a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The numerical experiments are presented compared and discussed. Here, the numerical Keller Box approach is utilized. The obtained results indicate that the melt process loses the temperature and entropy generation enlarges the temperature visibility.

Cross electromagnetic nanofluid flow examination with infinite shear rate viscosity and melting heat through Skan-Falkner wedge

Abstract This demonstration of study focalizes the melting transport and inclined magnetizing effect of cross fluid with infinite shear rate viscosity along the Skan-Falkner wedge. Transport of energy analysis is brought through the melting process and velocity distribution is numerically achieved under the influence of the inclined magnetic dipole effect. Moreover, this study brings out the numerical effect of the process of thermophoresis diffusion and Brownian motion. The infinite shear rate of viscosity model of cross fluid reveals the set of partial differential equations (PDEs). Similarity transformation of variables converts the PDEs system into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Furthermore, a numerical bvp4c process is imposed on these resultant ODEs for the pursuit of a numerical solution. From the debate, it is concluded that melting process cases boost the velocity of fluid and velocity ratio parameter. The augmentation of the minimum value of energy needed to activate or energize the molecules or atoms to activate the chemical reaction boosts the concentricity.

Effect of Williamson parameter on Cu-water Williamson nanofluid over a vertical plate

The objective of this study is to analyze the augmentation of thermal conductivity and mass transfer rate over a semi-infinite vertical plate on account of nanoparticles suspended in Williamson fluid. Tiwari and Das model for nanofluids involving infinite shear rate viscosity is used in the current review to explain the heat transfer performance of nanofluids. The finite difference method of an implicit type is used to solve the governing dimensionless equations numerically. Graphical illustrations demonstrate the effects of the Williamson parameter on momentum, energy, and concentration, the behavior of skin friction coefficient and heat, and mass transfer rate. According to the present study, higher values of the Williamson parameter increases the skin friction, heat and mass transfer rate.The visualization of velocity, temperature, and concentration in the contour plots are also depicted. It is observed that Weissenberg number increases the velocity temperature and concentration of fluid flow near the plate significantly.

Characterization of Cross nanofluid based on infinite shear rate viscosity with inclination of magnetic dipole over a three‐dimensional bidirectional stretching sheet

AbstractFluid viscosity manages several engineering processes and keeps its leading role in lubrication models, biological models, polymer processes, melt solutions, colloidal suspensions, and mayonnaise. The cross viscosity model is the most appropriate model, which interprets the key features of non‐Newtonian fluids in the region of shear‐thinning/thickening when very high and very low shear rates are applied. This article focuses on the mathematical model of three‐dimensional Cross nanofluid and interprets its aspect of infinite shear rate of viscosity over the expanding sheet. Velocity is studied through placing inclined magnetic dipole effect, transportation phenomenon is brought by considering the radiation effects, heat generation and chemical process is engaged for concentration of nanoparticles. The geometry of this mathematical model is expanding the stretching sheet with velocity slip, and convective heat conditions are associated. Similarity variables are being utilized for conversion dimensional mathematical model into nondimensional one. For the pursuit of numerical solution of the system of nondimensional mathematical model, the numerical technique Bvp4c is utilized. Furthermore, Matlab graphs and statistical analysis for all physical parameters and physical quantities are shown in the result and debate section. Due to inclination of angle Lorentz force producing in increasing manner, hence flow is opposed, and velocity of fluid is dropped for () and () and for increasing value of n index, the velocity of fluid flow is decreasing.

Melting and entropy generation of infinite shear rate viscosity Carreau model over Riga plate with erratic thickness: a numerical Keller Box approach

The current investigations are related to presenting the characteristics of flow at very high and low shear rates along with the melting process over the geometry of Riga plate. Carreau nanofluid is most appropriate mathematical viscosity model that can deal with low and high shear rates. Transportation of energy is discussed through melting conditions, thermal radiation and viscous dissipation. In this study, electromagnetic hydrodynamic aspect of nanofluid is discussed by using electromagnetic surface (Riga plate) and this system generates Lorentz force parallel to wall that keeps its effect on velocity of nanofluid. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are moved in ordinary differential equations and numerical approach named Keller Box and Shooting scheme are exercised to fetch the numerical solution of the system. An augmentation in Q leads to an enrichment in an external magnetic field. The velocity as well as momentum boundary layer booms by the virtue of an improvement in an external magnetic field. The viscosity of the nanofluid increases by the virtue of a magnification in β. Nanofluid becomes more radiated and absorbs more heat as a result of magnification in Nr, which escalates the heat transfer rate.

