Individual Counseling Research Articles

Preventing HIV Infection in Pregnant Women in Western Uganda Through a Comprehensive Antenatal Care-Based Intervention: An Implementation Study.

We implemented and assessed a comprehensive, antenatal care (ANC)-embedded strategy to prevent HIV seroconversions during pregnancy in Uganda. HIV-negative first-time ANC clients were administered an HIV risk assessment tool and received individual risk counseling. Those attending ANC without partners obtained formal partner invitation letters. After three months, repeat HIV testing was carried out; non-attending women were reminded via phone. We analyzed uptake and acceptance, HIV incidence rate, and risk behavior engagement. Among 1081 participants, 116 (10.7%) reported risk behavior engagement at first visit; 148 (13.7%) were accompanied by partners. At the repeat visit (n = 848), 42 (5%, p < 0.001) reported risk behavior engagement; 248 (29.4%, p < 0.001) women came with partners. Seroconversion occurred in two women. Increased odds for risk behavior engagement were found in rural clients (aOR 3.96; 95% CI 1.53-10.26), women with positive or unknown partner HIV-status (2.86; 1.18-6.91), and women whose partners abused alcohol (2.68; 1.15-6.26). Overall, the assessed HIV prevention strategy for pregnant women seemed highly feasible and effective. Risk behavior during pregnancy was reduced by half and partner participation rates in ANC doubled. The observed HIV incidence rate was almost four times lower compared to a pre-intervention cohort in the same study setting.

Perilaku Cyberbullying yang Terjadi pada Siswa di SMA Taman Siswa Padang

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of cyberbullying behavior at school. Where this can have a negative effect on the student's personal quality and quantity. This research aims to describe the picture of cyberbullying in terms: (1) flaming, (2) harassment, (3) denigration, (4) impersonation, ( 5) outing &amp; trickery, (6) exclusion, (7) cyberstalking. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with research methods, namely descriptive methods. The population of this study was 55 students, classes X, XI, The instrument used was a questionnaire with a Likert scale model. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis techniques. Based on the research findings, namely, (1) cyberbullying behavior in students seen from the flaming aspect is in the high category, (2) cyberbullying behavior in students seen from the harassment aspect is in the medium category, (3) cyberbullying behavior in students seen from the denigration aspect is in the medium category, (4) cyberbullying behavior among students seen from the impersonation aspect is in the high category, (5) cyberbullying behavior among students seen from the outing &amp; trickery aspect is in the medium category, (6) cyberbullying behavior among students seen from the exclusion aspect is in the medium category, (7) cyberbullying behavior among students seen from the cyberstalking aspect is in the high category. The implications of guidance and counseling in the form of information services can provide various information regarding tendencies in cyberbullying behavior. Group guidance services with material on "how to avoid cyberbullying behavior", group counseling services with material on "causes of cyberbullying behavior", and individual counseling.

Effects of a mobile application on breastfeeding maintenance in the first 6 months after birth: Randomised controlled trial (COMLACT study)

ProblemIt is necessary to continue promoting breastfeeding rates. BackgroundInformation and communication technologies have significantly impacted healthcare services and are transforming the sector. There is little evidence of the usefulness of mobile applications to support breastfeeding and increase its duration. AimTo assess whether mobile application—LactApp® (Barcelona, Spain)—usage compared with standard care increases the 6-month postpartum breastfeeding rate. MethodsA multicentre, randomised, controlled clinical trial of parallel groups was conducted. The study was conducted in four public hospitals in Spain from January 2022 to January 2023. 270 Women were randomly assigned to each parallel group. The women in the intervention group received free access to the mobile application LactApp®, which provides personalised and convenient support to women about BF. Women in the control group received standard care, which included individual counselling about the benefits of maintaining BF for the first 6 months of the baby's life. FindingsThe rate of breastfeeding abandonment at 15 days was 6.4 % in the control group vs 0.0 % in the intervention group (p = 0.105). LactApp® usage did not increase the 6-month postpartum breastfeeding rate compared with standard care (CG = 41.6% vs. IG = 43.6 %; p = 0.826). DiscussionFurther studies must explore how technologies can help improve long-term breastfeeding maintenance. The mobile app seems to reduce early weaning in the first 15 days slightly. ConclusionMobile application usage did not increase the breastfeeding rate compared with standard practice but may reduce breastfeeding abandonment in the first 2 weeks postpartum.

Intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation as a moderator of key predictors of romantic relationship commitment

Religious individuals often assume that their beliefs promote strong romantic relationships. Yet the empirical evidence is mixed. To better understand this association, this study examined religious orientation as a moderator within the investment model of commitment. A community sample of 84 couples completed measures on religious orientation and commitment as part of a larger study on romantic relationships. The findings indicate that although both religious motivations promote commitment, they do so differently. Specifically, intrinsic religious orientation buffered the negative effects of dissatisfaction in a relationship; whereas an extrinsic religious orientation attenuated the extent to which alternatives to the relationship influenced commitment. Future research in this area should consider religious orientation, rather than overall religiosity, and examine specific predictors of relationship commitment to provide greater clarity on how religiosity influences romantic relationships. Implications for counseling individuals with religious beliefs are also discussed.

Abstract 18229: The Effectiveness of a Student-Delivered Weight Loss Program in a High-Risk Urban Practice

Introduction: Obesity is a global epidemic contributing to CVD, the leading cause of death worldwide. Diet, exercise, and lifestyle are crucial to CVD prevention and treatment. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a 13-component dietary analysis tool based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, with higher scores associated with lower CVD risk. Calculating the HEI involves a 24-hour food recall and complex scoring. The Diet Risk Score (DRS), a 9-question, efficient alternative screening tool, has been validated against the HEI. JeffWLP, a unique low-cost, long-term student-delivered nutrition education program, evaluates improvement in DRS. Hypothesis: JeffWLP participants in JeffWLP would demonstrate significant weight loss, increased physical activity, and improved DRS in urban at-risk patients. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 30 obese adults from an underserved urban population were randomized to intervention (n=18) or control/usual care (n=12) groups. Mean age was 46 +/- 13 years. 80% were African American, and 90% were female; mean baseline BMI was 38 +/- 5. Mean socioeconomic status, self-assessed using the MacArthur Scale, was 6 (maximum 10). JeffWLP includes 12 core weekly group and individual nutrition education counseling sessions, meal replacements, and an exercise component, followed by unlimited bimonthly maintenance counseling. Vitals were obtained pre, mid, and post-core intervention. Results: JeffWLP participants achieved mean weight loss of 6.1 +/- 7.8 lbs (p=0.01), or 2.7 +/- 3.3% body weight (p &lt; 0.01) in 12 weeks. Mean DRS improved by 7 +/- 6 points (p &lt;0.001). Number of weekend steps walked increased by 3500 +/- 3150 (p = 0.016). Pilot JeffWLP patients (n=7), sustained weight loss of 4.8 +/- 8.1 lbs, 285 days after enrollment (p = 0.17). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the cost-effectiveness of JeffWLP for improving weight loss, exercise, and dietary risk in 12 weeks. We anticipate additional sustained improvements in this ongoing study with double the sample size; this additional data will be available at the AHA meeting. JeffWLP empowers medical students to improve health outcomes in disadvantaged, at-risk underserved populations affordably, addressing critical health disparities.

