Indonesian Government Regulation Research Articles

Kewenangan Eksekusi Riil Pengadilan Negeri terhadap Perkara Konsinyasi Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pembangunan untuk Kepentingan Umum

Article 98 of the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest states that in the event that compensation money has been entrusted to the District Court but the party is entitled to the land still controls the land object, execution can be requested, however The final product consignment application case is in the form of a determination and not a decision and the ruling is not condemnatory in nature, thus causing problems. This research is a normative juridical research that only examines primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials such as statutory regulations, both Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power and the Herzien Inlandsch Reglement (H.I.R) / Rechtreglement voor de Buitengewesten (Rbg), Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 19 of 2021, Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2021, books and journals. Data collection techniques using document study and analysis were carried out qualitatively, where the results of this research show that there is authority for the Chairman of the District Court to carry out real executions based on the Theory of Authority, Progressive Legal Theory and the Principle of Social Function, and in the future there must be reconstruction and harmonization of norms related to the execution of Land Acquisition consignment cases.

Implementation of Indonesian Government Regulations Concerning the Job Loss Guarantee Program in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta

The Indonesian government expanded social security for the community, especially those who experienced layoffs or lost their jobs by issuing a Government Regulation to expand social security as amended and adding several provisions to articles in Law Number 40 of 2004 concerning the National Social Security System after the enactment of the Law. Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. The background to the policy is because during the COVID-19 pandemic many companies laid off employment. In Jakarta, the number of people who have lost their jobs has increased. The Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia report released that the number of unemployed people in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta in February 2022 was 410.59 thousand people. This research aims to legally analyze the decisions or beschikking issued by the Jakarta provincial government in implementing the job loss guarantee (JKP) program and analyze the implementation of the job loss guarantee program in the Jakarta. The research method used is a juridical-empirical research method using statutory and case approaches. The results of this research: 1) Decree (beschikking) of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government in implementing the job loss guarantee program by issuing: Regional Regulation Number 27 of 2012 concerning the Implementation of Employment and Governor's Regulation of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Province Number 15 of 2023 concerning Amendments to Governor's Regulation Number 55 of 2016 concerning the Implementation of Social Security for Workers through the Employment Social Security Administering Agency. 2) Implementation of PP 37/2021 in the DKI Jakarta Province area, based on employment conditions in February 2023, the working population in Jakarta area was recorded at 4.86 million people and a survey of 135 random respondents related to the dissemination of information about JKP concluded that the implementation JKP, especially in terms of socialization, is still lacking, because as many as 77% admitted that they had never been socialized about the JKP program which has implications for respondents' knowledge of the benefits of the JKP program itself, not many respondents fully know that the benefits of the JKP program are in the form of cash benefits. , benefits of access to job information, and benefits of job training. Of the respondents who knew about the benefits of the JKP program, generally they only knew about the cash benefits, while other respondents admitted that they did not know at all about the benefits of the JKP program. This number of respondents is not small, namely 53 respondents or around 55.8%. The benefits of the JKP program that were known to respondents were benefits in the form of cash as much as 32.7%, benefits from access to job market information as much as 14.7% and benefits from job training as much as 17% and the remaining 55.8% of respondents did not know what the benefits of the JKP program were.

Analysis of the Role of Agribusiness in the Indonesian Economy

Agribusiness is an important support in national economic development. This research aims to determine the complete agribusiness system that is interrelated with economic activities. This research methodology is a literature review which is based on Indonesian government regulations. The results of this research show that agribusiness has a strategic role in the formation of GDP, employment, international trade, regional economic development, national food security, environmental preservation, and equal distribution of development results. In the development and implementation of agribusiness that is already underway, there are still many obstacles. To solve very complex economic problems, especially in the agricultural sector, Indonesia requires sharpening (focusing) economic development strategies which are expected to be able to provide solutions to existing problems. So synergy is needed in the agribusiness sector, namely between agriculture, plantations, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry with the development of upstream and downstream agricultural industries as well as the development of related service sectors therein.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENERIMA WARALABA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PRODUK SECARA SEPIHAK.


