Russian Industrial Enterprises Research Articles

Intellectual Property Commercialization at Higher Education Institutions in the Context of Innovative Contracts Involving Interaction with Russian Industrial Enterprises

Intellectual Property Commercialization at Higher Education Institutions in the Context of Innovative Contracts Involving Interaction with Russian Industrial Enterprises

Labor relations culture management at industrial enterprises in the Orenburg Region of the Russian Federation

The labor relations culture is the foundation for industrial enterprises’ activities. The application of various methods and labor relations culture diagnostics techniques allows to get a complete picture of the role and assessment of its importance in the enterprise structure and to formulate a systematic approach to its management. The specificity of the labor relations at industrial enterprises culture managements process has been investigated and the sequence of formation and the procedure for transforming the stages of labor relations culture into an innovative type described. The authors have formed a list of control levels implementing the innovative type of labor relations culture at industrial enterprises. The leading industrial enterprises in Russia and the Orenburg region have been grouped. To assess the labor relations culture at the Orenburg region industrial enterprises, the employees were surveyed and the most significant characteristics of the indices identified, which allow to determine the employees’ behavior and improve their activities efficiency. A number of measures to improve the labor relations culture management process at the Orenburg region industrial enterprises have been proposed, since this process plays a key role in a productive and healthy labor collective formation, contributes to the production efficiency improvement and ensures sustainable development of the enterprise. The article is a continuation of “Theoretical and methodological aspects of managing the culture of labor relations of industrial enterprises” published in “Research Result. Economic Research”.

Features of state support of industrial enterprises under sanctions pressure

The article discusses the problems of the current situation and development of the Russian industrial enterprises in the context of sanctions that were imposed against Russia in 2014 and significantly increased in 2022. The subject of study is the peculiarities of state support of the country’s industry: the conducted support policy, funding, sectoral priorities, and determination of the most important directions of this assistance. The article is devoted to issues of improving state policy based on the introduced restrictions. The author also considers the activities of the mainindustrial enterprises of the Russian Federation placed under sanctions and a decrease in their performance indicators. The purpose of the work is to study measures and principles of state support of industrial companies during the period of sanctions pressure. The research methodology includes the analysis of statistical data on the volume of industrial enterprises production over the past three years, comparison of indicators, as well as the study of various sources, articles, monographs on state support during the period of sanctions. The results obtained are generalising conclusions that during this complicated period competent state policy aimed at direct assistance to key enterprises in the country is of great importance.

Digital transformation of industrial enterprises in Russia

The article examines the impact of digital transformation on the Russian business sector. Describes the widespread use of digital technologies in various industries, such as industry, construction, and retail. Examples of the use of technologies to optimize production processes are given. The importance of the development and implementation of digital technologies is noted.

Digital transformation of industrial enterprises in Russia

In this article we consider how HR processes in companies have changed or are being transformed when employees are employed remotely in key HR blocks: personnel selection (changed actions of HR specialists, managers and candidates); adaptation and training of personnel; remote support, team communication of remote employees and new forms of feedback; modern online tools for personnel management.

ВНУТРЕННИЕ ФИНАНСОВЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The article studies the financial possibilities of modernizing industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the research topic lies in the need to increase the competitiveness of industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation in a rapidly changing economic environment. Internal financial capabilities play a key role in modernizing production facilities, introducing new technologies, increasing production efficiency and improving product quality. Taking into account sanctions and changes in the global market, Russian industrial enterprises are faced with the need to update equipment, increase labor productivity and reduce costs. A study of internal financial opportunities for modernization of industrial enterprises in Russia will help identify potential for growth and determine development strategies that contribute to the sustainable development of the industry and the economy as a whole. Small, medium and large mechanical plants are considered as the object of research. The subject of the study is the economic, organizational, financial and production relations of modernization of industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to study the financial possibilities of modernizing industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation. The article proposes methodological support for studying the financial possibilities of modernizing industrial enterprises using the example of Russian mechanical plants. During the study, it was highlighted that in conditions of external restrictions and insufficient access to credit resources, industrial enterprises have the opportunity to modernize by using a mechanism to increase the share of cost in the enterprise's revenue. These opportunities depend on the volume of production of the enterprise and its diversification. This approach has a number of limitations, but in the realities of the current economic situation it can be used both by enterprises themselves and by government authorities to modernize production. The results of the study can be used for further research in the search for intra-organizational reserves for the development of enterprises.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КЛАСТЕРНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В ПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ СЕКТОРЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ РОССИИ

