Individual Economic Behavior Research Articles

Artificial neural networks in economics: mathematical tool, model or methodology?

The purpose of this article is to assess the current interaction between artificial intelligence (AI) and economic science and to identify promising interdisciplinary areas of research that can significantly influence the methodology of understanding economic phenomena. To achieve this goal, the vague and partly even mystical term AI was replaced with а more scientific term «artificial neural networks» (ANN). The article uses methods of scientometric, epistemological and comparative analysis of the processes of ANN penetration into economics and other academic disciplines. The authors reveal the epistemological commonality and difference between AI and ANN and justify the shift in epistemological focus in research from general AI to ANN. The paper systematizes the use of ANN in economics: 1) ANN as a mathematical tool for solving economic problems; 2) ANN as a model of economic phenomena; 3) ANN as a methodology for understanding economic patterns. It shows the interaction of economics with neurosciences which occurs in two significantly different directions: from neurobiology, i.e. real nerve networks in living organisms, and, on the other hand, from ANN theory. The first direction is associated with neuroeconomics, the second has not yet been articulated, but shows an exponential growth in publications and is associated primarily with forming a new economic paradigm. The ANN paradigm in economics (and not only in economics) changes both the subject of cognition, introducing radically new forms/types of evidence and new research methods, and the object of cognition, changing the focus of study from individual economic behavior to the collective economic behavior of mega-subjects.

PSYCHOLOGY OF DEVIANT FORMS OF ECONOMIC PERSONAL BEHAVIOR IN CYBERSPACE

The goal of the research achieved by the author is the analysis of psychological features of deviant forms of economic behavior of an individual in cyberspace. Methodology. To implement the problematic completeness of the research and obtain scientifically based and reliable results and general conclusions, a complex of theoretical methods was used: synthesis, logic and structure of the presentation, analysis and generalization, tools of scientific source studies. Linguistic methodology and the method of cognition were used to study the problematic issues of this work in the unity of their visual and factual perception, social content, legal and terminological form of representation. The systemic-structural approach made it possible to conceptually form, implement the theoretical foundations and model the complexity of the research discourse. Results. It is shown that human crime and delinquency are related to both external factors (interaction with other types of crime, age, gender, material values, influence of peers) and internal factors that mediate criminal tendencies. It was concluded that the specifics of deviant forms of individual economic behavior in cyberspace have not yet been sufficiently studied, and attention is focused on more common types of cyber deviance. Instead, the actual problems are the peculiarities of the formation of economic cyber deviance; the detection of a tendency to this type of behavior; planning correctional and educational psychological work with deviants and victims of economic cybercrimes. An important problem is the difficulty of conducting research taking into account the key feature of cyberspace - anonymity.

Involvement in the “Shadow Economy”: Imaginary Psychological Readiness and Real Participation

The article presents unpublished, new empirical data on the psychological readiness of Bulgarians to become part of shadowy economic practices, as well as estimates of actual participation in such practices. The data are derived from a national representative survey of the population conducted in 2021, but have not lost their relevance, since the economic behavior of individuals is characterized by a high degree of constancy. The research shows a relatively high psychological readiness for inclusion in the “shadow economy”, and two violations of the labor and insurance legislation are most often encountered in the Bulgarian economy – work without a contract and work with a fictitious contract, in which the person is insured for a smaller amount, but he is paid additional tax-free cash – “money in a bag”. About one-third of Bulgarians are defined as economic deviants (violating laws and regulations), while the other two-thirds adhere to economic conformism (follow laws and regulations) in their behavior. In this context, the question of mastering the “shadow economy” remains open, and its relevance not only does not diminish, it also necessitates the activation of the efforts of the entire society.

