Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control Research Articles

Management strategy to mitigate voltage sags effects of a multi-motors system using ADALINE algorithm and cascade sliding mode control

Multi-motor systems (MMS) find widespread use in various industrial applications, including plastic, paper, textiles, and steel rolling mills, where synchronized speeds are crucial for optimal operation. However, a significant limitation of these systems is their susceptibility to voltage sags, resulting in speed and synchronization loss, along with peak currents and torques during voltage recovery. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-motors management strategy aimed at attenuating the adverse effects of voltage sags. The proposed technique is based on principles that involve recovering the system’s kinetic energy and leveraging the current reversibility of the converters. The control scheme comprises two main strategies: an adaptive linear neuron or later adaptive linear element (ADALINE)-based voltage sag detection algorithm utilizing least mean square (LMS) adaptation for rapid convergence using artificial neural networks, and a control scheme incorporating sliding mode speed controllers and indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC). Additionally, a logic-based strategy for voltage sag attenuation completes the control framework. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed strategy are demonstrated through simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink/SimPowerSystems.

Intelligent fuzzy back-stepping observer design based induction motor robust nonlinear sensorless control

Introduction. The control algorithm of Induction Motor (IM) is massively dependent on its parameters; so, any variation in these parameters (especially in rotor resistance) gives unavoidably error propagates. To avoid this problem, researches give more than solution, they have proposed Variable Structure Control (VSC), adaptive observers such as Model Reference Adaptive System, Extended Luenberger Observer (ELO) and the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), these solutions reduce the estimated errors in flux and speed. As novelty in this paper, the model speed observer uses the estimated currents and voltages as state variables; we develop this one by an error feedback corrector. The Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) uses the correct observed value of speed; in our research, we improve the observer’s labour by using back-stepping Sliding Mode (SM) control. Purpose. To generate the pulse-width modulation inverter pulses which reduce the error due of parameters variations in very fast way. Methods. We develop for reach this goal an exploration of two different linear observers used for a high performance VSC IM drive that is robust against speed and load torque variations. Firstly, we present a three levels inverter chosen to supply the IM; we present its modelling and method of control, ending by an experiment platform to show its output signal. A block diagram of IRFOC was presented; we analyse with mathematic equations the deferent stages of modelling, showed clearly the decoupling theory and the sensorless technique of control. The study described two kinds of observers, ELO and EKF, to estimate IM speed and torque. By the next of that, we optimize the step response using the fuzzy logic, which helps the system to generate the PI controller gains. Both of the two observers are forward by SM current controller, the convergence of SM-ELO and SM-EKF structures is guaranteed by minimizing the error between actual and observed currents to zero. Results. Several results are given to show the effectiveness of proposed schemes.

Fault Tolerant Control of a Dual Star Induction Machine Drive System using Hybrid Fractional Controller

Abstract This paper presents a novel fault tolerant control (FTC) strategy for a dual star induction machine (DSIM) based on the combination of two types of robust controllers, namely a proportional resonant (PR) controller for current regulation and a fractional order PI (FOPI) for speed regulation. This FTC is associated with an indirect rotor indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC) strategy. Fault feedforward compensation of the current components is introduced using the residual signal generated by the calculations passing through the PR controller. The fractional-order PI controller is applied as a feedforward fractional-order perturbation observer to the speed control loop, which attempts to minimise the error induced by the fault. In this context, a fault-tolerant control scheme is achieved. The performance characteristics of the proposed fault tolerant control for a dual star induction machine drive are compared with the fault tolerant control based on the conventional integer order IP (IOPI) to verify the effectiveness of the proposed FTC scheme under various conditions, by examining the robustness of the control in the presence of faults. To evaluate the performance of the proposed technique, simulation results are obtained using the Matlab/Simulink environment. According to the obtained simulation results, the proposed FTC system achieves significantly better responses than the conventional IRFOC system in terms of harmonics in the stator currents, and low oscillations in the electromagnetic torque response.

