Industrial Workshop Research Articles

Should I Evaluate My Augmented Reality System in an Industrial Environment? Investigating the Effects of Classroom and Shop Floor Settings on Guided Assembly.

Numerous prior studies have investigated real-time assembly instructions using Augmented Reality (AR). However, most such experiments were conducted in laboratory settings with simplistic assembly tasks, failing to represent real-world industrial conditions. To ascertain to what extent results obtained in a laboratory environment may differ from studies in actual industrial environments, we carried out a user study with 32 manufacturing apprentices. We compared assembly task execution results in two settings, a classroom and an industrial workshop environment. To facilitate the experiments, we developed AR-guided manual assembly systems for simple and more complex assets. Our findings reveal a significantly improved task performance in the industrial workshop, reflected in faster task completion times, fewer errors, and subjectively perceived higher flow. This contradicted participants' subjective ratings, as they expected to perform better in the classroom environment. Our results suggest that the actual manufacturing environment is critical in evaluating AR systems for real-world industrial applications.

Structure design and mechanism research of combined cyclone plate separator based on particle separation

Although there has been much research on the gas–solid separation equipment of cyclone plate, there is still a lot of research space for miniaturization, low resistance, and easy maintenance. In this paper, parallel gas–solid separation equipment is designed based on computational fluid dynamics and experimental verification methods to address the practical problems faced by the fresh air system of the enterprise plant. The internal flow field of the separator is studied by numerical simulation, and the structural parameters of the separator are optimized according to the performance indicators provided by the enterprise. The optimal structure that meets the performance requirements and has the best effect is determined. Subsequently, the actual performance of the optimal structure was verified by wind tunnel experiments, and the deviation between the experimental results and the numerical simulation results was compared. The results show that increasing the number of blades, adjusting the blade angle, and increasing the height of the outer cylinder are beneficial in improving the internal flow field of the separator. Among them, the blade angle significantly affects the tangential velocity and axial velocity of the separator. When these three parameters are increased, the filtration efficiency increases first and then decreases. Finally, when the number of blades is 8, the blade angle is 50°, and the height of the outer cylinder is 0.63 m, the separation efficiency is the highest, and the pressure drop is the lowest. This structure satisfies all performance indicators. The experimental results show that the minimum filtration efficiency is 92.4%, and the maximum pressure drop does not exceed 500 Pa. Compared with the numerical simulation results, the experimental value is 0.29% lower, which shows that the structure has good separation performance and has a significant reference value for the fresh air system of the industrial workshop.

Leakage identification and correlation coefficient method for industrial workshop production process combining with computational fluid dynamics

Identifying leakage sources in industrial factory production is crucial to improving air quality, ensuring people’s health and safety and preventing safety accidents. In this study, a method for leakage source identification in industrial factories combining with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and correlation coefficient was proposed and validated. The study first experimentally validated the numerical methods, which were fundamental to the leakage identification method. Then impacts of leakage sources, sensor errors and number of sensors on the source identification results were evaluated. The results showed that the identification accuracy could be significantly improved by refining the step size of the coefficient a r in this method. When the number of leakage sources was unknown, the accuracy of this method in identifying the number and location of leakages was 93.5%. The computation time spent on source identification depended on the maximum number of leakage sources. Using four sensors with errors were enough to identify the number of unknown leakage sources. The number of leakage sources did not exceed three at the same time. Overall, coupled CFD and correlation coefficients method could effectively identify the number, location and intensity of leakages.

Primary return air or all fresh air? A novel method for air source designing of heat pump desiccant wheel systems

