Indication Value Research Articles

Ants as Bioindicators of Habitat Conservation in a Conservation Area of the Atlantic Forest Biome

Ants are used as bioindicators because they play diverse ecological roles in terrestrial ecosystems. Their richness, abundance, and broad geographic distribution allow these insects to be used to predict the conditions of environmental conservation. This study aimed to evaluate the bioindicator potential of the ant fauna in Parque Estadual do Turvo, Rio Grande do Sul. Sampling was carried out in two events, in January and November of 2019, using soil and canopy pitfall traps, sardine baits, glucose baits, an entomological umbrella, and a sweeping net. We verified the association of ant species to the sampled strata (soil and leaf litter and vegetation) through an Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We identified 157 species belonging to 32 genera and eight subfamilies. The subfamily with the most outstanding richness was Myrmicinae, with 70 species, followed by Formicinae, with 40 species. The richest genera in the samples were Camponotus (S = 29), Pheidole (S = 23), and Linepithema (S = 11). Overall, 58 species occurred exclusively in the soil and leaf litter stratum and 23 in the arboreal stratum. Nine species had a significant indication value for the sampled strata, seven for soil and leaf litter, and two for the arboreal strata. The results show the potential of ant fauna as a basis for environmental impact studies and management and conservation plans in the southern Atlantic Forest biome.

Pricing Personalised Drugs: Comparing Indication Value Based Prices with Performance Based Schemes

Abstract Price strategies are essential to balance timely access to drugs with expenditure containment. This is especially true for personalised drugs, whose effectiveness is heterogeneous across patients. For these drugs, some authors suggest to use Indication Based Price schemes (IBPs), while others argue that Performance-Based managed entry Agreements (PBAs) are more appropriate. We develop a theoretical model to compare the welfare properties of IBPs and PBAs in an environment where effectiveness is uncertain. The manufacturer observes heterogeneity in patients responses, but this information may be non verifiable. By contrast, the regulator can only observe data presented for listing purposes. We show that IBPs may allow to treat the efficient number of patients only if the social value of the drug is entirely appropriated by the manufacturer. PBAs may allow a fairer distribution of the social value, but their success depends on the contract rules and on the degree of uncertainty.

The Influence of Soil Saturation and Soil Strain on Landslides

Landslides are the movement of masses of rock, regolith and soil from high to low places due to the influence of gravitational forces, due to the weakness of the soil structure when saturated. Humidity on a certain slope is an initial indication of a landslide. By using a humidity measuring device you can get a landslide indication value, apart from humidity there is also another indication, namely ground movement which is detected with a strain sensor. Thus, these 2 main parameters are expected to become new findings in the field of landslide disasters as an initial disaster instrumentation system.

Research on indoor positioning method based on LoRa-improved fingerprint localization algorithm

Traditional fingerprint localization algorithms need help with low localization accuracy, large data volumes, and device dependence. This paper proposes a LoRa-based improved fingerprint localization algorithm-particle swarm optimization-random forest-fingerprint localization for indoor localization. The first improvement step involves creating a new exceptional fingerprint value (referred to as RSSI-RANGE) by adding the Time of Flight ranging value (referred to as RANGE) to the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) value and weighting them together. The second improvement step involves preprocessing the fingerprint data to eliminate gross errors using Gaussian and median filtering. After noise reduction, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the hyper parameters of the random forest algorithm, and the best RSSI-RANGE value is obtained using the random forest algorithm. The Kriging method is then used for interpolation to establish an offline fingerprint database, and the final online recognition and localization are performed. Experimental results demonstrate that the first improvement step improves localization accuracy by 53–57% in different experimental scenarios, while the second improves localization accuracy by 25–31%. When both steps are combined, the localization accuracy is improved by 58–63%. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through experiments.

