Individual Community Research Articles

The Audience Chimera: On Platforms, Publics, and Power

Abstract A central question in recent scholarship on public music theory has been understanding its purpose and its relationship to traditional academic theory. However, one recurring weakness of these sorts of analyses is a tendency to view public music theory as a monolithic entity with a coherent identity and a singular purpose. In this paper, I argue that public music theory is better viewed as a decentralized collection of individual actors and communities whose actions must be understood in reference to the specific audiences they serve and the specific platforms through which they distribute their work, rather than to each other or to the academic world. I explore the power structures that shape the goals (and membership) of these various communities as they relate to their various publics, and I develop a framework to describe the flow of consumptive power in order to explain the observable differences between most forms of public music theory and the academic discipline they represent.

What makes a devoted local-food-buying club customer?

Local food-buying clubs (LFBCs) are special types of consumer-driven grassroots groups that are particularly well suited to enhancing the transition to a post-growth economy, given the finite growth potential of individual communities, the tendency of groups to distribute rather than accumulate capital, and the prospects of the movement for expansion. This paper analyses consumers of LFBCs and analyses how the different constructs proposed by the theory of planned behaviour are applicable according to engagement with LFBCs. A representative survey was run in May 2020 in Hungary. Respondents who were classified as devoted (regular) LFBC customers, occasional LFBC customers, and consumers not interested in local food were compared pairwise through matching-based treatment effect analysis approaches. Consumers of LFBCs comprised a heterogeneous group based on their pre-existing beliefs and attitudes. Occasional LFBC customers emphasised the broad quality-related features of local food and the potential for supporting local farmers. For more devoted customers, environmental aspects were very important. As belonging to a group has been shown to shape attitudes, targeted messages applied by LFBC managers may increase the level of engagement, contributing to the more efficient scaling up of local food systems.

Addressing the Impediments to the Perfection of Land Title in Nigeria: A Comparative Discourse with England

Land is an essential natural resource endowed by nature and deposited all over the world for the survival and well-being of humanity. In Nigeria, land control is vested in each federation state's Governor. The Federal Government controls the ownership and exploitation of mineral deposits irrespective of where the mineral deposits may be located. There is often contention about the rights of individual citizens, families, and communities in land ownership. The question of trespassing has often been a subject of litigation in Nigerian courts for decades with the advent of commerce and trade. The primary objective of this article is to examine land ownership, land allocation, and how the certificate of occupancy and Governor's consent affect land ownership, lease, and purchase of land in Nigeria. This article proffers solutions to issues arising in Nigerians’ right to ownership of land. The methodology adopted in this article is essentially doctrinal, using primary sources such as law reports and statutes. The article also refers to secondary sources such as law textbooks, newspapers, and internet materials. It recommends comprehensive reforms toward easing land acquisition and minimising the incidence of trespass to land in Nigeria.

It is ‘more than just about building houses’: collaborating towards a housing commons in Leeds

While current research focuses on the emergence of community-led housing (CLH) in England and individual cases, including co-operatives and Community Land Trusts, understanding of the breadth of CLH and its contribution to a city-wide commons is limited. We explore the evolution of CLH-as-commoning in the city of Leeds through three time periods and a framework of ‘differential’ and ‘transitional’ commoning, attentive to relations, spatiality and governance, and multiple contested visions from minimalist to maximalist. There was a maximalist tendency in the 1970s/80s, minimalist into the 1990s, and maximalist-pragmatist in the 2000s/10s. More significantly, we highlight the important role that minimalist and pragmatist tendencies play in the ongoing growth of the commons and commoners. CLH is part of a growing urban commons if we see it built through a patchwork of different approaches and actors, all contributing to cumulative horizon building. The transformative potential of CLH-as-commoning lies in repeated attempts to challenge the current housing system. More needs to be done to support long term collaboration between civil society and the state to widen involvement, expand provision and support democratic benefits of CLH.

