Parental Indifference Research Articles

‘What they owe to their children’: Edmund Burke on parental love and liberty

ABSTRACT This is the first article to investigate the role of parental affection in Edmund Burke’s political thought. It challenges the widely held view that Burke defended patriarchal authority in reaction to egalitarian ideas of the family advanced by the French Revolution. Burke, himself a devoted father, believed that civil liberty depended upon parental rights and responsibilities. Long before the revolution began, he warned against a contemporary fascination with Spartan ideas of parental indifference in the Annual Register – ideas that the National Assembly in France appeared, in his view, to be implementing in their reforms to family law. From Burke’s perspective, the revolutionaries in France were interfering in the relationships between parents and their children in order to make way for an all-encompassing devotion to the state. Burke warned that by undermining parental love and duty, the revolutionaries in France were not only instituting a new tyrannical regime but also destroying the very foundation of humanity.

YANBU'A METHOD FOR INCREASING ABILITY READ WRITE AND MEMORIZE THE ALQURAN AT TPQ AT TAUHID SENORI TUBAN

Reading, writing and memorizing the Quran is very important for human existence. However, nowadays there are children who are still ignorant and lack a sense of enthusiasm in deepening their knowledge of the Quran. So there are still many children who are not fluent and cannot even read the Quran according to the law of recitation. This research focuses on the application of the Yanbu'a method, the results of applying the Yanbu'a method, and the supporting and inhibiting factors of the Yanbu'a method in improving reading and writing skills and memorizing the Quran at TPQ At Tauhid Leran Senori Tuban. The subjects of this study were students from class Yanbu'a 3 to class Yanbu'a 5, totaling 41 students. This study uses a qualitative method. This research uses data collection techniques of interviews, observation, documentation. While the data validity technique is source, technique, and time triangulation. Then data analysis is done by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The application of the Yanbu'a method in this study is the implementation of learning to read with deliberation, ardul qira'ah, and repetition. While learning to write the Quran by the teacher writing hijaiyah letters/connected verses and the students copying it in their respective books, then memorizing the Quran by the students progressing individually. (2) The results of applying the Yanbu'a method, namely 39 students can read the Quran tartil, fluently, and not fragmented, while 2 students get an incomplete score due to their low ability. (3) Supporting factors in the application of the Yanbu'a method are Asatiz who is competent, Santri who are active, diligent, and full of enthusiasm, Adequate facilities, Parental support. While the inhibiting factors are late asatiz, rowdy students, some indifferent parents.

Intergenerational trauma transmission through family psychosocial factors in adult children of Rwandan survivors of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi

Thirty years after the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, children of survivors are being increasingly documented to be at higher risk compared to their peers for adverse mental health outcomes. However, no studies in Rwanda have empirically explored family psychosocial factors underlying this intergenerational transmission of trauma. We investigated family psychosocial factors that could underlie this transmission in 251 adult Rwandan children of survivors (mean age = 23.31, SD = 2.40; 50.2% female) who completed a cross-sectional online survey. For participants with survivor mothers (n = 187), we found that both offspring-reported maternal trauma exposure and maternal PTSD were indirectly associated with children's PTSD via maternal trauma communication (specifically, nonverbal and guilt-inducing communication), and that maternal PTSD was indirectly associated with children's PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms through family communication styles. For participants with survivor fathers (n = 170), we found that paternal PTSD symptoms were indirectly associated with children's anxiety and depression symptoms via paternal parenting styles (specifically, abusive and indifferent parenting). Although replication is needed in longitudinal research with parent-child dyads, these results reaffirm the importance of looking at mass trauma in a family context and suggest that intergenerational trauma interventions should focus on addressing family communication, trauma communication, and parenting.

