Indonesian Government Regulation Research Articles

Building Quality Culture of Higher Education by Implementation of Internal Quality Assurance System (An Empirical Evidence)

Since 1998, the Indonesian government's regulations on higher education institutions have moved towards granting autonomy, which includes accreditation based on the Internal Quality Assurance System (IQAS). The goal is for the introduction of SPMI to lead to a culture of excellent quality in higher education. This research seeks to bridge the gap in empirical studies connecting the adoption of IQAS with its impact on the cultivation of a culture of quality in higher education. The research employs quantitative techniques to gather data through a survey utilizing a Likert Internascale. Data was evaluated utilizing structural equation modeling and handled through the AMOS software. The findings indicated that integrating IQAS had a beneficial and noteworthy impact on quality culture in a higher education establishment.

Effectiveness of Concrete Tiles Made from Medical Waste Incineration Residue Admixture

Incineration is a widely used method for processing solid waste, involving a high-temperature combustion process that generates various residues, including bottom ash. Bottom ash is one of the residues that is produced. Bottom ash contains heavy metals that are harmful to the environment, one of which is nickel (Ni). This study aims to evaluate the concentration of Ni in medical waste incineration ash and concrete roof tiles produced using ash mixtures, while also assessing the impact of ash addition on the flexural strength and impermeability of these tiles. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7184.3:2011), was employed for heavy metal analysis. The test results on medical waste incineration ash showed that the Ni metal content was 0.33 mg/L, while the test results on concrete roof tiles varied 10%, 20%, and 30%, respectively, at 0.18 mg/L, 0.21 mg/L, and 0.39 mg/L. These values fall below the permissible threshold specified in Indonesian Government Regulation PP 22 of 2021. When testing the flexural strength of roof tiles with variations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, the results were 654 N, 1018 N, and 754 N. Based on these results, the flexural strength of concrete roof tiles is below the flexural strength standard in SNI 0096:2007. Water impermeability tests, however, showed no signs of water penetration across all variations, meeting the SNI 0096:2007 standard for water resistance.

Utilization of Hospital Solid Waste as Paving Blocks

A hospital as a health facility has the potential to produce medical waste, which is harmful to the environment, if it is not handled properly and correctly. At Hospital X, infectious medical waste is chopped and sterilized at temperatures above 100oC using a sterilwave to reduce the size of the waste and hand it over to a third party at a substantial cost. This waste has the potential to be used as construction materials, such as paving blocks, which are used as parks in the hospital area. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the best paving block mix design and composition using chopped medical waste as a fine aggregate substitution. In addition, this research carried out a TCLP test on paving blocks that had the best water absorption to find out whether paving blocks are good enough to strip potential soil contamination. The quality target for paving blocks in this study was to meet class D quality with a minimum compressive strength of 8.5 MPa and a maximum water absorption of 10%. The quality of compressive strength and water absorption was based on SNI 03-0691-1996, and the TCLP test referred to Indonesia Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021. The results showed that the mix design used is 1:5 for the ratio of cement and fine aggregate with an average compressive strength of normal paving blocks of 10 MPa. Whereas paving blocks with a mixture of medical waste with the best absorption were those with as much as 8% substitution of fine aggregate, with an average compressive strength value of 10 MPa. The results of the TCLP test on the best specimens showed that the levels of heavy metals in medical waste paving blocks met the TCLP A quality standards and were safe for use in hospital parks.

The impact of land use patterns on water quality in the Cikapundung sub-watershed

Abstract Cikapundung River divides the city of Bandung, one of popular Indonesia’s tourist and educational destinations. The watershed land cover has drastically changed in the last twenty years. This study integrates water quality analysis across the Cikapundung sub-watershed, assessing various physical, chemical, and biological indicators impacted by land use practices. Critical sources of pollution identified include domestic waste, agricultural runoff, industrial discharge, and unpaved riverbanks. Results indicate that numerous parameters exceed Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22/2021 Class II thresholds, notably total dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, Fe, Mn, oil and grease, hydrogen sulfide, MBAS, total coliform, E.coli, and fecal coliforms. The total coliform concentration ranged from 9.25×103 to 5.56×108 MPN/100 mL, fecal coliforms from 7.6×102 to 2.53×107 MPN/100 mL, TSS from 4 to 276 mg/L, and TDS from 88.4 to 1111.15 mg/L. Pollution levels varied across river segments, showing moderate to severe upstream and downstream contamination over three sampling periods. The pollution index ranged from 5.26 to 16.77 across the watershed. This research emphasizes the urgency of implementing pollution control measures and sustainable land use practices to safeguard water quality in the Cikapundung sub-watershed. Its findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and environmental managers to formulate effective watershed management and protection strategies.