OPTIMIZATION OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES: A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO RESPONDING TO MODERN RISKS IN STATE MANAGEMENT

Choosing the optimal financial provision for territorial communities is important as it allows for a more effective response to contemporary challenges in public administration. The methodological approach to this process helps communities better utilize available resources for secure development and improving the quality of life for their residents. An in-depth analysis of both scientific and practical literature reveals that the issue of financial resources for territorial communities has not been comprehensively addressed to date. Thus, the goal is to define an approach that will provide information on the most optimal forms of financial resources needed by various territorial communities under current conditions. For this, the object of study is the financial resources of individual territorial communities in Ukraine for evaluation. The scientific task is to propose and integrate such a method that will facilitate the selection of the most optimal financial resources for the territorial communities of Ukraine. For this purpose, experts were involved and appropriate pairwise comparisons were conducted. As a result, we analyzed the current financial state of Ukraine's territorial communities. We characterized the key principles of the proposed methodological approach to optimizing financial resources. We identified the most optimal types of financial resources for comparison and highlighted the most suitable among them. The practical significance of the obtained results is revealed through the possibility of applying this approach in the work of territorial communities in Ukraine. However, the research has limitations and does not take into account other resources, such as human and informational. This is noted for further research.

Forest types matter for the community and co-occurrence network patterns of soil bacteria, fungi, and nematodes

Tree growth influences the biological, physical, and chemical properties of the soil through the input of different types of litter and various root exudates. However, our understanding of tree-mediated effects on the composition and diversity of soil biota remains limited. This study aimed to determine the effects of physically neighboring forest types (i.e., an artificial Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) plantation vs. a broadleaf (Quercus serrata) secondary forest) on individual bacterial, fungal, and nematode communities and the associations among these inter-kingdoms. Bacterial, fungal, and nematode aggregates were estimated using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing system. The amplicon sequence variant richness of fungi and nematodes was significantly greater in the cedar plantation than in the broadleaf forest, and the three soil biota community structures were significantly clustered among the forest types. Environmental factors such as soil pH, C, N, and C/N ratio significantly influenced the three soil biota community structures. The bacterial–fungal–nematode co-occurrence network of the broadleaf forest had more nodes and edges than that of the cedar plantation. Moreover, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi mainly co-occurred with fungivorous nematodes in the cedar and broadleaf forests, respectively. Our results suggested that unique soil biota communities and characteristic co-occurrence network patterns were established among the tripartite inter-kingdom relationships between adjacent forest types.

Sense of community, life satisfaction and psychological distress among seniors – HUNT4 study, Norway

Abstract Background Strong sense of community with one’s neighbors may benefit psychosocial well-being. Moreover, local communities with high level of belonging and social cohesion can have a positive impact on public mental health. This study aims to investigate associations between sense of community and life satisfaction - at both an individual and local community level in a Norwegian county. Methods Data from Trøndelag Health Study 4 (HUNT4: 2017-2019) on 22 939 participants were linked to geographic data of residence from Statistics Norway. The basic statistical unit in Norwegian, known as “grunnkrets,” serves to identify participants’ local communities. These units are subdivisions of municipalities, covering geographically contiguous areas that typically include a few hundred inhabitants. This population-based study enables investigation of variation in sense of community, trust, life satisfaction and psychological distress on individual and community level. Results Seniors (median age 70.3 years) with strong sense of community with their neighbors had more than three times higher odds (95%CI 3.08-3.93) of high level of life satisfaction and less than 0.3 times lower odds (95%CI 0.26-0.33) of psychological distress symptoms vs those with low sense of community, adjusted to sociodemographic variables. The average sense of community varied between local communities (N = 284). At this local geographical unit, strong sense of community was associated with high level of trust, enjoying the neighborhood and high life satisfaction. Conclusions The study can inform public health policy to consider development of social infrastructures that bolster sense of community among seniors within neighborhoods. Policy and action plans targeting to increase the overall sense of community in neighborhoods may contribute to create mental health-promoting and age-friendly local communities in Norway. Key messages • At individual level, sense of community with neighbors are associated with life satisfaction and psychological distress among Norwegian seniors. • The average sense of community varies between geographic local areas and are associated with level of trust, enjoying the neighborhood, average life satisfaction, and psychological distress.

