Indonesia Power Research Articles

Pathway towards 100% renewable energy in Indonesia power system by 2050

This study assesses Indonesia power system's transition pathway to reach 100% renewable energy in 2050. The pathway is determined based on least-cost optimisation in the TIMES model comparing 27 power plants and 3 energy storage technologies and using hourly demand and supply operational profile using 24-h time slices. From this study, it can be concluded that nuclear and solar PV utility-scale will play an essential role up to 16% and 70% of total electricity production, corresponding to 1396 TWh in 2050. The investment cost in 2050 is three times higher, and the emission is one-sixth lower than in Business as Usual, equal to 95 billion USD and 215 million tons of CO2-eq. The RE mix based on current policy generates a higher CO2 abatement cost, 120 USD/ton CO2-eq in 2050. The optimistic demand projection will increase the coal by 82% in Business as Usual also nuclear and solar PV utility-scale of about 126% and 62% in 100% RE, respectively. The exclusion nuclear in power system increase the installed capacity of solar PV utility-scale and battery, increase land requirement by 78%–83%, increase the variability of supply from other power plants and batteries, and increase 9.7% of electricity production cost.

Guide Vane (Gv) Governor Valve Plta Cikalong Unit 3

Hydro Power Plant or Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) is a power plant that uses renewable energy in the form of water. The Hydropower System converts the energy from flowing water into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. Water flows from the rapid pipe (Penstock) to the waterwheel or turbine where the water will hit the blades causing the waterwheel or turbine to rotate.Guide Vane is part of the turbine which functions to control the water flowing to the turbine. The guide vane opening control is adjusted using the Hydraulic Power Unit. The greater the open percentage of the guide vane, the faster the turbine rotates. The smaller the open percentage of the guide vane, the slower the turbine rotates. The size of the open percentage of the guide vane is regulated by the governor.The governor is a system used to stabilize the turbine rotation at PT. Indonesia Power UP Saguling Sub Unit PLTA Cikalong. The governor control system is carried out using PLC and HMI.

Community Development in Kemijen Village, East Semarang: A Corporate Social Responsibility in Practice

Companies, either state-owned and private which operates in the field and/or related to natural resources must implement Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), such as by PT Indonesia Power (PT. IP) UBP-Tambaklorok which is located nearby Tanjung Mas Harbor, Tambaklorok Village, North Semarang District. Semarang City. The CSR implementation should benefit for both sides, the company for its image and the local community for the implemented programs. Therefore it is important to analyse perception of the local community as well as their opinions about the company's CSR activities in their village, in this case is the people of Kemijen village which is located adjacent to the PT. IP’s area. This research is descriptive qualitative, done in 2019, describing the phenomenon of CSR implementation by PT. IP, and the perception of the local community of Kemijen village towards the CSR activities implemented by PT. IP. The informants were taken using purposive sampling technique, covering both formal and informal leaders, the local people, as well as community development officer of PT. IP. Primary data was gathered using in-depth interview technique and observation. Secondary data consist of documents. Primary and secondary data was then coded and analysed interactively. PT. IP has formulated and implemented the Company’s strategies into CSR Roadmap 2015-2019, which is the grand strategy and a milestone of CSR implementation to integrate CSR strategy into the Company’s strategy, in the sectors of education, health, economy, and infrastructure. According to the perception of the Kemijen villagers, there have been both benefit and insufficiency of the PT. IP’s CSR implementation. They expect more programs to be implemented, in order to allowing them more opportunities for poverty alleviation.

Correlation Analysis of Interpersonal Communication Competence of Corporate Social Responsibility Facilitators, Stakeholder Trust Level, and Corporate Reputation

The problem of communication such as misunderstanding, there is no feedback, and the ineffectiveness of a message often occurs while the company communicates or interacts with stakeholders, moreover runs the CSR program. The communication problems above affected one of the CSR goals. CSR can improve people living in the region around the company like happened in the District of North Semarang because it has the highest poverty rate in Semarang city. Not achieving the CSR objectives will because residents who live around the company have poor judgments against the company and have no trust against the company and so, causes a poor reputation against the company. Moreover, if the company has excessive gas emission and one of them is PT. Indonesia Power Semarang PGU. The research has the purpose of determining if there is a relationship between the effectiveness of interpersonal communication done by the facilitator of CSR and the level of trust beneficiaries with the reputation company of PT. Indonesia Power Semarang PGU. This research is a quantitative research using the theory of communication effectiveness and reasoned action (TRA). Sample this research is Group guidance of PT. Indonesia Power Semarang PGU is the Joint Business Group (KUB) Prima Indosutera in the District of North Semarang. Based on the research results, the effectiveness of interpersonal communication and trust beneficiaries’ level significantly relates to its reputation. The things above showed through the significance value of the hypothesis test performed, more effectively the communication interpersonal has done so. The company’s reputation is better (positive) than such a hypothesis has a significance value of 0.000 (0.000 s of 0.01).