Sickle Cell Trait and Mortality Risk: California Newborn Screening Longitudinal Follow up of Births 1991-2013

Sickle cell trait (SCT) represents a significant global public health issue with approximately three million carriers in United States and over 300 million worldwide. Yet, the mortality risk of sickle cell trait is unknown. Early anecdotal research on SCT led to social bias and stigmatization of individuals with the trait, which unfortunately hindered the conduct of well-designed morbidity and mortality studies in this population. This resulted in SCT being perceived as a benign asymptomatic condition that protects against malaria and its importance confined to the genetic risk for sickle cell disease. As research in SCT gradually increased, it became evident that SCT is indeed a risk factor for several complications including exertional related rhabdomyolysis, chronic kidney disease, venous thromboembolism, and other morbidities. SCT red cells in abnormal physiologic conditions sickle and can cause morbidity and mortality. Additionally, SCT could potentially influence the severity of various illnesses. Individuals with SCT commonly experience hyposthenuria and are at risk for dehydration which could further exacerbate the severity of many medical problems. It is essential to determine if SCT is a risk factor for overall mortality. This study is the first population-level investigation of all-cause mortality risk for individuals with SCT. This longitudinal analysis included all live births with SCT identified by the California newborn screening (NBS) program between 1991 and 2013. For each newborn with SCT, three matched controls with hemoglobin AA were randomly selected from the NBS cohort. Controls were matched to SCT cases on year of birth, sex, race/ethnicity, and city of birth. SCT records with incomplete data for the matched variables or those with fewer than three matching controls were excluded from the analysis. SCT cases and controls were linked to all deaths within the state of California for the years 1991-2013 using statewide death data files. Cox proportional hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare mortality between individuals with SCT and controls with hemoglobin AA, including stratified by age (&amp;lt;1, 1-4, 5-14, 15-22). The study identified 94,240 live births with SCT (Table 1), which represents 96% of all SCT live births identified by the California NBS program in 1991-2013, and 282,720 matched controls. Between 1991 to 2013, there were 693 (0.74%) SCT deaths and 1,910 (0.68%) control deaths. Those with SCT had an increased mortality hazard rate compared to those with hemoglobin AA (11% higher, p=0.015). When stratified by age, mortality hazard rates in the age strata 1-4 years (44% higher, p= .0009) and 5-14 years (48% higher, p=.0047) were higher than those with hemoglobin AA (Table 2). These age strata describe periods of follow up time, and an individual may appear in more than one stratum. Mortality hazard ratios calculated for each age stratum are conditional to individuals surviving to the starting age of that stratum. This analysis of mortality risk for a cohort of over 94,000 infants identified with SCT is the first of its kind and adds important information to the assessment of health risk for the condition. This is the first study that reports a higher risk of mortality for children and young adults with SCT compared to those with hemoglobin AA. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive research, including confirming the study results in other longitudinal sickle cell trait population-level studies and investigation into underlying causes of death, to inform clinical management and counseling for individuals with SCT.

The Evolution of Employee Assistance Programs to Best Support Healthcare Organizations.

Employee assistance programs (EAPs) have been evolving since they first became prevalent in the 1970s. The important counseling component of EAPs is sometimes lost in discussions about what they do, with many EAPs marketing a broad portfolio of services such as childcare, elder care, legal referral, and other concierge services rather than counseling. The objective of this study was to examine outcomes for the EAP of one organization (Mayo Clinic), compare them to outcomes reported in the literature, and gain insights to help all healthcare organizations best support their employees. Consistent with customary EAP practice, data for this study was collected through an anonymous survey link distributed by e-mail to users of individual counseling as well as users of organizational consulting services such as advising leaders and supervisors and leading educational sessions. All (n = 82) individual counseling respondents indicated they would recommend the EAP, none reported worse symptoms, 90% decreased their stress levels, 92% reduced their feelings of anxiety, 88% enjoyed an overall improvement in mood, and 95% developed new skills. If their concern was work-related, 96% agreed the counselor understood the work culture and was able to provide helpful guidance; of the clients who were feeling burned out, 86% agreed they gained strategies to reduce its symptoms. Thematic analysis of individual counseling services indicated that participants highly valued their counselors. Regarding organizational consulting services, respondents (n = 50) indicated EAP services increased their confidence as leaders, supported their work, and provided tangible guidance. They appreciated having an internal EAP counselor. Thematic analysis of organizational consulting services indicated that EAP supported leaders by listening, coaching, and empowering them to normalize issues. EAPs have evolved into distinct internal, external, and hybrid internal-external models. Internal model counselors are company employees with inside knowledge of company culture, external EAP model counselors are contracted outside of the company, and hybrid models combine a small cadre of internal counselors with the support of outside contractors. Regardless of the model, EAP counselors must collaborate with internal stakeholders, notably the human resources department, to efficiently identify and troubleshoot employee relational issues and allow for customized initiatives to improve mental health. Based upon these findings and the authors' direct experiences with EAP providers, components of an ideal EAP are outlined to show how EAPs can best support employees. Healthcare leaders seeking to add EAP services are advised to focus on offerings that are custom fit to the organization.

