Indigestible Foreign Bodies Research Articles

Study on Indigestible Foreign Body in Rumen and Reticulum of Cattle Slaughtered at Bahir Dar Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to April, 2017 at Bahirdar municipal abattoir, Amhara National Regional State, to determine the prevalence of rumen and reticulum foreign bodies and to identify types of foreign bodies and associated risk factors for the occurrences of foreign bodies. The study animals were selected by using simple random sampling method from the total slaughtered animals. From the total of 384 examined cattle, 78 (20.3%) were found positive for the occurrence of indigestible foreign bodies in rumen and reticulum. Prevalence of foreign body occurrence recorded in young (<5 years) 10 (11.23), adult (5-10 years) 34 (15.38%) and in old (>10 years) 34 (45.95%) respectively while the prevalence rate recorded in poor, medium and good cattle were 33 (35.48%), 29 (22.3%) and 16 (9.93%). The types of foreign bodies encountered in rumen and reticulum were plastic, nails, wires, hair ball, clothes and key. Out of 78 positive cases of foreign body, 51 (13.5%) were occurred in rumen, 21 (5.5%) in reticulum and 6 (1.5%) were encountered in both rumen and reticulum. Among the considered risk factors, age, stomach compartment and body condition score of the examined animals found highly significantly associated (p<0.05) with the occurrence of foreign bodies. The prevalence of rumen and reticulum foreign bodies was lower in local breed cattle 57 (19.38%) than that of the cross breeds 21 (23.3%). It was not stastically significant (p=0.999) between local and cross breed. In general, detection of the foreign bodies in rumen and reticulum causes loss of production and high mortality rate as well it has also impact on animal welfare. Hence, appropriate solid waste disposal system need to be implemented in the study area to prevent health risk of ruminants and environment.

Effect of ruminal plastic bags on haematological and biochemical parameters of sheep and goats

A study was carried out with the objective of determining the haematological and blood biochemical parameters in sheep and goats with plastic bags in the rumen for a period of 42 days. This was to indicate the possible influence of plastic bags in the rumen on blood parameters. 16, one-year old castrate Dorper sheep with a mean body weight of 26.8 kg (± 0.3 kg) and 16 one-year old castrate small East African goats with a mean weight of 24.5 kg (± 0.3 kg) were used for the study. The 16 sheep and 16 goats were divided into 4 groups of 4 animals each (n = 4). Three groups of each species were implanted with 129 g, 258 g and 387 g of plastic bags, respectively, in the rumen through rumenotomy and the fourth group of each species was control on which rumenotomy was done but with no implanting of plastic bags. Blood samples were obtained by jugular venipuncture from all sheep and goats every 2 weeks for analysis. The only haematological parameter that had significant change was platelets, which significantly ( p < 0.05) increased in both sheep and goats with plastic bags in the rumen. However, mean values of erythrocytes, packed cell volume, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume decreased but not significantly in the sheep and goats with plastic bags in the rumen. The sheep and goats with plastic bags in the rumen had hyponatraemmia, hypochloridaemia and decreased aspartate aminotransferase enzyme activity. The changes observed in haematological and biochemical parameters could be an indication of adverse effects on the production and well-being of sheep and goats that ingest these plastic bags. These finding may be of diagnostic importance in cases of rumen impaction with indigestible foreign bodies, particularly, plastic bags.

Report of Outbreak of Ruminal Impaction Due to Indigestible Foreign Bodies in Sheep, in Northwest of Iran

Report of Outbreak of Ruminal Impaction Due to Indigestible Foreign Bodies in Sheep, in Northwest of Iran

Survey on indigestible foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum of cattle slaughtered at Nekemte municipal abattoir, Nekemte, Ethiopia