Aspects of infinite shear rate viscosity and heat transport of magnetized Carreau nanofluid

Aspects of infinite shear rate viscosity and heat transport of magnetized Carreau nanofluid

Inclined magnetic dipole and nanoscale energy exchange with infinite shear rate viscosity of 3D radiative cross nanofluid

AbstractWorking nanoliquids are used in bionomical concerns and to enhance the energy in the refrigeration system. The unique thermophysical characteristics of nanoliquids made nanoscience interesting and beneficial for fields of engineering, medical, and industry with real applications, like, food science, employing nanoparticles to deliver drugs, food microbiology, detection of foodborne pathogens, detection of foodborne pathogens, electronic device cooling, controlling fusion, magnetic cell separation, cancer therapeutics, nanocryosurgery, and so forth. The aim of this study is to deliver a broad analysis on nanoscale energy exchange and inclined magnetic dipole impact with the mathematical model of cross nanofluid. Scrutiny of movement of fluid is made by placing the magnetic dipole and buoyancy force. Transport of energy is investigated by thermal radiation, nonuniform heat sink–source while checking of mass transfer facts of activation energy and the chemical process is taken into consideration. Moreover, the nanostructured concepts of thermophoresis and Brownian movement along with zero‐mass flux constraint are also utilized for the comprehensiveness of this study. Mathematical relations of cross nanofluid are processed with similarity transformation, shooting methodology, and bvp4c Matlab procedure is rehearsed to get the numerical results of this attempt.

Inclined magnetized and energy transportation aspect of infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau nanofluid with multiple features over wedge geometry

AbstractHeat transference in fluid mechanism has a deep influence in real‐life applications like hot‐mix paving, recovery of energy, concrete heating, heat spacing, refineries, distillation, autoclaves, reactors, air conditioning, and so forth. In this attempt, findings related to energy exchange with features of infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau nanofluid by placing inclined magnetic dipole over the wedge are made. The main role in the transportation of heat is exercised by incorporating facts of radiation, nonuniform heat sink source, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and chemical reaction. The mathematical system of the infinite shear rate viscosity model of Carreau nanofluid gives a system of partial differential equations and furthermore, these are moved into ordinary differential equations. A numerical procedure is applied via shooting/bvp4c to obtain numerical results. Inclined magnetic dipole gives a lower velocity of Carreau nanofluid. Due to the relaxation time factor velocity of Carreau fluid gets down. A* causes to generate the heat internally, so due to this, temperature increases rapidly. The increasing rate of temperature is found very high for the growing Hartmann number. The rate of mass transport becomes low for gradual increment in the parameter of thermophoresis, wedge angle, and Prandtl. Inclined magnetic dipole gives a lower velocity of Carreau nanofluid. Due to the relaxation time factor, the velocity of the Carreau fluid goes down. The absence and presence of magnetic numbers have no influence on velocity, temperature, and concentration files for Le, Rd, θf, γ, We, β, Pr, Nb, Nt, A.

Interpretation of infinite shear rate viscosity and a nonuniform heat sink/source on a 3D radiative cross nanofluid with buoyancy assisting/opposing flow

AbstractWith respect to bionomical concerns and energy security, the performance of refrigeration systems should be enriched, which can be done by improving the characteristics of working liquids. Nanoliquids have attracted interest in the fields of engineering and industry due to their prominent thermophysical characteristics. Researchers have used nanoliquids as working liquids and noticed significant fluctuations in thermal execution. In this study, our prime aim was to study the impact of thermal radiation and varying thermal conductivity on a cross‐nanofuid with the addition of a nonuniform heat sink–source, chemical process, and activation energy (AE) together with effects of assisting and opposing buoyancy. Furthermore, the relationship of zero‐mass flux together with the mechanism of thermophoresis and Brownian motion is considered. Traditionalistic transformations gave the ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which are further dealt with the approach of the Shooting Scheme to change the boundary value problem (BVP) into an initial value problem (IVP) and a numerical comparison is made with the Matlab solver package bvp4c. Bvp4c is based upon a collocation scheme, which yields numeric outcomes for nonlinear ODEs with IVP. Impacts of the involved parameters on mass transfer profile, heat, and momentum fields are shown through graphs. Mass transfer of the cross nanofluid increases with increasing values of AE parameter. Values of physical quantities like drag forces, rate of transport of heat and mass in the case of assisting/opposing flow are tabulated. The drag force magnitudes are greater for enhancing values of M, a, and n, while on the other hand, the opposing tendency is seen for We1 and We2. The magnitude of the rate of heat transport (Nusselt number) falls for greater values of m, σ, δ, and Nt, but in contrast, it accelerates for E, Pr, and n.

Bioconvection flow of magnetized Carreau nanofluid under the influence of slip over a wedge with motile microorganisms

This article addresses the time-dependent flow of magnetized rheological Carreau nanoliquid conveying microorganisms over a moving wedge with velocity slip and thermal radiation features. Carreau fluid is auspicious to depict several types of physical issues because this fluid model has the capability of revealing the rheology of multiple specific fluids such as fluids with brief-chain suspension particles, fluid crystals, detergents, and blood in animals and humans. The mathematical formulation is developed by combining the impact of infinite shear rate viscosity. The physical aspects for both static and moving are discussed in detail. At first, relevant similarity transformations are employed to obtain dimensionless form of equations, and then renovated equations have been solved numerically by employing bvp4c via MATLAB based on shooting technique. Both the numerical and graphical results against physical quantities, such as velocity temperature, nanoparticles concentration and density of gyrotactic microorganism, are observed under the influence of physical parameters.