Analisis Kualitas Air dan Removal Efficiency Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) di PT. Indonesia Power UPJP Priok Jakarata (Water Quality and Removal Efficiency Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in PT. Indonesia Power UPJP Priok)

PT. Indonesia Power UPJP Priok is a power generation industry that manages wastewater by a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Analysis of wastewater quality and removal efficiency (RE) needs to be conducted to fulfill the quality standards. This study aimed to analyze water quality and removal efficiency of WWTP. The materials used in the study was wastewater laboratory test results for 5 years. The results showed that the pH, TSS, oil and fat contents, Cl2, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn, and phosphate in the inlet decreased after the processing at WWTP. The waste output at WWTP had fulfilled the quality standard. The highest RE unit value of WWTP for TSS, oil and fat, Cl2, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn, and phosphate were 21.3%, 2.4%, 12.5 %, 15.6%, 7.8%, 25.7%, 5.7%, and 46.2%. WWTP RE values between years do not differ significantly. However, RE values in several years showed that WWTP units were less efficient which were showed by low RE values. WWTP units should be maintained every two years.

Natural Frequency Evaluation of Last Stage Steam Turbine Blade Power Plant Using Finite Element Method

The possibility of a power plant trip can disrupt the stability of the network frequency settings. Load shedding is done at the frequency level. In case of frequency under nominal setting, the load shedding or trip generator decision must pay attention to the generator equipment factor, especially the last stage turbine blade and lacing wire. In this study analysis modal using ANSYS 2019 R2 was carried out to determine natural frequency of the last stage blade LP (low pressure) Steam Turbine Tanjung Awar Awar Indonesia power plant when operating at low frequencies, which is below the nominal operating frequency of 50 HZ or at a rotation of 3000 rpm. The finite element method analysis is applied to the 1 blade and 5 blade systems. The result for a natural frequency of 1 blade system occurs at 2639.6, 2783 and 2915 rpm. For the 5 blades system, natural frequency occurs at 2648 and 2563 rpm, so it can be concluded that the setting under frequency is not in the range of natural frequency last stage LP turbine blade, and lacing wire damage is not triggered by the natural frequency steam turbine blade.

ANALYSIS OF REDUCING CO2 EMISSIONS USING SPIRULINA MICROALGAE

Greenhouse Gases (GHG) consists of various types of gases that are produced either naturally from the environment or from the activities of living things, some examples of the dominant GHGs are water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Sulfur Oxide (SOx), the largest contributors to GHG emissions are in the Energy sector, amounting to 175.62 million tons of CO2. Microalgae are the most primitive plants, can grow in low water quality with the availability of adequate nutrients and sunlight. The amount of CO2 that can be absorbed by 1 kg of dry spirulina is 1.83 kg of CO2. In addition, Spirulina Platensis can tolerate gas content of SOx, NOx and CO2 whose concentrations are <12%. This study aims to determine the process of utilizing CO2 gas emissions from power plant for the cultivation of Spirulina Platensis microalgae at PT. Indonesia Power UPJP Perak Grati. Based on the research results, the average emission load value generated from power plant, especially HRSG 1.1, is 10,403.31 tons CO2/ month on average. The temperature factor has a significant correlation with the growth of microalgae cells with an inverse correlation. Based on the tests carried out to determine the relationship between changes in the flow rate of CO2 in microalgae cultivation ponds to the growth of microalgae cells, it was found that the addition of CO2 in the cultivation pond with a flow rate of 1 L/ minute had a greater effect than other treatments. The amount of CO2 absorption by microalgae installations with a flow rate variation of 1 liter CO2/ minute is able to absorb 0.2766 tons of CO2/ month, or is only capable of <1% of the average emission load of HRSG 1.1 per month.