Effects of Copper on Euglena sp. Local Strains and Remediation Capabilities

One of the well-known industries in Yogyakarta is the Kotagede silver craft, which produces heavy metal waste, one of which is copper. The copper content in the liquid waste of electroplating Kotagede silver crafts is 4.628 mg/L. At the same time, Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 (2021) stipulates a critical limit of Copper (Cu) content in river and lake water, which is 0.2 mg/L. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effects of copper on local strains of Euglena sp. (growth, photosynthetic pigment production, and superoxide dismutase enzyme) as well as the effectiveness of Euglena sp. in copper remediation. The study was conducted by adding a copper solution obtained from CuSO4•5H2O to the culture medium of Euglena sp. The parameters observed in the study were growth (number of cells and biomass), photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid total), Superoxide dismutase enzyme of Euglena sp. as well as the effectiveness of Euglena sp. in copper remediation. The results showed that copper inhibited the growth of Euglena sp. The highest growth was the control treatment (without adding copper to the culture medium). Likewise, the content of photosynthetic pigments and the culture of Euglena sp. exposed to copper were lower when compared to the control culture. The activity of the SOD enzyme is increased in cultures exposed to copper. The result of the research is Cu metal absorption efficiency by Euglena sp. by 21.93%, 10.93%, and 9.47% for a Cu concentration of 10 ppm, 15 ppm, and 20 ppm.

Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata Dalam Pembentukan Perusahaan Oleh Investor Asing Pemegang Golden Visa

Law No. 22 of 2023 on Visa and Residence Permit categorizes Limited Stay Visa, Limited Stay Permit, Permanent Stay Permit, and Re-entry Permit in different categories. Foreign investors holding a Golden Visa can form a company, invest, repatriate, merge families, or build a second home but still follow Indonesian government regulations such as minimum investment capital. Golden Visa holders have legal protection rights and special investment facilities. The problem that the author examines is disputes arising from the process of company formation by Golden Visa holders, knowing the civil dispute resolution mechanism for Golden Visa holders. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach that has a descriptive nature. This type of research is normative legal research with a focus on norms and applicable legal regulations. The research approach is normative legal and case study, analyzing previously existing cases or relevant cases. The data needed are legislation, court decisions and secondary legal materials such as journals, literature and related articles from clear sources. The results of this study indicate that the resolution of disputes faced by foreign investors holding Golden Visas, such as default, unilateral cancellation of contracts, or profit sharing that is not in accordance with the agreement can be resolved through alternative non-litigation resolution, namely international arbitration. In the arbitration process, the disputing parties will receive legal protection, because laws and regulations must protect the rights to assets, property, and fast access to the visa processing process. The recommendation is that arbitration be used to resolve disputes over the formation of companies holding Golden Visas, and if the Golden Visa grants exclusive rights to investors, then the Indonesian government must consider special regulations on the Golden Visa.

Local Fishermen's Perceptions of the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 11 of 2023 Concerning Measurable Fishing in Tabanio Village, Takisung District, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province

Local Fishermen's Perceptions of the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 11 of 2023 Concerning Measurable Fishing in Tabanio Village, Takisung District, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province

Analysis of the Water Quality of the River in West Java as the Raw Water for Drinking Water

The quantity of raw water from springs, groundwaters, and rainwaters has been decreasing nowadays. This has mostly made river water to be used as the raw water to be treated for drinking water by PDAMs. However, in 2020, 52 rivers in Indonesia were polluted. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the quality of the river water to ensure that the water conforms with the standards of the Indonesian Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 (class 1). This study was done to study the water quality i.e. DO, TSS, and total coliform in 9 sampling points in Citarum, Cimanggu, Cibogo, Citonjong, Ciwayang, and Cigugur Rivers in West Java. Grab samples were collected and were analyzed in the laboratory. The results were then compared with the standards. DO in the Citarum River (= 3.66 mg/L) and Cimanggu River (= 3.64 mg/L) samples were below the standard which might result from the domestic waste generated by the housing settlements, schools, and hospital existed around the sampling points. Total coliform in the upstream of the Cibogo River sample was above the standard; which could be caused by the domestic waste produced by the housing settlements and the fishing area located around the sampling point.

