Indigenous System Of Medicine Research Articles

Pharmacognostical Study of Root Bark of <I>Erythrina indica</I> Lam. Paribhadra

Paribhadra, one of the reputed drugs of the indigenous system of medicine, is equated with Erythrina indica Lamk. Syn. E. variegata Linn. var. orientalis Linn., Family Fabaceae. Some other species of Erythrina viz. E. suberosa Roxb. and E. stricta Roxb., have also been mentioned as 'Paribhadra in different text books on Indian Medicine and are used as substitutes for the genuine drug, Erythrina indica.The pharmacognostical study is made of the root and root bark of E. indica Lamk., as based on material collected from authentic specimens and covers macro- and microscopical characters highlighting the diagnostic features, micro-chemical tests, examination of the powdered drug and preliminary phytochemical investigation.

Pharmacognostic Studies on the Genus <I>Solanum</I> Linn. Part I

The pharmacognostic anatomical studies on the high solasodine yielding berries of Solanum viarum Dunal, S. elaeagnifolium Cav. and also the leaves of S. trilobatum Linn., S. nigrum Linn. root, of S. trilobatum Linn. which are used in the indigenous system of medicine are presented.

Pharmacognostic Studies on the Leaf of <i>Calotropis gigantea</i> R. Br. Ex Ait.

The macroscopic and microscopic characters of the leaf of Calotropis gigantea R. Br. ex Ait. which is used in the indigenous system of medicine are described. Three layers of closely packed palisade cells, multicellular thin walled trichomes and presence of half stomata in the lower epidermis besides the rubiaceous type of stomata, absence of tannin and presence of fats and oils are the chief diagnostic characters.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable lung disease. It is characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to abnormalities of the airways caused by continuous exposure to noxious particles or gases. COPD occupies the third position for the cause of death worldwide. The major risk factor for the development of COPD is tobacco smoking. The inhalation of toxic particles, biomass exposure and outdoor air pollution along with other host factors including abnormal lung development and accelerated lung aging can also contribute. Spirometry characterized by non-fully reversible airflow limitation i.e., FEV1/FVC < 0.7 post bronchodilation, confirms the diagnosis of COPD. The major goals of management are to reduce risk factors, manage stable COPD, prevent and treat acute exacerbations, and manage associated illnesses. The conservative management comprising of antibiotics, inhaled corticosteroids, mucolytics etc. offer promising results in this condition. But tachycardia, glossitis, glaucoma, nausea are some of the common adverse reactions noticed on chronic use of these group of drugs. The contemporary health scenario demands more contribution in this regard from the indigenous system of medicine. In Āyurvedic view, COPD can be considered under the spectrum of Prāṇavaha srotodushti vikaras. The clinical features and etiology mentioned for diseases mentioned in Ayurveda such as Kāsa, Tamaka śvāsa, Rajayakshma etc has similarity with that of COPD. Though COPD cannot be correlated to any single condition of Prāṇavaha sroto duṣti, Tamaka śvāsa can be considered as includes most of the clinical features including cough. When the etiological factors favour, the vitiated and aggravated Kapha dosha blocks the channels of Prāna and Udāna vāta causing the onset and symptoms of the disease.

Vaidyaratna Captain G. Srinivasa Murthy: A legend who revived Indian Medicine

Abstract Captain Dr. G. Srinivasa Murthy, born in 1887, was a multifaceted personality with a strong background in both Allopathic and Indian systems of medicine. He played a significant role in the recognition and encouragement of indigenous systems of medicine. Dr. Murthy was a member of the Usman Committee formed to report on how the indigenous systems of medicine could be best developed. He produced a report, “The Science & the Art of Indian Medicine,” for the committee as his magnum opus. He founded the School of Indian Medicine in 1925 and developed an integral system combining Ayurveda and Allopathy. He was the founder president of the Indian Medical Practitioners Co-operative Pharmacy & Stores. His unselfishness and passion inspired the younger generation in the field of Indian medicine. Dr. V Narayana Swamy, a disciple of Murthy, founded the Captain Srinivasa Murthy Research Institute in 1963, which later became part of the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences.

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF DRUG: DARUHARIDRA (BERBERIS ARISTATA DC.)

