Individual Scale Research Articles

Measures of Emotional Intelligence, Aggression, and Their Relationship in Medical Students

Higher medical education imposes high demands on students; therefore, attention must be paid to personality parameters that contribute to successful adaptation, among which emotional intelligence and level of aggression are important. Emotional intelligence positively affects the psychological state of students, reducing the manifestation of aggression. Materials and methods: The sample was made by 120 students of the medical faculty of the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University at the age of 18-20 years. For diagnostics of emotional intelligence, N. Hall's method was used, and L.G. Pochebuts questionnaire was applied to the assessment of aggressive behavior. Results. It is established that only 5.8% of respondents have a high level of emotional intelligence, and worst of all, such parties as management of one's own emotions, recognition of emotions of other people, and level of self-motivation are developed. Medical students most often exhibit high levels of physical, verbal, and self-aggression. Persons with a high level of general aggression have the lowest scores both on the initial level of emotional intelligence and on its individual scales: “self-motivation,” “empathy,” and “recognition of emotions of other people.” Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant inverse association between the level of general aggression and empathy (r = -0.268). Conclusions. The results of the study indicate an insufficiently formed emotional intelligence and the need for its development among students of medical specialties as well as corrective measures with persons with a high level of aggression in order to increase their adaptive abilities.

Italian translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and the Stroke Upper Limb Capacity Scale (SULCS) for individuals post-stroke.

This study aims to culturally adapt and validate the Stroke Upper Limb Capacity Scale (SULCS) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) for use with post-stroke patients in Italy. The original scales were translated and culturally adapted following the "Translation and Cultural Adaptation of Patient Reported Outcomes Measures - Principles of Good Practice" guidelines. We assessed internal consistency and test-retest reliability, while concurrent validity was evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients with the Italian version of the Disability Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH). A total of 56 participants were recruited for the study. The Italian versions of the scales demonstrated excellent stability and reliability both within and between raters. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.904 for SULCS and 0.998 for ARAT, indicating strong internal consistency among items. The interclass correlation coefficients were 0.998 (95% C.I.: 0.993-0.990) for inter-rater reliability and 0.987 (95% C.I.: 0.984-0.995) for intra-rater reliability for SULCS, and 0.998 (95% C.I.: 0.999-0.996) for inter-rater reliability and 0.992 (95% C.I.: 0.998-0.987) for intra-rater reliability for ARAT. Both scales exhibit robust validity and reliability, making them valuable tools for clinical assessment and functional evaluation of upper limb capacity in post-stroke patients. We recommend the integration of the ARAT and SULCS into initial patient assessments and ongoing monitoring to enhance rehabilitation outcomes.

DISASTER ATTITUDE AND INDIVIDUAL DISASTER RESILIENCE AMONG UNİVERSITY STUDENTS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS: A DISASTER ZONE SAMPLE

The aim of this study is to determine the level of disaster attitudes and disaster resilience among university students and to evaluate the factors affecting them. This descriptive and relational study was conducted with 411 university students studying in a disaster-affected province. The data for the study were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, multiple linear regression, and correlation analysis. The students, with an average age of 21.71±2.02, revealed that 80.3% had previously been exposed to a disaster, 16.1% had experienced disaster-related losses, 44% had received disaster training, and only 24.12% had an individual disaster plan. The mean score on the disaster attitude scale was 71.20±10.94, while the mean score on the individual disaster resilience assessment scale was 60.85±10.19. The study found that having a personal disaster plan, having received disaster training, and being informed about environmental disaster risks were significant predictors of disaster attitude and individual disaster resilience (p

Analysis on the Problems of Internet Conflicts and Countermeasures

Polarization and conflict online have grown as one of the most pervasive issues that characterize the contours of the digital environment, with serious risks to social cohesion, democratic discourse, and well-being. This paper thus seeks to trace those very root causes of online conflicts and the dynamics of the escalation process into group-based polarization. The paper considers a proposed model of how personal disagreements between two individuals scale up to large groups of conflicts with the help of cognitive biases, anonymity, and algorithmic reinforcement on digital platforms. Possible policy interventions at each stage of the escalation of conflict are discussed: from digital monitoring and public education about cognitive biases to online mediation programs and changes in algorithms to facilitate cross-cutting interactions. These findings suggest that only multilevel interventions that combine technological, social, and psychological approaches to mitigate conflict while preserving freedom of expression are effective strategies. The paper thus concludes that long-term solutions include changes in culture in building empathetic individuals and critical thinkers, not just immediate moderation. This gives a basis to governments and policymakers on how to understand the complexity and nuances involved in online conflict, thus forming the basis on which more balanced and inclusive digital environments could be developed that foster healthy dialogue and reduce polarization.

