Results A total of 416 (99.0%) hospitals responded, including 115 (27.6%) tertiary hospitals, 131 (31.5%) second-class hospitals, 39 (9.4%) traditional Chinese Medicine hospitals, 38 (9.1%) women’s and children’s hospitals, 30 (7.2%) private hospitals, 50 (12.0%) community health service centers and 13 (3.2%) other type hospitals. 94.7% of the participating hospitals have set up an infection control team in outpatient settings, 94.5% of them had an surveillance and control program, but only 75.5% outpatient settings arranged an link nurse to do infection control job. In terms of hand hygiene, 372 (89.4%) hospitals had hand sinks and 343 (82.5%) provided alcohol based hand rub in every clinic rooms. Only 76 (18.3%) outpatient settings offered hand hygiene equipment for patients in the waiting room. For personal protective equipment, 290 (69.7%) hospitals provided gloves for health care workers (HCWs), and only 270 (64.9%) and 181 (43.5%) settings afforded surgical mask and respirator for health care workers respectively. 400 (96.2%) hospitals gave HCWs education or training on infection control. Observe hand hygiene compliance (348, 83.7%) and supervise disinfection of health care surroundings (330, 79.3%) were the main infection control activity carried out in these settings, only a few settings did another infection work such as surveillance for surgical site infection (9.6%) or catheter related bloodstream infection (9.1%).