Determination of risk level, remaining life prediction, and risk based inspection planning based on API 581

Electricity can be produced through several types of plants, one of which is Geothermal Power Plant (PLTP). One company that manages Geothermal Power Plants in Indonesia is PT Indonesia Power. In processing geothermal into electricity, companies need machines that work well in any condition, one of which is a separator machine that functions as a separator of geothermal steam with impurities. To keep the separator machine working properly, proper inspection is needed. Inspections can be done by a variety of methods, but inspections of separators should use a risk-based inspection method. Therefore, the study was conducted by applying a risk based inspection method based on API 581 Second Edition to determine the level of risk, the remaining life of the machine, and the planning of inspections (intervals and inspection techniques) on the machine. The level of risk for all separator units is medium high with a risk category of 1E, which has a low probability of failure and high failure consequences. The estimated age of the remaining machines working according to their functions based on research for unit I is 25 years, for unit II 13 years, and for unit III 18 years. This affects the inspection intervals in each unit, unit I should be inspected every 6 years, unit II is inspected every 3 years, and unit III is inspected every 4 years with a thorough inspection and thickness measurement as an inspection technique.

PENGARUH PERILAKU KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PT. INDONESIA POWER - PLTU JERANJANG LOMBOK

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership behavior and organizational culture on the performance of employees of PT Indonesia Power-PLTU Jeranjang OMU. The population in this study were all organic employees from the executive level to the executive who worked at PT Indonesia Power - PLTU Jeranjang OMU. The findings of this study are that leadership behavior has a positive and significant effect on performance, and organizational culture also has a positive and significant effect on the performance of employees of PT Indonesia Power - PLTU Jeranjang OMU.Keyword : Leadership Behavior, Organizational Culture, Employee Performance

Bersama Indonesia Power, Kembangkan Potensi Pariwisata Jawa Tengah untuk Pariwisata yang Berdikari Pasca Pandemi

<p><em>Glagah Wangi Beach or Instanbul Demak is a beach in the coastal area of </em><em></em><em>Demak Regency which offers the beauty of Mangrove forest tourism. Glagah Wangi Beach is one of the tours that has become an icon of Demak Regency which is also included in the 10 nominations for new tourist destinations held by the Anugerah Pesona Indonesia (API) 2020. Glagah Wangi Beach itself is located in Tambak Bulusan Village, Dukuh Bongsari, Kec. Karang Tengah with the distance to the district center is approximately 20 km or 1 hour away by motorbike or car. This service aims to increase the potential of regional tourism to become the choice of tourist attractions in Central Java and Indonesia, increase the income of the surrounding community by developing tourism activities based on training and education on good tourism management in accordance with ISO standards, increasing brand awareness and brand reputation of PT. Indonesia Power; get PR Value in the form of news in the mass media (print, digital and electronic).</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Glagah Wangi Beach; Istanbul Demak; Tourism; Mangrove Forest</em></p>

Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja di PT. Indonesia Power Unit Pembangkitan dan Jasa Pembangkitan (UPJP) Priok

Work fatigue is an important problem that needs to be resolved because can cause work accidents and can have an impact on workers' health. Based on the result of interviews in early 2020, there was one worker who was unconscious due to work fatigue where a similar case had never happened before in the last 5 years. Workers complain of feeling dizzy, tired all over, fever, frequent drowsiness, trembling, feeling heavy in the head, and feeling thirsty while working. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with work fatigue at PT. Indonesia Power Unit Pembangkitan dan Jasa Pembangkitan (UPJP) Priok. This research was a quantitative-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The population of this research was 81 workers consisting of 11 workers in the main workshop and 70 workers in the mechanical part. The sample of this research was 40 workers in the main workshop and mechanics section which were obtained by a purposive sampling technique. The results show that 57,5% of workers have experienced a high category of work fatigue. Statistical analysis shows that nutritional status (p-value=0,034) and sleep quality (p-value=0,028) were related to work fatigue, while the length of work (p-value=0,299), workload (p-value=0,100) and age (p-value=1,000) were not related to work fatigue. Therefore, workers were suggested to consume foods with high carbohydrate content, adequate-protein, calorie intake, and vitamins, as well as regulating duration and hours of sleep following the Ministry of Health's standards, namely 7-8 hours per day for adults (ages 18-40 year).