The influence of maternal and paternal phubbing on adolescents’ problematic gaming: A two-wave mediation model

Cross-sectional studies from Eastern Asia have indicated a positive association between parental phubbing (snubbing via smartphones) and adolescent problematic gaming (PG). Longitudinal research is needed to evaluate the specific impact of maternal and paternal phubbing on adolescent PG in Europe. This study used a two-wave longitudinal design (with a six-month time interval) to test a theoretical model in which maternal and paternal phubbing at Wave 1 (W1) predicted adolescent PG at Wave 2 (W2), with maternal and paternal indifference (W2) as mediators. Gender differences in the hypothesized associations were also explored. Data were collected in Italy via online surveys, and the sample comprised 557 adolescent gamers (Mage = 15.62 ± 1.54; 69% males). The mediation model was tested using path analysis, and multi-group comparisons were performed. The results showed that parental phubbing (W1) increased parental indifference (W2) in both mothers and fathers. Maternal phubbing (W1) indirectly predicted adolescent PG (W2) via increased maternal indifference (W2) in both males and females, whereas paternal phubbing (W1) directly and indirectly predicted adolescent PG (W2) via paternal indifference (W2) only in females. Parents and adolescents should be aware of the potentially detrimental effects associated with the dysfunctional use of digital technology.

Evaluation of the Administration of Primary Schools Where Refugee Children Attend from the Perspective of School Administrators

Abstract
 
 The aim of this research is to evaluate the management structure of primary schools from the perspectives of school administrators where refugee children are educated in Turkey. The research was designed as a case study from qualitative research approaches. While determining the study group, criterion sampling method from purposive sampling was used and school administrators of the four most crowded primary schools in ..... province were determined in terms of the number of refugee children. A total of seven school administrators were interviewed. Semi-structured interview forms developed by the researchers were used as data collection tool in the research. While forming the interview questions, expert opinion was taken and was tested with pilot applications. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and content analysis. Categories and codes were determined in line with the answers of the school administrators. In order to ensure the reliability of the research findings, quotations from the participants' opinions are included. With the research, it has been concluded that in addition to the problems such as language problems of refugee children, there are also problems such as cultural incompatibility, registration, attendance, resource, cleanliness, parental indifference, adaptation in school management.
 Keywords: Refugee child, Migration, School administration, School administrator

부모의 양육방식이 청소년 자녀의 창의적 태도에 미치는 영향

This study investigated the relationship between parenting styles and adolescents' creative attitudes, focusing on the mediating role of adolescents’ perceived autonomy. A latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted on 5,286 data from the 8th and 9th Gyeonggi Education Panel Research (GEPS) to identify specific parenting styles. Then, ANOVA and mediation analysis were employed to examine the effects of parenting styles on creative attitudes. The study identified five parenting styles: average parenting, indifferent parenting, authoritarian parenting, systematic parenting, and authoritarian parenting. Adolescents with authoritative parents had the highest levels of creative attitudes, while those with indifferent parents had the lowest. The study found that adolescents' perceptions of autonomy mediated the relationship between parenting styles and their creative attitudes. Specifically, the authoritative parenting style fostered adolescents' sense of autonomy, leading to more creative attitudes. With regards to the major findings of the study, the implications and limitations are discussed.

KÖY OKULLARINDA ÖĞRENİM GÖREN ÇOCUKLARIN GÖRSEL OKUMA BİÇİMLERİ

Çalışma köy okulunda öğrenim gören 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin görsel okuma biçimlerini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın yapılma sebebi, literatürde 8. sınıf köy okullarında öğrenim gören öğrencilere yönelik görsel okuma özelinde yapılmış bir çalışmaya rastlanılmaması ve merkezi yerleştirme sınavlarında görsel okumaya yönelik soruların artış göstermesidir. Çalışma durum çalışma modeli ile kurgulanmış, nitel bir araştırmadır. Çalışma grubunu kolay ulaşılabilirlik ve ölçüt örneklem yoluyla seçilen 8. sınıfta öğrenim gören 56 köy okulu öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak, görsellere ait yorumların istendiği açık uçlu çalışma kâğıtları kullanılmıştır. Cevaplar betimsel analize tabi tutularak Hasan Efe’nin “Karikatürü Düşündüren İnsan” kitabında belirttiği görsel metin olarak karikatürün anlam yapısı konusunda derin yapı ve yüzey yapı başlıklarına göre kategorize edilerek incelenmiştir. Cevaplarda öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun yüzeysel yapıyı tasvir ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu kategorideki 12 öğrencinin cevabında düz okumada öne çıkan sembollerin yüzeysel yapıdan uzaklaşarak simgelere başka anlamlar yüklediği göze çarpmıştır. Sonuç olarak köy okullarında öğrenim gören çocukların çoğunun görsel okuma açısından yeterince gelişemediği görülmüştür. Öğretmen görüşlerine göre öğrenci velilerinin eğitime ilgisizliği, bu öğrencilerin öğrenim hayatları boyunca farklı uyarıcılarla karşılaşmaması ve teknolojik araçlara rahat erişimlerinin mümkün olmaması ile okuma alışkanlıklarının edinmiş olmamaları, bu duruma sebep teşkil eden durumlardır.

