Indonesian Ulema Council Research Articles

Ulama in Indonesia's Political Contestation: The Indonesian Ulama Council's Election Posts on Instagram

Ulama in Indonesia's Political Contestation: The Indonesian Ulama Council's Election Posts on Instagram

The Influence of Halal Awareness and Halal Labeling on the Purchase Decisions of Packaged Food and Beverages among Muslim College Students in Pontianak City

The selection of packaged food and beverage products in Indonesia, certified as halal or adorned with halal labels by the Assessment Institute for Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics of the Indonesian Ulema Council (LPPOM-MUI), exhibits a remarkable diversity. This study aims to examine the impact of halal awareness and halal labels on the consumer purchasing decisions pertaining to these packaged commodities. Employing a quantitative approach, the research methodology entails the collection of primary data through questionnaire distribution among respondents. The sample size for this study encompassed 117 individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis served as the data analysis technique. The findings unveiled that both halal awareness and halal labels jointly exerted a significant influence on the purchasing decisions associated with packaged food and beverage products. Evident from the halal label's significance value of 0.000, which is below the predetermined threshold of 0.05, the analysis underscores their pivotal role. Furthermore, the R Square value of 0.619 signifies that halal awareness and halal labels contribute to 61.9% of the observed variance, leaving the remaining 38.1% subject to factors beyond the scope of the multiple linear regression model.

The Mechanism for Calculating the Nishab of Zakat for Civil Servants’ Income According to MUI Fatwa No 3 Year 2023

Civil servants are one of the subjects of zakat, which is called income zakat, and each zakat is issued if it has reached the nishab. The Indonesian Ulema Council regulates zakat in the MUI Fatwa Number 3 of 2003 concerning Zakat Income. The UPZ of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of Bengkulu Province takes zakat on income every month from all groups of civil servants, even though some of the income of certain groups of civil servants has not reached the nishab. Determining the income nishab value is based on the Decree of the Chairman of BAZNAS No. 14 of 2021 concerning the income and services zakat nishab in 2021. The income nishab value is 85 grams of gold multiplied by IDR. 938,099,- amounting to Rp. 79,738,415,-. The research method used is descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach. The results of this research show that: 1) the calculation of the zakat nishab on civil servant income applied by UPZ at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of Bengkulu Province is taken from the basic salary of civil servants which is then paid out at 2.5% every month. 2) The calculation of the zakat nishab on civil servants' income by UPZ at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of Bengkulu Province is not in accordance with MUI Fatwa Number 3 of 2003 because zakat is imposed on all groups of civil servants, zakat is taken from all gross income, and zakat is issued even though it has not yet reached the haul time.

State Islamic University Students’ Perceptions of IsraelAffiliated Products: A Study After the Fatwa of Indonesian Ulema Council No. 83 of 2023 Concerning the Law on Support for the Palestinian Struggle

This study aims to describe the perceptions of State Islamic University (UIN) students in Indonesia regarding products affiliated with Israel after the issuance of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) fatwa Number 83 of 2023 regarding support for the Palestinian struggle. This research employed qualitative research methods. The primary data of this study were collected through interviews while the secondary data were obtained from scientific articles, books, and so on. The data collection techniques used in this study were observations, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques included data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This study found that the overall perception of UIN students towards Israel-affiliated products was the result of a complex interaction between religious values, humanitarian values, solidarity with Palestine, media information, economic considerations, and political awareness. These factors become reinforcements to their agreement and support for MUI’s steps in supporting Palestine. MUI stipulated Fatwa Number 83 of 2023 concerning the Law of Support for the Palestinian Struggle. One of the substances was a call to boycott products that are clearly affiliated with Israel. This boycott has implications for the company’s reduced financial income due to a decrease in product sales turnover. This can paralyze the performance and operations of the company and as a consequence, their assistance to Israel in carrying out attacks on Palestine will be stopped.

Ensuring Legal Protection for Consumers of Halal-Certified Minang Cuisine in Padang City

This study aims to understand legal protection for consumers in Padang City to establish a model for consumer protection practices in Indonesia. The research employs a normative descriptive qualitative method, focusing on business operators and consumers of traditional Minang products, with data collected through interviews. The study reveals that legal protection for consumers concerning halal labels on Minang food is stipulated in Law No. 08 of 1999. Several reasons contribute to producers not including halal labels: high processing costs, lack of awareness about the importance of halal certification, and consumers' inherent trust in authentic Minang producers, even if the shop lacks halal certification. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) asserts that Muslim-owned businesses should pursue halal certification regardless of the owner's religion.

