Industry Affiliation Research Articles

Управління інвестиційною діяльністю підприємств ІТ-сфери

The article characterizes the priority importance of IT enterprises for the country’s economy and strengthening of this importance as it ensures adaptation and response to globalization changes and hybrid aggression. The importance of increasing the number of IT enterprises and the corresponding intensification of the State-based investment support is emphasized. According to this, the purpose of the article is highlighted, which provides for the scientific substantiation of the conceptual provisions of the investment management system of IT enterprises and the development of its mechanism, with the separation of individual groups of its elements in accordance with industry affiliation. An analysis of the latest publications of scientists is carried out and some approaches to the formation of a system for managing the investment activities of IT enterprises are allocated, in particular, administrative-protectionist, economic-liberal, based on security policy, etc. The requirements for managing the investment activities of IT enterprises are presented. A mechanism for managing the investment activities of IT enterprises has been developed, the elements of which are: subjects (internal, external); objects (technologies, innovations, human capital, products, business image, research and development, integration and cooperation relations); principles (payback, efficiency, dynamism, minimal risk, development, adaptability); functions (analysis, planning, organization, control, regulation, motivation); methods (organizational, technological, information, economic, legal, integration); tasks (attraction, accumulation, efficient distribution, expansion, social responsibility of investments); instruments (institualization. integration, partnership, differentiation, modernizing, incentives). It is concluded that the effectiveness of investment activity in the IT sphere depends on many factors and it is quite difficult to predict their impact, which requires enterprises to improve the management system.

Совершенствование показателей транспортного потока в структуре интегрированной логистической системы

The authors reveal the concept of an integrated logistics system. On the example of a machine-building enterprise (medium-scale production), the transport subsystem of providing logistics is considered in detail, depending on the type of production, the scale and geographical location of the enterprise, the industry affiliation of the enterprise, the type, weight and dimensions of the products, methods of selling products (directly or through suppliers), the use of the method of logical outsourcing, the sale of products within the country or its export deliveries. For finding reserves when building service and infrastructure flows, the following criteria of the transport flow are determined and investigated: the criterion of the turnover of the car, the criterion of the average daily mileage of the car, the criterion of the static load of the car, the criterion of the dynamic load of the car, the criterion of the performance of the car, the car traffic. Based on the improvement of the structural scheme of the integrated logistics system, the authors propose a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of logistics systems according to the indicators, the calculated accumulation intervals before and after the implementation of the integrated logistics system are given. The approach proposed by the authors allows considering an integrated logistics system in a complex to improve the quality of management activities and finding reserves in the organization of the transport flow.

Типізація корпоративних культур міжнародних компаній на основі методу ОСАІ

The article’s purpose is the implementation of typification of corporate cultures of well-known international companies on the basis of the method of Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OSAI). It is substantiated that the processes of formation and development of the corporate culture of an international company should take place taking into account the factor of the country of origin and industry affiliation of the company, which will help determine rational ways of optimizing them. The OSAI method as a tool for assessing corporate cultures of companies, which allows identifying the type and state of company culture by building a framework structure of competing values, is considered. A characterization of types of culture according to the OSAI method, which include adhocratic, clan, hierarchical, and market culture, is provided. Based on the logical assumption about the need for an equivalent combination of characteristics of different types of culture (i.e. paying attention to all aspects – technologies, employees, leadership, structuring of activities), the type of corporate culture of leading international companies has been determined and the priorities of its development are substantiated, taking into account industry specifics. Using the OCAI online resource, the results of the analysis are visualized in the form of framework constructions of competing values of companies. The characterizations of activity of international companies are systematized and generalized in order to determine common features between companies with the same type of corporate culture. Attention is focused on the fact that the results of using the OSAI method can serve as the basis for developing recommendations for improving corporate culture, taking into account the specifics of activities, goals and regional space, including for Ukrainian companies seeking to explore international markets.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ МОРСЬКИХ ПРИБЕРЕЖНИХ СПОЛУЧЕНЬ