Ayurveda is an ancient life science that came 5000 years ago and is known as ‘the Mother of all healings’. Knowledge of Ayurveda enables one to understand how to create balance in one’s physical body, mind and consciousness. The Ayurvedic system of medicine has been prevalent in India since the Vedic period and as early as the dawn of human civilization. In Dravyaguna, all the Aushadhadravya (medicinal herbs) are mentioned that act on the body based on their rasa (taste), guna (property), veerya (potency), vipaaka (post-digestive effect) and prabhava (specific property). It includes knowledge of different Aushadhadravya (herbal plants), which could heal different ailments with their pharmacological actions. Crude drugs are the starting raw materials for manufacturing herbal medicines in all indigenous systems of medicine. Daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC.) is one such popular Aushadhadravya (herbal drug) in Ayurvedic literature, and it has been used globally for its aushadha karma (therapeutic properties). It has been mentioned in Vedas, and Brihattari later described it in Nighantus (glossaries of Ayurveda). It has different varieties. It is mainly used in Netraroga (eye disorders), Pandu (anaemia), Kushtha (skin disorders), Mutrakruccha (urinary disorders), Pratishyaya (cold), and Prameha (diabetes). Clinical and experimental studies show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. This article deals with different aspects of Daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC.) and the contribution of different Acharyas towards it.

Effect of Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A. DC. aerial parts on some non-communicable diseases: in vitro study and HPLC-QTOF/MS-MS analysis

Carissa species are evergreen plants that have long been employed in treating different diseases by traditional healers in many cultures. Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A. DC. known as Natal plum is characterized by bright red, edible, plum-shaped fruit that tastes like cranberries. The pharmacological studies on Carissa species validated its use in indigenous medicine systems. The evidence-based modulatory potential of C. macrocarpa aerial parts (leaves and stems) on non-communicable diseases and hepato-protective activity is herein evaluated via testing its in vitro activity against key enzymes for metabolic disorders and support it with phytochemical study to identify the key metabolites responsible for the claimed activities. Potent antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays) and anti-inflammatory (iNOS, COX-1 and COX-2) potentials were observed along with significant inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase anti-diabetic enzymes. In addition, the hepato-protective activity (Annexin V apoptosis detection and evaluation of telomerase reverse transcriptase TERT) beside its beneficial effect on the neuropharmacological parameters (acetylcholinesterase and β-amyloid) were also proved. The HPLC-QTOF/MS-MS analysis allowed the identification of 10 fatty acids, 6 phenolics, 6 flavonoids, 4 triterpenoid saponins, and 3 miscellaneous metabolites. These findings support the notion that C. macrocarpa is a medicinal plant with multifactorial therapeutic potentials against some non-communicable diseases. Furthermore, this study supports the claim of traditional healers that Carissa species are promising hepato-protective and anti-diabetic medicines.

A Systematic Analysis of COVID-19 Clinical Trials Registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of India.

The Clinical Trials Registry - India (CTRI) database is a registry of various trials conducted in India and this study scrutinized the studies registered for COVID-19 from the database to detect patterns in trial design, appraising the target regions of therapiesand comprehending the terrain of research endeavors. This was a cross-sectional study that analyzed the registered trials for COVID-19 between March 2020 and September 2023. A trial search was conducted on the CTRI database to include all types of studies registered for COVID-19 with keywords like "COVID" and "coronavirus" and studies conducted on conditions other than COVID-19 were excluded. The data regarding study characteristics were noted under various sections in a preformed proforma. A total of 807 trials were taken for final analysis and there were about 344 prospective and 260 retrospective interventional trials, 35 prospective and 165 retrospective observational studies, and two prospective and one retrospective post-marketing surveillance study. The majority of the studies had duration under 12 months (91%). The maximum number of studies were registered from AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) and allied therapies (n = 283), with about 104 types of interventions, followed by the drug category having 119 trials registered and about 57 types of interventions. Kabasura Kudineer and yoga in the AYUSH category, molnupiravir, colchicine, and favipiravir in the drug category, and tocilizumaband convalescent plasma among biologics were some common interventions used. The majority of trials did not mention the trial phase and declared it as not applicable (54%), whereas 15% were registered as phase 2 and 13% as phase 3. About 54% of the studies were randomized and randomized parallel-group design (20%) was the most common study design. Only 6% of the trials were post-graduate thesis and the majority of the trials (n = 535) denied sharing their individual participant data. Only 0.86% and 0.61% of the trials were terminated and suspended, respectively, denoting proper design and conduct of the trials. In the CTRI database, the majority of trials were prospective interventional studies, with a predominance of AYUSH therapies and drug interventions. Common interventions included Kabasura Kudineer and yoga in AYUSH, and molnupiravir, colchicine, and favipiravir in drugs. Most studies had durations under 12 months and randomized parallel-group design was the most common study design. The intention to use and promote an indigenous system of medicine looks promising in the absence of any definite therapy. A minute number of registered suspended and terminated trials might bea positive picture of meticulously designed and executed trials even during a pandemic situation in India.