Assurance of Halal Beef Products Using a Traceability System in Enterprise Resource Planning Applications

Abstract This research addresses the critical issue of maintaining consumer trust in the halal products within the Indonesian context, specifically focusing on beef products. Recognizing the vulnerability of halal products and counterfeit certificates, the study proposes an innovative solution through the implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) application. This application is designed to trace and monitor the halal beef supply chain, aligning with the certification standards set by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). The choice of beef as the subject of this study stems from its high susceptibility to counterfeiting and the complexity of its supply chain. The research utilizes an ERP system for its comprehensive enterprise-level management capabilities, including aspects of purchasing, inventory, and manufacturing. This technology integration aims to address the challenges in tracing halal beef products from their origin to the consumer (upstream to downstream), ensuring compliance with halal requirements and optimizing the supply chain. Methodologically, the development of this traceability system adheres to the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), employing a modified waterfall model. The system’s efficacy is evaluated through Blackbox testing, demonstrating its capability to effectively track the journey of halal beef products. It ensures validation at each stage of the supply chain in accordance with MUI’s halal certification criteria and provides rapid tracking capabilities in emergency situations. In conclusion, this study presents a significant technological innovation in the field of halal product assurance. It offers an integrated solution that combines information technology and management principles to uphold the integrity of halal products, thereby safeguarding consumer trust and supporting the reputation of conscientious manufacturers in Indonesia.

Dissemination of Religious Formation in The Fatwa of The Indonesian Ulema Council on Digital Da’wah Etichs

Social religious problems triggered by the provocation of preachers in the digital media space are important problems to be addressed by all elements of society including the government. This qualitative research in the form of a literature review aims to identify the dimensions of religious formation in the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of East Java No. 6 of 2022. The theory of religiosity becomes the main theory of analysis in the discussion of this study. This data was obtained through documentation. Data were analysed through reduction, presentation and verification. This study shows the content of the formation of religiosity dimensions in the fatwa, such as da'wah recommendations that emphasise the practice of worship rituals, and attitudes to maintain harmony in social life amid social plurality. This research confirms the importance of disseminating holistic religious formation in digital da'wah materials. The limitations of this research have not examined the effectiveness of the fatwa in the community.

ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS IN HALAL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC FASHION INDONESIA

Introduction: As Indonesia is inhabited by a lot of Muslim population, this demographic characteristic benefits the expansion of the halal industry internationally. The reputation of halal products relies on the rising production quality. This study aims to better understand how fashion preferences, halal certification, and the quality of business actors influence the potential of the Indonesian Islamic fashion industry to become an international halal industry. Methods: This study was carried out using quantitative analyses including multiple linear regression, validity, and reliability analyses. Results: The quality of business actors, halal certification, and fashion taste all had a positive and significant effect on expanding the potential of the Islamic halal fashion trade. Conclusion and suggestion: The Indonesian Ulema Council and the government should coordinate in ascending the halal certification. In addition, business actors are required to seek information related to halal certificates and acquire them before running their business. Given the importance of halal certification, the public is encouraged to purchase halal fashion items as this lifestyle expresses their identity.

Examining the Istinbat Systems of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah

The purpose of this research is to study the Istinbat system of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah. This research is a qualitative research, the type of research is library research. The data collection method is literature review. The results showed that; Istinbat method of the Fatwa Commission of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) refers to the Qur'an, Hadith, consensus, Qiyas and other legal arguments. In its fatwa, the MUI also does not reject other legal arguments that are not debated by the ulama, such as: istihsan, istishab, sad al-dzari'ah, and other arguments that are still disputed by scholars. The Istinbat method of Nahdatul Ulama Bahtsul Masail Institute implements the concept that Istinbat is not taken directly from the original source, namely the Qur'an and Hadith. However, the extraction of the law is done by dynamically mentatbiqkan (harmonizing) the texts expressed in the book in the context of the problem for which the law is sought. Meanwhile, the istinbat method of tarjih and tajdid assembly refers to the benefit as a priority benchmark without ignoring sociological and anthropological aspects. And in istinbat not bound to a particular school of fiqh.