Urban transport infrastructure considers the specifics of geographical location, climatic zones, specifics of industrial development, attraction to the areas of concentration and distribution of freight and passenger flows. The National transport strategy of Ukraine for the period up to year 2030 highlights the need to expand the availability of transport services by implementing regional mobility projects based on the use of advanced technologies. Urban traffic includes various kinds of transport, which provides passenger and cargo transportation in cities, settlements and suburban areas. Urban transport is categorized to passenger, commercial and special-purpose vehicles. Passenger transport is a public transport, which includes street and off-street types. In this research, the focus is concentrated on a systemic image of the location and potential use of coastal marine passenger transport as a variant of off-street public transport types. On the basis of statistical data, the assessment of the main factors that characterize the needs for mass passenger transportation is given. It is shown that: according to the population density indicator Odessa takes the first place among the largest cities of Ukraine; with a relatively stable number of population there is an intensive increase in its mobility. As for the factor of the industry affiliation, the Odessa Commercial Sea Port has been the city-forming enterprise since its foundation up to the present time, and sea transport plays a decisive role in the life of the entire City. The general structure of the urban passenger transport in its composition of street and off-street types of public and private use at the present time is detailed. It is defined that the existing problems in the transport situation, as well as the fully open market of coastal maritime connections create conditions for the initiation and implementation of appropriate projects. Such projects targeting is aimed at: reducing the traffic intensity on the main routes of traditional street types of urban transport; ensuring fast and comfortable passenger transportation; improving the environmental situation by taking part of the traffic flow outside of city, limits and cleaner gasoline engines atmosphere emissions, as well as with the maintaining and enhancing the tourist component.Keywords: urban transport, off-street transport, maritime coastal connections, project management.

Учение о дефектах в области права и его отношение к правовой категории «защита»

It has been revealed that a legal defect acts as an anti-value or destruction of legal reality. Some theoretical and legal aspects of the study of defects in the field of law via the prism of industry affiliation are presented, including the defects of various industry-specific legal institutions, legal implementation and enforcement. The work focuses on the theoretical and methodological study of the problems of legal defects in the legal and technical sphere in the field of the theory of state and law. Attention is paid to the relationship between the theoretical-legal and sectoral nature of the concept of “defect of law” and the legal category of “defense”. The theoretical and legal significance of doctrines in the field of defects of law is revealed, which is expressed in the methodological depth of knowledge of the social and legal nature of the concept of “defects in law”. It is concluded that defects in the law are negative phenomena of legal and state reality, but despite the nature and affiliation of the defect of law, it violates and sometimes complicates the normal, stable process of legal regulation of legal relations. It has been established that the unstable process of legal regulation gives rise to negative and impossible processes for the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms or the need for excessive legal actions aimed at restoring violated rights and freedoms, which in turn allows us to draw a conclusion about the relationship of legal defects to the legal category of “defense”. It is concluded that the legal category of “defense” is the highest legal value in the “person-society-state” legal model. The quintessential significance of the legal category of “defense” is predetermined by the threats and challenges of global change. Therefore, it is recommended to rethink the legal category “defense” in the categorical apparatus of jurisprudence.

Аналіз ресурсних та інвестиційно-інноваційних факторів розвитку галузевих структур