The study is devoted to the problems of implementing cluster policy at Russian industrial enterprises in modern unstable conditions. In particular, such problems of cluster policy implementation as the problem of insufficient financing of industrial clusters, difficulties in attracting private capital, limited deadlines set for reporting industrial cluster participants on the use of public funds for financing; the problem of imperfection of the regulatory framework for regulating cluster policy in industry are considered in detail; problems of infrastructure development of industrial clusters. Within the industrial clusters themselves, problems such as the lack of qualified personnel for cluster development, as well as the uneven distribution of benefits among cluster participants, generating distrust between them, were noted. All the identified problems often contribute to the collapse of the cluster in the short term. The article also presents possible solutions to these problems. For the successful implementation of cluster policy, an integrated approach is needed, involving the improvement of legislation, stimulating investment in clusters, infrastructure development and training of qualified personnel, which will maximize the potential of the cluster model of economic development. Taking into account the proposed recommendations can significantly reduce the risks associated with government financing of industrial clusters and partnerships within the cluster, and ensure their sustainable development.

ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ – УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ В РУКАХ ЭКСПЕРТА

The article examines the impact of artificial intelligence on the development of the modern Russian economy, industrial enterprises and companies, marketing centers and firms. The authors not only make a narrative review and analysis of the use of artificial intelligence, but also highlight its advantages and disadvantages when implemented in the domestic economy. Banks and scientific manufacturing enterprises and companies were the first to introduce artificial intelligence into their work. Users of mobile applications and systems are almost daily confronted with modern innovations in the banking sector. Today, artificial intelligence is firmly gaining its position and is widely implemented by many large enterprises and companies, as well as small firms. It’s no secret that the future of the economy, banking, insurance, medicine, education, space and other industries lies with artificial intelligence, but you need to use its benefits with great caution, taking into account all the risks.

Positive effects for Russian manufacturing enterprises from the expansion of ecosystem interactions within international digital platforms

The purpose of this study is to consider new opportunities and positive effects for Russian industrial enterprises from the use of international digital platforms to expand ecosystem interaction. Currently, this issue is unexplored, but it seems almost inevitable that its importance will increase in the coming years due to the expansion of opportunities for internationalization of the business of industrial companies through global platforms. Based on a comprehensive theoretical review and interviews with a focus group of 14 representatives of Russian companies responsible for business development, digitalization and internationalization, the study suggests a comprehensive list of positive effects for Russian enterprises from the expansion of ecosystem interactions within the framework of international digital platform models. A separate important aspect of consideration in this study is approaches to overcoming the problem of monopoly power in digital platforms and ensuring a productive balance of interests of all participants and stakeholders. By analogy with how it happened in the e-commerce sector, one can assume an increase in monopolistic behavior and an imbalance of interests of participants on digital production platforms that unite many manufacturing enterprises. An analysis of some approaches to identifying and solving this problem is proposed.

Models for Assessing the Strategic Effectiveness of Production Cooperation

The production capacity management strategy based on industrial cooperation is currently one of the most effective. At the same time, the issue of assessing the effectiveness of industrial cooperation at the level of strategic decisions regarding the management of production capacities currently has a number of unresolved issues, namely, there is no practical toolkit for its assessment that takes into account the peculiarities of the functioning of modern Russian industrial enterprises. To solve the problem, the author proposed an optimization model formed on the basis of a graph representation of a production system, including production units of industrial enterprises included in production cooperation according to a certain technological chain. The proposed optimization model includes two optimization criteria written in matrix form: production system load factor and total profit. The use of the proposed tools for assessing the strategic effectiveness of industrial cooperation will significantly improve the quality of management decisions.

Features of the Formation of the Digital Ecosystem of Industrial Enterprises in Order to Ensure Their Sustainable Development

In the article, the author analyzes the main trends of digitalization, which now have the strongest impact on the work of industrial enterprises. Since the formation of a digital ecosystem is becoming an important competitive advantage of the company, allowing to speed up communication between the company's divisions and counterparties, to increase the efficiency and speed of many business processes, the author considered it appropriate to develop a model to ensure the sustainability of business processes of an industrial enterprise in a digital ecosystem, within which binds together the two most important processes of modern transformation of economic entities - digitalization and focus on sustainable development. In the course of the research, it is proved that the creation of an efficient digital ecosystem at the enterprise significantly contributes to the implementation of the sustainable development strategy (ESG) of the enterprise and the achievement of its main goals. Against the background of sanctions restrictions, which also affected the IT industry to a considerable extent, the article assesses the problems of domestic industrial enterprises on the way to their digital transformation, as well as the possibilities of using domestic software, which are associated with financial support for such solutions from the state. The author also presents an example of algorithmization of business processes associated with reducing production costs using digital solutions on the example of a specific Russian industrial enterprise. Thus, based on the results of his research, the author comes to the conclusion about the high efficiency of the use of digital ecosystems in the structure of industrial enterprises and their unambiguously positive impact on the success of the implementation of ESG strategies.