Valeriana jatamansi: Bioactive Compounds and their Medicinal Uses.

Valeriana jatamansi is a reputed perennial medicinal herb distributed throughout the world, where it is used in cytotoxicity, neuronal problems, insomnia, leishmania and acetylcho-linesterase inhibitor, antioxidant, antiviral and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. This review de-scribes the current state of chemical characterization of isolated metabolites, which are well ac-cepted for the treatment of various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. This compre-hensive review covers previously published research articles and reviews up to 2023 with an em-phasis on the structural characterization of isolated bioactive compounds using different analyti-cal techniques. Furthermore, the present review also focuses on the detailed medicinal and phar-macological properties of isolated compounds from this threatened herb.

Importance of the Conservation of Natural Forests in Protecting Red Listed Medicinal Plant Terminalia arjuna in the Perspective of Indigenous System of Medicine

Sri Lanka the country which is rich in natural resources has a percentage of 29.9 (1,933,000 ha) covered by forest. In present the forests are being destroyed due to various reasons. Increased population leads to increased constructions and urbanization are some reasons of forest destructions. Indigenous system of medicine explains on the importance of various natural resources which are highly effective in treating multiple ailments especially, describes on many herbal plants. The study aims on the importance of red listed plant Terminalia arjuna which is being an extinct plant due to forest destruction. A systematic literature review has been carried out to gather information from Unani and Ayurveda classical texts, Pharmacopeias, ethno-botanical literatures, scientific journals, and web. Unauthentic articles and articles which did not match the theme and eligibility criteria were excluded. 39 articles were finally included for the study. The key words used in searching were T. arjuna, forest conservation, natural resources, red list plants in Sri Lanka, Indigenous medicine and therapeutic effects. Results revealed that T. arjuna belongs to the family Combretacea which is widely spread in mixed dry deciduous tropical forests of Sri Lanka. Various parts of this plant (specially the stem-bark) are very effective in treating cardiovascular complications such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, anginal pain and congestive heart failure. This plant contains tannin, the cardiac glycoside possessed from the bark and fruit is known to be an excellent cardiac tonic which is potent in strengthening the cardiac muscles, in improving the blood circulation of coronary artery and prevents the heart muscle from ischemic damage. Therefore, this study focuses on the importance of the conservation of forests and natural resources which are being helpful in the system of Indigenous medicine in various ways. 
 Keywords: Natural resources, Forest, Indigenous medicine, Terminalia arjuna, Cardiac tonic

Ethno Botanical Survey of Medicinal Plants at Ayurveda Base Hospital North Matale, Sri Lanka-2021

Indigenous medicinal systems contribute to the preservation of the health of nations by using the resources of medicinal plants and numerous medicinal plants have many therapeutic effects and cure diseases. The study aimed to explore the therapeutic potentials of medicinal plants identified and documented indigenous uses of medicinal plants at T.B.Tennakoon Memorial Ayurveda Base Hospital and Study Center, North Matale, Sri Lanka. The study was followed over six months from March 2021 to September. Authorization was granted by the MOIC hospital and during this period the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants were classified among the plants studied. An investigation conducted through direct observation in the field, discussion, and via quessionaire. Collected plant samples and images of plants, herbarium leaves, and botanical plaques, were identified by healers in hospitals and old mounds in the region, and information gathered on medicinal plants was recorded and documented. A total of 130 medicinal plants belonging to 47 families have been identified in the region. Microsoft Excel 2013 version 15.04 was used for data analysis. The most common medicinal plant families are Fabaceae (19%), other more identified medicinal plants are Euphorbiaceae (15%), Rutaceae (10%), and Santalaceae (1%). Some rare medicinal plants have also been reported. According to this study, this area contains rich green floristic diversity, and the plants have grown well in the regional climatic conditions and the natives have used the plants for multiple purposes. Therefore, these medicinal plants are used for various diseases such as Loco-motor disorders, urinary disorders, circulatory disorders, respiratory disorders, nervous disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, skin disorders, gynecological disorders, hormonal disorders, and poisonous bites. These plants, which are used in various diseases and have different therapeutic potentials, are freely harvested in this hospitable region and some plants are also abundant. The conservation of these plant species is essential to improve traditional health practices within the hospital. However, plant breeding and conservation education are used in primary health care, conservation of their diversity, as well as clinical practice, and scientific research. 
 Keywords: Disease, Diversity, Medicinal plant, North Matale, Therapeutic potential