Pole-Transition Control of Variable-Pole Machines Using Harmonic-Plane Decomposition

Variable phase-pole machines have the potential to extend the operational range to higher speeds through magnetic pole changes. The state-of-the-art vectorspace decomposition cannot model the transient behavior of the pole change for any possible phase-pole configuration as it creates a discontinuity. The proposed harmonicplane decomposition theory solves this issue by generalizing the vector-space decomposition to the fullest extend by using its discrete Fourier transformation interpretation. The theory for indirect rotor field-oriented control is developed using the harmonic-plane decomposition. A controlled, loaded pole change on a wound independently-controlled stator-coils machine using two transition strategies shows the harmonic-plane decomposition-based controller's ability to maintain torque in the transition. Additionally, the proposed controller accomplishes real harmonic injection and balanced steady-state operation.

Vector-controlled Y-connected three-phase induction motor drives: small-signal stability study during IGBT short-circuit fault

<p>The stability analysis is one of the most important elements to describe the performance of AC drive systems under both dynamic and steady-state operating circumstances. This is particularly essential because electric motors operate over a wide range of speeds and utilize complex control systems such as field-oriented control (FOC). This study establishes a small-signal stability analysis (SSSA) in a 1-horsepower vector-controlled Y-connected three-phase induction motor (YCTPIM) drive during an insulated gate bipolar transistor short-circuits failure (IGBT-SCF). In the beginning, a vector control system that is based on the indirect rotor FOC (IRFOC) method is described for post-fault functioning of the YCTPIM while the IGBT-SCF is taking place. After that, a small-signal model of the system that has been provided is explored. This model is based on a voltage-current model, and it is constructed by linearizing the non-linear dynamic equations of the system. During IGBT-SCF, an IRFOC strategy as well as SSSA operations are carried out on the 1-HP, 380 V, and YCTPIM. In this research, both analytical and simulation-based methodologies are applied.</p>

Fitness distance balance-based Runge–Kutta algorithm for indirect rotor field-oriented vector control of three-phase induction motor

Fitness distance balance-based Runge–Kutta algorithm for indirect rotor field-oriented vector control of three-phase induction motor

A Modified Space Vector Modulation Based Rotor Flux Oriented Control of Six-Phase Asymmetrical Induction Motor Drive

In view of the attractive features like improved torque density, reduction torque pulsation, superior fault tolerance, reduced power rating of voltage source converter, and sterling noise characteristics of six-phase asymmetrical induction motor (SPAIM) as compared to its three-phase counterpart, the SPAIM is considered for the study. In this paper, mathematical modelling of SPAIM is carried out in the synchronous reference frame and then indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC) of SPAIM using a modified carrier wave-based space vector modulation (SVM) scheme is developed. A Simulink model of the proposed system configuration is developed and a simulation study is carried out. In order to validate the simulation results, a scaled prototype model of SPAIM rated for 2 HP, 4-pole, 200V is developed, and closed loop control of SPAIM drive with aforesaid modified SVM technique is implemented using TMS320F28379D controller board. The performance of the system is observed in several operating conditions with simulation studies using MATLAB/Simulink and test setup and various test results are recorded under several operating conditions and presented. Furthermore, the proposed SVM technique is compared with benchmarked SPWM and hysteresis current controller as well and it is observed that it outperforms traditional SPWM and hysteresis-based current controllers in terms of the distortion of stator currents and torque ripples.

Attenuation of voltage sags effects and dynamic performance improvement of a multi-motor system

In many continuous manufacturing processes such as paper, textile, winding and plastic extrusion, electric drives are frequently required to work in synchronization, often with high tolerances to ensure uniform product quality and avoid failure of the product. In a multi-motor system (MMS), voltage dips are the most common cause of the motor stoppage, and the transient loss of synchronism between motors can result in a complete system shutdown. This paper proposes a multi-motor system controlled by a Backstepping strategy to ensure servo-control and synchronization of induction motors. This technique includes indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC), linear speed control, and mechanical tension control, of induction motors. Investigations of symmetrical voltage sag effects on speed, torque, and mechanical tension are also carried out. Simulation results obtained using Matlab®/SimulinkTM/SimPowerSystems® are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed control strategy.