 
 
 
 The development of the business world penetrates the boundaries of space, time and territory of a country. One of the breakthroughs made by business people is business development through a franchise system, which in Indonesia is termed a franchise. Republic of Indonesia government regulation no. 42 of 2007 concerning franchising provides a definition of a franchise as a special right owned by an individual or business entity to a business system with business characteristics in order to market goods and/or services that have been proven successful and can be utilized or used by other parties based on a franchise agreement. In Indonesia, the legal regulations regarding franchising are not yet complete, considering that regulation through law has not been touched by the government. This is necessary to prevent franchise business actors from unwanted losses due to the incomplete legal instruments that protect them. This research raises the issue of what are the legal consequences of franchise agreements in the event of unilateral changes to franchise products by the franchisor and what is the legal protection for franchisees? for unilateral changes to franchise products by the franchisor. By using two legal theories as analysis tools, namely the legal protection theory from Satjipto Rahardjo and the legal consequences theory from Soeroso. The method used in this research is a normative juridical research method, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data only. The research approaches used are a statutory approach, a case approach, a conceptual approach, an analytical approach and techniques for collecting legal materials by identifying and inventorying positive legal materials, literature. books, journals and other source materials, the technique for analyzing legal materials is carried out using legal interpretation (interpretation), systematic interpretation and methods of analogous legal construction, legal refinement construction (rechtsverfijning) and a contrary argument. The legal consequences of a franchise agreement in the event of a unilateral change to the franchise product by the franchisor, is the disappearance of the legal situation and relationship between the franchiser and the franchisee due to the franchiser's default which has implications for the franchisee experiencing losses due to not providing products, tools and materials for the franchise object. as is the classification that has been agreed. Legal protection for franchisees for unilateral changes to franchise products by the franchisor will be better protected if the Franchise Agreement regulates specific protection of the suitability of the franchise object, and the franchise agreement is not made standardly by the franchisor but is formulated together with the franchisee. . Because standard agreements are more susceptible to taking sides for the unilateral benefit of the agreement maker.
 
 
 

Scenario Planning Approach of Coal Market Sales on PT ABCoal Towards Energy Transitions Era

Nowadays, energy transition is one of the major events faced by coal producers, particularly Indonesian coal producers. PT ABCoal is one of the largest coal producers in Indonesia. Based on the company’s 5-year plan, PT ABCoal is expected to increase its production volume from 25 to 30 million metric tons to around 35 to 45 million metric tons. Within the export market, most of the sales (around 50%) were sold to the Chinese market through off-takers. Meanwhile, the 25% for the domestic market is obliged by the Indonesian government regulation and is not negotiable. This research aimed to understand the future condition of the coal market within the next five years and what scenario would likely happen in the next five years. Afterward, it would try to provide the coal sales strategy that will fit into those scenarios using explorative scenario planning with expert interviews to obtain the perspective and knowledge from an interviewee who has expertise in this field. The obtained answers are then mapped into the PESTLE analysis framework to obtain more understanding and collect thorough driving forces data. The critical impact and high uncertainty were determined through qualitative-quantitative analysis from interview results using content analysis. Based on the analysis in this research, it is concluded that the top driving forces that are being used for scenario elements are coal price and government regulation. This research creates four scenarios that are called business as usual, finding a new home, home sweet home, and more is better. Each scenario needs a different approach to coal sales strategy to optimize its revenue and ensure the sustainability of its selling operation. The coal sales strategy optimization for each scenario is based on domestic and export composition, preferable domestic industry target composition, and developing-country export composition.

Pollution level in Domas coastal waters based on some water quality parameters

The coastal area of Banten Bay has a high population and industrial growth, which can harm the aquatic environment. Domas coastal waters are one of the water areas located on the east coast of Banten Bay. This study aims to determine the water pollution level in Domas coastal waters, Banten Bay, based on water quality parameters. This study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2022 at six sites. The data were compared with the quality standards for marine biota based on Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, and the quality status based on the Nemerow Pollution Index according to the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 115 of 2003. The values of each parameter during the research were temperature (29.27-29.80°C), turbidity (4.62-22.13 NTU), total suspended solid (12.72-69.07 mg L-1), pH (7), dissolved oxygen (6.32-6.63 mg L-1), salinity (30.67-31.67 ppt), ammonia (0.15-0.44 mg L-1), nitrite (0.03-0.08 mg L-1), nitrate (1.23-1.66 mg L-1), and total phosphate (0.11-0.15 mg L-1). The results of this study showed that Domas coastal waters have been indicated to be moderately polluted (5.7-5.9).