A cross sectional study was conducted on cattle slaughtered at Nekemte Municipal Abattoir, Nekemte, East Wollega, Ethiopia from November 2015 to April 2016. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and to identify the type of indigestible foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum of slaughtered cattle in association with the hypothetical risk factors. Each compartments of stomach was opened carefully and thorough visual inspection was made for the presence of indigestible foreign bodies. Of the 384 randomly selected cattle, overall foreign body detection was recorded in rumen and reticulum of 67(17.5%) the cattle examined. There was a higher prevalence of rumen and reticulum foreign bodies in female (25.4%) than in male cattle (15.4%) (χ2=3.99, p < 0.05). From the three age groups examined, the prevalence was higher (23.4%) in animals in the old age group than the younger (20.4%) and adult groups (12%) (χ2= 7.9096; p<0.05). Foreign bodies collected were of different types including plastic (31.34%), clothes (21.4%), calcified bodies (4.5%) and wires (4.5%). Foreign bodies weighing ≥300 grams were recorded in greater percentage 21(21.8%) in animals with poor body condition than those with medium 17(8.3%) and good 6(7%) body condition. This study revealed ingestion of different types of indigestible foreign bodies by cattle in the study area posing serious health problem for free grazing cattle. Hence, designing and implementation of appropriate solid waste disposal and management practice is strongly recommended to reduce the risk of ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies by cattle.Keywords: Abattoir; Cattle; Foreign body; Nekemte; Reticulum; Rumen

Occurrences of Indigestible Foreign Bodies in Cattle Slaughtered at Morogoro Municipal Slaughterhouse, Tanzania.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the occurrence of indigestible foreign bodies (IFB) in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro Municipal Slaughterhouse, Tanzania. A total of 387 slaughter cattle were examined for presence of IFB. Out of 387 examined cattle, 93 (24.03%) had IFB in their forestomachs. The observed IFB were plastic bags, fruit seeds, clothing materials, ropes, hairballs, leather materials, stones, metallic nails, and wire. Plastic bags were the most frequently (50.5%) observed IFB followed by fruit seeds (18.3%). A significantly (p < 0.05) high proportion of old animals (31.7%) had IFB compared to the young animals (21.2%). Similarly, the frequency of occurrence of IFB was significantly high (p < 0.05) in crossbred dairy cattle (42.3%) compared to local breeds (22.7%). Cattle that appeared with poor body condition (37.8%) were found to be more affected (p < 0.05) by IFB than those with good body condition (15.9%). In 91.4% of animals which had IFB, all the materials were located in the rumen. This study showed that presence of IFB is a common problem in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro Municipal Slaughterhouse and may significantly cause poor production and mortality in affected animals. Therefore, appropriate solid waste disposal should be implemented.

Postmortem Study on Indigestible Foreign Bodies in Rumen and Reticulum of Ruminants Slaughtered at Asella Municipal Abattoir, Southeastern Ethiopia

Background: Ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies by ruminants is becoming a common worldwide problem which is the associated with a shortage of feed as well as increased pollution of grazing lands with indigestible materials. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017 on 500 ruminants slaughtered at Asella municipal abattoir with the objective to determine the prevalence and type of indigestible foreign body in rumen and reticulum of ruminants in association with hypothetical risk factors. Simple random sampling technique was used for selecting the study animals which were ruminants brought from various localities to Asella municipal abattoir. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of risk factors with occurrence of for foreign body. Results: Out of 500 ruminant examined (sheep 240, goats 60 and cattle 200) examined for the presence of indigestible foreign bodies, 109 (21.8%) animals were found positive for one or more indigestible foreign bodies in their rumen or reticulum. The prevalence of foreign bodies was significantly (p=0.000) higher in sheep (29.6%) (OR=2.581, CI=1.587, 4.196) and goat (16.7%) (OR=1.229, CI=0.559, 2.701) than cattle (14%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of foreign body ingestion was insignificantly higher in sheep than goats (OR=2.074, CI, 0.958, 4.486; p=0.064), in female shoat than male (OR=1.137, CI=0.558, 2.317, p=0.723). Significantly highest prevalence was observed in shoat greater than 3 years than shoat less than 2 years (OR=2.564, CI=1.160, 5.670, p=0. 031), in thin body conditioned small ruminants than good body conditioned (OR=3.361, CI=1.554, 9.100, p=0.002), in cattle above 7 years than cattle below 4 years (OR=7.57, CI=2.018, 28.445, p=0.000), in thin body conditioned cattle than good body conditioned (OR=10.347, CI=1.769, 60.520, p=0.013). Plastic was the most commonly encountered (56.9%) foreign material in all study animals, followed by cloth (13.8%), rope and mixed (9.2%), wire (6.4%) and nail (5.5%). In all species the proportion of indigestible foreign body in rumen (77.1%) were significantly higher than reticulum (22.9%) (OR=3.8365, CI=2.4086, 6.1111, p=0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed ingestion of different types of indigestible foreign bodies by ruminants in the study area which may pose serious health problem for free grazing ruminant and negatively affect their overall productivity and production. This strongly calls for concerned stakeholders to design and implement appropriate waste disposal practice and thereby reduces the chance of ingesting foreign bodies.