Hybrid desiccant wheel systems are widely adopted for low humidity control in industrial field. The clarification of process and regeneration air management is required to achieve energy saving. The all-fresh air dehumidification and primary return air dehumidification are compared for a high-polymer desiccant wheel and heat pump system. The system simulation model was established and validated by field test results of a low humidity industrial workshop. Firstly, the fresh air flowrate and air stream pattern are analyzed and optimized, for achieving low annual energy consumption. Secondly, the system power of the optimized fresh air mode and primary return air mode were compared for different outdoor air temperature, outdoor air humidity and indoor humidity requirement. At last, energy saving rate of all fresh air dehumidification mode was analyzed for five typical climate zones in China. It was found that the optimized fresh air flowrate numerically equals to the summation of regeneration air flowrate and the positive pressure required air flowrate. With the optimized fresh air flowrate, 20.4% of the annual energy can be saved compared with primary return air system. Outdoor air conditions were divided into three zones on psychrometric chart, and the boundaries are related to indoor temperature and humidity ratio. Fresh air is energy efficient for high temperature high humidity and low temperature low humidity conditions. By using fresh air dehumidification mode, the energy saving rate can reach 69.6% for severe cold region. Primary return air dehumidification mode is suitable for HSCW and HSWW region for indoor relative humidity of 40%, and 41.8% of the energy can be saved.

Study on the optimal layout of roof vents and rooftop photovoltaic of the industrial workshop

Roof vents are crucial for facilitating natural ventilation within industrial workshops. However, their substantial size and height can limit available roof space and create extensive shadow areas, thereby impeding the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems on industrial roofs. This study quantitatively assesses the influence of roof vent positioning, morphology, and roof architecture on the natural ventilation efficiency of workshops with varying indoor heat sources. Subsequently, the study evaluates how different vent configurations affect the installable area for rooftop solar panels. Findings suggest that shifting from traditional roof ridge vents directly above a heat source to north-side vents inclined towards the roof can marginally decrease the ventilation flow rate by approximately 5 %, translating to a minor temperature rise of around 0.46 °C within the occupied zone. Nonetheless, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) thermal comfort indices remain consistent across scenarios. Notably, adopting north-side vents, either flush with the roof or inclined, can enhance the annual energy yield of the rooftop PV system by 15.49 % and 22.67 %, respectively, under equivalent solar irradiation. Thus, strategic adjustments to vent positioning, form, and roof design can substantially boost the photovoltaic system's power output without compromising the workshop's natural ventilation performance.

A transition approach for reuse and repair of manufactured products

AbstractThe landscape of reuse and repair (R&R) activities for manufactured products is vibrant: new European laws, research projects, local initiatives. Our aim is to capture the current and future challenges of the field through an industrial workshop held at the ICED23 conference. A collective reflection was conducted with three French stakeholders: a Product Responsibility Organization, a social and solidarity organization, and a private company producing water-driven dosing pumps. The study results in a multi-level perspective on the R&R value chain and four R&R future scenarios.

Re-Design Modern Industrial Workshop Table with Total Deformation Analysis and Stress Test

Re-Design Modern Industrial Workshop Table with Total Deformation Analysis and Stress Test

A framework for enabling metaverse for sustainable manufacturing

Newly introduced technologies often require time for adoption and integration into manufacturing environments, for several reasons including technological maturity, adoption costs, and skills gaps. The inclusion of sustainability as a new requirement for both customers and producers adds further complexity to the equation. As metaverse technology became available, it became logical to establish a set of requirements to harness its new potential and create a sustainability-oriented framework for seamless integration into modern smart manufacturing environments. Against this background, the current work introduces a framework aimed at harnessing the potential of the metaverse to enhance manufacturing sustainability. As a case study, an industrial workshop was analysed and evaluated using the proposed framework. The findings help create a future plan for leveraging the use of the metaverse and prioritising its requirements.

Obstacle Avoidance for Automated Guided Vehicles in Real-World Workshops Using the Grid Method and Deep Learning

An automated guided vehicle (AGV) obstacle avoidance system based on the grid method and deep learning algorithm is proposed, aiming at the complex and dynamic environment in the industrial workshop of a tobacco company. The deep learning object detection is used to detect obstacles in real-time for the AGV, and feasible paths are generated by the grid method, which ultimately finds an AGV obstacle avoidance solution in complex dynamic environments. The experimental results showed that the proposed system can effectively identify and avoid obstacles in a simulated tobacco production workshop environment, resulting in the average obstacle avoidance success rate of 98.67%. The transportation efficiency of cigarette factories is significantly improved with the proposed system, reducing the average execution time of handing tasks by 27.29%. This paper expects to provide a reliable and efficient solution for AGV obstacle avoidance in real-world industrial workshops.