Studying electronic blood pressure monitor digital recognition algorithm based on computer vision and design

This study proposed an intelligent algorithm based on digital image processing and character recognition to address the current situation in which the National Medical Products Administration promulgated the relevant regulations on the complete prohibition of the use of mercury sphygmomanometers in 2020 and the currently widely used electronic sphygmomanometers need to undergo regular verification and quality testing. The intelligent algorithm made it possible to automatically acquire the electronic sphygmomanometer indication value during quality assurance or verification. The images of the electronic sphygmomanometer were captured using a Raspberry Pi-connected video camera head; in the software development, automatic detection of the electronic sphygmomanometer's indication value was achieved by running the computer vision-based OpenCV library on the Raspberry Pi and utilizing image preprocessing techniques like scale transformation, grayscale conversion, Gaussian smoothing and edge detection, and character segmentation. The development of intelligent devices for the automatic verification of electronic sphygmomanometers has a technical foundation in the research and design of the digital recognition algorithm, and it has a certain reference value for character recognition of electronic instruments or the creation of automatic instrument indication value recording devices.

Measurement and calibration of substrate surface temperature in hot filament chemical vapor deposition

The temperature measurement under complex working conditions has always been a challenging task. In this study, taking the hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) as an example, the method of measuring the surface temperature of cemented carbide inserts was explored by using K-type thermocouples for contact measurement. Several different thermocouple installation schemes were designed, and an established evaluation system was used as a standard to identify the feasibility of these schemes, including measurement stability, calibration stability, convenience of installation, and cost performance. Finally, the optimal scheme was screened, that is, to insert the temperature measurement segment of a thermocouple into the central through hole of the substrate and keep the tip flush with the surface. It not only protected the thermocouple from being deteriorated by the high temperature gradient field, but also ensured that the thermocouple could sense the heat change that is consistent with the measured substrate surface, improving the stability of the measurement. Noted was that a calibration value should be added to the thermocouple indication value in order to obtain the accurate surface temperature, and thus the measurement and calibrated standard deviations could be controlled as less than 15 °C and 10.81 °C, respectively. The optimal measurement scheme was applied to the actual deposition experiments of diamond films, and the dependence of the coating quality on the temperature was analyzed, which further verified the accuracy of the temperature measurement. This scheme can be extended to other similar complex conditions, including vacuum, large temperature gradient, severe mutual occlusion between objects, or strong chemical reactions.

Al-‘Alāqah al-Irtibāṭīyah bayn al-Bī’ah al-Lughawīyah wa-Mahārāt al-Lughah al-‘Arabīyah ladá Ṭalabat al-Ma‘had

This research stems from environmental problems at Arrisalah Islamic International College (Pondok Modern Arrisalah Program International), Gundik, Slahung, Ponorogo, East Java, in creating a language environment that is thought to have something to do with proficiency in Arabic language skills. This study aims to describe the relationship between the language environment and the language skills possessed by students. The type of research used in this study is quantitative with correlational methods. The data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and tests on 59 people. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between them is powerful and is shown by the correlation coefficient calculation that the significance value of the correlation t count (0.810) is greater than the indication value of the correlation t table (0.250). These results indicate that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) proposed is accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, which means a significant relationship exists between the two variables.

Influence of Selected Environmental Factors on Diatom β Diversity (Bacillariophyta) and the Value of Diatom Indices and Sampling Issues

Human impacts and environmental climate changes have led to a progressive decline in the diversity of diatoms in lakes in the recent past. The components of β diversity (e.g., species turnover and nestedness) and underlying factors are still poorly understood. Here, we report an investigation of two alternative approaches—beta diversity (β diversity) partitioning and local contribution to β diversity (LCBD)—including their responses to selected environmental factors and representativeness of samples in estimating the ecological fitness of a lake. The β diversity of diatoms and their local contributions could be explained by the effects of environmental variables (p < 0.01). The random forest method showed the most contribution to the variance for NO3−, Cl−, and SO42−. PERMANOVA as well as a network analysis in JASP (Jeffrey’s Amazing Statistics Program) showed significant differences between the seasons in diatom assemblages and in the diatom index for Polish lakes (IOJ). Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms responsible for community organizations along environmental gradients from the perspective of β diversity components, and mechanisms of the indication value of diatoms for lakes; the results could be used especially by countries implementing ecological assessments.

