Indonesia Research Articles

INFLUENCE OF STRESS AND SELF REGULATED LEARNING ON ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework meant to understand, predict and control the factors which are affecting procrastination in university students in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach : The paper examines the research conducted in the areas of procrastination and proposes a conceptual theoretical framework that can be used to understand how procrastination is related with stress and self-regulated learning on students. Participants : This research was made possible with the participation of students who are in city of Bekasi country, Indonesia. The population of the study was composed by 92 respondents consisting of men and women, from various tribes such as Javanese, Balinese, Sunda, Ambon and so on who are in the city of Bekasi. Findings: In line with the literature-based analysis, was found a theoretical framework between stress and self-regulated learning with procrastination. Research limitations/implications: Procrastination on students have a significant impact, especially in the preparation of final tasks; there is an internal perception that stress and self-regulated learning will increase the burden of students in completing academic tasks. Hopefully, students can understand that and are able to cope with of stress and self-regulated learning that is carried out. Practical implications: This research is used to descript the influencing factors of procrastination that can be used by practitioners to identify and intervene students from delaying assignments allowing students to cope with stress or self-study about a given assignment. Originality/value : This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical framework that contributes to the conceptualization of procrastination and will help student as well to understand the underlying causes of stress and self-regulated learning. Article visualizations:

Re/constructing collective memory: coal-mining Heritage Museums in Sawahlunto, Indonesia

Re/constructing collective memory: coal-mining Heritage Museums in Sawahlunto, Indonesia

COVID-19 and kidney diseases in Indonesia

At the end of 2019, flu-like illness and pneumonia with an unknown cause first appeared in China Later it is identified as Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) This life-threatening disease spreads fastly worldwide and makes some disturbances in the health system, economy, and society It affects many organs, especially the respiratory tract Kidney involvement presents a lot of patients and increases morbidity and mortality A recent study showed that abnormal kidney function was related to death in patients with COVID-19 This complication should be considered to prevent the worsening of the disease The immune system plays a major role in this pathogenesis of disease and kidney problems In this difficult situation, understanding COVID-19 and kidney diseases will help us to get proper management and prevention to solve the problem © 2020 EManuscript Technologies All rights reserved

AN EVALUATION OF SCHOLARLY WORKS IN ZAKAT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS JOURNALS IN INDONESIA

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam and an Islamic social instrument to reduce poverty Also, the research about it has been conducted worldwide. However, none of the researchers has primarily evaluated the literature of zakat using bibliometric analysis. Using VOSviewer software to 280 journal articles published in six Islamic economics journals in Indonesia, this research aims to evaluate the scholarly works specifically in zakat in Indonesia. The results of this study show that the AL-IQTISHAD journal is the one published in most articles in zakat . Hence, those who are interested in publishing articles in zakat may select this journal. Besides, the maps based on co-occurrence keyword and title show that zakat is a less popular topic in Islamic economics journals in Indonesia.

The Relationship of Smoking Habits to Public Health Status in Efforts Tobacco Control in Indonesia (Secondary Data IFLS 5 2014)

Tingkat konsumsi rokok di Indonesia meningkat setiap tahun sehingga mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan masyarakat. Konsumsi rokok merupakan salah satu penyebab faktor risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular. Upaya pemerintah dalam mengendalikan rokok diatur dalam PP 109 tahun 2012. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok terhadap status kesehatan masyarakat dalam upaya pengendalian tembakau di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Indonesia Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS 5) dengan metode mix method. Desain penelitian ini sequential eksplanatory design, didahului analisis data kuantitif pada 5.221 responden dan dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kualitatif. Variabel independen terdiri dari provinsi, umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, penghasilan, usia mulai merokok, jumlah rokok, jenis rokok, dan kesulitan menahan diri untuk tidak merokok di tempat umum. Variabel dependen yaitu status kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan status kesehatan adalah provinsi (OR 1,504); jenis kelamin (OR 2.574); pekerjaan (OR 8,730-19,275); penghasilan (OR 0,501-1,366); usia mulai merokok (OR 1,019); jenis rokok (OR 1,076-3,023). Pengendalian tembakau belum berhasil, pemerintah harus lebih serius, tegas, dan ketat dalam membuat regulasi pengendalian tembakau sehingga dapat menekan tingkat konsumsi rokok di Indonesia.