Transformational leadership and its influence on the organizational development of the industrial workshop of the electromechanical company of Ate, 2022

This research focuses on how the absence of a transformational leader in a company affects the ability of human capital to apply the procedures and processes of organizational development. For this reason, the objective of determining the influence that transformational leadership has on the organizational development of the Ate electromechanical company was set. Regarding the methodology, a causal correlational scope was established with a quantitative approach, which surveyed 83 collaborators from the project area. Obtaining as a result that transformational leadership has a significant influence on the organizational development of the industrial workshop with a level of bilateral significance of 0,001. In short, there is a correlation between the two variables, which makes it possible to demonstrate the importance of the association between transformational leadership and organizational development in favor of project area personnel and business stability.

Multi-Objective Optimization Method of Industrial Workshop Layout from the Perspective of Low Carbon

A crucial measure to accelerate the low-carbon transformation of enterprises in the industrial sector involves stringent control over carbon emissions attributed to logistics and transportation activities. In this study, a multi-objective workshop layout optimization model is developed, aiming to minimize logistics cost per unit area and carbon emissions, and maximize the non-logistics relationship. The objective is to mitigate avoidable transportation-related carbon emissions during enterprise operations, while facilitating the co-development of the enterprise’s economy and environment. The model is solved utilizing an enhanced NSGA-II algorithm, with the initial solution set optimized through a combination of system layout design method, dynamic adaptive crossover, and variation strategies. Additionally, the distribution function is introduced to enhance the elite retention strategy and boost the algorithm’s search rate. By using an actual case study, the usefulness of the enhanced algorithm is demonstrated, and the plant’s initial low-carbon layout is realized in order to advance the enterprises’ sustainable growth.

Numerical investigation on particle removal and energy consumption of supplied and recirculated ventilation for industrial workshop

In the weld back-cleaning process, many high-concentration pollutants are produced, which can lead to health problems after prolonged exposure. In this study, a novel recirculating stratified ventilation system is proposed that combines supply and recirculating ventilation. It reduces indoor particulate concentration and exhausts air volume based on the air gouging process in a casting workshop. The influences of the supplied and recirculated air velocities on the particle removal efficiency and energy consumption were investigated and compared with those of a traditional exhaust system. The computational fluid dynamics-discrete phase model coupling method was adopted. First, the feasibility of the model was verified using previously published experimental data. The concentration of the unsteady particles was then simulated with different supplied and recirculated air velocities in the ventilation system. The particles were dispersed owing to the influence of the heat-source temperature. With an increasing supplied air velocity and constant recirculated air velocity, the average particle concentration was decreased. The results show that the particle removal efficiency can be improved by approximately 100%, and 90% of the energy can be saved to achieve the same removal efficiency as a traditional ceiling exhaust system.

КУРС НА «ЗЕЛЕНУЮ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЮ» В КИТАЕ

China has become a modern industrial workshop of the world for the production of products for many countries. The growth in the production of goods for both domestic consumption and export exacerbates the problem of carbon emissions. The article is devoted to the mechanisms of implementation of the course on the neutralization of hydrocarbon emissions in the People’s Republic of China.

Micro-Vibration Signal Denoising Algorithm of Spectral Morphology Fitting Based on Variational Mode Decomposition

Environmental micro-vibration has a significant impact on the proper functioning of semiconductor production and testing equipment such as the Czochralski growth furnace, polishing machine, photoetching machine, scanning electron microscope, etc. Low-frequency micro vibration has a significant influence on the normal operation of high-precision machining and testing equipment, and even causes irreversible damage to the equipment. Therefore, the micro-vibration test has important theoretical significance and engineering value for guiding the vibration isolation design of an electronic industrial workshop and ensuring the stable operation of various precision equipment in the workshop. As the observed acceleration signal is affected by noise introduced by the acceleration sensor itself, the signal processing circuit, the external power supply and interference from environmental factors, direct integration operations can lead to problems such as baseline drift and signal distortion in the calculation results. Aiming at the problem of noise interference in the micro-vibration measurement process, this paper proposed a micro-vibration signal denoising algorithm of spectral morphology fitting based on variational mode decomposition. The observed acceleration signal is decomposed into several orders of finite bandwidth intrinsic mode function components. The asymmetric Gaussian mixture model is used to complete the fitting of the spectral curves of each order of intrinsic mode function components. We can obtain the relevant parameters of the asymmetric Gaussian mixture model curves to complete the division of the effective information frequency band and finally achieve the denoising of the observed acceleration signal. Finally, the algorithm of this paper is compared with traditional denoising algorithms through numerical simulation examples and comparative experiments on denoising effects. The results show that the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy and anti-noise ability.