Oil and Grease Contamination of Raw Water for Drinking Purposes in Karawang Regency, Indonesia

Raw water for drinking purposes in Karawang Regency has been taken from irrigation canals where the water comes from one of the most polluted rivers in the world, the Citarum River. In addition, domestic waste disposal in irrigation canals increases the threat of pollution load enhancement, especially oil and grease. The current study aims to identify oil and grease contamination in raw water for drinking purposes along irrigation canals throughout Karawang Regency. A total of 33 composite samples were taken along the irrigation canals (50 km) in Karawang Regency and analyzed using the gravimetric method, following Indonesian National Standard No. 03-7016-2004 and APHA-AWWA and WEF No. 5520F. In the current study, the presence of Cr6+, Hg, As, Cd and Pb in all water samples was also identified using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results showed that oil and grease levels in 21 of 33 samples exceeded the quality standards regulated in Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22/2021, with 1.20-162.80 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L, respectively. It indicated that the water has decreased in quality and cannot be directly used as raw water for drinking purposes. Meanwhile, heavy metals were found in low concentrations, almost undetectable along the waters.

Implementation of Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 in Overcoming River Water Pollution Cases

This article reviews the application of Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2021 in cases of river water pollution that occurs in Indonesia. This study aims to provide explanation and understanding to readers in order to understand the applicable laws related to environmental law in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical, which focuses on the analysis of legal documents and literature sources. The results of this study show that environmental regulations in Indonesia are clearly listed in the current list of laws and regulations. But in reality or in its implementation has not been in accordance with what has been stated in the existing regulations, there are still many companies that dump their waste carelessly into the river without considering the adverse impact on the surrounding community. There are also many companies that do not have AMDAL And this pollution is also caused by the low level of supervision carried out by the government.

Evaluation of Floating Net Cage (FNC) in Penerusan Bay, Bali Based on Their Plankton Community

Floating net cages (FNC) are one of the common methods to cultivate fish, in Indonesia, affecting the physicochemical and biological parameters. This study evaluated the water quality conditions in two different FNCs based on the physiochemical and biological parameters. There were four locations to be sampled: two FNC (snappers (KP) and groupers (KR)) and two control sites that were placed outside of FNC (Non-KP and Non-KR). Several water physicochemical parameters were measured, and the plankton community was identified. The observation showed the total suspended solid (TSS) (2.57–2.64 mg/L), pH (8.26–8.3), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (0.75–1.52 mg/L) and orthophosphate (P) (0.008–0.044 mg/L). Furthermore, in certain sites, some parameters did not meet the Indonesian Government Standard No. 22 in 2021, including nitrate concentration (KP, Non-KP, and KR), dissolved oxygen (KR and Non-KR), and P (KR and Non-KR). Meanwhile, the phytoand zooplankton diversity index (H') was 3.61-4.69 and 1.27-2.54, which confirmed that the level of diversity of phytoand zooplankton was high and moderate status. Four sites showed low phyto- and zooplankton dominance levels and were distributed evenly (E ≥ 0.81). This study concludes that based on water quality parameters, KP and KR did not meet the Indonesian Government Regulation in some parameters, but they had a stable ecosystem based on the phytoand zooplankton structure community.

Exploration of Educational Practices through Integration-Based Madrasahs According to Muhammad Iqbal's Perspective Study at Madrasah Ibtida'iyyah (Mi) Nu Banat Kudus Indonesia