Prevalence of Indigestible Foreign Bodies in the Rumen of Cattle Slaughtered at Gwagwalada Abattoir, Abuja, Nigeria

Prevalence of Indigestible Foreign Bodies in the Rumen of Cattle Slaughtered at Gwagwalada Abattoir, Abuja, Nigeria

Investigations of foreign bodies in the fore-stomach of cattle at Ngoma Slaughterhouse, Rwanda.

Ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies in cattle is a pathological condition of both economic and health importance. It is has mostly been reported in association with feed scarcity. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and nature of indigestible foreign materials in abattoir fore-stomach specimens in Ngoma district, Rwanda. Each chamber was opened by incision, then given a thorough macroscopic examination by visual inspection and palpation for the presence of foreign materials. The results show that there is an overall occurrence of 17.4% foreign bodies in cattle. The highest occurrence (25.3%) was recorded in June (the driest month). Results further show that the majority of the foreign bodies were plastics (65.0%). More foreign bodies (29.5%) were found in older animals (5 years and above) than in younger and middle-aged animals (16.5 % and 6.0%, respectively). There was a higher prevalence of foreign bodies in female cattle (20.0%) than in males (15.7%). The presence of cassette tape, as observed in the study, has not been reported elsewhere. The high representation of plastics in animals (65.5%) in the light of a government plastic bag ban in supermarkets presents a major challenge to livestock production in Rwanda. What is disturbing is that it is not known if this problem is increasing or decreasing as there are no previous studies for comparison. However, the results will serve as a reference point for future studies to understand the true trend and true burden of plastic bags in livestock.

A postmortem study on indigestible foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum of ruminants, eastern Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats) slaughtered at Haramaya University and Haramaya municipal abattoirs from November 2013 to April 2014 in Haramaya, eastern Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify types and estimate the prevalence of foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum of domestic ruminants in the area. From 810 randomly selected study animals, 422 (52.1%) were found to have foreign bodies. Of the 332 cattle, 193 sheep and 285 goats examined, 144 (43.4%), 109 (56.5%) and 169 (59.3%) respectively were found with various types of foreign bodies. The prevalence of foreign bodies was significantly (χ2 = 17.53, p < 0.05) higher in sheep (59.3%) and goats (56.7%) than in cattle (43.4%). Overall the prevalence of foreign bodies in study animals with poor body condition was significantly higher (χ2 = 38.57, p < 0.05) than in those with medium and good body condition. A higher percentage of foreign bodies occurred in the rumen alone (87.9%) than in the reticulum alone (5.0%), with the rest present in both. Significantly higher proportions of foreign bodies were observed in the rumen of cattle (χ2 = 332, p < 0.05), sheep (χ2 = 193, p < 0.05) and goats (χ2 = 285.0, p = 0.000) than in the reticulum. Plastic was the most commonly encountered (79.2%) foreign body, followed by cloth (15.3%) and rope (12.3%). In addition, metal (0.9%) and calcified material and/or stone (1.0%) were found in the reticulum of cattle. Lack of a plastic waste disposal system in the area as well as communal/free grazing of livestock in highly waste-polluted areas seemed to be major factors in the high occurrence of foreign bodies in ruminants. To change this, collaborative intervention schemes involving professionals, policy makers, livestock keepers and environmental activists are needed.

Ingestion of indigestible foreign materials by free grazing ruminants in Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Ruminants slaughtered in Bahir-Dar, northern Ethiopia, were studied to estimate the prevalence and types of foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum. Of the 400 cattle, 320 sheep, and 320 goats examined between November 2011 and May 2012, 41.8, 20.6 and 11.9%, respectively, contained one or more types of foreign bodies. The prevalence of foreign bodies was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (i) in cattle than in sheep and goats, (ii) in cattle in poor body condition than those in good condition, and (iii) in the rumen than in the reticulum. The most commonly encountered materials were plastics, which resulted from the widespread use of plastic bags and improper waste disposal. Other materials found were cloth, rope, metal, and leather. The study demonstrated that ruminants in the area are ingesting various types of indigestible foreign bodies, which can hamper their health and productivity. To avert the problem, collaborative intervention schemes need to be applied involving professionals, policy makers, livestock keepers, and environmental activists.