Unveiling the chemical profiling and remarkable modulation of carbohydrate metabolism by costus root, Dolomiaea costus (Falc.) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats

Ethnopharmacological relevanceDolomiaea costus (Falc.), formerly Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch., an ayurvedic medicinal plant, has long been recognized and utilized in diverse indigenous systems of medicine for its multifaceted therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, carminative, expectorant, antiarthritic, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, anodyne, and antidiabetic effects. Aim of the studyThe potential and underlying mechanisms of D. costus root as an antidiabetic agent were investigated in this study. Additionally, the quantification of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which dominate the extracts, was of particular interest in order to elucidate their contribution to the observed effects. Materials and methodsHigh-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed to analyze the chemical constituents in D. costus root aqueous extract (DCA) and D. costus root ethanolic extract (DCE). Furthermore, the inhibitory potentials of DCE and its respective fractions as well as DCA against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase enzymes were assessed. Subsequently, the efficacy of DCA and DCE extracts was evaluated using an established streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animal model; this involved administering the extracts at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bwt. and comparing them with a positive control (glibenclamide (Glib.) at 0.6 mg/kg bwt.). After induction of diabetes (except for negative control), all animals received the treatments orally for 21 days consecutively, followed by the collection of rat serum to assess various parameters including, glycemic and lipid profiles, liver and kidney functions, antioxidant activity, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis pathways. ResultsThe results of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS revealed that isochlorogenic acid A (8393.64 μg/g) and chlorogenic acid (6532.65 μg/g) were the predominant compounds in DCE and DCA, respectively. Both extracts exhibited notable antidiabetic properties, as evidenced by their ability to regulate blood glycemic and lipid profiles (glucose, insulin, HBA1C; HDL, TC, TGs), liver enzymes (ALT, ALP, AST), kidney function (urea, creatinine, uric acid), oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA), antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GSH, SOD), as well as glycolysis (glucokinase) and gluconeogenesis (G-6-P, FBP1) pathways. ConclusionsFurthermore, the administration of D. costus extracts significantly mitigated STZ-induced diabetic hyperglycemia. These results can be attributed, at least partially, to the presence of several polyphenolic compounds with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Plants as Regular Phytochemical Sources of Dentistry - Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Tooth Paste

Different plant components have been used in medicinal preparations in indigenous systems of medicine to clean teeth or treat oral diseases such as periodontal disease. Herbal toothpaste is equally as good at controlling plaque and gingivitis as dentifrices made according to standard formulas. Streptococcus mutants, out of all the examined bacteria, were shown towards the most susceptible to the created dentifrice, as evidenced by a zone inhibition (7-8 mm), followed by Escherichia coli (7 mm), as well as oral micro-biota (8mm). The created Poly-herbal dentifrice was successfully tested using a variety of industry-recognized standards to verify its high quality and physio-chemical qualities. According to the findings, the created Poly-herbal dentifrice shows promise for having antibacterial properties on both gramme-positive and gramme-negative organisms. Compared to completely synthetic dentifrice, it must be safer. For the development of Poly-herbal dentifrice to be proven safe and effective, more research is required. According to the study’s findings, herbal toothpaste is safer and has fewer side effects than synthetic preparations. It is also more commonly used in dentistry research. The toothpaste that is designed for oral hygiene and teeth shows antimicrobial activity against pathogens. The market preparation was contrasted with the formulation. Therefore, it demonstrates an equal amount of patronizing and engrossing passion for the promoted formulations. The development of herbal toothpaste has a promising future in the research of natural cures and general dental health.