Pengaturan Pemberian Kompensasi Bagi Pekerja dalam Hubungan Kerja Berdasarkan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (PKWT)

The purpose of writing this article is that workers who are in an employment relationship based on a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) have the right to receive compensation money in accordance with statutory provisions. The research method used is juridical-normative, namely legal research by examining statutory regulations and literature study (secondary material). PKWT is an agreement between workers and employers to enter into an employment relationship for a certain period of time at the company's choice when recruiting workers. The motive behind this choice is the entrepreneur's desire to achieve large profits with small capital. However, since the implementation of the PKWT provisions in the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2021 concerning Specific Time Work Agreements (PKWT), Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment Relations has become different. That PKWT system workers whose contract period has ended are entitled to receive compensation money from the Company as regulated in Article 15. If the compensation money is not given then the company (entrepreneur) will receive administrative sanctions in the form of a written warning, restrictions on business activities, partial or complete temporary suspension production equipment, and freezing business activities in accordance with the provisions of Article 61 of the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning Specific Time Work Agreements (PKWT), Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment Relations.

Legal Protection for Workers on Job Loss Guarantee in the Tourism Sector

In Indonesia, labo u r social security is a right of workers, as exemplified by the provision of job loss insurance . In essence, social security is designed to ensure that workers retain a decent standard of living in the event of job loss. One of the most frequently demanded rights of workers is the right to social security. The Indonesian Social Security Administration Body (BPJS) programme comprises two distinct categories: social security for health and social security for employment . The following ques tion is posed: How is the job loss insurance programme in the tourism sector implemented at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Cabang Bali Gianyar ? Furthermore, what form of legal protection is afforded to workers who lose their jobs in accordance with Indonesian Govern ment Regulation No. 37/2021 on the implementation of the Job Loss Insurance Program? Methodology: empirical research employing a soc iological approach. The findings indicate that the implementation of the job loss guarantee programme at BPJS Ketenagakerjaa n Gianyar is conducted in accordance with the submission of job loss insurance claims from workers who have been laid off. At PT CH B Villa, 26 workers who experienced layoffs were eligible to receive the benefits of job loss insurance , including 24 worker s (92%) who were entitled to receive them and two workers (8%) who were not. In conclusion, the implementation of the job loss insur ance programme at the Villa of PT CHB Gianyar has been effective in providing legal protection and benefits for laid off wo rkers. In the event that an employer violates the rights of a dismissed worker, the employer may be subject to administrative sancti ons in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of Indonesi an Government Regulation No. 37/ 2021 concerning the implement ation of the job loss insurance . These sanctions may include written warnings to the employer and the cessation of certain public se rvices.

Drill Hole Spacing Analysis for Evaluation of Quartz Sand Resources as Residual Material from On-Land Alluvial Tin Processing based on Global Estimation Variance and Kriging Variance, with Case Study in the Bangka and Belitung Islands, Indonesia

On-land alluvial tin mining activities produce residual materials from mineral processing or mineral washing; the major one of these is quartz sand, which can be utilized in the manufacturing industry. As time goes by, the reserves of alluvial tin are decreasing, which is in line with the increasing residual material from abundant mineral processing. Mining procedures are carried out following the Indonesian government regulations, covering mining as well as reprocessing. This motivated us to evaluate the potential of quartz sand at two mining sites in Bangka and Belitung Islands. This study evaluated alluvial tin processing residual quartz sand through drill hole spacing analysis (DHSA) by comparing two geostatistics parameters, namely global estimation variance (GEV) and kriging variance (KV). Drill hole samples were taken with varying spacing, ranging from 50 to 200 m, after which geostatistical analysis was carried out. With several simulations, the incorporation of GEV and KV was able to produce the optimal drill hole spacing with measured resource categories in the range of 40 to 55 m, indicated resources in the range of 55 to 85 m, and inferred resources >85 m. Accordingly, the total estimated quartz sand resources of both sites were obtained.