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR IRRATIONAL COMPONENT OF UKRAINIAN SOCIETY IN SPECIFIC MARKETS

The subject matter of the article is the theoretical-methodical and applied principles of behavioural economics and their implementation in Ukrainian society. The goal of the work is to analyse the theory of irrationality in the economic context to find out what its character is in modern Ukrainian conditions, as well as to confirm the main paradoxes inherent in the individual’s decision-making behaviour. The following tasks were solved in the article: highlighting important aspects of the theory of irrationality for experimental analysis; determination of the methodology of experiments based on internationally recognized works; proposing a hypothesis regarding Ukrainian realities; conducting experiments according to the proposed methodology to test the proposed hypotheses and systematize the obtained results. The following methods are used: analytical and inductive methods for determining the set of behavioural experiments and building hypotheses regarding their results; experimental method and method of mathematical processing to check the presence of selected behavioural deviations in Ukraine. The following results were obtained: it was determined that in Ukrainian society there is a difference between the degree of individualistic attitudes in different age groups; determined change in the perception of information of different generations as a result of more significant digitization of the young population; a higher tendency of children to risk for certain conditions is determined; the similarity of the obtained results of the experiments with the global ones are established and the impact of technologies on the economic behaviour of individuals and the peculiarities caused by the historical context and expanded access to information, in general, are determined. Conclusions: the use of analytical and inductive methods in combination with an experimental approach confirmed the existence of some of the classic behavioural patterns for modern Ukrainian society, in particular: the Allais paradox, the effect of bounded rationality, the effect of joining the majority, the effect of ownership and asymmetric dominance. In addition, based on the obtained results, it was determined that for Ukraine there is a significant difference between the nature of irrationality in different age groups, however, the postulation of this statement beyond the selected target groups requires additional research, as well as consideration of the context of other market entities.

ON SOME FUNDAMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF DIGITALIZATION IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY

Abstract. During the last decades, the world has entered the era of an information economy, in which knowledge, information, and services are more valuable than manufacturing. The key role in the development of such an economy is the large-scale implementation of digital technologies, which sharply reduce the costs of data storage, processing, and transmission. So, the analysis of these changes’ eff ects on the economic processes and economic agents’ decision-making is an important current task. J. Stiglitz was the fi rst to proclaim the transition to the information paradigm in economics. Current research in this sphere is focused on the analysis of digital markets effi ciency, pricing on digital marketplaces, peculiarities of consumer behavior in a digital world, prospects of successful price discrimination and targeted advertising on digital markets, the importance of feedback and reputation for digital marketplaces design. The purpose of the article is to examine the effects of digital technologies’ mass implementation on the different types of economic costs and economic behavior of individuals and firms. The widespread implementation of digital technologies caused a radical decline in diff erent kinds of costs in the economy, namely search costs, replication costs, transportation costs, tracking costs, and verifi cation costs. The important consequences of search cost reduction are the increased variety of products and lower prices for many goods and services, while price dispersion has persisted. One more fundamental result is the rapid development of digital marketplaces designed to help buyers and seller to fi nd each other. The task of improvement matching between buyers and sellers can be solved in two opposite ways: either by developing some kind of centralized assignment mechanism or by providing eff ective search procedures. To be successful, digital marketplaces should maintain an appropriate level of trust on market and make a tradeoff between two important objectives: effi cient use of all information available and keeping transaction costs low. As any digital activity is fi xed and automatically stored, the easiness of tracking all individuals’ online actions off ers promising perspectives for consumer behavior study and effi cient infl uence on it. The scales of information collected about consumer preferences and habits even today make possible successful price discrimination and highly targeted advertising. That also means an increased threat to consumer privacy because of potential personal data leaks. On the other hand, the reduction of tracking costs means that the identity of any person can be rather easily determined. This decline in the verifi cation costs can help to create new instruments of digital reputation. On e of the key prerequisites for digital marketplace success is the application and permanent improvement of effi cient feedback mechanisms using reputation scores. Summarizing, the large-scale implementation of digital technologies caused a sharp reduction in many important types of economic costs. The decline in search costs resulted in the rapid development of numerous digital marketplaces aimed to improve matching between sellers and buyers in diverse spheres of the economy. The reduction in tracking and verifi cation costs provided prominent opportunities both for consumer behavior advanced research and targeted infl uence on it, and for innovative mechanisms of market participants’ reputation formation. Keywords: information economy, digital technologies, information search costs, digital marketplace, information goods, tracking costs, price discrimination, verifi cation costs.

From Planned Economy to the Internet Era: Economic Behavior Transformations of Russian Customers

One of the most significant lines in economic studies is investigation of economic behavior of individual. The article analyzes key approaches to studying economic behavior of agents within the frames of behavioral economics that arouses higher and higher interest today. The authors provide definitions of the term ‘economic behavior’ that can be found in academic literature. The principle content of the article is made up by studying economic behavior of Russian customers in conditions of economic transformations within the period from the 1970-s to the early 21st century. The research marked stages of economic reforms of this period and analyzed the impact of different factors on shaping the model of behavior in each of the mentioned periods. The authors draw conclusions about trends of developing economic behavior of customers in the era of digitalization and introduction of artificial intellect in the field of making economic decisions.

МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ІНДИВІДІВ НА ЗАСАДАХ ПОЛІТИКО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ПІДХОДУ (ДИСКУСІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ)

The article considers the transition from the empirical to the theoretical level of in-depth research of the term "economic behavior" of individuals. It is determined that the political and economic direction of research will provide a detailed objective definition of the internal economic reasons for the choice of an individual behavioral model.It isshown that economic behavior is a "reflection", an external form of economic activity of society, individual entities and their groups. The economic behavior of individuals is studied mainly from the standpoint of the empirical level of scientific knowledge. In this sense, the term reflects the real economic activity in which the subjects operate, from the outside, as a form of manifestation of their economic activity. It is the political and economic direction of research in economic theory that clarifies not only the external factors of influence or internal physiological reasons for an individual's actions, but also the internal objective grounds for forming a certain behavioral model that realizes primarily economic interests and sub status. in production and economic activities, in the process of reproduction of production, distribution, exchange, or market, consumer relations of society. Within the political and economic direction of research, structural and process-reproductive approaches are used in this way, which significantly enriches the theoretical and empirical research of the term "economic behavior". Thus, we must conclude that there is a need for in-depth analysis of behavior patterns not only of individuals but also of other economic actors, gradually moving from the empirical to the theoretical level of research, and linking behavioral patterns with changes in economic activity, and finally , with transformations of property relations and socialstatuses ofsubjects, instead of with any secondary and tertiary, etc. factors.It is determined that the deep basis of changes in models of economic behavior of individuals are changes in their economic activities, property relations, social status of the subjects of a particular society. The consequences of the application of psychophysical, behavioral, economic-sociological, economic-institutional, economic-legal directions of research, which clarify the influence of non-economic (mental, subjective-psychological, mental, legal, etc.)factors on the choice of models of human economic behavior, are described.

ПСИХОЛОГІЯ ДЕВІАНТНИХ ФОРМ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В КІБЕРПРОСТОРІ

The author achieved the defined goal of the research - the psychological features of the deviant forms of economic behavior of an individual in cyberspace were considered. When writing the article, we used a classic set of philosophical and worldview, general scientific methods to implement the problematic completeness of our research and obtain scientifically based and reliable results and general conclusions: synthesis, logic and structure of the presentation, analysis and generalization of the problems of scientific sources. Linguistic methodology and the method of cognition were used to study the problematic issues of this work in the unity of their visual and factual perception, social content, legal and terminological form of representation. The systemic-structural approach made it possible to conceptually form, implement the theoretical foundations and model the complexity of the research discourse. It was noted that crime and delinquency are related to both internal factors that mediate criminal tendencies and external factors such as interaction with other types of crime, age, gender, material values, and the influence of peers. It is concluded that the specifics of deviant forms of individual economic behavior in cyberspace are still not sufficiently studied, and attention is focused more on more popular types of cyber deviance. It was noted that one of the problems is the difficulty of conducting research when referring to various theories and taking into account the key feature of cyberspace - anonymity. At the same time, it is emphasized that the main goal of psychological science is to provide information about current problems, for example, the peculiarities of the formation of economic cyber deviance; detection of a tendency to this type of behavior; planning correctional and educational psychological work with deviants and victims of economic cybercrime.

A system of values and economic behaviour models of young entrepreneurs

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship of values with individual economic behaviour, identifies the correlation between personality values that are conditioned upon the culture, and evaluations of economic behaviour situations on the example of Russian culture.Design/methodology/approachThis study involved 222 people of Russian nationality, young entrepreneurs employed in the commercial field, developing their own business. The following methods were used in the study: the methodology for measuring the values of an individual and cultural level; Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, a scenario methodology for economic behaviour, which is a short behavioural scenario (model of behaviour), taken from real life. The statistical processing of experimental data was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21 software package.FindingsThe values with correlated progressive and regressive economic forms of behaviour were identified for modern Russian society. The correlation of factors with progressive and regressive economic behaviour was also identified.Practical implicationsThe practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the results obtained not only in the system of economic education but also in programs to support the business activity of young entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe value of this study is determined by the fact that it can be placed in a broader context of research into the relationship between the levels of human consciousness and his behaviour.