An Analysis on the Risk Factor of HIV Transmission in Adolescents in DKI Jakarta

Background: HIV is a big problem that until now has not been handled properly. Children and adolescents become victims of parental indifference to their children. This study aims to determine the risk factors for HIV transmission to adolescents in DKI Jakarta. Methods: This study uses an analytic observational design with case control. The location of this research was carried out in DKI Jakarta (Pelita Ilmu Foundation). Results: The study found risk factors that influenced the incidence of HIV transmission among adolescents in DKI Jakarta, namely a family history of HIV/AIDS (p = 0.000; OR = 227.167; 95% CI = 28.495-1810.989). Conclusion: Family history of HIV/AIDS is the most influential factor in the incidence of HIV transmission among adolescents in DKI Jakarta.

Teachers’ Views on Digital Addiction among Preschool Students

In this study, it is intended to reveal the views of teachers about the digital addiction of preschool students. To this end, a qualitative study was performed. A series of interviews were held with 20 preschool teachers working in kindergartens in Denizli city center in the 2021-2022 academic year. Specifically, the interviews sought to answer the following research questions: “What are the family- related causes of digital addiction?”; “What are the environmental causes of digital addiction?”; “What are the negative effects of digital addiction on students?” and “What precautions should be taken to prevent digital addiction?” The results denoted that causes of digital addiction among pre-school students are related to bad parental role models, parental indifference and lack of parental guidance.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Kejadian Temper Tantrum Anak Usia Prasekolah (3-6 Tahun) di Taman Kanak-Kanak

Temper tantrums are conditions where children experience unplanned outbursts of emotion and frustration. Children's emotional development will be disrupted if temper tantrums are not handled and left unchecked. One of the factors that can influence is parenting style. The research objective was to determine the relationship between parenting style and the incidence of temper tantrums. The research design is descriptive quantitative with a cross-sectional approach, the number of samples is 78 respondents with the Consecutive Sampling method. Data collection used the short version of the Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnarie (PSDQ) instrument. Data were analyzed with univariate and bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis using the tau control test. Statistical test results showed that there was a significant relationship between parenting style and temper tantrums (p<0.05), there was no authoritarian parenting relationship (p>0.05), there was no relationship with permissive parenting (p>0.05, there was no democratic relationship (p >0.05), and there was no relationship between indifferent parenting (p>0.05).There is a need for health promotion efforts regarding proper parenting.

Distance Education Experiences of Teacher-Parents during the COVID-19

This research aimed to determine the opinions of teacher parents about distance education process during COVID-19. The study was designed as a case study which is one of the methods in qualitative research. The sample of the study composed of 83 teacher parents from different branches in Turkey. Maximum variation and criterion sampling methods were used to select the participants. The data of the study were gathered though open ended questions developed by the researchers and were analyzed through descriptive and content analyses. According to the participants, distance education is perceived and accepted as a means of support rather than an alternative to face-to-face education. Participants mentioned the distance education carried out during the pandemic process as a beneficial practice in order to prevent students from breaking off from education but also they stated administrative issues, lack of computer science knowledge and internet-related problems. The inability to disseminate distance education to all students, especially disadvantaged students due to the lack of infrastructure, indifferent parents and the fact that distance education is insufficient in the education of young children/special education students show that distance education has not yet met the expectations to provide equal opportunities for everyone involved. Keywords: COVID-19, distance education, pandemic, teacher, parent

Role of Educational Planning in Ensuring Quality Education of Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania

This study aimed at probing the role of educational planning in ensuring quality education of Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania. Its specific objectives were to: highlight educational planning approaches; find out the contribution(s) of educational planning to quality education and to determine the challenges facing educational planning in ensuring quality education. Adams’ interactive and rational models of educational planning served as a frame of reference for this study. The study adopted the survey research design. Data collection instruments consisted of questionnaires, interview and document review. Quantitative data was analyzed through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) while qualitative data was subjected to content analysis for discussion. The study consisted of 40 participants for quantitative data and 6 participants for qualitative data. Whereas academic masters/mistresses and head teachers were purposively selected, teachers were randomly sampled. The findings of this study, unveiled that Tanzania employs the Social Demand Approach (SDA) of educational planning. Quality education indicators were presented as evidence of the role played by educational planning in ensuring quality. It was found that form IV students’ academic performance significantly improved as evidenced by NECTA (National Examinations Council of Tanzania) results from 2016 to 2020. Other quality indicators reported were, teachers’ qualifications, student-teacher ratios, infrastructure, teaching and learning materials and conducive learning environment. Despite academic improvement indicating better quality of education there were still some challenges to quality-oriented educational planning. The challenges highlighted were inadequate funding, insufficient laboratory equipment, low salaries, political interventions, parental indifference and shortage of science teachers. Planners are therefore urged to deconstruct and reconstruct educational planning so as to facilitate constructive resolutions to these challenges at grassroots level. In addition to allocation of educational funds to schools accordingly, increased involvement of teachers in educational planning is recommended. Prospective research on participatory educational planning for holistic quality education is encouraged.

Education for All: Teachers’ and School Counselors’ Experiences Educating Syrian Refugee Students in Turkish Public Schools

The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine teachers’ and school counselors’ experiences educating Syrian refugee students in Turkish public middle schools. Accordingly, this investigation has explored the opinions of 20 teachers and nine school counselors in Istanbul. The data were collected in 2019 using the semi-structured interview method. The research findings have revealed Syrian students in Turkish schools to experience the following common hardships: language barrier, curriculum, cultural differences, lack of prior education, socio-economic factors, behavioral problems, community pressure, and parental indifference. Supporting a multicultural school climate with high expectations for all has become a central point in educating students with different backgrounds.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗВ’ЯЗКУ СТИЛІВ СІМЕЙНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ТА ЦІННІСНИХ ОРІЄНТАЦІЙ ПІДЛІТКІВ

The article examines the relations between parenting styles and adolescents' value orientations. The performed theoretical analysis has showed that value orientations determine behavioural patterns, an individual's internal readiness for some activities in order to achieve certain goals and satisfy one's own needs. Entering adolescence, children begin to evaluate attitudes of their parents, their place in the family and their own importance in a new way, which serves as the basis for their value orientations. We found that families applied different parenting styles to adolescents to the same extent, but indifferent and authoritarian styles had a slight predominance. The most significant values for adolescents were “conformity”, “hedonism”, “kindness”, “security”, “stimulation”, “power” and “achievement”, the least significant values were “independence”, “universalism” and “traditions”. Existing correlations between family educational styles and adolescents' value orientations were revealed and described. The largest number of links was between the authoritative parenting style and adolescents' values: traditions, independence, stimulation, power and conformity (the last relation was inverse); between the liberal style and the values: kindness, universalism, security (direct links) and traditions and achievements (inverse). This showed that acceptance and a warm emotional attitude towards an adolescent was associated with developed independence, a desire for activities, for excitement, formed ideas about the importance of group solidarity and absent fear to violate social expectations and norms, in particular, when such violations could harm an adolescent oneself. Vice versa, emotional indifference of parents, distance towards their children formed such values at adolescent that were aimed at loved ones' well-being, tolerance, acceptance, understanding of others (which could be a kind of compensation) and low importance of one's own achievements. The lowest number of connections was found between the authoritarian parenting style and conformity (direct) and independence and security (inverse); between the liberal style and conformity (direct) and achievement and power (inverse). This meant that, under low acceptance, a directive parental style, adolescents felt the importance to subordinate to other people's positions and opinions and their independence in making decisions and taking actions was low. Permissiveness and minimization of parental control, which were characteristic of the liberal style, are associated in adolescents with importance of submission and decreased importance of personal success through the demonstration of one's own competence.