Full-field quantitative visualization of shock-driven pore collapse and failure modes in PMMA

The dynamic collapse of pores under shock loading is thought to be directly related to hot spot generation and material failure, which is critical to the performance of porous energetic and structural materials. However, the shock compression response of porous materials at the local, individual pore scale is not well understood. This study examines, quantitatively, the collapse phenomenon of a single spherical void in PMMA at shock stresses ranging from 0.4 to 1.0 GPa. Using a newly developed internal digital image correlation technique in conjunction with plate impact experiments, full-field quantitative deformation measurements are conducted in the material surrounding the collapsing pore for the first time. The experimental results reveal two failure mode transitions as shock stress is increased: (i) the first in situ evidence of shear localization via adiabatic shear banding and (ii) dynamic fracture initiation at the pore surface. Numerical simulations using thermo-viscoplastic dynamic finite element analysis provide insights into the formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) and stresses at which failure mode transitions occur. Further numerical and theoretical modeling indicates the dynamic fracture to occur along the weakened material inside an adiabatic shear band. Finally, analysis of the evolution of pore asymmetry and models for ASB spacing elucidate the mechanisms for the shear band initiation sites, and elastostatic theory explains the experimentally observed ASB and fracture paths based on the directions of maximum shear.

Cultural, social, and economic influences on academic field choice among Jewish and Muslim students.

This study investigated the complex cultural, social, and economic factors influencing the choice of academic field among Jewish and Muslim students in Israeli higher education. By employing a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and conjoint analysis, this research revealed significant differences between the two groups. Our findings indicate that Muslim students exhibit significantly higher levels of individualism compared to Jewish students, as measured by the individualism scale. They also place greater importance on prior work experience and teacher influence when choosing a field of study. In contrast, Jewish students prioritize earning potential. The findings underscore the need for culturally responsive educational policies and support systems that cater to the diverse needs and aspirations of students from different socio-cultural backgrounds. This study contributes to understanding the multifaceted dynamics shaping educational choices in multicultural societies and highlights the importance of fostering inclusive learning environments. Future research should include additional ethnic groups and explore the long-term impact of educational pathways on social and economic mobility.

Development and validation of animal variant classification guidelines to objectively evaluate genetic variant pathogenicity in domestic animals.

Assessing the pathogenicity of a disease-associated genetic variant in animals accurately is vital, both on a population and individual scale. At the population level, breeding decisions based on invalid DNA tests can lead to the incorrect inclusion or exclusion of animals and compromise the long-term health of a population, and at the level of the individual animal, lead to incorrect treatment and even life-ending decisions. Criteria to determine pathogenicity are not standardized, i.e., no guidelines for animal variants are available. Here, we aimed to develop and validate guidelines to be used by the community for Mendelian disorders in domestic animals to classify variants in categories based on standardized criteria. These so-called animal variant classification guidelines (AVCG) were based on those developed for humans by The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). In a direct comparison, 83% of the pathogenic variants were correctly classified with ACMG, while this increased to 92% with AVCG. We described methods to develop datasets for benchmarking the criteria and identified the most optimal in silico variant effect predictor tools. As the reproducibility was high, we classified 72 known disease-associated variants in cats and 40 other disease-associated variants in eight additional species.