End-to-end digitalization factors: Challenges for Russian manufacturers

Despite clear progress in digitalization, Russia significantly lags behind global leaders in the use of digital technologies, including robots, artificial intelligence and 3D printing. In this study, we use the organizational characteristics of Russian industrial companies and the role of innovation diffusion channels to explain the digitalization factors of Russian industrial enterprises. The database is grounded on the results of a sample survey of 1.7 thousand companies; empirical estimates include the construction of logit regressions. The results of the study are mixed: digitized companies are focused on the domestic market, but are receptive to technology transfer from foreign investors, examples of other Russian and foreign companies in the industry, developments of research centers in the field of robotics and artificial intelligence. The study of the relationship between digitalization and firms’ use of innovation channels has shown the importance of market incentives and flexible public innovation policy instruments. Direct government involvement as an owner in stimulating digitalization affects innovative companies using robots and 3D printing, while indirect government support measures are significant for innovative companies using artificial intelligence. This suggests that Russian companies overcome the barriers of resource constraints and organizational rigidity in different ways, and are also selectively susceptible to external incentives, which should be taken into account by the government in its policies

Activation of innovation activity and digital transformation of industrial enterprises in Russia and Belarus

The authors outlined the strategic guidelines for the innovative development of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, and showed the need to expand the Industry 4.0 technologies implementation at industrial enterprises.

Value-Based Management for Russian Industrial Enterprises in the Conditions of High Economic Volatility

Relevance. Value-Based Management is a modern effective management concept, widespread in the West companies. It’s implementation attempts at Russian industrial enterprises face top maagement the problem of the lack of sufficient research in the field of Value-based management practical application in conditions of Russian economy, which has been characterized by a high level of volatility in recent years. In addition, the specialized literature does not always correctly present the translation and interpretation of economic terms that leads to further errors in their use.Some economic categories of Value-Based Management are clarified in this study, and also the system of value factors for Russian industrial enterprise is presented. The proposed system fully reflects the current market realities of the Russian economy.The purpose is development of the Value-Based Management theoretical base and addition of a methodological approach to Value-Based Management implementation in Russian industrial enterprises.Objectives: clarification of some economic categories of Value-Based Management; compilation of the most complete list of factors affecting the value of an industrial enterprise in the Russian Federation; development of the industrial enterprise mathematical model, that is based on the proposed system of value factors.Methodology. Method of expert assessments, system analysis, and mathematical modeling were used in the study.Results. The system of value factors for Russian industrial enterprise has been developed and proposed. It is relevant in conditions of high economic volatility. Modeling of the radio-electronic industry enterprise, which is part of the state corporation, was carried out. Based on the modeling results, the factors that have the greatest impact on the enterprise activities, and the factors that are subject to maximum influence (they are risk factors for this company) for this enterprise, are identified, recommendations are given.Conclusions. The proposed value factors system can be used in strategic or operational planning of any Russian industrial enterprise. That will make possible to make adjustments to the development strategy, increasing the efficiency of managerial decisions within the framework of Value-Based Management.

КОРПОРАТИВНАЯ СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ ДЕЛОВОЙ РЕПУТАЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

Modern commercial enterprises achieve success in business not only due to competent financial decisions and marketing policy. The level of profit in recent years has been significantly influenced by the corporate social responsibility program implemented by the company. It allows you to build optimal relationships with business partners, consumers, regional authorities, investors. Due to the external and internal social policy, the company forms a favorable image in the eyes of stakeholders and improves its business reputation. The article discusses various approaches to the term "corporate social responsibility" and clarifies this concept. The significance of the connection of the corporate social responsibility program with the enterprise strategy is substantiated. The analysis of the signs of socially responsible behavior of the organization is carried out and the most significant ones are identified among them. Using the example of the rating of large Russian industrial enterprises, the influence of corporate social responsibility on the business reputation of companies is shown. The advantages that socially responsible companies receive are considered and justified taking into account foreign experience. Priority areas and projects in the field of corporate social responsibility that are relevant for Russian companies are highlighted. Activities and projects in the field of corporate social responsibility are proposed, the implementation of which will have a positive impact on the business reputation of Russian companies and will find support from stakeholders.

Prospects for implementation of risk-oriented approach in order to conduct audit of effectiveness of existing measures of state support of Russian industrial enterprises

The article conducted an analytical review of the prospects for implementing a risk-based approach in order to audit the effectiveness of existing government support measures for Russian industrial enterprises. The author argues for the relevance and significance of the research topic. A brief description of the current situation of the sectors of the Russian industry is given, the vector of measures of state support for industrial enterprises at the current stage is being specified. The thesis is formulated that due to the uncertainty of the country's economic development prospects due to geopolitical imbalances, and therefore the degree of impact of environmental factors on the domestic producer, there is a need to strengthen and/or improve the mechanism for assessing (audit) the effectiveness of existing state support measures for industrial enterprises. We are considering an alternative to integrating the element (s) of a risk-oriented approach to solve key tasks in this direction. Methodological practice-oriented recommendations on the implementation of a risk-oriented approach are proposed in order to audit (assess) the effectiveness of existing measures of state support for Russian industrial enterprises.