ANALISIS RASIO INETERNAL PERUSAHAAN YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL

The bank's financial performance can be assessed from several indicators, one of the main indicators used as the basis for the assessment is the bank's financial statements. Based on the financial statements, a number of financial ratios can be calculated which are commonly used as a basis for assessing the soundness of a bank. Financial ratios are the results of calculations of bank financial data, which are used to explain the relationship between financial data. Financial ratios that can measure financial performance, can be referred to as internal ratios. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Net Interest Margin (NIM), Net Performing Loans (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Return on Assets (ROA). The study uses quantitative methods by taking samples of conventional commercial banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling with a sample of 19 banking companies. Data analysis techniques used descriptive analysis with panel data regression models using eviews 10. The results showed that the Net Interest Margin (NIM) had a significant positive effect on Return On Assets (ROA), so that banking companies had to keep NIM at a high ratio by maintaining loan asset quality and operating expense efficiency; Non Performing Loans (NPLs) have a significant negative effect on profitability (ROA), so as to increase Return On Assets (ROA) banking companies must keep their Net Performing Loans (NPLs) at a low ratio by suppressing the existence of problem loans through loan restructuring; Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) has no effect on Return On Assets (ROA), so that banking companies must increase lending so that profits from loan interest obtained will increase, but lending must be done prudentially and compliance so as not to cause non-performing loans; and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has no effect on profitability (ROA), so banks must improve efficiency and reduce problem financing.

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN GENDER SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI (Studi Pada Perguruan Tinggi di Kota Tegal)

Abstract Universities in Indonesia continue to improve the performance of their institutions by improving the performance of their employees. The performance of higher education institutions is one of the determining factors is the result of employee work. The decline in employee performance from the initial observations can be seen from the increasing number of late hours of the employee being the object of researcher's observation. Based on the results of a literature review conducted by researchers found that it is possible that employee performance is influenced by compensation, work environment and organizational culture. The researcher also guesses that there are differences between men and women on the influence of the compensation environment, work environment and organizational culture on employee performance. Determination of the number of samples in this study using the Slovin formula so as to get a sample of 75 respondents from the employee's morals as many as 276 people and the determination of the sample in this study using random sampling. Researchers in conducting data analysis using the PLS method and using the SmartPLS 2.0 M3 tool. The results of this study found that compensation, work environment and organizational culture affect employee performance without regard to gender, whereas when researchers enter gender it appears that gender successfully moderates the effect of compensation and work environment on employee performance but fails to moderate the effect of organizational culture on employee performance.

Reconstruction Law on Used of Surakarta Sunanate TCES in Indonesia based on Dignified Justice

Reconstruction Law on Used of Surakarta Sunanate TCES in Indonesia based on Dignified Justice

Difference of Predisposing Factors with Notification Pulmonary TB through Rapid Moleculer Test and Specimen Transportation Method of TB Health Centre Staff

In 2017 North Sumatera province had a TB incident of 73,488 with CDR BTA(+) 65,7%, and CNR of 185/100.000 population higher than Indonesia. CDR BTA(+) Deli Serdang District is 61,6% is below than CDR average of North Sumatera province 65,7%. The Deli Serdang District is one of the fostered area of the international NGO KNCV to accelerate the process of elimination of TB by providing facilities assistance and improvement of human resources. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship predisposing factors of pulmonary TB staff in Health Centre to achieve the case notification of pulmonary TB through Rapid Moleculer Test with Xpert MTB/RIF and Specimen Transportation methods. This research using cross sectional design and population is all TB staff (34 staffs) in the Health Centres in Deli Serdang District where is each Health centre has 1 TB staff. Data collection is conducted with interviews using pre-tested questionnaires and get approval from the Ethics committee of the Faculty of Nursing Universitas Sumatera Utara. Analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Kruskall Wallis. The result of this research there is no relationship of predisposing factors with the Pulmonary TB case notification using Rapid Moleculer Test and Specimen Transportation method in Deli Serdang District.