On the Influence of Metamodernity on Institutional Economic Theory

The article analyses the influence of the philosophy of metamodernism on the institutional economic theory. The author considered the philosophy of metamodernism as a complex of ideas that form the “spirit of the times” – ​the “era of metamodernity”, which is an external environment in relation to institutional economic theory. Having analyzed the key characteristics of modernity and postmodernity, the author proved that metamodernity is not only a synthesis of the philosophical ideas of modernity and postmodernity, but also a new worldview that embraces the entire socio-economic reality. The author formulated the features of the era of metamodernity in the context of economics-society-institutions. The author found that under the influence of the ideas of metamodernity, there have been changes in the motivation of economic agents: from the satisfaction of subjective preferences to the search for new emotional reactions. This, in turn, led to changes in collective (social) economic behavior: rejection of traditional values in favor of values of self-expression, rejection of long-term relationships in favor of long-term ones. According to the author, changes in individual and collective economic behavior occur in parallel with institutional changes at the micro, meso and macro levels: hierarchical institutional structures are being replaced by socio-economic and business ecosystems. Exploring the evolution of economic science in the context of evolution from modern philosophy to postmodern and metamodern philosophy, the author revealed the influence of the ideas of metamodernity on modern economic theory in general and institutional economic theory in particular. The author found that under the influence of the ideas of metamodernity, changes occur in the object and subject of economic research, which requires the improvement of the methodology of institutional economic theory based on an interdisciplinary approach.

Exploring Association between Self-Reported Financial Status and Economic Preferences Using Experimental Data

Research on economic behaviour of individuals in different financial statuses such as being in a good financial standing or in a threatening financial situation are inconclusive. Some evidence suggest that the culture of poverty may shape and dominate the economic preferences of those who are poor and even make them being prone to trembling and making mistakes thereby making decisions that do not maximize their utility. Other evidence suggest that the poor exercise extra caution and fail to maximize utility. This study investigates the association between self-reported financial status and economic preferences in a developing country setting using data from an incentivized experiment and a survey. Extended random effects panel probit regression models are employed as an analytical strategy. The study established a positive association between being financially broke or very broke and being risk averse. In addition, a positive association is found between being financially ‘very broke’ and impatient. Such findings illustrate the importance of psychology of poverty in economic preferences and in decision-making in general, even as poverty is temporary as represented by self-reported financial status.

ВЗАЄМОЗВ'ЯЗОК МІЖ КУЛЬТУРОЮ ПРАЦІ ТА ПОВЕДІНКОЮ НА РОБОТІ: КРОС-КУЛЬТУРНИЙ АСПЕКТ

The increase in the scale of economic activity in the process of expanded reproduction and development, the intensive use of factors of production lead to an exacerbation of not only socio-economic contradictions but also sharply raise the question of the need to solve the qualitative problems of economic growth. In order to form modern thinking as a prerequisite for the formation of a “road map” to ensure sustainable development, the authors revealed the nature of such a phenomenon today as the culture of labor. Which in the future allows to produce both new opportunities and new constraints and challenges in the field of social and labor development. The culture of work affects the general and individual economic behavior, for example, the propensity to entrepreneurship and willingness to delegate authority to subordinates. Trusting people are more likely to become entrepreneurs. At the same time, a high level of interpersonal trust increases their chances of being deceived, and a low level threatens to lose profits. Trusting business leaders give creative freedom to subordinates by delegating authority to them, while low-trust managers, on the other hand, try to keep power in their hands. As a result, there will be contradictions between formal, quantitative, and substantive indicators, spiritual motives and values, the inequality of the dominant parameters of the culture of labor in different sectors of the economy. That is why the study of the impact of cross-cultural aspects in management processes is becoming increasingly important. The article is devoted to the study of the system of influence of personal aspects of human development related to ethnicity, national culture, customs, traditions, etc., on behavior in a homogeneous environment. The mechanisms of formation of cross-cultural interaction of all participants of the management process are highlighted and the role of individual human characteristics in the process of economic activity is revealed. The necessity of introduction of measures of formation of successful organizational culture in the activity of subjects of managing is characterized.

Non-cognitive components of human capital: Evidence from Russian data

There has been a fast rise of interest within the economic science for studying effects of non-cognitive skills on individual economic behavior. Empirical analysis of this sort requires data linking individual psychological and economic variables. Psychological variables can be operationalized by using concepts of “the locus of control” and of “the Big Five” of personality traits. This paper presents descriptive systematization of various indicators of non-cognitive skills introduced in various waves of the RLMS-HSE household survey in 2000-2016. Non-cognitive skills are analyzed in the breakdown by major socio-demographic groups and in association with indicators of life success.