Missed opportunities of method information index plus (MII+) counseling among current modern contraceptive users. multi-level analysis from the Ethiopian PMA 2021 data set

IntroductionIn Ethiopia, there is a decrease in percentage of women who receive method information index counseling service from 39% (95%CI: 33%, 44%) in 2015 to 12% in 2019 (95% CI: 10%, 14%) nationally, and less than 40% of these services provided are high quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify modern contraceptive users-related factors at individual level and community level associated with missed opportunities of method information index plus counseling.MethodsThis study used the datasets from the 2019 Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia Survey, which comprised a total of 8,365 households (98.9%) and 7,988 women (98.8%). The data analysis was done with Stata version 14. Using multilevel mixed effect logistics regression, both individual and community-level factors were found to be associated with missed opportunities of method information index plus counseling. a P-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. The association was presented using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe study shows that the prevalence of missed opportunity MII + family planning counseling among current modern contraceptive users was 81% (79.15, 82.66) and factors significantly associated with missed opportunities of method information index plus counselling are educational status, low level of media exposure, religion, receiving the service in health centers and health posts, never heard of any other methods, number of children at first contraceptive use and region.ConclusionsIn Ethiopia 81% of women had a missed opportunities of MII + counseling service. In order to address this, we recommend policy makers to focus on training of health care workers and pharmacists about MII + counseling, and establishing ways to improve access to media exposure.

Exploring Entrepreneurial Intention and Student Engagement of Youth Living in Poverty.

Graduating from secondary education for adolescents living in poverty is challenging. Strong entrepreneurial intention and student engagement among youth living in poverty often play a protective role in reducing school dropout and fostering school completion, which results in improved educational attainment. However, research on this topic is scarce. A total of 1135 adolescents took part in this cross-sectional study, 50.9% of which were females. On average, they were 16.4 years old. They were all upper secondary school students from ten public and private schools in Lebanon. They completed instruments measuring entrepreneurial intention and student engagement. This study explored the covariate associations between risk and promotive factors through four dimensions of entrepreneurial intention and two components of student engagement (cognitive and psychological engagement). It shows positive associations for entrepreneurial intention with both individual factors (age) and social factors (working mother and private school). Negative associations for student engagement were found in all (individual and social) factors with the exception of the father's job, which did not present any association. The findings provide insight for policymaking to empower schools to promote school completion and educational attainment among these youth by providing policy initiatives and school-based interventions that target entrepreneurial exposure and engagement strengthening, hence meeting young people's individual, family, and school community needs.

Functional structure of the natural enemy community of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in the Americas

Ecosystem functions such as biological pest control are mediated by the richness and abundance of service providers i.e., biological control agents (BCAs), relative contributions of individual taxa and community structure. This is especially relevant in the native range of agricultural herbivores, where a speciose community of co-evolved BCAs can prevent them from attaining pest status. Here, we use a powerful graphical approach to assess the functional structure of BCA communities of the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in the Neotropics. Drawing upon a curated database of all-time field and laboratory studies, we graphed patterns in the functional contribution, abundance and niche breadth for a respective 69, 53 and 3 taxa of resident parasitoids, predators and pathogens. Regardless of varying taxon coverage and rigor of the underlying studies, functional structure follows a saturating relationship in which the first three taxa account for 90–98% of aggregate biological control function. Abundance-functionality matrices prove critically incomplete, as more than 80% of invertebrate taxa miss empirically derived efficiency metrics while associated FAW infestation data are scarce. Despite its methodological shortfalls and data gaps, our work pinpoints Chelonus insularis, several taxa of egg parasitoids, Doru spp. and Orius spp. as taxa with outsized (average) functionality and conservation potential. This is also exemplified by the highly variable aggregate function across studies, with dispersion indices of 1.52 and 2.14 for invertebrate BCAs. Our work underlines the critical importance of functional ecology research, networked trials and standardized methodologies in advancing conservation biological control globally.

Association Between Three Levels of Social Exclusion and Quality of Life in the Oldest Old Australians: An Analysis of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Data.

This study examined associations between three levels of social exclusion and quality of life in the Australian oldest old. We performed cross-sectional analyses of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia data using 203 participants aged ≥85. Principal component analysis was used to construct social exclusion variables at an individual level (lack of supportive relationships), neighborhood level (disadvantaged neighborhood social climates), and community level (community disengagement). Quality of life was assessed using physical and mental component summary scores of SF-36. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed separately for men and women. Lack of supportive relationships was negatively associated with physical and mental quality of life in all participants. Among men, community disengagement was associated with low physical quality of life. Policies to reduce social exclusion in this age group should focus on improving supportive relationships to enhance quality of life, rather than neighborhood or community levels.