The article is aimed at solving the actual problem of studying the factors of internal and external environment of functioning of sectoral structures. The authors analyzed an aggregate of various indicators for assessing the factors of development of sectoral structures using methods of multivariate statistical analysis. The completeness of the theoretical description of objects and objectivity of conclusions during the study of the problem of factor analysis of functioning of the mechanism of management of sectoral structures has been achieved. The problem of analysis of resource and investment-innovation factors of development of sectoral structures using factor analysis is examined. It is proposed to quantify the efficiency of functioning of the mechanism of enterprise management to use indicators of assessment of resource and investment-innovation potentials, which should be considered as indicators of outputs of the production system, transformed and obtained as a result of the influence of the management mechanism. The analysis was carried out in two directions: resource and investment-innovation. A large number of indicators characterizing the state of the internal and external environment of enterprises were processed, and using the methods of factor analysis, they were replaced with a certain set of uncorrelated parameters, which allowed to reduce the dimension of the studied totality of data. The state of resource and investment-innovation potentials of enterprises was considered as a result of the influence of the management mechanism, taking into account industry affiliation, that is, separately for enterprises of mechanical engineering, light or food industries. As result of the analysis, the following general factors were formed for light industry enterprises: economic direction of capital use; efficiency of use of the labor and material resources; efficiency of use of the equity and borrowed capital; efficiency of use of the borrowed funds. For food industry enterprises, the following factors are formed: the economic direction of capital use; efficiency of the financial and production activities; the ability of the management mechanism to provide a stable amount of profit; efficiency of use of fixed assets. Within the terms of investment and innovation direction for mechanical engineering and light industry enterprises, the most important factor is that which can be interpreted as the efficiency of research activities, the less important factor – the direction of using own investments for innovation; of the smallest importance is the direction of using investment resources for the production of innovative products.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НЕФИНАНСОВОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СУБЪЕКТОВ

To date, the issue of effective assessment of the contribution of economic entities to the economy and ecology of the country has become acute in Russia. The idea of forming non-financial reports that disclose information about the environmental situation of an organization, its social responsibility and sustainable development for business continuity and a thrifty attitude to nature and ecology, allows us to determine the responsibility of economic entities for their activities affecting all spheres of public life, including the state of the environment and climate change. The article reveals the need to develop legal regulation of the formation of non-financial reporting with a detailed elaboration of uniform principles and methods of reporting, standards for the composition and content of information disclosed in non-financial reporting, indicators for mandatory reflection, depending on the industry affiliation of companies, strategic orientation and orientation for the future. The accumulated experience of Russian and foreign companies in reflecting information characterizing economic, environmental and social performance indicators in the field of sustainable development has determined the vector of further development of harmonization of financial and non-financial reporting, which allows collecting, evaluating and analyzing all the characteristics of the organization in aggregate and increasing the reliability of information about the economic entity as a whole.

Brand-Book in the Brand Management System: its Structure, Meaning and Role

The article discusses the role and importance of the brand book in the branding system. The structure of the brand book and its key elements are considered separately. The types of brand-books are considered - logobook, standard, guideline and complex brand-book. The ways of developing brand-books are given, depending on the scale and industry affiliation of the company. The brand-books of the world’s leading companies are considered separately. The corporate style and identity are analyzed in the context of the brand book.

Флагманские проекты в стратегиях развития российских муниципалитетов: по материалам конкурса муниципальных стратегий 2022

In November 2022, within the framework of the 20th All-Russian Forum “Strategic Planning in Regions and Cities of Russia: Strategies of Turbulent Era”, a competition “Implemented Strategies: From Idea to Execution” was held. One of the nominations in the framework of the competition was “The Best Flagship Project.” 75 projects submitted to the Competition by 33 municipalities from 19 regions of Russia became the object of this research. Various characteristics of the participants’ flagship projects were studied and analyzed in four thematic groups: development of flagship project ideas, financing of flagship projects, the novelty of flagship projects, industry affiliation of flagship projects. Data obtained on the dominant trends in this area are as follows: 56% of the projects are new to their municipalities; 48% of the projects were offered by administrations of the municipalities or regional authorities; 37% of the projects appeared because of the development of strategic documents; 26 projects indicated the federal budget as one of the sources of funding. It was also noted that an extremely small number of projects were proposed by members of the public and only 49% of the cases under analysis indicated extra-budgetary sources of funding. During the study, two hypotheses were tested: 1) the high cost of the project requires the involvement of more types of funding sources; 2) the high cost of the project is accompanied by long deadlines for its implementation. Based on the material of the contest participants, the first hypothesis was unconfirmed, the second was conditionally confirmed. A new definition of flagship project was proposed as a major project or a group of complementary physical or institutional transformation projects aimed at the achievement of the strategic goal of community development or solution of crucial local problems and creating potential for new significant initiatives.

ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE

The article analyzes the number of active business entities by industry affiliation and territorial location over the past 10 years. The trends of entrepreneurial activity specific to each industry by territorial characteristics and for the country’s economy as a whole have been determined. The analysis was carried out taking into account the data of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor program. Today, entrepreneurship is becoming the main activity of the majority of the country’s population, and it is the connecting link between society and the state that allows domestic economic entities to overcome barriers to access to world markets in order to maintain the national economy in conditions of martial law. The purpose of the article is to analyze and assess the current state of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine based on a study of the number of active business entities by branch of the national economy in terms of territorial units, and based on the data obtained to make a forecast of the number of business entities as of the end of 2023. Thus, the total growth in the quantity of business entities in the reporting year 2022 compared to the previous year 2021 was 659027 units, the growth in the quantity of individual entrepreneurs was 49061 units or 3.1%, and the growth in the quantity of legal entities was 609926 or 164,4%. There was no significant drop in the value of the entrepreneurial activity indicator by types of economic activity. As a result of the analysis, it can be noted that the level of entrepreneurial activity of business entities not only has a tendency to increase, but an anticipatory growth relative to the last 10 years of the study. And this is in the conditions of war. Moreover, the growth in the number of business entities that we observe during the reporting year of 2022 can only be explained by the action of the law of synergy. After all, when forecasting the number of business entities for 2022, for example, based on the extrapolation method, it was possible to focus on the growth of the total number of business entities to 1981752 units or their increase in absolute terms by 25432 units. Instead, we have an increase of 659,027 units or 33.7%. However, we assume that by the end of 2023, the growth in the level of entrepreneurial activity will fall within the limits established by the extrapolation method, and will amount to 1.3% growth.

ON THE ISSUE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LABOR AND CORPORATE STATUS OF THE COMPANY'S CHIEF EXECUTIVE AS A SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE OF A LEGAL ENTITY

The article examines the legal status of a company's chief executive. The ambiguity of the company's chief executive's status, taking into account the nature and goals of establishing the organization, creates a variety of means to regulate the chief executive's status by sector specific legislation. The issue of the relationship between the labor and corporate status of the company's chief executive is especially important, as well as that of criteria for similarity and differentiation of statuses. The answer to this problem lies in the essence of corporate organizations. The purpose of the study is to trace the similarity and difference between the labor and corporate status of a company's chief executive in a corporate organization based on the analysis of regulatory legal acts of various industry affiliation and to propose criteria for their correlation. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical approach, systematic, logical methods, formal legal and other methods of scientific cognition. The authors note that the study of the issue leads to the conclusion that the labor status of a company's chief executive in a corporate organization is dependent on the corporation. The article proposes similarity criteria and differentiation criteria of the labor and corporate statuses of a company's chief executive in a corporate organization: similarity of both statuses – labor and corporate – lies only in general orientation of the nature of the activity carried out by the company's chief executive: they are the executive body in the organization; the criterion of differentiation: the existence of an employment contract of the company's chief executive . At the same time, while remaining in the corporate status, the company's chief executive is obliged to adhere to the norms of labor legislation in relations with the employees.

Implementation of Lean Manufacturing Methods in Russian Companies

Implementation of lean manufacturing methods is widespread globally. These methods have demonstrated high potential of implementation and gained popularity in many developed, developing and transition economies. Despite the popularity, so far there are few empirical research devoted to the implementation of lean manufacturing in Russia, and this paper partially fills this gap.Aim. The main purpose of the paper is to analyze the spread of lean manufacturing methods, find out the most frequently used practices, describe the industry affiliation of companies and identify problems and obstacles in the implementation of lean manufacturing methods and techniques.Tasks. To achieve the objectives, the quantitative empirical study was conducted on the base of open secondary sources.Methods. The information about the lean projects of 201 companies of different industries was gathered. The data was processed, coded and analyzed.Results. Among findings, we identified that 5S and VSM were the most implementing practices, most of the companies were practicing 3 to 7 lean practices at the same time. Low employee engagement, unfavorable organizational culture and problems of scaling the pilot projects are the most frequent problems in implementing of lean practices.Conclusions. The introduction of lean manufacturing methods remains one of the main direction of production processes improving and labor productivity increasing on Russian enterprises. The study has limitations inherent to research that are based on secondary sources.