On Economic Market Cycles and Immigration

In my previous paper “On Economic Market Cycles and Dominating Market Behaviour”, I’ve introduced the chronological phases of a Big Economic Market Cycle. In order to remind the readers briefly, the economic market develops as a series of small and big swings. The market debt is the source of market swings. The accumulation of debt and its period of back payment cause market swings or, in other words, market cycles. During a market cycle the economy first goes up and, then, experiences a downturn. The economic rise during a market cycle is linked to money borrowing and economic growth, while the downturn in a market cycle results from the accumulated debt which has to be paid back. A Big Economic Cycle lasts for about 75-100 years. The downturn in a Big Market Curve associates with an economic depression which might last for a decade. Further, I suggested that 75-100 years it’s the time span of 3 mature generations of people in the society. Let’s say, a person stays economically active 30-35 years. In the article “On Economic Market Cycles and Dominating Market Behaviour”, I suggest that that 75-100 years of a Big Economic Market Cycle represents three generations of society, that is, the generation of developers, the generation of benefiters and the generation of decline. The immigration might do from very good to very bad for the recipient society, its economic and social well-being. The influence of individual economic behaviour of immigrants on the group economic behaviour of the recipient society in the long term is decisive in the end of the day.

Davranışsal Ekonomi Perspektifinden İşletme Yönetimi

Ekonomi teorilerinin çoğu bireylerin rasyonel davrandıklarını ve karar verme davranışında tüm bilgileri dikkate aldığını belirtmektedir. Bu kapsamda ekonomi teorilerinden ve uygulama alanlarından bu perspektiften hareketle çeşitli modeller üretilmiştir. Bu karmaşık modellerin çözümünde de matematiksel modellerden faydalanılmıştır. Marshall, Fisher, Keynes gibi ekonomistlerin ürettikleri modeller bilimsel araştırmalarda matematiksel yöntemlerin kullanılmıştır. Ancak kimi teorisyenler ekonominin insan faktöründen ayrı düşünülmeyeceğini savunmuşlardır. Bu nedenle ekonomi, insan faktörü ile birlikte incelenen sosyal bir bilimdir. Bu çerçevede geliştirilen davranışsal ekonomi, bireylerin ekonomik davranışlarının psikolojik yaklaşımla incelenmesini belirterek ekonomi bilimine katkı sağlamıştır. Bu çalışma ekonomi ve psikoloji ilişkisinin gelişimini disiplinler arası araştırılan davranışsal ekonominin finans, pazarlama, fiyatlandırma, işletme yönetimi gibi işletme bilimi ile etkileşimini inceleyen bir literatür taramasıdır.

Economy of joint consumption as a new form of economic relations

Scientific and technological progress, the processes of globalization and internationalization have had a great influence on the development of the economy and related financial instruments, and financial technologies. To describe the model of economic behavior of individuals, the term “joint consumption economy” is widely used, which is based on the joint (collective) use of goods or services that are transferred for temporary use on a reimbursable or free basis. The analysis of information sources by the authors showed that, simultaneously with the term “sharing economy”, other concepts are used depending on the author’s point of view of the researcher and his belonging to the corresponding scientific school. The economy of joint consumption, as a model of the economy, is not new, however, in the context of the penetration of modern information and communication technologies into all spheres of the life of modern society, it received a new impetus for development and changed the structure of the relationship between consumers of goods (services) by reducing the transactional ones that arise in these processes costs, minimizing costs, reducing the number of intermediaries, increasing the number of online trading platforms and simplification of the process of providing consumers with temporary use of goods (services). The online services used in the sharing economy provide consumers with the opportunity to make more efficient, mobile and affordable the use of the resources at their disposal. To single out the volume of the economy of joint consumption among the general indicators of the national (world) economy due to the lack of a unified approach to its determination. For the effective development of the joint consumption economy, the development of the relevant regulatory legal acts is necessary, because for all its advantages there are mutual risks associated with the dishonesty of the parties involved in fulfilling their obligations.

The Relation between Postulations of Behavioral and Traditional Economics with Reference to Islamic Economics

The study examines the main postulations of behavioral economics, which is based on the integration of psychological and neurological determinants in economics, in order to provide a better understanding of individuals' economic behaviors. These postulations attempt to make economics a human discipline, where there is a reference to the falsity of the postulations which say that economics is a neutral science and that it should be separated from ethics. The study focused on analyzing the nature of the link and relationship between behavioral economics and contemporary (traditional) economics, which represents a new branch of contemporary economics; but it is not a substitute for it. The study also assessed the level of similarity between behavioral economics and the method of analysis in Islamic economics. The study adopted the descriptive and analytical method. The findings revealed that there is a new bridge of communication between contemporary economics and Islamic economics, where the behavioral economics had a role in its construction. In many cases, this may seem to be one of the rules of economic behavior of individuals and the society.
 Keywords: behavioral economics, postulations of behavioral economics, contemporary (traditional) economics, stimulation and motivation, individuals' economic rules.