Pengaruh Pelatihan Bantuan Hidup Dasar Terhadap Motivasi Untuk Memberikan Pertolongan Pada Korban Henti Jantung Oleh Mahasiswa Pramugari

Background of Study : The first tretament or victims of cardiac arrest is strongly influenced by the quality of emergency services, but other factors that can be supportive is the right way to help when outside the hospital. Cardiac events can occur anywhere and at any time including on the plane. When traveling by plane, the cabin crew in the aircraft are required to be able to do the first handler in the event of cardiac arrest. One of the cabin crew is a flight attendant who is tasked with maintaining security and serving the needs of passengers. Flight attendant students are prospective flight attendants who are prepared to have these skills, so that it can cause motivation for flight attendant students when entering the workforce. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of basic life support training on the motivation to provide assistance to victims of cardiac arrest by Stewardess Students at STTKD Yogyakarta. Methods : This study Led Pre experimental Design. Sampling research using random sampling. The study was conducted at the STTKD Yogyakarta. The sample size in this study were 25 respondents. Analysis of the data used is the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results : There was a difference in motivation before and after basic life support training in cardiac arrest victims by STTKD Stewardess Students in Yogyakarta with a value (p = 0.008). Conclusion : Basic life support training can increase the motivation of stewardess students to help victims of cardiac arrest. Keywords : Basic Life Support, Cardiac Arrest, Motivation, Stewardess Students Korespondensi: Niken Setyaningrum, Stikes Surya Global Yogyakarta, Blado Potorono Banguntapan, Bantul, DIY, Indonesia, 085292917222, nikensetyaningrum7@gmail.com.

HUKUM DAN PEDOMAN ZAKAT FITRAH DENGAN UANG (KAJIAN FATWA MUI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA, NO. 1 TAHUN 2018)

Trend umat Islam belakangan ini -mungkin karena alasan kemudahan dan pertimbangan uang lebih praktis dan mudah dibelanjakanpembayaran zakat Fitrah konvensional berbentuk beras (makanan pokok mayoritas umat Islam bermazhab Syafi’i di Indonesia) mulai bergeser dan diganti dengan konversi nilai uang mengikuti mazhab Hanafi. Kecenderungan umat Islam di Indonesia mengkonversi zakat Fitrah berbentuk beras dengan uang taqlid mazhab Hanafi, harus diuji dari sisi prosedur taqlid agar tidak terjadi penyimpangan dan talfiq yang dilarang.Ramadhan tahun 1441 H. ini dalam situasi wabah Covid-19, di mana pemerintah melarang kerumunan massa dan mengharuskan physical distancing, kewajiban zakat Fitrah dengan uang melalui transfer, menjadi salah satu solusi terbaik untuk menghindari pertemuan fisik yang bisa saja berpotensi menularkan virus. Tulisan ini, secara khusus mengkaji persoalan zakat Fitrah dengan uang, mulai: pengertian zakat Fitrah, prosedur zakat Fitrah dengan uang menurut mazhab Hanafi, dan isu-isu lain terkait. Kajian semacam ini tidak saja bermanfaat bagi akademisi dan umat Islam yang zakat Fitrah dengan uang, tetapi juga bermanfaat untuk Panitia Pengumpul Zakat, Baznas, Laznas, dan institusi lainnya sebagai pedoman zakat Fitrah dengan uang. Persoalan ini dikaji dengan penelitian kepustakaan (library research1), merujuk pada literatur yang berisi fatwa ulama sesuai tema.