Integration of Social Sufim Education and Fiqh in Fatwa on Digital Da'wah Ethics in Indonesia

Da'wah activities through digital applications sometimes cause religious social problems in the midst of Indonesia's diverse social life. Through a normative-philosophical approach, this qualitative study intends to identify the value of Sufism social education in digital da'wah ethics contained in the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council of East Java Province Number. 06 of 2022. This study data was obtained by documentation techniques, and data analysis includes reduction, presentation, and verification. The social value of Sufism in the form of mahabbah, itsar, and futuwwah is the basis for the perspective of this study. This study found the content of Sufism social education values in legal provisions related to the ethics of preachers in the digital space in the fatwa, including the value of mahabbah education in da'wah ethics that uphold peace. Then, the value of futuwwah education in da'wah ethics that respects diversity. Furthermore, the value of itsar education in da'wah ethics that cares for public benefit and state integration. This study confirms that the integration of the values of tarbiyah, Sufism and fiqh can be disseminated in fatwas related to social religion in Indonesia, including digital da'wah ethics fatwas.

Consistency of the Indonesian Ulama Council in Using Istiṣlāḥ as a Method for Legal Istinbath

Consistency of the Indonesian Ulama Council in Using Istiṣlāḥ as a Method for Legal Istinbath

Implementation of Sharia Principles in Micro Waqf Bank Financing Products at Minhadlul'ulum Islamic Boarding School (Based on the National Sharia Board Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council Number 19 of 2001)

This study was to determine the practice of financing products at the Micro Waqf Bank of the Minhadlul ’Ulum Islamic Boarding School and to determine the suitability of Sharia applied at the Micro Waqf Bank of the Minhadlul ’Ulum Islamic Boarding School. This research uses a qualitative method by conducting research directly in the field through an empirical normative approach. Sources of research data were primary and secondary data. This is descriptive research with data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the financing product at the Micro Waqf Bank of the Minhadlul’Ulum Islamic Boarding School, namely the Qardh contract, is by Sharia principles and is by the provisions of DSN-MUI Fatwa No.19/DSN-MUI/IV/2001 concerning qardh. This conformity is due to the financing of the Qardh contract with a profit-sharing margin fee equivalent to 3% per year as a consulting service. The cost of consulting services for operational costs, namely transportation to KUMPI, because the system is the party from the Micro Waqf Bank who comes directly to the customers to pay the loan installments. Keywords: Sharia principles, financing products, Micro Waqf Bank, Fatwa DSN-MUI

Analisis Kesesuaian Praktek Pembiayaan Musyarakah KSPPS BMT Al-FATH Menurut Fatwa No. 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000

This research aims to determine the level of conformity in the Implementation of Musyarakah Financing at BMT AL-FATH with the Decree of the National Sharia Board of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) No. 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 and to identify the juridical implications for BMT if it is proven to violate the Decree of the National Sharia Board of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) No. 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 in its implementation. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method applied through formative evaluation research. It utilizes primary data sources through interviews, observations, documentation, and their combination, as well as secondary data obtained from books, journal articles, government publications, company documentation records, websites, laws, and fatwas. Data analysis involves data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results indicate that BMT Al-Fath has successfully implemented the musyarakah contract in accordance with the Fatwa of the National Sharia Board of the Indonesian Ulema Council No. 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000, comprising 22 provisions outlined in the fatwa, and has not been negatively affected by the legal provisions contained in Law No. 21 of 2008, Article 58, concerning Islamic banking.

Analisis Istinbath Hukum pada Fatwa DSN-MUI No.147/DSN-MUI/XII/2021 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial Ketenagakerjaan Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah

This study aimed to analyze the reason behind of istinbath related to BPJS fatwa. The type of research used by researchers is Normative Islamic Law research using secondary data. Meanwhile, the secondary data used is DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 147 of 2021 concerning implementation Employment social security is based on sharia principles, the nature of this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection through literature study. The result showed that analysis of Legal Istinbatı in the 2021 DSN-MUI Fatwa concerning the Implementation of Employment Social Security based on sharia principles, namely every contract contained in the fatwa This is permissible, on the basis of extracting standard laws owned by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council, in which the DSN-MUI as a Fatwa institution established in Indonesia implements the concept of Istinbath. The law is Collective Ijtihad based on the Al-Qur'an and Hadith, ijma, Qiyas and other mu''tabar propositions Including other legal Istinbath methods such as Istihsan Istishab, "urf, Sadduz Zari ah. Qaoul Shohabi Istishlahi, Ilhaqi, Maqoshid Syariah, Masholih Mursaya and basic sharia principles related to social security.