A REVIEW ON SHAMI (PROSOPIS CINERARIA L.) AN ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANT IN A DESERT AREA OF RAJASTHAN, INDIA

Prosopis cineraria is a member of the Leguminosae family, often referred to as Khejri, Khijdo, Shami, and Jandi. The tree is known as Kalptaru because all of its components are beneficial. It is also known as the "wonder tree," making it the "lord of the desert." Locally known as "Sangari," the pods are fresh green vegetables that Rajasthani people enjoy together with its dry fruits. In times of scarcity, make pickles with Karir (Capparis decidua) and use them with bajara chapati as a meal. It is also a good source of vitamins for people who live in desert areas. The herb has also been employed as a folk treatment for various illnesses in indigenous folk medicine systems, including leprosy, dysentery, bronchitis, asthma, leukoderma, piles, muscle spasms, and wandering thoughts. Plant components such as leaves, pods, flowers, stems, and seeds have unique metabolites. Significant phytochemical substances found in plants have previously been identified as including fatty acids, carbohydrates, protein, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and glucoside. Analgesic activity, antitumor activity, anticonvulsant activity, antihyperlipidemic activity, antipyretic activity, and antimicrobial activity are some of the pharmacological properties of plants.

In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Seed Ethanolic Extract of Pongamia pinnata

Introduction: Pongamia pinnata Merr., a member of the Fabaceae family, is extensively spread throughout tropical Asia. Historically, several parts of P. pinnata have been utilised in the indigenous medicinal systems of several cultures. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are basic requisites in treating any oral mucosal lesions. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of these leaf extracts. Materials and methods: pinnata seeds were collected in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. For the extraction, shade-dried P. pinnata plant seeds were utilized. P. pinnata seed ethanolic extract was analysed qualitatively for the content of phenols, tannins, saponins, proteins, and acids, among other phytochemicals. Using the DPPH test and suppression of albumin denaturation, the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of P. pinnata seed extract was determined. Results: The phytochemical analysis of P. pinnata seed extract revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, saponins, proteins, and acids. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of P. pinnata seed extract was considerably higher at 500 g, as shown by the DPPH test and albumin denaturation inhibition. Conclusion: The results of this study show that P. pinnata seed extracts have both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Considering the results, P.pinnata shows high potential for management of oral mucosa lesions. Further clinical research needs to be done to analyse the effect of these properties.

Isolation, Identification, and Quantification of Two Compounds from Cassia glauca Cultivated in Iraq

The Cassia glauca Lam. is the tree that belongs to the Fabaceae family and is native to India has many uses in indigenous systems of medicine, folk medicine, and traditional Brazilian medicine. Has many pharmacological activities such as anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, anticancer, cardio-protective, and Hepato-protection. The aim of study is to Isolation, identification, and quantification of some compounds from aerial parts of Cassia glauca since no phytochemical investigation had previously been done in Iraq for this plant. The aerial parts were defatted in n. hexane for 48 hours. The defatted materials were extracted in 85% ethanol using the hot method (soxhlet), then the extract was fractionated using different solvents (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), was used for identification and quantification by using authenticated standards, and preparative layer chromatography (PLC) was used for the isolation of the identified compounds. The isolated compounds were identified after isolation by liquid chromatography Mass Spectrometry LC-MS/MS-Q-TOF method. The different chromatographic and spectroscopic methods results indicate the presence of luteolin and chlorogenic acid in the ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction respectively and estimated the quantity as (130.77µg/1g) for luteolin, and (0.0006%) for chlorogenic acid from 50g of plant material.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential and GC-MS profiling of leaf extracts from Clerodendrum infortunatum L.