Individual empowerment and community norm effects of engaging young husbands in reproductive health in rural India: findings from a pilot study

BackgroundDespite decades of a call to action to engage men in reproductive health, men are often left out of programs and interventions. In India, where half of pregnancies are reported as unintended, patriarchal gender norms and still dominant patterns of arranged marriages make engaging men in family planning and strengthening couples communication critical in increasing reproductive autonomy and helping young couples meet their reproductive goals. This study explores the feasibility and acceptability from the men’s perspective of the pilot of a gender transformative intervention for newly married couples in India.MethodsA pilot study was conducted of TARANG, a 4 month intervention for newly married women, with light touch engagement of husbands (4 sessions). A total of 41 husbands participated in the pilot, and we collected baseline knowledge and endline feasibility and acceptability data from them, along with in depth qualitative interviews with 13 men. The study was conducted in June 2023-January 2024.ResultsMen had low levels of knowledge about biology, family planning, with the majority of men reporting that no one had provided them information about these topics. Most men wanted to delay the first birth by at least 2 years, yet less than a quarter had discussed childbearing plans with their partner or engaged in family planning methods. While all men reported high acceptability (satisfaction and usefulness), feasibility (participation) was low, with only 43% attending 2 or more sessions. Main barriers to participation included commitments due to work and migration. Men reported that the intervention led to improvements in their relationships with their wives, gave them a sense of empowerment, and led them to become resources for other men in their community.ConclusionsMen in these rural communities are not receiving the information that they need to meet their reproductive goals, however, they greatly desire this information and ways to improve relationships with their new wives. Such an intervention appears to have the potential to help change norms and spread information in the community and provide men with positive, life affirming feelings. Providing information through technology could address barriers to in-person engagement.Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov 03/13/24.NCT06320964

A Qualitative Systematic Review of Stigma, Violence, Victimization, and Associated Coping Among Transgender People Engaged in Sex Work.

Globally, transgender people engaged in sex work experience disproportionately high risks of victimization. While qualitative studies on the perspectives of transgender people engaged in sex work can shed light on their intersecting experiences, a qualitative synthesis could offer a systematic understanding and inform anti-oppressive practices and policies. This review explores the experience of stigma, violence, victimization, and associated coping strategies among transgender people engaged in sex work. We conducted a literature search in November 2023 on MEDLINE, Social Work Abstracts, and CINAHL PLUS from EBSCOhost, APA PsycInfo, ASSIA, and Sociological Abstracts from ProQuest and SCOPUS (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023478844). From 1,085 studies retrieved, 64 were included in this review. Thematic synthesis identified seven themes: (a) individual struggle, (b) interpersonal violence, (c) community transphobia and exclusion, (d) systemic oppression, (e) individual coping strategies, (f) community resources, and (g) organizational support as coping resources. This review contributes to the discussion around the health vulnerabilities of transgender people engaged in sex work that inherently result from intersecting victimization in a larger global context, including trafficking, urban planning, migration, and COVID-19. Identification of the coping strategies of transgender people engaged in sex work also highlights their resilience and sites of empowerment. Policymakers and professionals should be mindful of the intersectional identities of transgender people engaged in sex work and initiate peer- and community-led interventions to support them in building intersectional solidarity and resisting victimization.