Sharia Compliance and Profitability in Financial Performance Islamic Banks in Indonesia

This study sought to evaluate the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia from 2018 to 2022, with a specific focus on Sharia compliance and profitability. Secondary data taken from the annual reports of commercial Islamic banks during the specified period were used and a descriptive quantitative approach was adopted. The study population consisted of all 13 Islamic commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority in 2022; eight banks were chosen as the research sample. The analysis method used encompasses both Sharia compliance and profitability and is called the Sharia Compliance and Profitability Model. For further analysis, the research findings were divided into four quadrants. The results of the study showed how different Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia performed in terms of Sharia compliance and profitability. It identified banks that showed strong adherence to Sharia principles and high profitability, which could be used as benchmarks by other banks to improve their performance. In more detail, The findings of this research included 3 aspects, namely 1) Identification of Sharia Compliance, this study identified the parameters used to assess Sharia compliance, such as compliance with the principles regulated by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) or equivalent Sharia regulatory institutions. The results of this research revealed banks that consistently complied with Sharia principles in their operations and products. This could include banks that had a financial structure that complied with Islamic law, avoids usury, and adhered to the principles of fairness in transactions. 2) Profitability Assessment. Financial analysis has been carried out to assess the profitability of the investigated banks. This could include profitability ratios such as ROA (Return on Assets) and ROE (Return on Equity), as well as the profit growth from year to year. 3) Factors that influenced the Performance as well as the analysis also included an exploration of factors that contributed to bank performance in terms of Sharia compliance and profitability. This could include internal factors such as risk management and operational efficiency, as well as external factors such as market conditions and regulations. The research has practical implications for commercial banks for enhancing performance and adhering to Islamic values in highly profitable banks that strictly adhere to Sharia principles. By examining the connection between Sharia compliance and profitability, this study added to the understanding of the financial performance of Indonesia's Islamic commercial banks.

Analysis of Fatwa Regarding Sharia Credit Cards and Their Relevance to the Development of Islamic Banking in Indonesia and Bahrain

This research aims to analyze fatwas on Sharia credit cards and their relevance to the development of Islamic banking in Indonesia and Bahrain. This qualitative study uses a text and context approach. The main data used are fatwas from DSN-MUI and the Sharia Supervisory Board of Bank Islam Bahrain regarding Sharia credit cards, supported by books, scientific articles, and reports on the development of Islamic banking. Data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed using descriptive analysis. This study concludes that Sharia credit cards, as outlined in the fatwas of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) and the Sharia Supervisory Board of Bank Islam Bahrain (SSB-BIsB), are permissible as transaction tools based on legal principles, contract provisions, wage and service provisions, penalties, and limits in accordance with Sharia principles. Specifically, in Bahrain, fatwas must refer to the standards of the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Finance Institutions (AAOIFI). Currently, the use of Sharia credit cards in Bahrain is experiencing significant growth, while in Indonesia, public interest in using Sharia credit cards remains relatively low. The findings of this research can serve as policy studies for fatwa institutions and Islamic banking to enhance the growth of Sharia credit cards as a Sharia financing instrument for the public, particularly in Indonesia.

The Constitutionality of Inheritance Rights for Extramarital Children: Assessing the Legal Response under Balinese Customary Law

This article analyzes the inheritance rights of extramarital children under the post-Constitutional Court decision of Balinese customary law. Any child born of unmarried parents or out of adultery is stigmatized as an extramarital child (walad al zina) for his entire life and forbidden from inheriting an estate from his biological father. This legal issue is chosen as the main subject of this study is because of the legal circumstance in which the Balinese community does not grant status to extramarital children in matters of inheritance from the Purusa line. Hindu-Balinese religious leaders such as Parisada and the Traditional Village Council have never upheld the Constitutional Court’s ruling that states that children born out of wedlock have civil relations with their biological fathers. Islamic religious leaders have followed up on the Constitutional Court’s decision by issuing a fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). The fatwa imposes an obligation on biological fathers to separate their wealth for a guarantee of life to children. Applying the statutory approach, conceptual approach, sociological approach, and case approach, it can be understood that children born out of wedlock (the Balinese call it begin at children) have no status as heirs in the Purusa line but have inheritance rights from their mother and their mother’s family.