The relationship between robots and labour productivity: Does business scale matter?

Scholarly literature on the economic consequences of robotisation at the microeconomic level often does not take into account the pronounced digital gap between small and medium-sized businesses and large ones. In this regard, theoretical and real estimates may differ for companies of different sizes. The article studies the relationship between robotisation and labour productivity in the Russian industry in the context of size groups of companies. Methodologically, the study relies on the theory of the firm and economic theories explaining the essence of labour productivity and methods for evaluating it. The research analyses the data about 725 Russian industrial enterprises for 2017 using the methods of regression modeling. The data was obtained in the course of the fundamental research programme at the HSE University. According to the results, only small and medium-sized enterprises have a significant and reliable relationship between the introduction of robots and labour productivity. Probably due to the complexity of business processes, large businesses need deeper and more elaborate robotisation to gain labour productivity benefits. The calculations also demonstrate a negative relationship between exports and labour productivity in large companies, which contradicts the ‘classical’ ideas about the impact of export activities on the efficiency indicators. This may indicate that the high labour productivity of a considerable part of large Russian enterprises proceeds from their monopoly position in domestic markets, while formally less productive companies, which do not occupy dominant positions, appear to be competitive and motivated enough to enter foreign markets. The findings can be useful for the leadership of enterprises, especially that of SMEs, for the managerial decision-making in terms of increasing productivity, in particular, through robotisation of production.

Transformation of values of employees of an industrial enterprise based on the Shingo Model

During the transition to a highly volatile cycle of industrial development in Russia the issues of value orientations and real behavior models of the employees become especially important due to the need in further growth of labour productivity. Values, regarded as global mental attitudes, in many ways, determine the employees’ involvement and participation in the activities of the enterprise. Transformation of employees’ system of values, their increasing involvement into the company’s activities and the consequent growth of labour productivity are the basis for the growing product marginality. Within the practical and methodological study in hand the authors define the main stages of the values’ transformation and the basic components of each stage on the example of a machine-building plant. Transformation of the system of values was based on the approaches of a Japanese a practical scientist Shigeo Shingo called the Shingo values pyramid. His methodology has been adapted in the practical study on the real ground of the Russian industrial enterprise PJSC “Cryogenmash” which possesses its own deep scientific roots and academic peculiarity. The authors study the findings and adduce methodological artefacts obtained while creating the model of values and the new behavior model of an employee of an industrial enterprise. The authors suggested using the methodological approach developed within the study to create a book of values of an industrial enterprise. This approach will make it possible to increase the employees’ labour productivity by changing the model of their behavour in work situations.

The formation of a mechanism to improve the competitiveness of industrial enterprises in terms of import substitution

Under the conditions of sanctions, many Russian industrial enterprises are faced with the acute issue of increasing competitiveness. However, its solution, unfortunately, largely goes beyond the scope of the activity of the enterprise itself, its management system, due to the increasingly complex global economic situation. Also the enterprises themselves often lack effective and efficient methods contributing to the system elaboration of the problem of competitiveness increase. It is proposed to solve the problem of increasing the competitiveness of Russian industrial enterprises in conditions of import substitution with the help of the formulated mechanism. It is a set of measures, through which the controlling system affects all the resources of the enterprise, as well as the controlled properties of the external environment. With the intention of implementing its competitive advantages.

Problems of ensuring effective Russian Federation industrial enterprises innovative activities management

The transformational processes taking place in the Russian economy over the past few years necessitate the development of new ways and methods to ensure the effective management of innovative activities of industrial structures. Before starting to solve this problem, it is necessary to identify the key problems that require prompt elimination in order to create a basic platform for improving domestic innovation management. The purpose of the scientific article is to study the innovative activity of Russian and foreign industrial enterprises and identify problems that hinder innovative growth. In the process of achieving this goal, methods of statistical, portfolio, structural analysis and synthesis, generalization, analogy, and system analysis were used. Based on the results of the analysis carried out by the author, recommendations were formed to ensure effective management of the innovation activity of domestic industrial enterprises. Scientific conclusions and proposals are of high importance for the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of innovation management and acceleration of economic and innovative growth of the Russian economy. Thus, the scientific recommendations and conclusions formed in the work can serve as an information base for the management of industrial structures in determining the vector of strategic development and increasing competitiveness. A strategic guideline for further research is the development of author's recommendations for ensuring effective management of innovation activities and improving the methodological tools of innovation management using modern digital technologies.