Handling of Correction of Indicated Value of Wet Steam Flow Measurement and Its Relation to Standards

In general, it is practically difficult to separate the gas and liquid phases of a steam flowmeter for simultaneous measurement, given its measurement principle. Therefore, based on our past research activities and results, we have reorganized the steam flow rate value for the gas phase, which contributes to understanding the amount of useful heat energy, by making useful corrections to the flow rate indication value when measuring wet steam in which the gas and liquid phases are mixed. In addition, the relationship with related international standards is discussed, and future prospects are discussed.

Implementation of Land Value Zone Regulation by the Land Office inthe Ex-Besuki Residence

Soil is part of the earth’s surface that plays an important role in the life of living things. Humans use land to carry out all life activities. Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency, where the agrarian and spatial planning sector is managed by the Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning (ATR), while the land sector is managed by BPN. As a result, there is a large difference between the asking prices. Symptoms of rising land prices without going through a fair market mechanism generally follow the pattern of land use. Article 16 Paragraph (1) Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 128 of 2015 states that the Land Value Zone is the market value determined by the Land Office of Jember Regency and Bondowoso Regency. Jember Regency and Bondowoso Regency as government representatives continue to improve land mapping methods and present information on Land Value Zone maps. These problems are: 1). What is the method used by the Land Office in the former Besuki Residency in determining accurate land value zoning?, 2). What is the relationship between Spatial Planning as one of the determinants of Land Value Zones?, 3). The former Besuki Residency Land Office in controlling land prices using the Land Value Zoning method? The method of analysis was carried out to determine the value of the soil in each zone and to find out the average indication value as the value of the soil indication used as the value of the land in each zone of land value (ZNT). The modeling results become a formulation for estimating the value of land in the future period. Thematic maps of Land Value Zones are represented by administrative areas. The estimation model of land value perception is a formulation model of land value perception which is the result of the model from year to year which has been updated and tested for reliability. So it can be concluded that the model results are close to the actual land value perception pattern that occurs in the field. The results of this modeling can be used as a formulation for updating land market value data at the Land Offices of Jember Regency and Bondowoso Regency, so that it can be a method for optimizing regional income through land tax revenues which will be managed by Jember Regency and Bondowoso Regency.

Noninvasive preoperative differential diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: A retrospective cohort study of 240 patients

BackgroundXanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is an extremely rare entity. Due to XGC’s clinical and radiological resemblance to gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), intraoperative frozen section during cholecystectomy is often performed to exclude the diagnosis of GBC. Our study is aiming to find a noninvasive indicator of XGC. To our knowledge, this is the largest XGC cohort ever studied.MethodsThis study retrospectively collected clinical characteristics, serological tests, and imaging features of 150 GBC patients and 90 XGC patients. The diagnosis of these 150 GBC patients and 90 XGC patients was based on intraoperative frozen section histopathology. T‐test was utilized to compare differences between XGC and GBC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted and the area under the curve (AUC) was managed to evaluate the validity.ResultsThe carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in blood tests was significantly elevated in GBC patients than in XGC patients (p = 0.007). The presence of submucosal hypo‐attenuated nodules (80% in XGC, 16% in GBC, p < 0.001), low density border (60% in XGC, 21% in GBC, p = 0.001), and nodular thickening in the bottom of the gallbladder with calcification (70% in XGC, 37% in GBC, p = 0.004) is significantly associated with XGC patients, whereas massive hilar infiltration (0% in XGC, 21% in GBC, p < 0.001), multiple lymph nodes in the hilar area (10% in XGC, 72% in GBC, p = 0.001), and gallbladder mucosal line continuity (50% in XGC, 95% in GBC, p = 0.002) are highly associated with GBC patients. The ROC curve was performed and the gallbladder mucosal line continuity (AUC = 0.708) and the AUC of low density border around the occupation (AUC = 0.654) showed a good prediction of XGC.ConclusionsGallbladder mucosal line continuity and low density border around the occupation presented good indication value for the diagnosis of XGC. Our study proposed a noninvasive differential diagnosis method for XGC and GBC.