Protective Factors Associated With Lower Likelihood of Injection Drug Use and Experiencing Overdose Among Incarcerated Women

PurposePrior studies evaluated protective factors individually as they relate to fewer drug use risk behaviors and related consequences. This is the first study to examine protective factors as part of a multilevel framework along a risk continuum among women involved in the criminal legal system who use drugs. This study describes factors within the socio-ecological framework that are protective against engaging in injection drug use and experiencing nonfatal overdose. MethodData were collected from 900 women with a history of opioid use disorder who were incarcerated and enrolled in the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Drug Abuse–funded Justice Community Opioid Innovation Network cooperative. Analysis focused on the relationship among individual, interpersonal, and community- or institutional-level protective factors associated with not injecting drugs and not experiencing an overdose in the 90 days before incarceration using multinomial logistic regression. FindingsFindings from this study suggest that, even among a sample of women who use drugs, there are a number of factors associated with being less likely to report higher-risk injection behavior and/or overdose experiences at the individual level (age, religiosity, and less polysubstance use), interpersonal level (not having a partner who injects drugs), and community or institutional level (fewer months incarcerated, less treatment utilization, and less enacted stigma by health care workers). ConclusionsFindings from this study underscore the importance of being able to target prevention interventions to women at different stages of substance use severity and to capitalize on protective factors for those at lower-risk levels to reduce the trajectory of risk of injection practices and overdose experiences.

Islamic values in "Bhupa' Bhabbhu' Ghuru Rato" on The Madurese Mondok (Boarding) Tradition

This research aims to explore the meaning of religiosity and cultural compliance of Bhupa' Bhabbhu' Ghuru Rato in Madurese society. This culture is the values, guidelines, norms of life that are believed by the community for generations. In the context of communication studies, tradition and culture become an interesting research phenomenon. Islam and culture are inseparable. This research uses the ethnographic method of communication in the community of Brambang Hamlet, Sumenep, which has a tradition of Islamic boarding school (Pondok Pesantren). This research reveals that the meaning of the value of religiosity and Bhuppa'-Bhabbhu'-Ghuru-Rato obedience of each individual community varies based on their respective experiences and perspectives obtained from the symbolic interaction process. Nevertheless, all informants in this study agreed that the mondok tradition is important to be preserved in order to teach and develop the values of religiosity and obedience.

Dietary patterns drive loss of fiber-foraging species in the celiac disease patients gut microbiota compared to first-degree relatives

BackgroundCeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals that primarily affects the small intestine. Studies have reported differentially abundant bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota of celiac patients compared with non-celiac controls. However, findings across studies have inconsistencies and no microbial signature of celiac disease has been defined so far.ResultsHere, we showed, by comparing celiac patients with their non-celiac 1st-degree relatives, that bacterial communities of related individuals have similar species occurrence and abundance compared with non-relatives, regardless the disease status. We also found in celiac patients a loss of bacterial species associated with fiber degradation, and host metabolic and immune modulation, as ruminiclostridia, ruminococci, Prevotella, and Akkermansia muciniphila species. We demonstrated that the differential abundance of bacterial species correlates to different dietary patterns observed between the two groups. For instance, Ruminiclostridium siraeum, Ruminococcus bicirculans, and Bacteroides plebeious, recognized as fiber-degraders, appear more abundant in non-celiac 1st-degree relatives, which have a vegetable consumption pattern higher than celiac patients. Pattern of servings per day also suggests a possible link between these species’ abundance and daily calorie intake.ConclusionsOverall, we evidenced that a kinship approach could be valuable in unveiling potential celiac disease microbial traits, as well as the significance of dietary factors in shaping microbial profiles and their influence on disease development and progression. Our results pave the way for designing and adopting novel dietary strategies based on gluten-free fiber-enriched ingredients to improve disease management and patients' quality of life.

Online peer-to-peer health communities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease: a scoping review protocol.

The objective of this scoping review is to identify and describe research exploring online peer-to-peer health communities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease. The proliferation of online peer-to-peer health communities has created new opportunities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease to come together for mutual social, emotional, and informational support. This scoping review will include qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods, and evidence synthesis studies, as well as gray literature relating to online peer-to-peer health communities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease. The search will not be limited by language, time frame, geographic location, or publication date. This review will be undertaken in accordance with JBI methodology for scoping reviews and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. The following databases will be searched: Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), and Web of Science. Gray literature will be searched via MedNar, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. After duplicates have been removed, 2 reviewers will independently screen the title, abstract, and full text of the search results. Data will be extracted using a modified data extraction tool as per JBI, and presented in tabular format, accompanied by a narrative summary describing how the findings relate to the scoping review questions. https://osf.io/kfj9v.

Factors Related to the Rise of Congenital Syphilis From the Perspectives of Prenatal Providers and Birthing Parents in Chicago, IL, USA.