Granularity-aware legal question answering: a case study of Indonesian government regulations

Question answering (QA) technologies are crucial for building conversational AI. Current research related to QA for the legal domain lacks focus on the organized structure of laws, which are hierarchically segmented into components at varying levels of detail. To address this gap, we propose a new task of granularity-aware legal QA, which accounts for the underlying granularity levels of law components. Our approach encompasses task formulation, dataset creation, and model development. Under the Indonesian jurisdiction, we consider four law component granularity levels: chapters (bab), articles (pasal), sections (ayat), and letters (huruf). We include 15 government regulations (Peraturan Pemerintah) of Indonesia related to labor affairs and build a legal QA dataset with granularity information. We then design a solution for such a task—the first IR system to account for legal component granularity. We implement a customized retriever-reranker pipeline in which the retriever accepts law components of multiple granularities and the reranker is trained for granularity-aware ranking. We leverage BM25 and BERT models as retriever and reranker, respectively, yielding an end-to-end exact match accuracy of 35.68%, which offers a significant improvement (20%) over a strong baseline. The use of reranker also improves the granularity accuracy from 44.86% to 63.24%. In practical context, such a solution can help provide more precise answers, not only from legal chatbots, but also other conversational AI that deals with hierarchically-structured documents.

Analisis Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga di Permukiman Sekitar Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Desa Ibul Besar II

 The problem of household waste in Ogan Ilir Regency is increasingly complex due to the characteristics of the area which is a wetland. Poor management of household waste around the watershed can cause various problems, both environmental and public health problems. The purpose of this study is to analyze household management in settlements around the watershed of Ibul Besar II Village. This study is a qualitative study. The informants in this study consisted of 7 key informants and 5 ordinary informants who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interview, observation and documentation (photovoice). The study results show that efforts to eliminate household waste are still very minimal. Four out of six housewives reuse used buckets. However, only two out of six housewives doing recycle. Household waste is not sorted into five types. The collection and transportation of household waste doesn’t meet the requirements due to the unavailability of TPS or TPS 3R, waste cart and limited waste transportation. The household waste is burned and also the waste is not processed. It can be concluded that household waste management in settelements around the watershed of Ibul Besar II Village has not met the requirements in accordance with Republic of Indonesia Law Number 18 of 2008 and Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 81 of 2012. Â

Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Bali dalam Mewujudkan Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional Integrasi

Progress and changing ages have an impact on changes in various areas of life, one of which is health. A variety of cutting-edge discoveries related to medical methods and medicines led to advances in both conventional and traditional health care. This development has led to various policies made by countries including Indonesia. Indonesia sheds health-related policy as a constitutional right of the people as set forth in the rules of enforcement. The guarantee of good health care gives the public the right to use the kind of medical or traditional health care. There are three types of traditional health care within the rules of enforcement: empirical, complementary, and integrated. This paper highlights the integration of traditional health services which, based on the authority of the Indonesian Government Regulations, mandate local governments to make regional policies that are in line with national policies. This writing uses normative methods with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results showed that the policy of the regional government of Bali in the maintenance of traditional health services integration implemented by issuing the regulation of the governor of Bali No. 55 Year 2019 on the traditional health service of Bali which provides guarantees on the implementation of health services traditional integration of bali as a collaboration carried out between the traditional complementary health services with conventional health services in health services facilities such as Puskesmas and hospitals. Progress and changes of the era have an impact on related types of traditional health services the integration given in its organization is established on the basis of the Decision of the Governor of Bali of the results of the analysis of the study team which is further established by the respective heads of the health service facilities.

Assessing low-cost sensor for characterizing temporal variation of PM2.5 in Bandung, Indonesia