The Moderating Role of Gender and Mediating Role of Hope in the Performance of Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience and the hope levels of healthcare workers who have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects of resilience and gender on individual performance, the effects of hope levels on individual performance, and aimed to determine whether hope mediated the effect of resilience on individual performance. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The psychological resilience, hope, and individual performance of healthcare workers affiliated with the Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate were obtained from online questionnaires completed by participants between April 2021 and August 2021. This purpose was served by the Brief Resilience Scale, the continuous hope scale, and the Individual Performance Scales. A hierarchical regression analysis, mediation analysis, and moderation analysis were performed on 412 healthcare workers to test the hypotheses. There was a significant relationship between resilience and hope levels among healthcare professionals. Healthcare professionals' levels of resilience and hope also had significant effects on their individual performance. The indirect effect of healthcare professionals' psychological resilience levels on their individual performance through hope was not significant. Gender also had a significant effect on resilience, hope, and agency thinking. Men's mean scores for resilience, hope, and agency thinking are higher than women's. The findings show that employees with high hope and resilience are more likely to recover from stressful situations and display better individual performance. This study has significant implications for the advancement of the field of psychosocial assessment of healthcare workers in times of health crisis. It offers both a practical and a theoretical perspective on the effects of hope and resilience on employee performance as psychological capital that can help all healthcare managers and employees, especially in times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It can be said that hope is more important than resilience in terms of its propensity to enhance individuals' performance. Our findings suggest that employees with high levels of hope and resilience are more likely to recover from stressful situations and achieve better personal performance. Organizations should focus more on hope and resilience by promoting positive attitudes among employees and managers to improve their ability to cope with crises.

Experimental investigation of the formation and distribution of remaining oil from pore scale to core scale during supercritical CO2 flooding

Research on the formation and distribution characteristics of remaining oil has primarily focused on individual scales, with studies at both the pore scale and core scale often lacking effective integration, particularly under supercritical conditions. In this study, a high-temperature and high-pressure microfluidic experimental system (temperature: 75 °C, pressure: 22 MPa) and micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning technology were employed to systematically investigate the formation mechanisms and distribution characteristics of five different types of remaining oil after CO2 injection. The experimental results indicate that after CO2 injection, the remaining oil mainly appears in columnar and droplet patterns, predominantly distributed in pores ranging from 4 to 13 μm, and is significantly influenced by the Marangoni effect and Jamin effect. Additionally, at the pore scale, the oil recovery increased by approximately 8.7% under high flow rates (0.5 ml/min) compared to low flow rates (0.1 ml/min); In contrast, at the core scale, the oil recovery decreased by 15.9%. This contrasting behavior can be attributed to flow non-uniformity caused by the fingering effect, which leads to uneven fluid distribution within the porous media. The comparison between pore scale and core scale provides new insights into understanding the distribution patterns of remaining oil.

Modification of a parent-report sleep scale for individuals with CDKL5 deficiency disorder: a psychometric study.

Sleep difficulties are common in CDKL5 deficiency disorder, a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. This study evaluated the factor structure of the Disorders of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep (DIMS), Disorders of Excessive Somnolence (DOES), and Sleep Breathing Disorders domains of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children for CDKL5 deficiency disorder. A cross-sectional psychometric study design was used. Data were collected for 125 individuals aged 3 years or older who attended a United States Centers of Excellence clinic or registered with the International CDKL5 Disorder Database. The median age was 10.3 years (range 3.2-40.7 years) and 105 (84%) were female. Two of the 3 Sleep Breathing Disorders items were not observed by most respondents and analysis was restricted to the DIMS and DOES domains. Using all items in the initial confirmatory factor analysis, 2 items in the DIMS domain and 1 item in the DOES domain loaded poorly. After deleting these items and repeating the analysis, item loading (.524-.814) and internal consistency (DIMS: .78, DOES: .76) statistics were good. The square of the interdomain correlation coefficient was .17, less than average variance extracted values for both domains and indicating good discriminant validity. The Tucker-Lewis and Comparative Fit indices were slightly lower than the threshold of > .9 for establishing goodness of fit. The modified DIMS and DOES domains from the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children could be suitable clinical outcome assessments of insomnia and related impairments in CDKL5 deficiency disorder and potentially other developmental and epileptic encephalopathy conditions. Saldaris JM, Demarest S, Jacoby P, etal. Modification of a parent-report sleep scale for individuals with CDKL5 deficiency disorder: a psychometric study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20 (12):1887-1893.