Error analysis of human inhalation exposure simulation in industrial workshop

The evaluation of inhalation exposure of workers in industrial production environments is significant. Current studies on inhalation exposure in industrial workshops are quite limited and lack experimental data validation. This study established a scaled experimental cabin and performed inhalation exposure experiments. Subsequently, the validated numerical model was used to study the influences of different factors on human inhalation exposure prediction. The factors emphasize the meshing strategy, the manikin geometry and the thermal plume of the manikin. The results show that the polyhedron grid offers a greater advantage and that the required grids and computing time represent only 20% and 33% of the tetrahedral grid. CFD results are more consistent with human inhalation exposure experimental results when a 5% mean computational error is used as a criterion to verify grid independence. The inhalation exposure computational results of different manikin models differed by only about 2%. And compared with the 3D scanned model, the humanlike multi-box and single cuboid models are easier to build and consume fewer resources. Therefore, using humanlike multi-box and single cuboid models to compute human inhalation exposure in the industrial workshop is more recommended. The Ri number evaluates the intensity of the human thermal plume. The computational errors between the isothermal and thermal manikin models are 1.76%, 5.14%, 9.18%, and 14.95% for inhalation exposures with 20, 15, 10 and 5 ACH (air changes per hour), respectively, and the corresponding Ri numbers are 0.09, 0.16, 0.34, and 1.41.The computational error between the isothermal and thermal manikin models is less than 10% when the ACH is larger than 10. This study can provide a reference for the prediction of inhalation exposure of workers in industrial workshops.

Investigating the short-term cognitive abilities under local strong thermal radiation through EEG measurement

Local Strong Thermal Radiant environment is widely present in industrial buildings, resulting in reduced cognitive abilities and thermal comfort for workers who perform monitoring operations. However, the effect is difficult to quantify, especially for jobs that are near hyperthermal radiant sources. In this study, ten young male subjects were directly exposed to five different radiation panel temperatures for 60 min, i.e., 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 °C, at 0.8 m from the radiant panel. Subjects were asked to perform cognitive tasks and subjective questionnaires and monitor 16 channels of EEG signals in a chamber. Based on the assessment of the EEG characteristics, the impacts of Local Strong Thermal Radiant on cognitive abilities and EEG are investigated. The results indicated that cognitive abilities were improved while the radiant temperature was below 250 °C. As the radiation temperature increases, the normalized power of β activity and α activity increases, and the vigilance and frontal EEG asymmetry increase. When it reaches 300 °C, all these features decrease and show an inverted “U” shape. The Local Strong Thermal Radiant arouses β activity and motivation for a short period and enhances cognitive abilities. The thermal comfort scores and thermal sensation scores rise with increasing temperature. Several international standards and literature can verify the findings of this study. This study's findings provided a foundation for assessing the cognitive abilities and inducing the mental states of hyperthermal radiant environment young workers to advance effective safety management in the industrial workshop.

Analysis of Architectural Design Ideas and Details of Modern Industrial Workshop

Analysis of Architectural Design Ideas and Details of Modern Industrial Workshop

Энергосбережение в производстве аммофоса на основе эффективного использования тепловых ВЭР-технологий