Stressful Living Conditions in Nuclear, Single Parent and Stepfamilies and Use of Prevention Services. Findings of Two Representative German Studies

Comparison of (stressful) living conditions and use of universal, selective and indicated prevention services in nuclear, single parent and stepfamilies with young children. Using two representative German surveys of mothers with children aged 0-3 years (KiD 0-3 2015, n=6,671, and AID:A 2019, n=1,501), mothers' reported burden and the use of various prevention services in different family types were examined descriptively and with Chi²-tests. Overall, single parent families and, to some extent, stepfamilies showed increased socioeconomic stress compared to nuclear families (e. g., young motherhood, higher poverty risk). In particular, universal prevention services (e. g., prenatal classes, parent-child courses) were used less frequently by single parent families, while selective and indicated services such as family or child guidance counselling services and offers of youth welfare agencies were used more frequently. Increased socioeconomic stress suggests a higher need for support among single parents compared to nuclear families. Universal group offers are possibly not sufficient to meet these needs, whereas selective individual counselling offers such as pregnancy and child guidance counseling are used more frequently by single parent families and stepfamilies compared to nuclear families. There seems to be a lack of (group) offers tailored to single parent families - particularly in the first developmental phase of a child's life.

Effectiveness of lifestyle related interventions to improve quality of life among postmenopausal women in selected slums of Bhubaneswar: A community based quasi experimental study

BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal women considered as risk population, due to estrogen deficiency, 80% of women reduce physical and mental well-being in their menopausal years. Menopausal symptoms are not always reasons for any life-intimidating situations, but it disturbs quality of life (QoL) of middle-aged women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This non-randomized control trial was conducted among slum women in the age group of 40 to 60 years who were in their postmenopausal period (within 5 years). Study group was intervened by lifestyle-related interventional module about concept of menopause, symptoms, health issues, dietary habit for reducing menopausal symptoms with a practical demonstration of yoga, exercises and pranayama, group and individual counseling to the participants. Independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test were analyzed by SPSS software version 28 licensed to the institute. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 51.02 ± 2.94 years ranging from 47 to 58 years. As per anthropometric and blood pressure measurements data, significant differences were found in weight (P &lt; 0.02), body mass index (P &lt; 0.001), waist/Hip Ratio (P &lt; 0.001), SBP (P &lt; 0.001) and DBP (P &lt; 0.001) between both the groups. Comparing the mean difference score of vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual domains of the MENQOL questionnaire pre- and post-intervention found that, there was significant reduction of QoL score in study group. CONCLUSION: The lifestyle related interventions as an alternative therapy are safe, free from side effects, cost-effective and government program may be implemented for the betterment of the menopausal women.