Study Of The Making Of Land Value Zone Map Based On The Market Price To Update Land Value In Central Government Areas ( Case Study: Mejayan Sub-District, Madiun Regency)

Based on Government Regulation number 3 of 2019 concerning an amendment to regulation number 52 of 2010, the Government of Madiun Regency relocates of the capital city of Madiun Regency from the Madiun City area to Caruban City located in the Mejayan SubDistrict. With the relocation of the capital city of Madiun Regency in the Mejayan Sub-District, the region is increasingly strategic with developments. Development in this region, triggering influence on changes in land values. This study aims to make of land value zone map in the Mejayan Sub-District, to update land value information in Mejayan Sub-District using a comparative market approach and the final process of this study to analyze the effect of distance of public facilities on land values in the sorrounding area, using spatial buffering analysis. The results show that the highest average indication value (NIR) in the C4 zone is IDR 3.597.668 / m2 and the lowest average indication value (NIR) in the A8 zone is IDR 134.950 / m2 and Spatial buffering analysis on land value zone map, The results showed that the zone located at a radius of 1 kilometer from public facilities, namely the Central Government Office Area of Madiun Regency and the Caruban Railway Station had higher land values than the zone within a radius of 2 kilometers and a radius of 3 kilometers. As for the results of spatial buffering from the Gemblung Traditional Market, it appears that the zone located at a radius of 3 kilometers from the market results has a higher land value than the zone within a radius of 1 kilometer and a radius of 2 kilometers because at a radius of 3 kilometers it has better accessibility. Other factors that affect land value are accessibility, land position, and type of land use.

Analysis of Tax Object Sale Value (NJOP) and Land Value Change On Integrated Zoning Area (Study Case: Pakal and Benowo District, Surabaya City)

The urban development generally will only be focused on certain areas as a center of business and government activities. This causes unbalanced situation at certain areas. The Government of Surabaya City then released Surabaya City’s Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD 2016-2021) which stated that the Surabaya City has a strategic area that has the potential to be developed sustainably to support the existence of the development of urban areas in the future. One of them is the integrated area of West Surabaya which located at Pakal and Benowo District. The changes of land value can be analyzed through Land Value Zone Map (ZNT) of 2016 as the beginning period of the RPJMD that has been overlaid with ZNT map of 2020 as the current land value condition and then visualized in thematic maps in the form of bar charts, choropleth and bivariate maps. From this study 66 new land value zones were produced according to land characteristics with the highest Average Indication Value (NIR) Zone in the RKB1 which is Rp 26.623.238/ m2 with range of NJOP Rp 23.000.000 - Rp 31.000.000.While the lowest zone is at KMP4 zone with NIR Rp 1.587.922/m2 and range of NJOP Rp 1.490.000 - Rp 1.655.000. Changes of land values in the districts of Pakal and Benowo as Integrated Areas of West Surabaya have increased significantly each year. The highest increase was in the RKB1 zone that located in Sememi Sub-district with 5537,724% of land value changes. While the lowest increase was in the KMP4 zone that located in Pakal Subdistricts with 50,5% of land value changes. Through buffering analysis of some publict fasilities objects in Pakal and Benowo Districts, it is known that the development carried out by the government of these objects affects the increase of land value around them.

Indication and prognostic value of second transurethral resection in bladder cancer patients

: Second look transurethral resection of the bladder (re-TURB) is nowadays mandatory for high-grade (HG) non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); being recommended by all available guidelines. Nonetheless, its staging value as well as the ability to improve oncological outcomes of patients is debatable. Therefore, our aim is to evaluate current indications and prognostic value of re-TURB, trying to elucidate its current role in managing HG NMIBC. A Medline non-systematic review was performed including articles published in the last two decades, article selection was based on clinical significance only. At present, TURB appears frequently inadequate in removing all the cancerous tissue and in retrieving a correct diagnosis. Re-TURB maximizes staging accuracy, residual cancer removal and possibly improves prognosis. It seems also to provide therapeutic benefit by improving recurrence-and progression-free survivals. Nonetheless, few recent large studies evidenced that in case of presence of the detrusor muscle in the specimen of the first TURB those benefits are limited. The advent of new resection technologies such as en bloc resection and new endoscopic technology seem to improve the quality of first TURB making re-TURB sometimes useless. In lights of this, the development of methods or algorithms able to select patients for re-TURB may be the preferable way to reduce this procedure that remains, at present the common rule.