Footwear Export Competitiveness of Indonesia and Vietnam

This research investigates the primary constraint causing the low competitiveness of Indonesian footwear exports compared to Vietnam with new information from a number of the latest studies. This study uses Reveal Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Trade Specialization Index (TSI). Differences in culture, economic structure, and firm rivalry all contribute to Indonesia's power competitiveness. This research adds a competitive advantage to study the factors that hamper the low competitiveness of Indonesian footwear against Vietnam. The results show that Indonesia's comparative advantage is more moderate than Vietnam, with an average RCA of 4, while Vietnam is 9. The average value of TSI is Indonesia close to 1 and Vietnam 1. The primary constraints are workers' wages higher than Vietnam, and business services such as R & D have not utilized. The development of the footwear industry policy must identify from upstream to downstream. The affirmative system made must be used to overcome short-medium term problems.JEL Classification: F13, F12, F17.How to Cite:Abdulkadir, A., Afriana, Wendra., & Azis, H. A. (2020). Footwear Export Competitiveness of Indonesia-Vietnam. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 269-284. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.15404.

Komitmen Lingkungan dan Budaya CSR Kreatif Multitema Batik Alam Malon PT Indonesia Power Semarang Power Generation Unit

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities are performed not only for legal compliance or carrying out the mandate of the law Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not only a recommendation from the government to business people but also an obligation that must be implemented by companies both private and government business. Law No. 40/2007 mandates that all companies allocate funds from business proceeds for social activities as a form of commitment to the surrounding environment. PT Indonesia Power Semarang Power Generation Unit consistently responds and carries out this obligation. This obligation is done not to avoid government sanctions and reprimands but as an effort to balance and harmonize the business interests of the company with a commitment to the environment, economic independence, and efforts to preserve culture. This paper uses a descriptive type of research with a communication audit analysis approach. Data collection was carried out by interviewing various relevant sources from internal circles and also beneficiaries of Multi-theme CSR activities in Batik Alam Malon, Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City.
 

Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Electric Motor Vibration and Temperature Disruption Handling System

Faults in three-phase electric motors often occur in power plants. Unfortunately, the disturbances are unpredictable and reduce unit performance. This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based intrusion handling system for secure and economic data communication in industrial fields. The build system can monitor and control with FLM (First Line Maintenance). FLM is a minor corrective maintenance activity carried out while the unit is operating with the provision of simple equipment. Device design and testing using the ESP8266 microcontroller module to obtain motor vibration, current, and temperature information for motor conditions supported by the application as a user interface. The result prevents further damage to the electric motor by adding an external fan and a grease pump that serves for additional engine cooling. This research contributes to improving the performance of the generator at PT. Indonesia Power UJP West Java II Palabuhanratu is one of the steam power plants in West Java, Indonesia

Techno Economic Analysis of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Integration as Distributed Energy Resources in Indonesia Power System

High penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) leads to high stress on a power grid, especially when the supply cannot cover and actively respond to the unpredictable demand caused by charging EVs. In the Java-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) area, Indonesia, the capability of the grid to balance its supply and demand is very limited, and massive EV charging additionally worsens the condition because of unbalanced load profiles. Ancillary services of EVs have led to the idea of utilizing EV batteries for grid support, owing to their high-speed response to the fluctuating power system. In this study, a techno-economic analysis of the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system in the JAMALI grid is conducted in terms of the changes in the feed-in tariff schemes, including regular, natural, and demand response tariffs. The results show that by utilizing EVs, the supply during peak hours can be reduced by up to 2.8% (for coal) and 8.8% (for gas). EVs owned by business entities as operating vehicles with a natural tariff show the highest feasibility for ancillary services, and can potentially reduce the cost of charging by up to 60.15%. From a power company perspective, V2G also potentially improves annual revenue by approximately 3.65%, owing to the replacement of the fuel.

Community-based adaptation for ecosystem disaster risk reduction in the Upstream Merawu Watershed, Indonesia

Forest conversion to agricultural land in the upstream area of Merawu watershed has changes the ecosystem composition and reduced the stability. Mass erosion and landslide occurred in the upstream and increased the ecosystem vulnerability. Tamansari and Penanggungan hamlets are prone to erosion, landslides and environmental pollution from intensive farming. Potatoes, cabbage, carrots, and chili are the main commodities planted, particularly in Penanggungan hamlet. Planting on the steep slope, intensive land mechanization and high intensity of pesticide spraying caused the area to be prone to ecosystem disasters such as erosion, landslides and environmental pollution. This study aims to determine the people’s perceptions of ecosystem disasters and analyse the community adaptation and mitigation strategies. Community perceptions is analysed using Mann Whitney test, while adaptation and mitigation strategies using qualitative descriptive. The results showed that the upper Merawu watershed community’s perceptions varied greatly by knowledge and attitudes of the community. Knowledge is affected by the intervention of PT. Indonesia Power and Field Extension Officer. Community attitudes are influenced by the type of land use and commodities planted. Adaptation actions practiced by the community include water drainage cleaning, application of intercropping, crop rotation and agroforestry. Mitigation actions carried out by the community include the construction of drainage channels, terraces, embankments, and planting of wood plants (structural mitigation) while mitigation carried out by the government is more towards non-structural mitigation such as socialization and training, planting joint seedlings and the establishment of disaster resilient village (i.e., Destanta).