A rare case of medullary carcinoma

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for 5–10 % of all thyroid cancers. Most cases (75 %) are sporadic, but the proportion of patients with MTC and a familial predisposition syndrome is the highest among those with any hereditary cancer syndrome (about 25 %), and this possibility should be considered when examining a patient with MTC. Familial syndromes include multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A, MEN 2B, and non-MEN familial MTC (familial MTC). Familial MTC syndromes occur in approximately one case per 30,000 of the population. Reduced penetrance and clinical variability are well-established features of many monogenic disorders, particularly phenotypes associated with the RET proto-oncogene. They require an individual assessment of the pathogenic effects and clinical significance of any identified new sequence of the RET va­riant as prerequisites for individual genetic counseling and planning of medical monitoring and treatment. Diagnostic criteria for the disease have been outlined, molecular and genetic aspects have been discussed, and the determination of treatment and further observation has been addressed. The article describes a clinical case of a rare variant of MTC. Treatment of this pathology with radical extrafascial thyroidectomy is under consideration. Given the ineffectiveness of radioiodine and chemotherapy, the main task in the treatment of MTC is early diagnosis, radical surgical intervention, and active monitoring aimed at early detection of disease recurrence. When planning prophylactic thyroidectomy, it is recommended to focus on the stratification of the level of RET gene mutations and the timing of prophylactic thyroidectomy proposed by the American Thyroid Association. The introduction of molecular genetic research into clinical practice for the purpose of diagnosing MTC allows for the objective assessment of the genetic lineage of the disease within a biological family. A timely diagnosis of MTC makes it possible to prescribe an adequate treatment at the stage of preclinical manifestations of the disease, which can significantly increase the quality and duration of life.

토픽모델링을 활용한 상담과정에서 상담자와 내담자 간 언어변화

Objectives The aim of this study is to utilize counseling content between counselors and clients during the coun-seling process using topic modeling, extract key themes, and investigate language changes over time.&#x0D; Methods A single counselor conducted individual counseling sessions with Client A and Client B, each lasting 50 minutes, once a week for a total of 5 sessions. The transcripts of these counseling sessions, including a follow-up session, underwent refinement before undergoing frequency analysis and topic modeling.&#x0D; Results In the frequency analysis, key keywords in Client A's counseling sessions included ‘thoughts,’ ‘people,’ and ‘emotions,’ while in Client B's counseling sessions, ‘mother,’ ‘child,’ and ‘stories’ predominated. LDA topic modeling revealed that Client A's major topics were ‘thoughts and emotions’ and ‘personal life,’ while topics such as ‘husband and emotions’ and ‘people's emotions’ were extracted for the counselor, each occurring 5 times. For Client B, primary topics included ‘professor's thoughts’ and ‘complimentary stories,’ while for the counselor, top-ics like ‘worrisome stories’ and ‘mother's studies’ were extracted, each occurring 8 times. Additionally, DTM topic modeling results showed that both Client A and B had higher topic appearances at the beginning and end stages of counseling, with lower appearances during the counseling process. In contrast, the counselor had a high topic appearance from the beginning to the end, while in the follow-up session, both the client and the counselor showed lower topic appearances.&#x0D; Conclusions Through this study, extracting core keywords and topics during the counseling process allowed for the identification of client interests and themes, as well as the analysis of topic changes over time. This in-formation can assist counselors in focusing on the client's primary concerns, thus improving the quality of the counseling process. Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence analysis techniques such as topic modeling in analyzing the content of individual counseling sessions is significant in presenting language changes between counselors and clients during the counseling process.

Contraception and Abortion Care for People Living With HIV: A Clinical Guide for Reproductive Health Practitioners.

People capable of pregnancy are disproportionately affected by HIV. Family planning needs and services are often unmet in this population, and clinical care guidelines regarding contraceptive options and abortion care are not well elucidated. Individuals living with HIV often face unique barriers in accessing contraception and abortion services due to internalized stigma, medically complex care (eg, drug-drug interactions, adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy), and distrust of health care providers. There is also a lack of clarity among reproductive health, primary, and infectious disease care providers on best-practice contraceptive counseling and contraceptive care for individuals living with HIV, given limited opportunities to enhance expertise in reproductive infectious disease. In this review, we summarize existing and updated evidence and clinical considerations regarding contraceptive counseling and abortion care in this population.