Model-Based Predictive Rotor Field-Oriented Angle Compensation for Induction Machine Drives

In this paper, a model-based predictive rotor field-oriented angle compensation approach is proposed for induction machine drives. Indirect rotor field-oriented control is widely used in induction machine drives for its simple implementation and low cost. However, the accuracy of the rotor field-oriented angle is affected by variable parameters such as the rotor resistance and inductance. An inaccurate rotor field-oriented angle leads to a degradation of the torque and dynamic performance, especially in the high-speed flux-weakening region. Therefore, the d-axis and q-axis currents in the rotation reference frame are predicted based on the model and compared with the feedback current to correct the rotor field-oriented angle. To improve the stability and robustness, the proposed predictive algorithm is based on the storage current, voltage, and velocity data. The algorithm can be easily realized in real-time. Finally, the simulated and experimental results verify the algorithm’s effectiveness on a 7.5 kW induction machine setup.

Smart integration of drive system for induction motor applications in electric vehicles

In this paper, a smart drive system of the induction motor (IM) is proposed and adapted for applications in electric vehicles (EVs). Objectively, the EV drive systems are robust over wide speed and torque ranges. The proposed drive system is independent of encoder (encoderless) and concerned with the torque control drive (TCD) and indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC) using the sliding mode observer (SMO). This arrangement of monitoring system and control techniques are smartly integrated for the IM applications in EVs. The encoderless technique utilizes SMO to estimate the stator current, rotor flux angle, and rotor speed. The SMO is verified in motoring mode at very low and zero speed conditions. The accelerator pedal is utilized for TCD to generate the reference torque required to accelerate the EV by the driver. The rotor flux angle is estimated based on IRFOC method. The laboratory waveforms illustrate the robustness of the encoderless control of the IM-based torque control drive system in electrical vehicle applications at very low speed using SMO. The laboratory waveforms prove the validity of SMO with encoderless control of a smart dive system of the IM in EV applications under load torque/speed variations.

Speed sensorless control of seven phase asynchronous motor drive system using extended Kalman filter

ABSTRACT In recent decades, multiphase motors are used in numerous applications instead of three-phase A synchronous motors, due to many advantages they offer. Eliminating mechanical position or speed sensor attractions for A synchronous motor (IM) adjustable speed drives. This results in lower maintenance, cost reduction and improved drive system reliability. Based on measured stator voltages and currents at motor terminals, the rotor mechanical speed is estimated to eliminate the speed sensor. This paper presents a seven-phase asynchronous motor Extended Kalman Filter System speed observer to improve the drive reliability of a seven-phase IM drive sensorless Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC). The proposed scheme is simulation using the Matlab/Simulink package and evaluated experimentally. The proposed drive system provides good performance under various operating conditions.

Detailed Dynamic Modeling, Control, and Analysis of a Grid-Connected Variable Speed SCIG Wind Energy Conversion System

Wind energy as a renewable energy source continues to be a better alternative to fossil-fuel based generation due to its low cost and environmental benefits. While considerable research efforts have been focused on modeling and control of grid connected variable speed squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) wind energy conversion systems (WECS), comprehensive models for grid integration studies have been almost non-existent. This paper presents the detail modeling, control and analysis of a grid-connected 2.25-MW variable speed SCIG based WECS that can be utilized for grid integration studies. The presented WECS model consists of a pitch regulated wind turbine connected to a SCIG through a gear box. Then, a full-capacity power electronic converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), dc bus voltage regulation and power factor correction, connects the SCIG to the grid. The power converter system comprises of back to back two-level voltage source converters linked through a dc-link capacitor. The generator and grid-side converters are controlled using indirect rotor field-oriented control (IR-FOC) and voltage-oriented control (VOC) respectively. The overall system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink for a varying wind speed. Results show that the presented model is adequate and efficient in the representation of a variable speed SCIG WECS. In addition, the model meets all of the system performance objectives while simultaneously meeting all of the control objectives.