Dışsal Ortaklık Ve Yenilik Hedefleri: Sektörün Aracılık Etkisi

This study examines the effect of external partnering on innovation performance of emerging economy firms by considering different conditional factors. Firstly, the effect of innovative intent is examined to understand how the link between external partnering and innovation performance evolves. Secondly, the interaction effect between external partnering and innovative intention is further examined depending on the industry affiliation. This research argues that firms with less innovative intention leverage more from external partnering than firms with more innovative intention. Moreover, this research argues that the link between external partnering and innovative intent becomes positive for manufacturing firms and negative for service firms. Based on a dataset of 2370 firms from different industries in Turkey, this research finds support for the hypotheses.

САНКЦИИ – ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ, ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ ДЛЯ КОМПАНИЙ ТОПЛИВНО-ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

The article discusses the impact of sanctions on various sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation and provides a comparative analysis of the main performance indicators of enterprises affected by the sanctions and the consequences of the restrictions imposed, divided into industry affiliation and the main counteracting measures in order to preserve the stability of the business, exclude bankruptcy and even increase profits by building new relationships with new foreign players.

About the Branch Affiliation of Legal Relations on State Compulsory Insurance of Certain Categories of Civil Servants (Questions of Theory)

The system of social protection of law enforcement officers includes various types of security provided to individuals depending on a specific life situation. One of the types of security is the state compulsory insurance of certain categories of civil servants, which include employees of internal affairs bodies. In practice, there are controversial issues about the industry affiliation of legal relations for this type of insurance, since legal relations are based on contracts (contracts). The purpose and objective of the research is to study the nature and essence of two types of material security: compulsory social insurance, which is included in the subject of social security law, and state social insurance for certain categories of employees, whose industry affiliation is currently uncertain. The paper uses the method of structural and functional analysis, according to which the grounds for providing payments were investigated, and a comparative analysis of the structure of payments was carried out. As the direct subject of the study, payments for mandatory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases and payments for state mandatory insurance for certain categories of civil servants are indicated, since these types of security are similar in their goals and objectives. The paper also conducted a study of the functions of compulsory social insurance and state compulsory insurance, and their functional similarity was revealed. As a result of the study, it was revealed that it is not necessary to attach decisive importance to the contractual method of regulation in relation to the nature of payments under state compulsory insurance and to draw a conclusion about the private-law nature of these relations. The results of the study are confirmed by the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The constitutional court revealed the existence of a public obligation of the state at the heart of state compulsory insurance, which significantly changes the nature of these legal relations. In addition, in its functions, state compulsory insurance is in many ways similar to mandatory social insurance.

Environmental disclosure and its relation to waste performance

Purpose This paper aims to examine the association between environmental disclosure and waste performance. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a sample of S&P 500 firms over a nine-year period from 2010 to 2018. The pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), logistic, propensity score matching (PSM) and instrumental variable-generalized method of moments regressions analyses have been used to examine the data. Findings The findings show a significant positive relationship between waste performance and environmental disclosure, suggesting that firms with superior waste performance tend to disclose more environmental information. Further, the authors distinguish between “hard” and “soft” environmental disclosures and find that the effect of waste performance is consistently positive and significant for each type. The observed positive and significant association of waste performance with environmental disclosure remains unchanged, regardless of the industry affiliation of firms, although firms from industries that are less environmentally sensitive provide a slightly higher level of environmental disclosure. The authors also explore possible channels that may explain the association between waste performance and environmental disclosure and find that litigation risk and cash holdings positively moderate the association. The finding remains robust to a number of alternative estimation approaches. Originality/value Overall, the authors present important evidence that waste performance is an important indicator of environmental disclosure. The findings are useful for corporations and stakeholders and have important implications around the globe as the authors continue to grapple with the ongoing issue of waste.