Analisis Kenakalan Remaja: Studi Kasus pada MAN 2 Padangsidimpuan

This study aims to analyze juvenile delinquency at MAN 2 Padangsidimpuan. It consists of the types of delinquency, the causal factors, and the efforts of the counseling teacher in alleviating juvenile delinquency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were students, counseling teachers, subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and parents of students taken using the snowball sampling technique. Research instruments used observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found: 1) Types of delinquency that occurred; smoking, skipping school, not doing homework, leaving the house without saying goodbye to parents, coming home late at night, fighting, bullying; 2) The factor of delinquency; environmental factors, wrong perceptions of subject teachers and learning activities, often delaying and neglecting assignments, lack of parental attention, abused solidarity, having wrong perceptions of others; 2) The efforts of the counseling teacher in alleviating juvenile delinquency are; providing information, supervising student activities through collaboration with subject teachers and parents, providing individual counseling services, group guidance, and content mastery services to improve student skills in certain fields.&#x0D; Keywords: juvenile delinquency, the efforts of the counseling teacher.

Gambaran Motivasi Belajar Siswa dari Keluarga yang Broken Home

Every teenager wants to live in a complete family. However, not all teenagers are lucky to have it, such as family divorce. broken home Families can affect teenagers' learning at school. This research aims to describe the learning motivation of students from broken home families. This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive approach. The sample for this research was 56 students using a purposive sampling technique using the criteria of young victims of broken homes and looking at the students' behavior and achievements at school. Data were collected using a learning motivation questionnaire consisting of aspects of learning preparation, aspects of following the teaching and learning process, and aspects of following up on lessons with a Likert model scale. The number of validity items is 30 items and the reliability is 0.884. To find out the description of the research variables, use the percentage formula. The results of this research found that 43.10% of students from broken home families had low learning motivation. Therefore, guidance and counseling services are needed, such as information services, content mastery services, individual counseling services and group guidance services to increase student learning motivation.

Urgensi Guru BK Individual di Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Percaya Diri Siswa di MAN 1 Medan

Confidence is one of the things that is important for every individual, especially for students at school. Students who lack confidence will find it difficult to adapt to the existing environment at school. Therefore it is necessary to have follow-up from the school, namely by carrying out Guidance and Counseling teacher counseling services. This research is a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Where the purpose of this research is to find out how the role of the counseling teacher plays in dealing with students who lack self-confidence. The subject of this research involves one of the counseling teachers. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, sound recordings and documentation. From this study it was found that the method used was the face to face method, namely the individual technique of the counseling teacher directly calling the students concerned to come to the counseling room. By providing individual counseling so that students are more courageous in showing their abilities in front of their friends, and are not awkward in interacting with other Pongo pygmaeus. Basically a lack of self-confidence harms students not only through associating with a low rule attitude, but through students considering their choices in a different way. Lack of self-confidence may require attention to help ensure that students' future choices are not unnecessarily limited. Keywords : Confidence, Individual Counseling, Student.

Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Siswa Terhadap Layanan Konseling Individu

This research aims to determine the level of student satisfaction with individual counseling services for classes X and XI at SMA Negeri 1 Tulungagung. The type of research used is quantitative research with a descriptive type. This research was carried out by analyzing data on the average percentage of student satisfaction. With a population of 118 and the research sample used total sampling or the entire population was used as a sample. The method for collecting data in this research uses a questionnaire. The results of the descriptive percentage analysis showed that the average satisfaction of class With a percentage of each aspect, namely the physical evidence aspect with a percentage of 21.89%, the reliability aspect with a percentage of 21.03%, the timeliness aspect with a percentage of 13.28%, the guarantee aspect with a percentage of 13.45%, and the empathy aspect with a percentage of 17. .84%. The conclusion from this research is that the percentage of average student satisfaction is 7.14%, where the categorization is very dissatisfied.