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a concern due to its health effects, necessitating critical monitoring for both quantity and variability. Utilizing low-cost sensors to track PM2.5 is essential to augment other monitoring instruments, which are effective in generating temporal and spatial data. Therefore, in this study, we employed the low-cost PurpleAir (low-cost PA-II) to characterize the seasonal and diurnal variation of PM2.5 in Bandung, Indonesia, representing the densely populated metropolitan area of Bandung. During the sampling period from June 2022 to May 2023, co-location sampling with the filter-based Super Speciation Air Sampling System (SuperSASS) was employed to assess the low-cost PA-II. The PM2.5 data collected by the low-cost PA-II were compared to the SuperSASS data. The annual average mass concentration of PM2.5 measured by SuperSASS and the low-cost sensor was 31.51 ± 15.53 μg/m3 and 39.04 ± 15.16 μg/m3, respectively, surpassing the Indonesian government's regulation limit for an annual average of 15 μg/m3. The comparative results of the two methods were obtained with R2 = 0.96, and low-cost PA-II data was 1.24 higher than SuperSASS. The difference may be attributed to several factors, including differences in sensor technology, calibration, location, and data processing. The seasonal variation indicated an increase in concentration during the dry season and a decrease during the wet season. The diurnal pattern indicates the morning peak between 06:00 and 08:00 during the rush hour, as well as the evening peak between 18:00 and 23:00, attributed to low temperatures and stagnant conditions. The diurnal pattern of PM2.5, which often exhibits the lowest peak at midday, is influenced by a combination of meteorological, atmospheric, and human activity factors. The findings suggested that the utilization of low-cost PA-II for a broader spatial scope is promising for real-time monitoring of PM2.5, to increase air pollution awareness in society.

Implementation of Good Governance in the Appointment of Regional Acting Heads

The study examines how well good governance practices are followed when choosing temporary regional leaders (acting regional heads). These appointments are sometimes influenced by powerful politicians and don't involve the public enough. The research uses existing documents (like legal codes and scholarly articles) to explore this issue. The findings suggest the current system for picking acting regional heads lacks transparency, public involvement, and accountability. To make the process fairer and more open, improvements are needed in following good governance principles. The study is based on Indonesian law (Law No. 30 of 2014) and government regulations (Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 4 of 2023).

Regulation of Multi-storey Residential Ownership by Foreign Nationals in Indonesia and Malaysia: A Legal Perspective and Islamic Principles

This study analyzes the regulation of multi-storey residential ownership by foreign nationals (WNA) in Indonesia and Malaysia from the perspective of Islamic law and principles. The issue requires clear and fair arrangements to protect national interests and local residents' rights. Both countries, with majority Muslim populations, integrate Islamic principles into public policy, including property. Using a comparative study and qualitative analysis, the research examines Indonesia's Government Regulation No. 103 of 2015 and Malaysia's "Malaysia My Second Home" (MM2H) program and strata title regulations. Findings reveal that both countries emphasize social justice and the protection of local citizens' rights in line with Islamic principles. The study concludes that regulations should be refined with Islamic principles to attract foreign investment and protect national interests, focusing on simplifying bureaucracy, increasing transparency, and reviewing property price policies.

An Analysis of Business Entity Elements as Business Actors in Relation to Foundations: A Review of Indonesian Government Regulation No. 5 of 2021

An Analysis of Business Entity Elements as Business Actors in Relation to Foundations: A Review of Indonesian Government Regulation No. 5 of 2021

The Effectiveness of Accelerating Halal Product Certification: Regulations and Companions

A variety of regulations have regulated halal certification policies. However, the implementation of accelerated halal certification regulations in Indonesia has not been effective because there still needs to be improvement in substance, structure, and legal culture. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of accelerating halal certification between Indonesia and Malaysia. This socio-legal research uses a comparative approach with Malaysia. The data used are primary and secondary interviews, surveys, case studies, and literature studies. The research results show that, first, that the effectiveness of halal product regulations in Indonesia has yet to be maximized in terms of substance, structure, and legal culture. Second, the regulatory and companion factors required for halal certification are strategies to accelerate halal certification in Indonesia. The government must promptly enhance regulations regarding halal products, supervise law enforcement, and conduct outreach and education initiatives for the public in response to the numerous challenges encountered in expediting halal product certification. This research will impact accelerating certification, which can increase economic growth and serve as a legal basis for formulating the adoption of Indonesian government regulations.

Inclusive Education in Early Childhood: Assessing Implementation in Pekanbaru Through The Ainscow Inclusion Index

The implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia since 2002 has provided opportunities for all students, including those with special needs, to receive education in their nearest schools. Indonesian government regulations explicitly state that schools cannot reject students due to their disabilities. Consequently, schools across Indonesia, including those in Pekanbaru, have begun admitting students with special needs. However, challenges arise as the implementation of inclusive education varies among schools based on their understanding and perceptions. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the extent of inclusive education implementation at the preschool level in Pekanbaru using the Ainscow Inclusion Index. This study analyzes 12 preschools in Pekanbaru in serving students with special needs, providing a comprehensive overview of the inclusive culture, policies, and practices in the city.