ADOLESCENT DRUG ADDICTION IN UKRAINE: SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS. Review

Relevance. The relevance is determined by the danger of drug addiction among Ukrainian adolescents, and the lack of attention by parents to the study of this problem, and the lack of proper attention to this issue in most Ukrainian schools. Currently, the main social and psychological aspects that motivate modern Ukrainian adolescents to use drugs have not been sufficiently identified and studied.
 Objective: to identify the dominant psychological and social factors that motivate Ukrainian adolescents to start using drugs.
 Methods. Analysis of publications from scientometric electronic databases by keywords. Search depth - 18 years (2001-2018).
 Results. The social factors that influence the spread of adolescent drug addiction in Ukraine include the decline in the general standard of living in the country over the past 25-30 years; mass unemployment among the population, lack of life prospects for a large part of the country's population; the spread of the AIDS epidemic among the population (the number of drug addicts among HIV-infected reaches 80%); the growth of crime in modern Ukrainian society and the associated availability of drugs. Also, the indifference of modern Ukrainian society to the existing problem; the absence of a state program to prevent the spread of drugs among adolescents with the mandatory registration of new drug addicts, and the presence in the high school curriculum of special lessons that explain the essence of the problem and ways to solve it.
 Factors of a psychological nature that affect the spread of adolescent drug addiction in Ukraine include: inattention of parents to this problem, lack of preventive work in families to reverse trends in drug use by adolescents; bad microclimate in the families of adolescent drug addicts, the indifference of parents to children's problems; alcoholism of parents in the families of young drug addicts; the example of friends who started using drugs at a young age; the desire of adolescents to try new sensations; the inability of adolescents to understand for themselves the harm that drugs can potentially do to them and their organism.
 Conclusions. Problems in families are a major reason for modern children to use drugs.

Challenges encountered by in-service K12 teachers at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic period: the case of Turkey

The aim of this study is to describe the negative experiences encountered by in-service K12 teachers in Turkey with respect to distance education practices applied urgently and compulsorily during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Analyses have been carried out on responses of teachers in order to determine the factors affecting them, so as to illustrate an example and to try to understand the impacts of decisions taken by the Turkish Ministry of National Education during the initial stages of the pandemic. The study follows a descriptive survey model and employs quota sampling based on the first level Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics of Turkey. 1071 teachers participated in the study on a voluntary basis during the 30 March-1 June 2020 period by filling out a questionnaire form developed by the researchers. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of data were carried out via SPSS 24 and NVIVO 10 software, respectively. Findings indicate the most prominent problems reported by teachers are the lack of internet/device access by students as well as lack of experience of teachers with distance education. Analyses of problem frequency based on demographics have revealed that female teachers were more likely to suffer from the lack of IT skills. Teachers in the age group of 41+, who belong to generation X, also tend to experience more problems due to the lack of IT skills in comparison with their younger peers. Moreover, issues such as internet and infrastructure inadequacies experienced in rural regions, low participation rate of students in the online courses, indifference of parents, and failure of teachers to be sufficiently active in the system, were considered as problems by the teachers; and solution suggestions have been presented accordingly.

A Randomised Controlled CBT Intervention for Maladaptive Perfectionism: Outcome and Predictors

Maladaptive perfectionism has been associated with certain mental health problems. Moreover, studies suggest that the development of perfectionism can be attributed to childhood experiences and, more specifically, to parenting styles. (1) Background: The aims of the present study were first to examine the relationship of perfectionism to perceived parenting and current symptoms of depression and anxiety and, secondly, to study the effectiveness of a group CBT intervention program for high perfectionism; (2) Methods: Participants were 81 young Greek adults with relatively high scores in perfectionism. They were randomly allocated to two conditions: either the intervention group (IG; n = 40) or a non-active control group (CG; n = 41). The intervention group received a CBT intervention of 10 weekly sessions, while assessments were made in two time points for both groups; (3) Results: There was significant correlation of perfectionism with perceived parental indifference, abuse, and overcontrol as well as measures of anxiety and depression. Results showed significant decrease in perfectionism and other symptoms in the IG. Although perceived paternal indifference and abuse could predict perfectionism at pre-intervention, no pre-intervention variable could predict the perfectionism intervention outcome; (4) Conclusions: Overall, the study suggests that maladaptive perfectionism is associated with perceived negative parenting and current anxiety and depression and that a group CBT intervention can address specific dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism.