Gambaran Kesiapan Menikah pada Wanita Usia Dewasa Awal di Kelurahan Seberang Padang

Marriage readiness is an important thing for every couple who is getting married, because marriage readiness is a state of being ready to accept responsibility as husband and wife in every problem that will be faced in marriage. However, the phenomenon that has occurred in Indonesia in the last five years has seen a decline in marriage rates. One of the factors is that there are still many individuals who have not prepared themselves to get married from a personal or situational perspective, even though in terms of age and physique the individual is fit to get married. This research aims to describe the readiness for marriage in early adulthood women in terms of the aspect of personal readiness; have emotions that are mature and emotionally healthy, know your self-image, are of sufficient age to get married, are mature in socializing with statements of 21 items and situational readiness; financially ready and ready on time with a statement of 9 items. The method in this research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The total population in this study was 249 women in early adulthood. Sampling in this study used stratified random sampling and obtained a sample of 153 women in early adulthood in Seberang Padang Village using the Slovin formula. The scale used in this research is the Likert scale. The results of the validity test of the previously used questionnaire were 33 items, then after the validity test there were 30 valid items and 3 invalid items. Furthermore, the results of the reliability test using the Cronbach's Alpha formula were obtained (0.873), meaning that the marriage readiness questionnaire for women in early adulthood was reliable. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive-comparative analysis. The research results showed that readiness for marriage in early adulthood women in terms of personal readiness was in the medium category (58%) and situational readiness was in the high category (56%). This shows that women in early adulthood in Seberang Padang Village already have quite good readiness for marriage. Based on the results of this research, counselors can provide assistance in the form of information services and individual counseling services to help women in early adulthood increase their readiness to face marriage in the future.

The practice of distance lactation counseling by peer counselors

Introduction: Handling the COVID-19 pandemic has consumed the time and energy of every health worker. Empowering the role of peer counselors through the deployment of distance lactation counseling is the key to maintaining the services. Furthermore, counseling is implemented frequently and for a long duration. Therefore, the cost of accessing the media and internet connection plays an important role in implementing distance counseling. This study aimed to reduce the duration and frequency of distance lactation counseling using a combination of WhatsApp and linktr.ee media. Methods: The method used was a quasi-experimental post-test group design with a case study approach. The population consists of 40 peer counselors in Kampung ASI, Wonokromo Village. Additionally, the sample size used is the total population. The difference in duration and frequency of lactation counseling is tested using the independent sample t-test. Results: There was a significant difference between the duration and frequency of counseling in the two groups, with a p-value = 0.000 &lt;0.05. Longer duration and high frequency were observed in the implementation of individual counseling using WhatsApp media, with a mean difference (95% CI) for the duration and frequency at 46.4 and 1.7, respectively. Conclusion: Counseling media equipped with video recordings of materials can reduce the duration and frequency, hence, counselees can learn independently according to their needs and only discuss things they do not understand with counselors. It also reduces media access costs for peer counselors recruited with minimal salaries.

The impact of previous conservative treatment of atypical hyperplasia on pregnancy outcomes after IVF/ICSI-embryo transfer: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.