Linear and Nonlinear Controllers of a Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System

This paper provided a comparative study between linear and nonlinear controllers of a solar photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system using an induction motor and a centrifugal pump. For linear controller, classical Perturb and Observe was selected to ensure the operation of the PV system at the maximum power point (MPP) and is combined with Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) based on a conventional proportional integral speed regulator chosen to control and to optimize the rotor speed. In second and third controllers, Backstepping and first order sliding mode controls were proposed for controlling the whole system. To regulate and optimize rotor speed in the nonlinear controller, all considered control techniques were combined with IRFOC in order to establish easy control laws. In addition, MPP was tracked by acting on the DC-DC converter and using its mathematical model for developing control laws. Maximum delivered power was used as reference signal for optimizing actual rotor speed. The controlled system is operated without mechanical sensors. Estimators of rotor speed and load torque disturbances were proposed based on the mathematical model of induction motor and centrifugal pump and using only available output measurements. Induction motor was supplied by a voltage source inverter controlled using a PWM technique. Stability based on Lyapunov functions of the closed-loop system was evaluated. Simulation results were investigated and reveal some very interesting features and the effectiveness of the nonlinear proposed strategies.

Time Delay Estimation Based Discrete-Time Super-Twisting Current Control for a Six-Phase Induction Motor

This article tackles the problem of high-accurate tracking of the stator currents of a six-phase induction motor in the presence of unknown dynamics such as unmeasurable rotor currents, parameter variation, and disturbances. Since the good features offered by sliding mode theory motivate the community of researchers on control, a time delay estimation based discrete-time super-twisting controller is proposed. First of all, an outer loop is carried out to regulate the speed and to generate the desired stator currents. Second, the inner loop, based on an indirect rotor field-oriented control, is executed based on the developed approach. The structure of the proposed method allows a precise approximation of the unknown dynamics and an accurate tracking and a fast convergence of the tracking error to a neighbor of zero. The design procedure and the stability analysis are detailed for the stator currents closed-loop system. Experimental tests have been performed on a six-phase induction motor to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed discrete approach. In addition, the performances obtained are compared to the ones obtained using the discrete-time sliding mode with time delay estimation. The results obtained highlighted the satisfactory stator currents tracking performance in transient conditions and steady state and under different sampling times, parameters mismatch, and load and no-load conditions.

Sensorless Maximum Power Control of a Stand-Alone Squirrel-Cage Induction Generator Driven by a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine

For the cost-effectiveness of variable-speed wind energy conversion systems (WECSs), it is extremely important to extract the maximum available power at different wind speeds within the normal operating range. Furthermore, reduction of the electric generator losses additionally contributes to the efficiency of the WECS, whereas reduction of the number of sensors is beneficial in terms of reliability and cost. This paper presents sensorless control of a stand-alone WECS comprising a squirrel-cage induction generator (IG) and a battery system. An indirect rotor-field-oriented control (IRFOC) algorithm including stray load and iron losses and online tuning of IG’s equivalent resistances and magnetising inductance is adopted for IG control to achieve high level of agreement with the actual machine. Fuzzy-logic-based optimisations of the wind turbine (WT) and IG are implemented to maximise the IG output power. The IG speed, which is required by the IRFOC algorithm, is estimated by using a model-reference-adaptive-system. The estimated IG speed is also utilised for online WT optimisation in combination with the IG torque obtained from the IRFOC equations. The performance of the proposed control strategy has been experimentally evaluated and compared with two competing sensorless control strategies for two 1.5 kW IGs of different efficiency class.

Linear and nonlinear controllers of a solar photovoltaic water pumping system

This paper provided a comparative study between linear and nonlinear controllers of a solar photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system using an induction motor and a centrifugal pump. For linear controller, classical Perturb and Observe was selected to ensure the operation of the PV system at the maximum power point (MPP) and is combined with Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) based on a conventional proportional integral speed regulator chosen to control and to optimize the rotor speed. In second and third controllers, Backstepping and first order sliding mode controls were proposed for controlling the whole system. To regulate and optimize rotor speed in the nonlinear controller, all considered control techniques were combined with IRFOC in order to establish easy control laws. In addition, MPP was tracked by acting on the DC-DC converter and using its mathematical model for developing control laws. Maximum delivered power was used as reference signal for optimizing actual rotor speed. The controlled system is operated without mechanical sensors. Estimators of rotor speed and load torque were proposed based on the mathematical model of induction motor and centrifugal pump and using only available output measurements.. Simulation results were investigated and the effectiveness of the nonlinear proposed strategies.