The predominance of non-communicable diseases and unhealthy eating patterns

Abstract. Khariri, Andriani L. 2020. The predominance of non-communicable diseases and unhealthy eating patterns. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 6: 624-627. Indonesia in the last decade has a double burden, namely infectious and non-communicable diseases. This is related to the slow decline in the incidence of infectious diseases and even tends to persist, but on the other hand the incidence of non-communicable diseases is moving fast enough and more dominating its impact. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that nearly two-thirds of deaths worldwide are caused by non-communicable diseases. The mortality rate due to non-communicable diseases is expected to continue to increase worldwide with the largest increases occurring in low and middle-income countries. The main risk factors for non-communicable diseases include unhealthy community dietary behavior. This paper examines several types of non-communicable diseases that are affected due to unbalanced and unhealthy consumption behavior as a risk factor. In the results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), several non-communicable diseases found a high prevalence such as stroke, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, cancer and chronic kidney failure. In the list of diseases that are the highest causes of death in Indonesia, non-communicable diseases dominate the treats, whereas infectious diseases are only tuberculosis, which still plays the second highest cause of death after stroke. The burden faced by the Indonesian people in tackling health problems is increasing with the existence of an epidemiological transition marked by a shift in causes of death for all ages from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases.

Economic efficiency of community-based flood risk management: An empirical study from Indonesia

Economic efficiency of community-based flood risk management: An empirical study from Indonesia

Analysis Of Electric Bicycles As A Vehicle In Indonesia: A Normative Legal Review

Abstrak:Dalam perkembangannya terdapat kendaraan berupa sepeda listrik yang notabene memiliki dua sumber energi yaitu energi manusia dan energi listrik. Kendaraan yang memiliki dua sumber energi penggerak ini disebut juga sebagai hybrid vehicle. Di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia terkait dengan hybrid vehicle, yang notabene memiliki dua sumber energi, seperti sepeda listrik yang menggabungkan energi manusia dan listrik tidak terdapat pengaturan. Hal ini menimbulkan problematika terkait dengan legalitas sepeda listrik yang ada di masyarakat. Ketidakjelasan legalitas sepeda listrik ini memiliki problematik hukum yaitu 1) kedudukan hukum sepeda listrik di Indonesia dan 2) akibat hukum sepeda listrik sebagai kendaraan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa sepeda listrik t tergolong sebagai kendaraan tidak bermotor. Hal ini didasarkan pada argumentasi bahwa sumber utama tenaga penggerak sepeda listrik adalah tenaga manusia dan dengan penafsiran ekstensif sepeda listrik merupakan perluasan dari sepeda pada umumnya. Akibat hukum yang muncul ketika sepeda listrik tergolong sebagai kendaraan tidak bermotor, berarti terdapat hak dan kewajiban hukum bagi pengendara sepeda listrik tersebut. Terdapat dua klasifikasi kewajiban bagi pengemudi sepeda listrik, dimana terdapat kewajiban yang hanya bersifat anjuran karena tidak memiliki sanksi ketika tidak dilaksanakan dan kewajiban yang memiliki sanksi ketika tidak dilaksanakan. Adapun hak-hak bagi pengemudi sepeda listrik adalah terdapat fasilitas-fasilitas khusus bagi pengendara sepeda listrikKata Kunci: sepeda listrik, legalitas, kendaraan. Abstract: In its development, there is a vehicle in the form of electric bicycles which incidentally has two sources of energy namely human energy and electrical energy. This vehicle that has two sources of propulsion energy is also called hybrid vehicles. Though, there is not yet an Indonesian regulations related to hybrid vehicles, which has two energy sources, such as electric bicycles that combine human energy and electricity. This raises problems related to the legality of electric bicycles in the society. The unclear legality of electric bicycles has legal problems namely 1) the legal standing of electric bicycles in Indonesia and 2) legal consequences of electric bicycles as vehicles in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach. Based on this research, it was found that electric bicycles are classified as non-motorized vehicles. This is based on the argument that the main source of electric bicycle driving force is human power and with an extensive interpretation of electric bikes as an extended version ofa bicycle in general. The legal consequences that arise when electric bicycles are classified as non-motorized vehicles are the legal rights and obligations for the electric cyclist. There are two classifications of liabilities for electric bicycle riders, where there are obligations that are in the form of cautionary suggestions because they do not have sanctions or punishment for not implementing the recommendationand ones that have sanctions when not applied. One of the rights received byelectric bicycle drivers are special facilities for electric bicycle ridersKeywords: electric bicycle, legality, vehicle.