On the procedure for submitting employees for state awards

The encouragement of workers for work is a power vested in any employer. It is labor legislation that regulates the grounds and procedure for the implementation of the employer's power in this part. At the same time, labor legislation also provides for special incentives, such as submission to state awards. The peculiarity of this type of incentive is that relations are no longer regulated only by labor legislation, but also by norms of a different industry affiliation, which inevitably creates problems of legal regulation that require permission.

Law and Business Ethics Education for Tourism and Hospitality “Knowledge Development and Awareness Dissemination”

A tourist experience has been found to be formulated out of the sequence of events and encounters lived over the experience duration. But rarely has the element of legal knowledge and awareness been considered as a formulating/shaping factor. There is no such thing as a tourist bubble in an authentic tourism experience. Actions and interactions between tourists and the host community sometimes would lead to frictions, in most cases these frictions are initiated by culture differences, communications problems, and at a distance not so far comes the legal perceptions differences and in many cases ignorance. Hence, stands out the role of tourism affiliates in protecting tourists, host community, and country’s assets and heritage. The study aims to develop the legal knowledge of tourism and hospitality students and industry affiliates. To achieve the study aim the following objectives were proposed: • To assess the current status of law/legislations courses offered to tourism and hospitality students • To develop the law/legislations course syllabus and teaching approach • To propose a means of law/legislations knowledge dissemination among industry affiliates Keywords: education, Egypt, ethics, hospitality, law, legislations, Oman, tourism

Contents and determinants of CSR website communication toward international stakeholders: evidence from Chinese MNCs

With Chinese companies increasingly transforming into powerful social and economic institutions in the global market, they have begun to face progressive pressure to sustain communication with international stakeholders in a socially responsible fashion. This study represents a preliminary attempt to explore Chinese MNCs’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication to their international audiences through corporate websites, as well as its company-level determinants. The CSR information posed by 149 leading Chinese MNCs on their official English websites was analyzed in terms of their visibility, extent, and themes, and the impact of four company-level factors on the communication was tested. The findings indicated that Chinese MNCs generally presented CSR information in a visible and readily accessible way, yet the extent of the communication was relatively low. The communication focused on issues related to consumers and stakeholders, followed by the community and employees, with inadequate addressing of suppliers. The positive impact of company-level determinants (i.e. degree of internationalization, overseas experience of top management, and industry affiliation to polluting sectors) on communication was confirmed. Theoretical and practical implications for online CSR communication in the global context are subsequently discussed.

Teacher Experiences in a Community-Based Rural Partnership: Recognizing Community Assets

The purpose of this research study is to understand teacher experiences throughout their second year of engagement in the Virginia Tech Partnering with Educators and Engineers in Rural Schools partnership. This partnership is an assets-based community partnership in a rural environment between middle school teachers, regional industry, and university affiliates that is focused on implementing recurrent, hands-on, culturally relevant engineering activities for middle school students. This qualitative study uses constant comparative methodology informed by grounded theory on teacher interviews to capture both teacher experiences in the partnership as well as teacher-identified assets in their classrooms and school communities. Using the sensitizing concepts of pedagogical content knowledge, self-efficacy, and the Interconnected Model of Teacher Growth, this study found that while teachers experienced the program differently depending on their contextual setting of their schools, all teachers expressed shifts in their recognition of and value placed on community assets. Findings also suggest that teachers greatly value involving industry and university partners in the classroom to highlight the applications of engineering in their communities and support a reimagination of engineering conceptions and careers for both students and teachers. Teachers reported that the hands-on, team-based, culturally relevant engineering activities engaged learners and showcased individual strengths in ways they otherwise do not see exhibited in their traditional curriculum. The partnership ultimately allowed teachers to identify how assets in schools’ rural communities, beyond those previously identified within their schools, could aid them in further developing and implementing engineering activities. With teachers serving as role models for students, it is important to support teachers’ reimagination of engineering conceptions and integration into the classroom to ultimately increase students’ engineering engagement. Our findings highlight the value of community-based approaches in supporting engineering integration in the classroom and describe the assets that teachers note as being the most significant in their community.