The Problems of Teachers Who Have Immigrant Students in their Classes and Solutions

This study aims to reveal the problems faced by teachers with immigrant students in their classes and to identify the solutions teachers find for the problems. The method of case study, which is one of the qualitative research designs, was adopted in this study. The data were gathered from ten teachers. Content analysis technique was used in data analysis of this study. The study was carried out on the basis of two themes which can be listed as the problems faced in the education of immigrant students and solutions for these problems. The sub-themes regarding the problems faced in the education of immigrant students can be listed as language problem, adaptation to peers and tendency to violence, indifference of parents and deficiencies about the education given by the teachers. Solutions for these problems can be categorized under four sub-themes, which are visits to parents, activities to overcome language barrier, changes in the yearly plans and in-service training.

Adolescents’ behavior problems based on combination of motivational system and perceived maternal parenting: A person-centered approach by gender

In the present cross-sectional study, we examined the combination profiles derived from latent profile analysis (LPA) using BIS/BAS as well as maternal parenting behavior as indicators in accounting for behavior problems in a sample of 801 Korean adolescents (406 females, 395 males). Furthermore, we examined whether the derived latent profiles demonstrate similarities across gender and behavior problems and latent profile characteristics were compared. For both female and male adolescents, a majority of the sample was classified in the ‘Sociable and Parental Support’ profile characterized by moderate BIS/BAS combined with maternal parental support and low psychological control and they demonstrated good adjustment. Significant difference in behavior problems was not found between male adolescents in the ‘Moderately Shy and Parental Control’ profile and the ‘Unsociable and Parental Indifference’ profile despite the heterogeneity in motivational system and maternal parenting behavior. For female adolescents, a combination of high BIS/BAS and high psychological control (‘High Shy and Parental Control’) was associated with significant behavior problems. However, female adolescents in the ‘Unsociable and Parental Monitoring’ profile did not exhibit significantly more behavior problems compared to females in the ‘Sociable and Parental Support’ profile. The present study indicates that the combination profile based on the motivational system and maternal parenting behavior differ depending on adolescent gender and that latent profile characteristics associated with more behavior problems also differ depending on gender.

The first febrile seizure; predisposing factors and recurrence rate.

ObjectiveFebrile seizure is the most common worrisome neurologic disorder in children in terms of parental point of view. The purpose of this study was to answer distressing parents’ questions about the prevalence and possibility of febrile seizure recurrence.Materials & Methods140 patients who were admitted due to the first febrile seizure in the six months (March up to September) of the year 2015 were enrolled to this study. Exclusion criteria include central nervous system infection, non-confirmed febrile seizure and lack of parental acceptance forlong-term inclusion in this study. All children were followed in terms of second febrile seizure during one year follow-up from the time of first febrile seizure. (3 sentences were deleted).ResultsRecurrence of febrile seizure was 25.7 % during one-year follow-up. Significant risk factors for recurrence include: age less than one year old, male gender, seizure with low level of fever, family history of epilepsy, family history of febrile seizure, complex febrile seizure (focal and repeated in 24 hours), seizure duration more than 15 minutes and parental indifference to the onset of fever in their children before seizure occurrence. Although duration of fever before seizure, failureto thrive, positive history of admission in neonatal period, dystocia at birth delivery and children with day care staying were associated with greater febrile seizure recurrence; but, they did not have significant relationship with recurrence rate. Prophylaxis with benzodiazepine reduced the recurrence rateConclusionChance of febrile seizure recurrence in one-year follow-up increased in presence of risk factors expressed in finding part. Parental indifference to the onset of fever in their children that is starting before seizure was a considerable risk factor in terms of recurrence prevalence. We recommended to emphasis on parental education about this new finding as a risk factor for febrile seizure in order to prevent its future recurrence.