PEMUTAKHIRAN NILAI INDIKASI RATA-RATA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP BESARAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN (Studi Di Kabupaten Blitar)

Land as the object of Land and Property of Rural and Urban Tax (PBB-P2) has always changed in value from time to time. Considering the land value as the basis for the imposition of PBB-P2, the land value in a certain period needs to be updated, so the determination of the amount of PBB-P2 is in accordance with the actual land value. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of change of the Average Indication Value (NIR) before and after updating and to determine the effect of the updating NIR on the PBB-P2. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained through observation and documentation. The updating results show that the NIR and the Tax Object Sales Value (NJOP) in each Land Value Zone (ZNT) as a whole have increased, and the increase in NIR is higher than NJOP. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test on NIR changes before and after updating show a significant increase before and after updating. The PBB-P2 determination based on land valuation with NIR results is greater than the land valuation method using NJOP. NIR is better to represent land value in accordance with prevailing market conditions

Lepidopteran fauna of the city of Karaganda

In the article the results of investigation of the species composition of Lepidoptera in city of Karaganda are presented. Studies were conducted in urban parks, squares, courtyards and areas around Karaganda city. Representatives of 11 families, 35 species were identified. The bio indication value of Lepidoptera in monitoring researches is due to their significant role and large biomass in the natural communities, rapid change of the generation, high fecundity and sensitivity to a big number of anthropogenic impact. According to preliminary data, the butterflies of the families Nimphalidae, Satyridae were the most numerous. Background species are Nymphalis urtical L., Melitaea didyma, Hyponephele lycaon Rott. Small and decorating nature species have been identified. In result was made the booklets, which called «Rare and endangered butterflies of the Central Kazakhstan» for the Museum of Nature of E.A. Buketov Karagandа State University. These species must be monitored in the Karaganda city. Refined data on species are pests. Some species are recommended for collecting and training in summer subject schools or at Universities in entomology classes. Further, it is planned to study the distribution of Lepidoptera in the city.

Research on a Bluetooth Low Energy Warning Method

With the development of society, intelligent terminal equipment is used more and more widely. The use of intelligent terminals to locate children’s position, to ensure that children are in a safe and controllable range, is more favored by parents. But now the smart watch needs to install the mobile phone card, which depends on the mobile phone traffic to locate, and the cost is relatively high. This paper proposes a Bluetooth low energy warning method to solve this problem. The distance between the two devices is calculated by the signal strength indication value received by the intelligent terminal, and then compare the preset received signal strength indication value with the received signal strength indication value, as well as the preset distance value and the calculated distance value of the two devices. When the received signal strength indication value is less than the preset value or the distance between the devices exceeds any of the preset values, the wireless device and the intelligent terminal will send an alarm at the same time to remind the two sides wearing the intelligent terminal and the Bluetooth device that the distance between the two sides has exceeded the safety value. The Bluetooth low energy warning method proposed in this paper has the characteristics of low cost and low energy consumption.

Clinical and pathological features of 124 patients with indistinguishable sellar lesions and central diabetes insipidus