Rates of congenital syphilis (CS) in the United States have risen sharply in recent years. There has been sparse research centering the voices and experiences of birthing parents who have delivered infants with CS and prenatal providers in Chicago or the surrounding Midwestern United States to date. Additionally, there has been little research on the role of extrinsic factors, such as stigma and attitudes surrounding CS in an individual's community, in their entry into and retention in the CS prevention cascade. Semistructured interviews seeking to gather perspectives and factors related to the rise of CS were conducted with birthing parents who delivered infants with CS at a major academic medical institution (AMI) and the prenatal providers who served them. This was supplemented by retrospective data of birthing parent outcomes. Barriers elicited during the interviews included insufficient penicillin uptake, limited transportation, poor communication between providers and patients, gaps in patient understanding or knowledge around CS contraction and treatment, missed appointments, appointment burden for patients, life stressors of patients, housing instability, childcare difficulties, and stigma related to the CS diagnosis. The quantitative data revealed differing proportions of CS outcomes and care between those with care within the AMI, those with care outside the AMI, and those who had no prenatal care. This study found numerous perspectives and factors that may explain the rise of CS along various stages of the syphilis care continuum through in-depth interviews of prenatal providers and birthing parents.

Challenges of Creating a Peer Support Online Community for Patients With Diabetes-A Case Study.

This study aims to explore the challenges and strategies in creating online communities for individuals with diabetes, emphasizing their role in fostering connections among individuals facing similar health conditions. Using a single-case approach, we investigated the design process of a diabetes online community using the classic waterfall model. Participants were recruited from a diabetes local association, and usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale and the think-aloud method. Subsequently, semistructured interviews were conducted to evaluate functionality and user experience. Data collection was conducted from August until December 2023. The development of the community unveiled significant usability challenges, highlighting the need for user feedback and improvement. Ethical considerations, including anonymity, usage conditions, privacy terms, and health information sharing, emerged as critical areas requiring meticulous attention. Furthermore, healthcare professional moderation was deemed essential to ensure a secure environment. Users expressed strong interest in enhanced interaction features and personalized notifications. Although online diabetes communities hold potential for peer support, addressing usability challenges, ethical considerations, and moderation issues is essential. This study emphasizes the ongoing necessity for research to enhance the development of patient communities, ensuring accessibility, mitigating ethical risks, and leveraging nurses as moderators.

Intergenerational spaces – space that unites generations: architecture that unites elderly people and children

The article presents an analytical overview of the concepts and examples of the formation of architecture that unites generations: the elderly and children. According to local specifics, specialist architects from different countries are considering the possibility of such a combination and its reflection in architecture. The information is illustrated with examples of how such a combination of generations is functionally solved with the help of various methods and ways, and it forms a special environment that is both clearly zoned and generally accessible to different age groups of users. The presented architectural examples and concepts from different countries are connected by the main idea - the most vulnerable groups of the population (children and the elderly) today need special attention, not only in terms of ensuring social, psychological and economic conditions but also an updated approach to creating architectural space to meet the requirements of the present. In the article, several typological combinations (mixed-use) of spaces that unite elderly people and children are outlined: a public open library and a nursing home, with a function for children in the form of a playground in a common courtyard; an intergenerational kindergarten with a common greenhouse and cooking areas, in which the presence of a psychological service available to all users enhances the integration component; a school with a home for the elderly, which is zoned horizontally and has common sports and social areas and a large terrace intended for use by both retired persons and schoolchildren; a community centre - a kindergarten, a school, a sports complex and a nursing home in which each functional group has its block, common areas, and the integrative functional component is a common living room and a covered terrace; a town complex with buildings for the elderly and a kindergarten block has a greenhouse and premises for clubs, which are intended for joint activities of children and the elderly; a conceptual combination of vertical farming ideas with housing for the elderly, a public library and a kindergarten. Mixed-use architecture seeps into the architectural and organizational structures of institutions that were recently quite strictly standardized and occupied a specific separate niche in architectural typology. It is already clear that such a modern trend is of interest not only to individual communities but is also becoming a special tool that has specific responses to changes in the social structure in difficult demographic, social and economic conditions.