A Study on the Framework for Spatial Performance Evaluation of Small Township Mergered

A spatial performance evaluation system was built to identify the effectiveness and problems of the small township mergered systematically and accurately. Based on the evaluation criteria of efficiency, equity and bottom line, KPI method is used to establish a four-level (goal - field - element - index) spatial performance evaluation framework for withdrawal and merger at regional and individual scales respectively. Two sets of index systems for regional small town groups and small town individuals respectively which are interconnected are established in the four fields of “system-policy”, “space-land”, “society-economy”, and “security-guarantee”. It provides a new idea and a practical technical model for the ex ante forecast, ex post evaluation and adjustment feedback about the formulation and implementation of small towns related policies.

Perspectives of people with schizophrenia on clinical outcome scales and patient-reported outcome measures: a qualitative study

BackgroundOver the past half-century, numerous scales have been designed to quantify outcomes in people with severe mental health disorders. However, little is known about the views of people diagnosed with schizophrenia on individual outcome scales, particularly outside of European countries.AimWe conducted a qualitative study to examine the perspectives of people with schizophrenia on multiple scales in Japan.MethodsEleven participants took part in focus group interviews. Five had extensive experience as mental health peer supporters; the others had no such experience. To address potential power imbalances and facilitate dynamic discourse, participants were intentionally divided into two groups on the basis of peer support experience, and two simultaneous two-hour focus group interviews were conducted in separate rooms. The participants reviewed 12 clinical and patient-reported outcome measures and discussed their views on each measure. Interview data for each group were combined prior to analysis and qualitatively analyzed by four researchers using a thematic analysis approach.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 42.7 years (SD = 8.3), and six were male. On average, the participants had been living with schizophrenia for 22.2 years (SD = 11.1). After analyzing the interview data, the following five themes were identified, each containing two to seven subthemes: 1) validity and format of the scale construct, 2) factors affecting the accuracy of responses, 3) plain language and familiar words in Japanese culture, 4) psychological impact on the respondents, and 5) containing important items in everyday life.ConclusionThe participants provided both favorable and unfavorable feedback on each scale. When implementing research utilizing clinical outcome scales and patient-reported outcome measures, researchers should exercise caution considering the potential emotional impact on respondents. Furthermore, scale development should take into account the cultural background and psychological burden experienced by the respondents.

Validation of a modified Russian-language version of the Norwegian “Patient Experience Questionnaire”

To date, there are no specific scales in the Russian Federation for the comprehensive assessment of patient satisfaction and experience of outpatient medical care.Objective. To validate the previously translated Norwegian "Patient Experience Questionnaire" (PEQ), a validated patientreported experience measure (PREM) for outpatients.Materials and methods. Patients aged over 18 years were invited to complete the questionnaire within 24 h after visiting a physician by clicking on a link in the QR [quick response] code printed on the medical report. The construct, discriminant validity, and reliability of individual questions, domains, and the entire questionnaire were analyzed.Results. A total of 452 patients (47.3% male, median age 55 [38–68] years) completed the questionnaire. Less than 18% of the responses were missing. These responses were considered "missing at random". Most patients in this cohort had higher education (67.7%), were married (58%), and were seen by a female physician (91.4%). In confirmatory factor analysis, the factor loadings of the questions were all above 0.6 units, and the reliability of each question, individual scales, and the entire questionnaire was above 0.8 units. The overall questionnaire model met all the goodness-of-fit criteria.Conclusions. The construct and discriminant validity of the previously translated into Russian language Patient Experience Questionnaire, has been confirmed. This PREM is proposed to be used in routine clinical practice and scientific studies under the name "RuPEQ".

Impact of socioeconomic factors on time to diagnosis of childhood cancer

In adults, there is a link between socioeconomic status (SES) and cancer prognosis, notably due to increased time to diagnosis (TTD) in deprived population leading to the dissemination of the disease. In children, such an association has not been clearly reported. The objective of our study was to assess the impact of SES on TTD of childhood cancer and its potential consequences on cancer prognosis. We carried out a multicenter retrospective study based on the LOGAFTER multi centric database. We studied SES at the individual level (parental professions, family structure) and the ecological level (EDI score, travel time by car). We assessed the factors potentially associated with an increased TTD with a Cox regression model, and we illustrated TTD by categories by using Kaplan–Meier curves. 854 children were included. The median time to diagnosis was 28 days [12;64]. TTD differed significantly according to the type of tumor. An usual care pathway did not impact TTD. However, an initial management by professionals not usually involved in the specific childhood cancer context increased TTD. None of the SES ecological variables were strictly associated with an impact on TTD, and a trend was noted for single-parent families (increased TTD, p = 0.057). In our cohort, TTD did not impact on the vital and relapse status. In this study, the impact of SES on TTD in children on both the individual and ecological levels was not clear. However, we noted some keys at the individual scale that require further investigation to explain potential associations.