IRFOC of Induction Motor Drives Under Open-Phase Fault Using Balanced and Unbalanced Transformation Matrices

In this article, a vector control strategy based on indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC) for star-connected three-phase induction motor (SCTPIM) drives under open-phase fault (OPF) using balanced and unbalanced transformation matrices (TMs) is proposed. Most of the current works studying SCTPIM drives under this type of fault are based on using two unbalanced TMs and ignore the leakage inductance in the FOC equations. This article studies a novel control strategy, considering the leakage inductance in the FOC equations of an SCTPIM drive under OPF. It is shown that using an unbalanced TM for stator current components and the conventional balanced TM for stator voltage components, it is possible to control an SCTPIM under OPF using a modified IRFOC system. The proposed vector control scheme is simulated and implemented using MATLAB/M-File software and DSP/TMS320F28335 controller board for a 0.75 kW SCTPIM drive system. Results show that the introduced IRFOC technique can satisfactorily control the SCTPIM under OPF condition.

Open gate fault diagnosis and tolerant for voltage source inverter fed speed sensorless induction motor drive

ABSTRACT This paper presents an effective fault diagnostic and tolerant method for an open-gate fault of a three-phase inverter. The induction motor (IM) drive system is controlled by a speed sensorless indirect rotor field-oriented control (IRFOC). The proposed diagnostic method requires low computation to detect open-gate faults. This method uses a simple direct current technique based on the measured motor currents to detect faulty switch. The fault-tolerant scheme is based on changing the inverter topology from six to four switches to ensure proper operation. In the faulty case, the fault-tolerant technique disconnects the motor phase terminal from the faulty arm of the inverter and connects it to the midpoint of the DC-link via an external switch. The performance of the IM drive is investigated and analysed under normal, faulty and post-fault operations through simulation and experiment. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the fault diagnostic and tolerant method for retaining almost the normal performance of the IM drive system.

DSPACE Implementation of Improved Indirect Rotor Field-Oriented Control of Asynchronous Motor using Fuzzy Self-Adjustable Proportional Integral Controller for Electric Vehicle Applications

This paper deals with the indirect rotor field-oriented control of asynchronous motor whose speed is controlled by a fuzzy self-adjustable proportional integral controller. This motor drive is used to propel an electric vehicle. The designing and the implementing of the fuzzy self-adjustable proportional integral controller are presented. This controller is proposed as a solution to compensate for the effect of the machine parameters variation and the external conditions. The characteristic of this controller is its capacity to adapt in real time its gains in order to reject the machine parameters disturbances. A series of measurements has been achieved to prove the performances of the improved drive using the proposed controller. Experimental results showed the high-speed tracking and the rejection disturbances capacity of the fuzzy self-adjustable proportional integral controller.

Adaptive Fuzzy-Based IRFOC of Speed Sensorless Six-Phase Induction Motor Drive System

In recent times, instead of three-phase induction motors (IM), multi-phase motors have been used in several applications, due to numerous advantages that they offer. Elimination of mechanical position or speed sensors allures for adjustable speed drives of IM. It leads to cost reduction, lesser maintenance and increased reliability of the motor drive. To eliminate the speed sensor, the rotor speed is estimated from measured stator currents and voltages at motor terminals. This paper proposes a scheme based on speed estimation method using Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) in conjunction with Adaptive Fuzzy Knowledge Based Controller (AFKBC) to improve the performance of a sensorless Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) of six-phase IM drive. AFKBC allows to operate at various operating conditions. A fitness function is defined for Queen Bee-based Genetic Algorithm (QBGA) to tune the scaling factor of AFKBC which improves the transient and steady state performances. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by simulation on Matlab/Simulink package. The results of the proposed scheme are compared with conventional PI-based speed controller of the drive system. The proposed controller scheme improves the performance of the drive system at various operating conditions. The estimated speed algorithm gives good correlation between estimated and actual motor speed. The simulation results also illustrate that proposed scheme is robust and suitable for high performances six-phase IM drive.