Ruminal Impaction Due to Indigestible Foreign Bodies in a Cow and Its Surgical Management

A seven year old cow was presented with the history of chronic recurrent tympany for last 3 months. Entangled materials were palpated inside the rumen while recording the ruminal motility by pressed fist on left paralumbar fossa. Rumenotomy was conducted. Around 30 kg of foreign materials were removed and the animal recovered uneventfully.

Occurrence of rumen foreign bodies in sheep and goats slaughtered at the Addis Ababa municipality abattoir.

A preliminary work was conducted to assess the prevalence of rumen foreign body and identify the type of foreign bodies in small ruminants slaughtered at the Addis Ababa municipality abattoir from November to March 2008. A total of 697 sheep and goats rumen was examined for the presence of indigestible foreign bodies. Of the total animals examined sheep and goats accounted for 311 (44.6%) and 386 (55.4%), respectively. The overall prevalence of rumen foreign bodies were found to be 23.2% (n= 162). Of these 86 (53.1%) were sheep and 76 (46%) were goats. The study revealed a higher presentation of females 116 (71.6%) than males 46 (28.4%) of both species. Plastic bags were recovered as the most common foreign bodies. Other foreign bodies retrieved were leather 30 (4.3%), rope 3 (0.4%), hair ball 2 (0.3%), and paper 2 (0.3). The weight of the foreign bodies removed was from 100 to 2000 gram. Sex and age were found to have a significantly higher (p Keywords: Abattoir, Rumen foreign bodies, sheep and goats

Rumen impaction in sheep with indigestible foreign bodies in the semi-arid region of Nigeria

Rumen impaction in sheep with indigestible foreign bodies (IFB) was studied in Maiduguri, a town in the semi-arid region of Nigeria. Twenty-seven refuse dumps around the town were visited by 405 sheep consisting of Yankasa (40.3%), Uda (26.4%) and cross (33.3%) breeds. Rumen IFB were found in 19.3% of the 540 sheep slaughtered at the Maiduguri abattoir. A greater proportion of Yankasa (25.3%) had rumen IFB than Uda (14.5%) and cross (14.6%) breeds. More females (28.3%) were affected than males (8.5%). The IFB were polythene/cellophane materials, ropes, dry seeds, caked sand, metallic objects, paper, fiber and hair balls. The polythene/cellophane materials occurred in 81.6% of the sheep. The other types of IFB occurred in 7.4–47.1% of the sheep, usually impacted with or without polythene/cellophane. Clinical rumen IFB impaction was characterized by emaciation, abdominal distension and asymmetry, lack of feces in the rectum, foamy salivation, recumbency and inappetence. Hyperglycaemia, alkalosis, hyponatraemia, hypochloridaemia, hypocalcaemia, hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia occurred in some of the clinical cases. It was concluded that the rumen impaction with IFB was related to the sheep scavenging on refuse dumps and that the blood biochemical changes, along with the clinical signs, might be of some diagnostic assistance.

Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract by an unusual foreign body; a porcupine quill; report of two cases.

SHARP, indigestible foreign bodies are not infrequently swallowed, and yet consequent perforation of the gastrointestinal tract is rare.1 Macmanus2 analyzed 95 cases of perforation by sharp objects of great variety. He found that 73 per cent of perforations occurred in and around the ileocecal region and that the clinical features of perforation are most frequently manifest in four ways: an early localized peritonitis; an indurated, inflammatory tumor; an abscess; and general peritonitis. Snodgrass3 has emphasized the frequency with which a person is exposed to the hazards of a toothpick, particularly one using artificial dentures, which cover ordinarily protective sensory areas. . . .

PERFORATION OF DUODENUM BY INGESTED FOREIGN BODY&lt;subtitle&gt;Symptoms Suggesting Disease of the Hip&lt;/subtitle&gt;

In most instances in which indigestible foreign bodies are swallowed, the objects will pass uneventfully through the entire intestinal tract of either children or adults. The possibility of ulcerative penetration by sharp, elongated or pointed objects in the intestinal tract, however, necessitates careful and continued observation in every case. So long as the intruder keeps moving downward, there is little danger. The occurrence of perforation of the intestine from ingested foreign bodies is not common. In a series of 800 cases reported from the Boston City Hospital, perforation occurred in only 1 per cent.¹Not a single instance of perforation occurred in a group of 41 children of pediatric age who had swallowed foreign bodies of different types, and in every child the object was passed spontaneously.²It has been concluded from another series of 386 cases that 90 per cent of swallowed foreign bodies will pass spontaneously.