This paper discusses the educational practices carried out by integrative-based Madrasahs in the view of Muhammad Iqbal, located in Madrasah Ibtida'iyah (MI) NU Banat Kudus (MI at the same level as elementary schools). Researchers conducted direct observations and interviewed several parties from MI and documentation support. Qualitative data that have been analyzed descriptively detect two dimensions of subject groups: general lessons and salaf, supported by various religious activities. The content of salaf lessons at MI NU Banat Kudus consists of pegon, imla', nahwu, shorof, i'lal, tarikh, tafsir, and mahfudhot, equipped with local content, namely musyafahah al-Qur'an, salat, fiqh salat, tawhid, akhlaq, and calligraphy. The religious activities that were successfully detected were dhuha prayer, asmaul husna recitation, dziba' recitation, tadarus al-Qur'an, tahlilan, khotmil Qur'an, da'wah training, and congregational dhuhur prayer. In general subjects, in addition to adjusting Indonesian government regulations, MI NU Banat Kudus has a uniquely distinctive, namely; students and teachers must practice four languages: Indonesian, Arabic, English and Javanese. MI NU Banat Kudus complements it by equipping students to choose pencak silat, table tennis, scouts, computers, choirs, and volleyball. Thus, MI NU Banat Kudus has implemented an Islamic education system from Muhammad Iqbal's perspective, namely integrative Education, by combining modern science and Islamic values and emphasizing their importance in developing reason, spirituality, and creativity in Education. In some conditions, teachers apply outing classes to see the natural environment in absolute terms and contextualize the knowledge that students have obtained.

Analysis of amendments to government regulation no 57 concerning national education number 04 of 2022

Education is one of the important sectors in the development of a country. Indonesian education is faced with various challenges, both internal and external challenges. Indonesian Government Regulation (PP) Number 57 of 2021 concerning National Education being changes policy Number 4 of 2022. This changes cause uncertainty legally and administratively in formal carry out educational activities. Several important changes have been noted in PP 57 of 2021 concerning National Education period 4 of 2022. These changes include curriculum adjustments, building an assessment system, increasing the quality of the number of teachers and teaching staff and changes in education management at the school National level. With the issue arise, there is need for analyze the changes made in PP 57 of 2021 and their impact on national education system. This research aim to investigates the impact of implementation new regulation policy Number 4 of 2022. The method used is literature study. The results show that there’s have been significant changes in PP 57 of 2021 which affect various positive aspects of national education system. Adjusting the curriculum, improving the quality of teachers, and developing evaluations are important steps in improving the quality of education in Indonesia.

THE LEGAL STUDY OF NORMS OF CORNEAL DONOR REGULATION IN INDONESIA

This research is determined to analyze about Indonesian citizen human rights and constitutional rights as a corneal transplant donors and recipients, also to analyze legal protection for Indonesian citizens. This research is a normative juridical method which is research that discusses about principles in law science, to look for solutions or legal issues to identify the basic meanings of rights and obligations, legal events, legal relations, and legal objects. Using a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. Corneal donor and transplantation in Indonesia is a human right that must be protected and has been regulated in Article 25 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights and are also emphasized in Article 12 of the International Convention on Economic Social and Cultural Rights. Meanwhile the constitutional rights of Indonesian citizens as donors and recipients of corneal transplants have actually been stipulated in Article 28 H of the 1945 Constitution jo, Article 9, Article 64 Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2 of the Health Law No. 36 of 2009, Article 28 of the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 53 of 2021, but these regulatory norms still do not provide optimal guarantees for both donors and recipients of corneal transplants.

Water quality pollution indices to assess the heavy metal contamination: A case study of the estuarine waters in Cirebon City (West Java, Indonesia) Pre- and post- CARE COVID-19

The outbreak of Covid-19 has hindered societal activities, leading the government to implement lockdown measures aimed at minimizing transmission. The reduction in human activities, particularly among communities residing in estuarine areas, has the potential to impact the water quality of estuaries based on physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the coastal and marine environment is also evident in Cirebon, a port city renowned for trade and industry situated on the northern coast of Java Island.This study aims to analyse the water quality of three river estuaries in Cirebon before, during, and after the Covid-19 lockdown, specifically during the implementation of Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (CARE) in Indonesia. Water samples from the Kesenden, Sukalila, and Kalijaga estuaries were collected in 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023. These three stations were chosen because they are the three major river estuaries in the city of Cirebon, and each station is located in close proximity to coastal communities. These estuaries are adjacent to residential areas and serve as parking areas for small fishing boats owned by coastal communities residing around the estuaries. The river estuaries were selected as they represent transitional areas and the final discharge point of community activities that ultimately flow into the sea. Each parameter will be compared against the water quality standards of Class II as per Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) method will be employed to classify the heavy metal index.The assessment of the heavy metal pollution index in 2019 ranged between 34.138 and 34.140, in 2020 the range was from 34.137 to 34.139, in 2022 it ranged from 29.561 to 31.86, and in 2023, the values for the heavy metal index were approximately ±34.116. Consequently, the water quality at the three observation stations exhibited improvement during the pandemic but regressed after the conclusion of the lockdown period.