Analisis Pengaruh Beban Terhadap Efisiensi Generator Unit 2 PLTP PT. Indonesia Power UPJP Kamojang

Geothermal as a newest natural resource for Indonesian. PLTP PT. Indonesia Power as one of subsidiaries of PLN that is focused on generating using geothermal resource. One of the important components in the system of PLTP is a generator. PLTP Kamojang had been operating for about ±30 years, where there are still some problems that will reduce the efficiency of generator. The generator at PLTP Kamojang unit 2 must be operated more than 90% so that it will be able to supply electric power for 150kV. If the generator operated with the efficiency under 80%, so the supply of energy will not be maximum, because there are so much energy of electric lost caused by the losses in the generator. That is why needs to be analyzed toward the efficiency of the generator, whether the generator still works optimum or not. The result of analyses from the month of February 2019 as long as 1 month, found that the efficiency of generator unit 2 is about 92,888%. If comparing by the efficiency of generator as design as much as 98,4%. The efficiency value of the generator unit 2 Kamojang is decreased for about 5,51%. This condition showed that the generator still reliable one in supllying electric power.

Contribution of Solar Photovoltaic on the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission in the Indonesia Power Sector

Indonesia has released the target of reducing Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The strategy includes enhancement renewable energy utilization. One of the most potential renewable energy resources in Indonesia is solar energy. State Electricity Company of Indonesia has planned to develop solar Photo voltaic (PV) power plan in the document planning 2019-2028. The objective of this study is to explore the contribution of solar PV to the reduction GHG of Indonesia. The potency of solar irradiance and solar PV output in several big cities in Indonesia are discussed. The results show that by using the PV technology of Crystalline silicon with mounting position building integrated and the slope and azimuth is 0°, the average solar PV output in Indonesia is 1361.2 kWh/kWp. The planned solar PV installed capacity by the end of 2028 is 985.5 MW. The electricity resulted by the system in a year will be 1341.47 GWh or it is only 0.31% of national electricity consumption. The contribution of solar PV to the GHG emission reduction is 1.341 million tons CO2eq in the year 2028.

PENGARUH KINERJA SOSIAL DAN KINERJA LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. INDONESIA POWER

This study aims to analyze the effect of disclosure of sosial performance and environmental performance on the financial performance of PT. Indonesia Power. The type of research used is a quantitative method that emphasizes the analysis of numerical data (numbers) processed by statistical methods. The processed data is a summary of financial performance data along with points of social performance and environmental performance with the calculation technique of the percentage of financial performance ratios measured by analysis of liquidity ratios, solvability, activity, and profitability. Data analysis method uses multiple regression techniques. The results of this study indicate that Sosial Performance and Environmental Performance have a simultaneous and partial significant effect on Financial Performance.

The Synergy of Village Developing Management through Corporate Social Responsibility Activities

Improvement the standard of living for villagers is increasingly open with the existence of UU No. 6 tahun 2014 concerning villages government. Various multistakeholders can strengthen village-based development mechanisms in synergy. The aim of this study is to analyze the synergy of the Corporate Social Responsibility management system with the management of a developing village by Indonesia Power PLTP Kamojang Branch Gunung Salak Ltd. This research is a policy research with a sequential mixed model design. Data were collected in the form of qualitative and quantitative data with methods of observation, interviews,and focused discussions. The results of the study show that Indonesia Power PLTP Kamojang Branch Gunung Salak Ltd and multistakeholders have succeeded in forming relations between different actors to improve village development. As for interacting with groups of people who are vulnerable to problems with their livelihood systems, corporate social responsibility mechanisms are improved based on the aspirations of the people who collaborate with multistakeholders from the planning stage to evaluating at the village to district level. Through this management mechanism assistance to the community can be done inclusive so that assistance can be recorded and measurable benefits.