Background. The need to increase the production facilities of the key sectors of the Russian economy arises as the consequences of the covid condition and is justified by social, economic and food crises. Guarantees of food security are provided due to stability and development of national facilities of the agro-industrial complex. Thus, on the legislative level a strategy to develop chemical networks has been developed. Also, a plan to develop mineral production in the agricultural sector has been made. The plan is to be carried out based on the best available technologies when redesign and install new facilities that ensure the efficient use of fuel and energy resources. In addition, it is necessary to work out scientific and technical solutions based on energy-saving technologies. All the global problems and the existing tasks in the field of mineral fertilizers production determine the importance of this study, the main purpose of which is to develop energy-saving measures in the production of ammophos. Materials and methods. The subject of the study is an industrial workshop to produce compound fertilizer (ammophos). The production technology is analyzed, the sources of irrational utilization of energy are determined, and the thermal processes of the technology are studied to assess the thermodynamic efficiency. The methods of thermodynamic, economic, and environmental analysis are applied to assess the efficiency of the developed project. Results. Promising trends to improve technological processes are proposed. Also, an energy saving solution based on the utilization of secondary heat of chemical reactions has been developed. An energy-saving cogeneration system has been developed that allows generating heat and electricity. The characteristic of this solution is given. The possibility to use the obtained types of energy in production is considered. The promising outlook to implement the developed solution into production is discussed based on the methods of assessment of performance. Also, the possibility to scale this technological solution to similar industrial facilities is considered. A quantitative assessment of the environmental performance indicator (reduction of the annual volume of CO2) is given when introducing an energy-saving solution into manufacturing. Conclusions. In the future introduction of the developed energy saving measures will make it possible to improve, modernize and build new production facilities that will have different performance indicators both in terms of energy and environmental components. The use of the applied technologies can significantly improve the economic efficiency indicators not only of a specific facility, but of the entire agro-industrial complex.

Optimization Study of Sampling Device for Semi-Volatile Oil Mist in the Industrial Workshop

A large number of metalworking fluids in industrial manufacturing processes generate high-concentrations of oil mist pollution, which is a typical semi-volatile aerosol and is generally composed of liquid particles and volatile gas components. Long-term exposure to oil mist pollution brings a series of occupational diseases to workers. For the semi-volatile aerosol, the traditional filter sampling method will lead to particle volatilization, which underestimates the concentration of particles and overestimates the concentration of gas. Therefore, this study combined the advantages of the electrostatic method and the Tenax tube adsorption method, to develop a more accurate measurement technology. First, a dichotomous sampler that could efficiently separate the gas and liquid phases of aerosols was optimized through a numerical model, which was validated by literature results. Next, a test table for oil mist sampling was built with a sampler which was fabricated by 3D printing, and the performance of the sampler was evaluated. The results show that the sampling technique can separate the gas and particulate phases of the oil mist efficiently and accurately. Compared with the traditional single sampling methods, the new sampler can better determine the true concentration of oil mist.

Environmental Geochemistry and Bioavailability and Health Effects of Chromium in Topsoil and Cauliflower Plant in Kirkuk, Northern Iraq

The content of chromium in the surface soil as well as its content in cauliflower plants in Kirkuk was studied to investigate the environmental geochemistry of this element. 30 samples of surface soil were collected from inside the study area at a depth of 0-20 cm. Eight samples of cauliflower were collected from the same study area, soil and plant sampling sites were determined using a GPS device . Using ICP-MS technology we were able to analyze these samples. The results of ICP-MS showed that the average concentration of chromium in the soil samples was 78.59 mg/kg and its highest concentration was in the sample A12 (93.4 mg/kg), the increase in the concentration of chromium in the soil is due to agricultural fertilizers, irrigation with sewage water, the impact of traffic, commercial activities and industrial workshop. The mean of its concentration cauliflower samples was 3.81 mg/kg, and the highest concentration was 4.7 mg/kg in sample AQ10, the increase in the concentration of chromium in the plant is due to pollution in the soil, and the difference in these concentrations is due to the location of the sample and the properties of the soil. The plant absorbs it through the roots, then the stems, leaves,and fruits. Bioaccumulation factor value for chromium ranged with an average of 0.047 for all cauliflower samples. CF soil samples that the surface soil for this area is within a level (low pollution, CF <1) indicating the presence of pollution at a very low level, and the potential ecological risk index PRI found that all surface soil samples in the study area have (low risk level, PLI≤50), and Igeo indicates that there is no pollution (practically uncontaminated, Igeo ≤ 0). It was found that the value of THQnc for both groups of adults and children in the study area was greater than 1. The CRcancer values for both groups were greater than 1*10-4.