BackgroundSellar lesions with central diabetes insipidus have a wide range of causes, and diagnosis is relatively difficult. The indication and clinical value of biopsy are still controversial. ObjectiveTo describe the etiology, demographic characteristics, manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging findings of this disease and to explore the clinical value and safety of endoscopic transsphenoidal biopsy. MethodsRetrospective analysis of 124 patients with sellar lesions and central diabetes insipidus who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal biopsy at the Neurosurgery Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, from 2011 to 2019. ResultsThe main etiology includes congenital diseases, inflammatory/infectious diseases and tumor diseases. The most common diseases were germ cell tumors, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphocytic hypophysitis, and Rathke's cleft cysts. Except for the age at the time of biopsy of patients with tumor diseases, which was significantly lower than that of the other two, the other clinical manifestations of the three types of diseases were not significantly different. Among the 124 patients, biopsy was performed via an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for 101 with intrasellarly available lesions or via an endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach for 23 with intrasellarly unavailable lesions. 6 patients had central nervous system infections after surgery, and 3 had cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, of which 2 were surgically repaired. These incidences were basically the same as those of classic surgery. 2 patients had worse visual acuity, 2 had worse visual field, and 2 had worse eye movement. Excepting one patient, all of whom have recovered after treatment. ConclusionsNoninvasive examination is difficult for identifying the common causes of this type of disease. Endoscopic transsphenoidal biopsy is relatively safe and effective, helps doctors to select the best treatment for patients, and is worth promoting.

Validating the surgical indication value of the LTB-S classification system for drug resistant tuberculosis

BackgroundCurrently there is no guideline based on preoperative clinical parameters for assessing the prognosis of the adjunctive surgery for drug-resistant tuberculosis. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 138 patients who had undergone surgical resection as a treatment for drug- resistant tuberculosis after 24 months. Four clinical parameters on lesion type, treatment history, body physiological status, and surgery approach were evaluated. Categorical preoperative clinical parameters were analyzed by ordinal logistic regression model when considering postoperative complications as outcomes ordered in terms of severity. Statistically significant parameters were then combined in a single classification system for predicting the outcomes of the adjunctive surgery. FindingsDiffused, progressive bilateral lesions, or active/progressive extra pulmonary tuberculosis (L3), and history of less than 2 months treatment before surgery (T3) were the strongest predicative parameters for postoperative complications and for surgery failure. Classification systems based on the four parameters were found to have a statistically significant effect on postoperative complications and postoperative efficacy. 24- month follow up indicated a high cure rate (above 95.5%) among patients without T3, L3, or severe physiological complications (B3). InterpretationA classification system based on objective clinical parameters showed predicative value for the prognosis of the adjunctive surgery and could guide management of drug-resistant Tuberculosis.

Regeneration gap and microsite niche partitioning in a high alpine forest: Are Norway spruce seedlings more drought-tolerant than beech seedlings?

Mixed mountain forests composed of Picea abies, Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica represent one of the most important alpine ecosystems with respect to economics, environmental effects and social functions. However, many stands are characterised by even-aged forest structure and altered tree species composition, making them more prone to disturbances and less effective in protection against natural hazards. Changes to the forest microclimate and nutrient cycling delay natural regeneration and favour the successional development of ground vegetation. In this study we hypothesized that the creation of gaps of appropriate size and shape would facilitate natural regeneration and forest conversion. In 2003, we selected 15 gaps, ranging in size from 0.01 to 0.62 ha and more than 50 years in age, and three areas below closed canopy on a south facing P. abies dominated mixed mountain forest (1380–1480 m a.s.l.). Within the gaps we established 542 systematically distributed research plots (1.5 × 1.5 m) and analysed regeneration attributes according to height classes, ground vegetation coverage, light climate, topsoil moisture, microsite relief and soil features. Measurements were repeated after five vegetation seasons and indicated minimal changes in vegetation structure and the slow development of regeneration overall. Vegetation ordination and generalized linear mixed models showed a positive association of P. abies seedling abundance with diffuse light, thickness of the organic horizons, presence of CWD and moss coverage and a negative association with ground vegetation cover, soil water content, Landolt indication value for nutrients and direct light. Fagus sylvatica seedlings were more abundant closer to seed trees, on less acidic soils with higher moisture content and on concave microrelief. The results indicate that P. abies and F. sylvatica seedlings may successfully establish under slightly open forest canopies, but in a few years the former require amounts of diffuse light comparable with that in the medium sized gaps in this study (0.15 ha). Due to the negative association between direct light and regeneration, gaps should be elliptical with the long axis oriented east-west. Recruitment of all species was significantly retarded by overbrowsing.