Concentration, motivation, activity, and subjective fatigue in patients with single-sided deafness.

To evaluate four dimensions of fatigue, including subjective fatigue severity, concentration problems, reduced motivation, and activity in patients with single-sided deafness. Following audiological assessment, the Checklist Individual Strength scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were performed on 41 adults with single-sided deafness and 41 sex-matched adults with normal bilateral hearing in the study group and control group, respectively. Subjective fatigue severity, concentration, motivation, activity level and cognitive performance were analysed between and within groups. Individuals with single-sided deafness exhibited reduced concentration and motivation; however, their activity level was average. Subjective fatigue symptoms were more prevalent in individuals with single-sided deafness than in control participants. The concentration problem was related to decreased cognitive performance. This study revealed negative somatic consequences of single-sided deafness. Self-perceived fatigue is likely underestimated in this population due to the limited studies reported in the literature. Further studies should focus on counselling, follow up and hearing rehabilitation concerning ameliorating fatigue.

Effect of shear rate on early Shewanella oneidensis adhesion dynamics monitored by deep learning

Understanding pioneer bacterial adhesion is essential to appreciate bacterial colonization and consider appropriate control strategies. This bacterial entrapment at the wall is known to be controlled by many physical, chemical or biological factors, including hydrodynamic conditions. However, due to the nature of early bacterial adhesion, i.e. a short and dynamic process with low biomass involved, such investigations are challenging. In this context, our study aimed to evaluate the effect of wall shear rate on the early bacterial adhesion dynamics. Firstly, at the population scale by assessing bacterial colonization kinetics and the mechanisms responsible for wall transfer under shear rates using a time-lapse approach. Secondly, at the individual scale, by implementing an automated image processing method based on deep learning to track each individual pioneer bacterium on the wall. Bacterial adhesion experiments are performed on a model bacterium (Shewanella oneidensis MR-1) at different shear rates (0 to1250 s−1) in a microfluidic system mounted under a microscope equipped with a CCD camera. Image processing was performed using a trained neural network (YOLOv8), which allowed information extraction, i.e. bacterial wall residence time and orientation for each adhered bacterium during pioneer colonization (14 min). Collected from over 20,000 bacteria, our results showed that adhered bacteria had a very short residence time at the wall, with over 70 % remaining less than 1 min. Shear rates had a non-proportional effect on pioneer colonization with a bell-shape profile suggesting that intermediate shear rates improved both bacterial wall residence time as well as colonization rate and level. This lack of proportionality highlights the dual effect of wall shear rate on early bacterial colonization; initially increasing it improves bacterial colonization up to a threshold, beyond which it leads to higher bacterial wall detachment. The present study provides quantitative data on the individual dynamics of just adhered bacteria within a population when exposed to different rates of wall shear.

Generation Mean Analysis in Physio-morphic Traits of Aerobic Rice in Assam, India

An experiment was carried out to study the genetic architecture of few physio-morphic quantitative traits of rice under aerobic condition. Generation mean analysis was carried out in three selected crosses viz.Banglami/Luit, Koimurali/Luit and Guni/Gopinath, involving six generations (P­1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) at the experimental farm of SCS college of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Dhubri, Assam, India during 2017 and 2018. The individual scaling tests were used to test the adequacy of additive dominance model. The gene effects were estimated using three parameter models (joint scaling test) suggested by Cavalli (1952) and six parameter model suggested by Haymen (1958). The analysis of variance among different generations of different crosses revealed significant variation for most of the characters indicating considerable variability in the material studied. All the characters except height growth rate in cross II, recorded significance for at least one of the four individual scaling tests in all the 3 crosses. Estimation of different gene effects and their interactions were done in OPSTAT software. Significant positive additive effects were recorded for plant height and height growth rate for in all the three crosses. Preponderance of dominance effect in the expression of height growth rate, spikelet fertility, grain yield, harvest index, root weight and root shoot ratio was evident from the significant positive dominance (h) effect in all the three crosses. With respect to interaction effects, all the characters except height growth rate in cross II, exhibited significant interaction effect for one or more epistatic interactions i.e.[i], [j] or [l] in all the three crosses studied. It is evident that for all the yield and other adaptive traits, additive, dominance and interaction effects were present indicating the complex inheritance of the traits under aerobic condition. Hence, focus should be on improving individual characters separately based on the nature of gene action.