Tingkat Kepuasan Pengguna Terhadap Layanan Perpustakaan Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Metode Libqual+TM

User satisfaction is closely related to and depends on the quality of library services. However, even though user satisfaction is an important aspect for library progress, there are still some libraries that do not pay enough attention to the issue of user satisfaction, especially the North Sumatra Indonesian Ulema Council Library. The aim of this research is to determine the level of user satisfaction with the library services of the Indonesian Ulema Council of North Sumatra based on the LibQUAL+TM Method. This research uses a descriptive survey research type with a quantitative approach. The data collection techniques in this research are observation and questionnaires. The results of this research show that user satisfaction with the library services of the Indonesian Ulema Council of North Sumatra is based on the Affect of Service dimension. ) with a score of -0.88, meaning that the service is considered good but does not fully meet the ideal expectations of users. Based on the Information Control dimension, the user assessment is not satisfied with the adequacy gap (AG) with a score of -0.32, meaning the user is not satisfied with the service received and the superiority gap (SG) with a score of -1.79, meaning the service is considered not good and is beyond tolerance zone or completely does not meet the ideal expectations desired by the user. Based on the Library as Place dimensions, it shows an adequacy gap (AG) with a score of 0.55, meaning the user is quite satisfied and a superiority gap (SG) with an assessment score of -0.44, meaning the service is still considered good but does not fully meet the user's ideal expectations.

Ziyadah from an Islamic Perspective (Case study at BMT Al-Rifa’ie)

Islamic banking principles emerge primarily from the unequivocal prohibition of riba (usury) in the Quran. The Indonesian government has bolstered Islamic banking with legal frameworks, beginning with Law No. 7 of 1992, later replaced by Law No. 10 of 1998, providing a robust legal basis for its operations. The evolution of Islamic banking in Indonesia started with the establishment of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) on November 1, 1991, which catalyzed the rise of Islamic financial institutions such as Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT). Interest (riba) is forbidden in Islam due to the additional or ziyadah interest charged on loan transactions. BMT, operating as an Islamic financial institution, eschews interest in favor of profit-sharing systems. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) has issued several fatwas related to ziyadah, including MUI Fatwa No. 1 of 2004. This research, conducted at BMT Al-Rifa’ie, adopts a qualitative approach with a historical hermeneutic analysis. Informants include seven individuals from management, customers, and the MUI. The study concludes that the ziyadah practices at BMT Al-Rifa’ie align with Islamic principles.

Legal Analysis of MUI's Authority in Providing Halal Label Guarantees after the Issuance of Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Guarantees for Halal Products

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the authority of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in providing halal label guarantees following the implementation of Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Guarantees for Halal Products. Theoretical framework: The research employs a normative legal approach, utilizing data from statutory regulations, court decisions, and legal literature to assess the legal standing of the MUI post-implementation of Law Number 33 of 2014. Results and discussion: Findings reveal that despite changes introduced by the law, the MUI's authority remains pertinent and enforceable. The MUI plays a crucial role in issuing fatwas and recommendations on product halal status, complementing government agencies' responsibilities in halal certification. The law delineates specific boundaries for the MUI's jurisdiction, emphasizing collaboration with governmental bodies and affiliated organizations for effective halal product certification and labeling. Method: This research adopts a normative legal methodology, analyzing legal texts, court precedents, and scholarly works to assess the continuity and scope of the MUI's authority post-Law Number 33 of 2014. Originality/value: This study contributes by delineating the evolution of the MUI's authority in the context of halal certification pre- and post-Law Number 33 of 2014. It highlights the MUI's transition from sole authority to a collaborative partner in certifying halal products, underscoring the significance of halal certification for consumers, regulatory compliance, and religious principles.