In vitro regulation of IL-6 and TGF-ß by mesenchymal stem cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Aim To analyse the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to regulate interleukin 6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) expression in vitro under co-culture conditions in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Method This study used a post-test group design that used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from SLE patients at Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia, and MSCs from a human umbilical cord. The cells were divided into two groups. The control group of PBMCs was treated with a standard medium, and the treatment group was co-cultured with the MSCs at a 1:40 ratio. Following 24 h incubation, the levels of IL-6 and TGF-β released in the culture medium were measured using a specific ELISA assay. Results This study showed a significant decrease in IL-6 level (p<0.05) and a significant increase in TGF-β level (p<0.001) following 24 h of co-culture incubation of human SLE PBMCs cells and MSCs. Conclusion The PBMCs-to-MSCs ratio of 1:40 can regulate the IL-6 and TGF-β levels in human SLE PBMCs.

People’s Knowledge About Mental Health in Pangandaran District, West Java, Indonesia

Mental health is one of Indonesia’s public health development goals. The Pangandaran District Administration of West Java is an expanded district that actively carries out various development programs, including mental health programs. This study aimed to identify public knowledge about mental health in Pangandaran District using quantitative descriptive method. The research population comprised residents of the Pangandaran District, and a sample was collected via cluster multistage sampling technique. The sample was gradually determined in the order of subdistricts, villages, subvillages, community units, and neighborhood units. The total sample was composed of 113 respondents. The questionnaire was developed based on theories and concepts on public mental health and distributed to participants after validity and reliability tests were conducted. The construct validity test result was between 0.303 and 0.764, which meant that all items were valid. The Kuder-Richardson 20 formula was used to test reliability, and the reliability coefficient was 0.887. Mathematical calculations were used for data analysis; data are presented as frequency distributions. In this study, 61.10% of the respondents had “less” knowledge, 33.59% had “good” knowledge, and the remaining 5.30% had “enough” knowledge of mental health. The results suggest that the local government should provide mental health education for the residents. For educational institutions, mental health programs should be a fundamental offering in Indonesian society. Abstrak Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Kesehatan Jiwa Kabupaten Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Sehat secara mental merupakan bagian dari tujuan pembangunan kesehatan masyarakat. Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangandaran merupakan kabupaten pemekaran yang sedang menggalakkan berbagai program pembangunan termasuk program kesehatan jiwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengetahuan masyarakat Kabupaten Pangandaran mengenai kesehatan jiwa. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh masyarakat Kabupaten Pangandaran dan sampel diambil menggunakan tehnik cluster multistage sampling. Tahapan penetapan sampel dilakukan bertahap mulai dari kecamatan, desa, dusun, rukun warga, sampai rukun tetangga dan didapat sebanyak 113 orang. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dibagikan pada seluruh responden. Kuisioner dikembangkan dari teori dan konsep kesehatan jiwa masyarakat dan sudah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Uji validitas konstrak didapatkan hasil berkisar antara 0,303 sampai 0,764 sehingga semua item dinyatakan valid. Uji reliabilitas menggunakan uji Kuder Richardson 20 dan diperoleh koefisien reliabilitas KR-20 sebesar 0,887. Analisa data menggunakan perhitungan matematis dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 61,10% responden kurang memiliki pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan jiwa, 33,59% responden memiliki pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan jiwa yang baik, dan sisanya 5,30% responden memiliki pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan jiwa yang cukup. Saran, bagi pemerintah setempat agar memberikan pendidikan kesehatan jiwa bagi masyarakat. Bagi instansi pendidikan, diharapkan menjadi data dasar dalam membuat program kesehatan jiwa di masyarakat. Kata kunci: Jawa Barat, kesehatan jiwa, kesehatan masyarakat, Pangandaran, pengetahuan masyarakat