Newest trends in the research of individual’s economic behavior at the beginning of the XXI century

Relevance of the research topic. There are a large number of schools which study the economic behavior of an individual in modern economic science, who is the starting point in the decision-making system. Research on the latest trends in the study of an individual's economic behavior is relevant, as it enables us to use new approaches to solve pressing problems in economic science. Formulation of the problem. Mainstream and heterodoxy exist in economic science at the same time. It is necessary to clearly distinguish what aspects and ideas a particular trend is exploring, and what questions determine which scientific world is drawn to and why. Recent studies have shown that scientists are inclined to use the ideas of heterodoxy, since its methodology, ideas and conclusions can address a number of questions and provide answers about the peculiarities of an individual's economic behavior. Analysis of recent research and publications. In a wide range of domestic and foreign publications the basic ideas of modern scientific approaches to the economic behavior of the individual are covered. However, these studies do not systematize information about mainstream heterodox schools. The purpose of the study is to systematize information about ideas of the modern heterodoxy and to substantiate the existence of pluralism in modern economic science. The methodological basis of the article was general scientific and specific research methods, including induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis and comparison. Results: The main schools of the beginning of the 21st century are examined, which explore the process of decision making by an individual in the economic system. The basic tendencies of sympathizing the scientific world to the views of representatives of heterodoxy, who consider that a person is not a rational subject, are covered. Information about all schools is systematized in the conclusion The analysis of why the neoclassical approach is mainstream is made in the end of the article.It is assumed whether there is a chance and under what conditions modern pluralism can change the basic models of economics. Conclusions. The reasons for applying the ideas of mainstream and heterodoxy were outlined on the basis of the study. It was determined that the using of ideas from different approaches is caused by the conditions of the research and the problem that the researcher wants to solve.

Discussion on the Defense Safety Design Strategies of Building’s Outside Environment Base on Rational Choice Theory——Take Changchun as Example

The Rational choice theory is widely used as a framework for understanding, explaining and modeling social and economic behavior of individuals. The outside environment of buildings is one of the most important carrier of some kind of crimes. A proper building’s outside environment can minimise the occurrence of crime. The positivity the accessibility and the visibility of space can affect the occurrence of crime. The paper takes the rational choice theory as foundation and analyzes the relationship between building’s outside environment and crime. And some strategies are put forward on how to improve the quality of building’ s outside environment.

Economía del Comportamiento: un campo fértil para la investigación de aplicaciones en política pública para México

Objetivo: explorar una ruta teórico-conceptual que exhiba algunos momentos en la evolución de la Economía del Comportamiento (EC), también conocida como Behavioral Economics (BE). A través de la descripción de algunas aplicaciones y resultados obtenidos, generados a partir de los hallazgos dentro de esta disciplina; específicamente en el ámbito de política pública. Este método se ha convertido en una útil herramienta en el plano del diseño de política pública en otras regiones del mundo, pero para México es todavía un campo poco explorado, tanto en el ámbito académico como en la esfera gubernamental. Por lo que se convierte en un área de oportunidad para estas dos instancias. Metodología: Se recurrió a la revisión de bibliografía sobre el tema, guías específicas, conferencias en internet y artículos de revistas científicas. Resultados: Se constata que, con el BE se logra complementar los modelos del mainstream económico de la economía con elementos de la psicología, generando un patrón analítico que confronta a las anomalías de la teoría económica, con los hallazgos sobre el comportamiento económico del individuo. A partir de esto se amplía el conocimiento sobre el tema de toma de decisiones y, sobre esta plataforma conceptual y metodológica, eventualmente se pueden rediseñar las políticas de gobierno relacionadas a estos efectos. Limitaciones: no se encontró literatura que permita dar luz de la implementación del BE en la política pública de México, tampoco se detectó experimentación, ni formación de capital humano entrenado para estos fines. Conclusiones: Existe una deficiencia en la implementación de las aplicaciones y metodología del BE en nuestro País. Esto la convierte en un terreno fértil y de oportunidad, lo cual redunda en un refinamiento del entendimiento del comportamiento humano, tanto en el ámbito académico como para diseñadores de política pública.