JUDICIAL MAFIA AND ITS PROBLEMS: AN EXAMINATION FROM THE INTERPRETATION OF IBN KATHĪR ON SURAH AL-MĀIDAH VERSE 8 AND AL-BAQARAH

This article discusses the judicial mafia within the religious and governmental landscape of Indonesia. The judicial mafia has recently come under scrutiny due to various issues of misconduct such as corruption, collusion, and nepotism. When examined further, the Quran also emphasizes that unfair and dishonest actions are intolerable, and in the legal perspective of Indonesia, it regulates criminal acts of corruption and their penalties. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the researcher will elucidate the principles of justice found in the Quran, specifically in Surah al-Mâidah [5]: 8 and Surah al-Baqarah [2]: 188, as interpreted by Ibn Kathȋr, and their relevance to Indonesian laws and government regulations. The findings of this study are as follows: First, Ibn Kathir asserts that achieving justice necessitates the presence of fair and faithful witnesses. Second, when a decision is made that is unjust and has detrimental effects on a case, it should be reconsidered by the judge for fairness. Third, the judicial mafia can be prevented through continuous monitoring and evaluation of institutional bodies.

Market Reaction to the Implementation of Coal Royalty Tariff Policy in Indonesia

The impact of government regulation on the mining industry is captivating to explore, specifically the newly reformed Coal Royalty Tariff. This present research captures the market's response to two tariff policy reforms, namely the Indonesian Government Regulation Number 25 of 2021 and Government Regulation Number 15 of 2022 building upon the semi-strong form market efficiency. T-Test analysis is used to test the hypothesis in which the abnormal returns from sample companies in the mining sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange surround the enactment of government regulations. There is no abnormal return that occurred around the enactment of Government Regulation Number 25 of 2021, while the enactment of Government Regulation Number 15 of 2022 do generate abnormal return. Results imply a solid relationship between changes in risk and the investors’ expected future profitability as investors’ expectations are depicted in the stock price movements. This concludes that uncertainty following changes in government regulation constitutes an additional premium required by the investors. Our findings provide empirical evidence to the literature of semi-strong form market efficiency hypothesis (EMH) displaying that the market response to the implementation of changes in policies, especially the government should give proper attention to the issue of determining tariffs and investors should evaluate their required premium based on the impact of tariff changes.
 Keywords: Stock Price, Coal Mining, Government Policies, Royalty Rate

Aspek Hukum Surat Tanda Nomor Kendaraan Yang Pajaknya Telah Habis Masa Berlaku Saat Dilakukan Pemeriksaan Oleh Polisi Lalu Lintas

Introduction: The ticket is a fine imposed by the police on road users who violate the regulation. Vehicle registration certificate or STNK for short, is proof of registration and ratification of a motorized vehicle based on its registered identity and ownership. Motor Vehicle Tax is a tax levied on ownership and/or ownership of motorized vehicles. 
 Purposes of the Research: The traffic police have the authority to provide evidence of violations (tickets) in the form of confiscating vehicle registration certificates during motor vehicle inspections. What legal policy is followed by motor vehicle users whose Vehicle Registration Certificate has expired. 
 Methods of the Research: This study clearly includes normative legal with secondary data. The main problem in this study obviously is achieved by using a juridical-normative approach. 
 Results Originality of the Research: The results of this study were the police have the authority in terms of traffic violations such as vehicle registration tickets whose taxes have expired. All regulations regarding vehicle registration tickets by the police are regulated in the Traffic and Road Transport Law, Law no. 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police and Government Regulation No. 80 of 2012 concerning Procedures for Inspection of Motorized Vehicles on the Road and Enforcement of Traffic and Road Transportation Violations. Legal policies that can be carried out include preventive measures that carry out traffic regulation, conduct traffic control, socialize to the public to comply with traffic regulations, increase the number of police facilities and increase patrol escort activities, especially in vulnerable and vulnerable areas. Meanwhile, for repressive efforts, namely by issuing ticket and reprimand.