Do women have worse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of IVF/ICSI-fresh embryo transfer (ET) after conservative treatment of atypical hyperplasia (AH)? AH has no impact on live birth but is associated with increased risks of pregnancy loss and preterm delivery (PTD). AH is a precancerous lesion of endometrial cancer. Several recognized AH risk factors include nulliparity, increased body mass index, ovulation disorders, diabetes mellitus, and others. As such, patients are suggested to attempt conception upon achieving AH regression. Recently, successful pregnancies with IVF/ICSI have been increasingly reported. Forty-two patients with AH regression and 18700 women with no evidence of endometrial abnormality, who underwent their first autologous oocytes' retrieval and fresh ET cycles of IVF/ICSI in the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, from May 2008 to July 2021, were retrospectively enrolled. First, 42 AH patients were propensity score matched with control women (n = 168) at a 1:4 ratio. Reproductive outcomes and maternal/neonatal complications were compared between the matched pairs. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess odds ratios (ORs) of AH for live birth, pregnancy loss, and PTD from AH women and all 18700 eligible controls. Patients with AH achieved a numerically lower live birth rate (LBR) as compared to the matched controls, but without significant difference (26% versus 37%, P = 0.192). However, compared with the matched controls, AH patients showed significantly higher rates of pregnancy loss (52% versus 21%, P = 0.003) and PTD (45% versus 16%, P = 0.041). Further analyses revealed a statistically significantly increased rate of late pregnancy loss (17% versus 3%, P = 0.023), but not early miscarriage (35% versus 18%, P = 0.086), in the AH group. Furthermore, after correcting for potential confounders, the likelihood of a live birth in AH patients narrowly failed to be statistically significantly different from controls (adjusted OR [aOR]: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.25-1.04, P = 0.064). Nonetheless, the logistic regression reconfirmed that AH was an independent risk factor for pregnancy loss (aOR: 3.62, 95% CI: 1.55-8.46, P = 0.003), late pregnancy loss (aOR: 9.33, 95% CI: 3.00-29.02, P < 0.001), and PTD (aOR: 5.70, 95% CI: 1.45-22.38, P = 0.013). Selection bias was an inherent drawback of this study. First, because of the low AH prevalence among women receiving IVF/ICSI treatment, and consequently, limited sample size, the relationship between AH with LBR and adverse complications might be concealed and underestimated. Hence, the results should be interpreted cautiously. Similarly, the impacts of diverse clinical features of AH patients on the pregnancy outcomes need further studies in a larger population. Second, although most data used in this study were obtained by reviewing the medical records, missing data did exist and so did the recall bias. Third, although the propensity score matching and multivariable logistic models were performed collectively in order to minimize potential confounders between AH and controls, the intrinsic disadvantages of the retrospective nature of this study could not be avoided completely, and additional confirmation bias might be induced with reduplication of statistical analyses. Our results highlight the necessity of adequate counseling and intensive pregnancy monitoring for AH individuals and their families. This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research & Developmental Program of China (2022YFC2703800), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2022MH009), and Projects of Medical and Health Technology Development Program in Shandong Province (202005010520, 202005010523). There are no conflicts of interest to declare. N/A.

Health-Related Quality of Life and Sleep Habits of Children with Overweight or Obesity

Abstract Background Obesity is a major public health challenge affecting children of all ages worldwide. Being overweight or obese can have severe negative psychological impacts and a significant reduction in health-related functioning. To improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and sleep habits for children with overweight/obesity, it is important to design and implement effective interventions. Few studies have included parents as behavioral agents to improve sleep habits and quality of life in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. Methods This 6-month, non-randomized, cluster-controlled trial included 166 Norwegian children aged 5-13 years with overweight/obesity and their parents. The intervention group received individual family counselling and participated in physical activity groups and nutrition courses. A frequency questionnaire was filled out by parents, and the sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) and Kidsscreen-10 index (proxy version) were used to assess HRQoL. Results The results indicate that, overall, the children had good HRQoL. The mean average scores for HRQoL were 50.0 (standard deviation (SD): 8.1) for the intervention group and 49.0 (SD: 10.1) for the control group, which are broadly in line with normative data. For sleep habits, the mean average score was 43.8 (SD: 11.6) for the intervention group and 45.1 (SD: 11.7) for the control group. No significant changes in HRQoL and sleep habits were reported as a result of the intervention. Conclusions The children with overweight/obesity reported overall good HRQol at baseline and somewhat worse for sleep habits than the general population. No increase in quality of life or sleep quality was found in the intervention group compared to the control group in children with overweight/obesity. Key messages • The HRQoL among the children with overweight/obesity was good, but there were clinically relevant challenges related to sleep. • No increase in HRQoL and sleep habits were found after the intervention.