Ethnopharmacological relevanceClerodendrum infortunatum L. is commonly distributed in tropical and subtropical countries and is widely used in the indigenous systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Unani, and Homeopathy. The plant has important uses in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders which includes asthma, cough, chest complaints, pain, rheumatism, osteoarthritis, gastric ulcer, cancer, diabetes, skin diseases etc. Aim of the studyRegarding the extensive healing properties of C. infortunatum in folk medicine, we aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant and analyze its bioactive components. Materials and methodsSequential extracts were prepared from C. infortunatum leaves using n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and water. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of these extracts were evaluated using membrane stabilization and protein anti-denaturation assays. Toxicity of the extracts was tested using brine shrimp lethality assay. GC-MS analysis has been carried out to analyze and characterize various bioactive constituents present in the plant. ResultsEach of the tested extracts showed significant (p < 0.05) in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Sequential ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the strongest membrane stabilization and protein anti-denaturation activities with IC50 values of 331.3, 308.3 and 279.2 μg/mL for heat and hypotonicity induced membrane stabilization and protein anti-denaturation assays, respectively. Sequential methanol extract also exhibited strong activity in heat and hypotonicity induced membrane stabilization and protein anti-denaturation assays with IC50 values of 371.5, 331.6 and 284.6 μg/mL, respectively. The extracts demonstrated a range of toxicity in the brine shrimp lethality assay with LC50 values of 51.4, 59.7, 47.3, 37.1, 68.1 and 77.3 μg/mL for n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and water extracts respectively. The GC-MS analysis of direct n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts detected 32 different compounds. The major compounds (> 5%) were phenol, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, estragole, methyl stearate, lanosterol, 9-methoxybicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-triene, benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) 4 hydroxy methyl ester, 22,23-dibromostigmasterol acetate, 3-methyl-4-(phenylthio)-2-prop-2-enyl-2,5-dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide, benzenemethanol, α-methyl-α-propyl- and 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)- methyl ester. ConclusionsThe findings of our study revealed that C. infortunatum is rich with diverse bioactive phytoconstituents and the scientific evidences support the anti-inflammatory potential of the plant.

DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM MELGHAT FOREST OF AMRAVATI DISTRICT (MS) INDIA

Medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), traditional healthcare systems serve 70-80% of the population in India. Medicinal plants (MPs) and herbal remedies play an essential role in indigenous medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. The Melghat region is known for its rich biodiversity and cultural value. The present survey was carried out to document the traditional uses of medicinal plants among the korku triable community which are located in Melghat region of Amravati disrict, India. The Melghat forest has great diversity in medicinal plants. More than 769 naturalised plant species are listed in the Flora of Melghat belonging to about 400 genera representing 97 families. Local people are aware of medical cures produced from different plant species belonging to various families to treat a wide range of ailments.

Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.): A review on its therapeutic properties

Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) has a prime position in Ayurveda- an Indian indigenous system of medicine. Amalaki belongs to the family of Euphorbiaceae and is also known as Phyllanthus emblica or Indian gooseberry. Amalaki is one of the most important medicinal plants in Indian traditional systems of medicine (Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha). It is a well-known fact that all parts of Amalaki are useful in the treatment of various diseases. Among all, the most important part is fruit. The fruits of Amalaki are widely used in the Ayurvedic preparation and it increase defense against diseases. It has a beneficial role in degenerative diseases like cancer, diabetes, liver treatment, ulcer, anaemia, eye diseases, and heart trouble and also is an important constituent in hepatoprotective and rejuvenating formulas available. Phytochemical studies on Amalaki disclosed major chemical constituents including tannins, alkaloids, polyphenols, vitamins and minerals. Gallic acid, ellagic acid, emblicanin A &amp; B, phyllembein, quercetin and ascorbic acid are found to be biologically effective. It is enormously used as a tonic to restore the lost body’s energy and vigor, mentioned under Triphala (~combination of three potent fruit) in Ayurveda. In this article, we will emphasize on its various therapeutic applications as per modern researches and our classical texts. We will also discuss about the nutritional value, biochemical constituents, medicinal value of Amalaki and its use as a household remedy.

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr: Updated Review

Abstract: Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr. is an important traditional medicinal herb documented in the indigenous medicinal systems and used in many folk medicines to treat various ailments. D. styracifolium belongs to the legume family Fabaceae (Leguminosae) and is preferably abundantly found worldwide. The plant possesses various phytochemical and pharmacological activities. Plant’s phytochemical accouter confers significant therapeutic properties and has been used traditionally for treating ailments like pyrexia, stranguria, renal calculi, dysuria, and oliguria. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of scientific findings of D. styracifolium phytoconstituents and their related anti-hypertensive, anti-oxidant, anti-urolithic and hepatoprotective activities in nonclinical in-vitro and in-vivo studies. More than 50 chemical compounds have been reported from D. styracifolium, including flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, phenols, and phytosterols. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and ethnomedicinal uses of D. styracifolium, providing scientific evidence for ethnomedicinal claims and opening perspectives for future research.