Does tax socialization, tax rate change and understanding of taxation effect on taxpayer compliance after the implementation of Indonesian government regulation No. 23 of 2018?

This study aims to prove the effect of tax socialization, Tax Rate Changes and understanding of taxation on MSMEs taxpayer compliance registered at Tax Office Pratama Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia. A sample of 100 method taxpayers Simple Random Sampling which is measured by the formula Slovin. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study concluded that tax socialization, Tax Rate Changes and understanding of taxation had a positive and significant effect on MSMEs taxpayer compliance partially and simultaneously.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENUMPANG ANGKUTAN UMUM YANG MENGALAMI TINDAKAN OVERLOAD

In general, people use public transportation such as buses as a mode of transportation for travel-related activities. However, since the ignorance of passengers in transportation is often at the disadvantage, it is important to protect their interests. The aims of this study were to: 1) find out the legal rules for public transportation based on the load of passengers and goods and 2) find out the legal protection for passengers if they take public transportation that is experiencing an overload action. This study uses normative juridical research methods, using primary legal materials, secondary materials and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study show that the rules for transportation based on the load of passengers and goods may not be combined, but there are additions to Article 4 paragraph 2 and Article 10 paragraph 3 of the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 74 of 2014 concerning road transportation, regulations may be used if they meet the applicable requirements. Meanwhile, for legal protection for passengers who experience excessive acts, there is social insurance for passengers formed by the government which refers to jasa raharja insurance. The settlement can be through two, namely litigation and non-litigation

Navigating Upstream Indonesia’s Oil and Gas (O&G) Services Industry Amidst the Cleaner Energy Transition Era with A Scenario Planning Framework

The global movement for a cleaner energy environment has continuously grown and has become unstoppable. It causes the large carbon-producing sectors, such as the Oil and Gas (O&G) industry, to be under intense pressure to immediately reduce their carbon footprint and to immediately produce cleaner energy sources. Therefore, the business players involved, such as the O&G services industry, need to make the urgent decision to reassess its current business strategy. However, to make the right decision, it needs to have a forward-looking scenario of how the industry will evolve in the middle of the cleaner energy transition era. In this situation, scenario planning becomes essential, as it provides a valuable tool to analyze potential future dynamics regarding the dynamics of the O&G landscape, what drives them, and the impacts they may have. In this research, the researcher developed scenario planning based on the interview involving Indonesia's O&G stakeholders, such as the representative of O&G services companies, operators, regulatory bodies (ESDM and SKK Migas), and energy analyst. The result of scenario planning indicates four possible scenarios for Indonesia's O&G industry in the future, resulting from the interplay between Indonesia's Government Regulation, Incentive / Tax Regimes, with Technological Advancement. These scenarios are Laggard in Cleaner Energy Transition, Vanguard in Cleaner Energy Transition, Stagnation in Cleaner Energy Transition, and Revolution in Cleaner Energy Transition. In the end, the author proposed a business strategy that fits each scenario. The proposed strategy focuses on reassessing the investment scheme, core competencies, strategic partnership, business model, and organization cultures and identity. Thus, by implementing this strategy, the O&G Services industry is expected to thrive, regardless of whichever scenario happens in the future.

Badan Usaha Milik Desa dan Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat

This research aims to clarify the role of Binor Village-Owned Enterprises, in accordance with Government Regulation Number 11 of 2021 concerning Village-Owned Enterprises. Binor Village, Paiton District, Probolinggo Regency became the location of this research. This research is included in the category of qualitative research. The data used are both primary data and secondary data. The primary data is based on interviews while the secondary data is in the form of Binor village profiles and Binor village BUMDes profiles. The triangulation method is used to test the correctness of the data. This study uses data analysis by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and concluding. The Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 11 of 2021 stipulates that BUMDes are established to carry out economic business activities through business management, as well as investment development, economic productivity, and village potential, which are realized through business units in BUMDes. The findings of the study show that the role of BUMDes Binor Energy has been going well, developing, and providing various benefits for the village community.