Reliability, Concurrent Validity, Responsiveness and Measurement Error of the Portuguese Version of Comprehensive Motor Coordination Scale in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.

Assessment of motor coordination in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is based on motor performance and does not consider movement quality. To validate the Comprehensive Coordination Scale (CCS) in patients with PD and correlate it with motor impairment. This cross-sectional and case-control study included 15 individuals with PD and 15 healthy older individuals as controls. Motor impairments were measured using the MDS-UPDRS (Part III). Motor coordination (CCS) was evaluated by five examiners and classified into four domains: upper and lower limbs and unilateral and bilateral tasks. CCS scores were compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney test; concurrent validity was evaluated using Spearman's correlation between CCS and PD scales; and the inter-rate reliability was calculated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). There was significant difference between the groups in the upper limb (p<0.001), lower limb (p=0.006), unilateral (p<0.001), bilateral (p=0.015), and total (p<0.001) CCS scores. Total CCS score (ICC 0.78), upper limb (ICC 0.71), lower limb (ICC 0.86) and unilateral (ICC 0.74) showed high inter-rate reliability. Bilateral domain (ICC 0.92) showed very high inter-rate reliability. And, there was negative correlation between CCS upper limb and postural tremor of hands (r=-0.716; p=0.008), unilateral CCS domain with postural tremor of hands (r=-0.687; p=0.012), and CCS total score with postural tremor of hands (r=-0.804; p=0.002). There was high inter-rater agreement for all CCS items, mainly in the lower limb and bilateral tasks. And, there was a moderate-to-very strong correlation between the total and sub-items of the CCS and motor impairment.

Biomass competition connects individual and community scaling patterns

Both metabolism and growth scale sublinearly with body mass across species. Ecosystems show the same sublinear scaling between production and total biomass, but ecological theory cannot reconcile the existence of these nearly identical scalings at different levels of biological organization. We attempt to solve this paradox using marine phytoplankton, connecting individual and ecosystem scalings across three orders of magnitude in body size and biomass. We find that competitive interactions determined by biomass slow metabolism in a consistent fashion across species of different sizes. These effects dominate over species-specific peculiarities, explaining why community composition does not affect respiration and production patterns. The sublinear scaling of ecosystem production thus emerges from this metabolic density-dependence that operates across species, independently of the equilibrium state or resource regime. Our findings demonstrate the connection between individual and ecosystem scalings, unifying aspects of physiology and ecology to explain why growth patterns are so strikingly similar across scales.

Exploring the relationship between proactive personality, individual innovation, and mental health in university students

PurposeThe aim of this study is to determine the effects of proactive personality and individual innovation characteristics of university students on their mental health together with their socio-demographic characteristics.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among students of Yozgat Bozok University in 2022. Data was collected using a sociodemographic information form, Individual Innovation Scale (IIS), Proactive Personality Scale (PPS), and the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21). The questionnaire forms were presented to students online through Google Forms. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multinomial logistic regression (MLR).ResultsIn this study, the mean scores of the anxiety, depression and stress subscales of DASS were found to be 6.0 ± 3.7, 6.8 ± 4.4 and 7.4 ± 3.8, respectively. The percentage of students showing moderate levels of anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms were 22.2%, 32.0%, and 15.1%, respectively, while those with high or very high levels of symptoms were 31.5%, 17.0%, and 9.8%, respectively. This study provides evidence that proactive personality, individual innovativeness traits, age, and familial characteristics may not significantly influence anxiety, depression, or stress in college students. The probability of students showing moderate and high levels of mental health symptoms was found to be associated with being female and having poor health status.ConclusionAnxiety was found to be the most common mental health problem among university students, followed by depression and stress. No relationship was found between students’ proactive personality, individual innovation traits, and their mental health.