Hantavirus: Structure, Mechanism of Transmission of Disease, Development of Drugs and Vaccines, and Prevention in Indonesia

&lt;p class="awabstrak2"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; is a zoonosis transmitted by rodents and have been spread in various countries. &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; causes &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) and Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in humans is still receiving worldwide attention due to the high case fatality rate. Epidemiological studies have shown that &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; is widespread globally, including in Indonesia. Indonesia is an archipelago and has a tropical climate, and is crossed by the equator so that it has an enormous diversity of animals, including those that become reservoirs of &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; and other vulnerable animals. The high risk of developing &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; in Indonesia does not rule out the possibility of a &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; outbreak if no preventive action is taken. Until now there is no effective and safe vaccine or treatment for &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt;. Various development efforts continue to be made to obtain an appropriate and safe vaccine to prevent and stop the spread of &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt;. This paper discusses &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt;, including its structure and mechanism of transmission, the current situation of &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt; in Indonesia and the efforts that can be made to prevent &lt;em&gt;Hantavirus&lt;/em&gt;, including the development of vaccines and their drugs.&lt;/p&gt;

Book review: Nugroho, K., Carden, F. and Antlov, H. 2018: Local Knowledge Matters: Power, Context and Policymaking in Indonesia

Nugroho, K., Carden, F. and Antlov, H. 2018: Local Knowledge Matters: Power, Context and Policymaking in Indonesia. Bristol: Policy Press. xiii + 174 pp. £22.50 (Cloth). ISBN: 978-1447348078 (Cloth).

The prevalence and related risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea in heart failure patients at the indonesian referral hospital for respiratory diseases

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is closely associated with metabolic diseases such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. OSA is also frequently found in patients with heart failure. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors which affect the incidence of OSA in patients with heart failure. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 samples of patients with heart failure in the cardiac outpatient clinic and inpatient ward of the Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Results: Using the Berlin Questionnaire, 42 patients (60%) were found to be at high risk of OSA. Using the Chi-square test, it was found that age (P = 0.988), gender (P = 0.678), body mass index (P = 0.170), neck circumference (P = 0.605), abdominal circumference (P = 0.189), blood pressure (P = 0.922), and smoking (P = 0.678) factors did not have a significant correlation with OSA risk in patients with heart failure. While the tonsil size was found to have a significant correlation (P = 0.005). Conclusions: Patients with heart failure were at risk of having OSA, and tonsil size was significantly correlated with OSA incidence in patients with heart failure.

Uji Teratogenik Air Rebusan Mie Instan Selama Masa Kehamilan Mencit Betina (Mus musculus L.) Melalui Pengamatan Kelainan Morfologi Fetus

Indonesia is one of the second ranked countries in the world consuming the most instant noodles. This product is liked by all people, especially pregnant women, so research is needed to determine the effect of consumption of instant noodles on fetal development. This study uses mice as a test animal. The purpose of this study was to determine the teratogenic effects of instant noodle cooking water on pregnant mice (Mus musculus L.) concentrations of 30%, 50%, and 70% based on morphological observations of fetal mice during pregnancy. This research is experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD) method using 60 experimental female mice in pregnancy divided into 10 groups, 1 group was given aquadest as a control group and 9 groups were given instant noodle cooking water in 3 different brands with a concentration of 30% , 50%, and 70% given on the 6th day of pregnancy until the 15th day of pregnancy. Then on the 18th day female mice were sacrificed by dislocation of the neck to see the teratogenic effects based on morphology in the fetus. The results of the statistical test showed that there were differences in the average number of dead fetuses in each group (p = 0.05), differences in body weight (p = 0.0001), and body length (p = 0.0001) and found one fetuses that experience cleftpalate or abnormalities in the palate of the fetus of mice in the treatment of instant noodle boiled water concentration of 70%