Indian Perspective Research Articles

Decoding food losses in pulses trade: proposing sustainable solutions from an Indian perspective

ABSTRACT Food losses are a critical concern for economic, social, and environmental sustainability within logistics systems. This paper quantifies food losses in India's pulses trade, examining specific cases and identifying causes and stages of losses in the international food supply chain. Focusing on sustainable development goals, it offers insights into food losses in internationally traded cargo (pulses), which rank second in the FAO-Food Loss Index and are India's second-largest imported food product. Using a descriptive research methodology, the study unravels the complexities of food losses in India's pulse supply chain. Primary data were collected via questionnaires from 130 importing firms and supply chain professionals, supplemented by secondary sources. Purposive sampling guided data collection from April 2023 to May 2024, involving virtual and physical stakeholder interactions. The comprehensive analysis provides strategies to mitigate food losses, laying the groundwork for improvements in India and other developing countries.

Bridging the Gap: Holistic Management of Destitute Patients in Hospital Settings: A Global and Indian Perspective

Bridging the Gap: Holistic Management of Destitute Patients in Hospital Settings: A Global and Indian Perspective

Processing, Value Addition and Post-Harvest Technology of Tomato: A Scoping Review on Global and Indian Perspective

India, with its favorable climatic conditions, is a major producer of tomatoes, ranking second globally. However, the tomato processing sector in India is underdeveloped, with only 1% of the produce being processed compared to developed nations such as Italy (64.02%), Spain (39.41%) and the United States (10.34%). Of the more than 180 million tonnes of tomatoes produced annually, around 40 million tonnes are processed. India's substantial tomato output, which occurs primarily in the winter, has made it a prominent participant in the global tomato processing industry. This would help the Indian market utilize tomato-based goods throughout the off-season. Lycopene, a beneficial compound, is found to be higher in processed tomato products compared to fresh tomatoes. Prominent companies in the Indian tomato processing industry include Hindustan Unilever, Nestle India, Mother Dairy, and Dabur India. Despite the potential, the sector faces challenges such as inadequate processing facilities and limited varieties suitable for processing, leading to substantial post-harvest losses. The demand for tomato-processed products in India has been increasing at 30% annually in recent years, with a rising variety of products being offered. Increased support, improved supply chain management, and adoption of advanced processing techniques could reduce wastage, add value, and enable India to become a prominent player in the global tomato processing industry. With the adoption of modern technologies such as automated sorting, grading, and cold storage facilities, the efficiency of the tomato processing industry can improve. This would reduce post-harvest losses and ensure better quality control.

THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN THE EASTERN INDIAN FRINGES: THE CASE OF TRIPURA

From the dawn of human civilization, the history of mankind has recorded multiple events of conflicts, battles & wars. But it has never witnessed something destructive & devasting like World War II (1939 -1945). This global conflict between Allied & Axis powers lasted for 2191 days, involving as many as 110 million armed soldiers from 72 nations. At least 50 million people lost their lives in this great war among them 28 million were innocent civilians. Major cities across Europe and Asia, including Berlin, London, Warsaw, Tokyo, and Hiroshima, were extensively bombed and reduced to rubble. In the initial stage, the war was only confined to European nations though their colonies in Asia & Africa were indirectly affected severely. But with time, the African colonies caught fire from this war and in later stages, it spread all over Asia. India, being a British colony at that time was pushed into the war by its colonial masters who looked over the will of Indian masses. The British Government exploited India's valuable resources and labour force for the War preparations. The heat of the war also reached Tripura, a small princely state under the British Suzerainty. The involvement of Japan in the Second World War and its hasty advancement on the eastern front changed the whole scenario of the war from the Indian perspective. The fall of Burma at the hands of the Japanese brought the war to the very door of India. As a result, Tripura and the northeastern region fell under the direct threat of the Japanese offensive. In this paper, I have attempted to sketch a picture of Princely Tripura of that time concerning the Second World War. Here I have discussed extensively about the threat of Japanese invasion, economic strains, military organizations, war preparations, and other administrative activities in the state, all centred around the Second World War. In the middle of the war, the Congress-led ‘Augst movement’ or ‘Quite India movement’ increased difficulties for the trouble-torn British Raj. The turmoil created all over the country by the ‘Quite India Movement’ also impacted the state of Tripura. Here I also tried to track down the events related to the ‘Quite India Movement’ in Tripura during the war and how the ruling class of princely Tripura met those challenges. In a nutshell, through this paper, an attempt has been made to shed light on the relevant events, that took place in princely Tripura during the Second World War and analyse different events & developments related to it from various socio-economic and political aspects. Nevertheless, this paper is a small initiative for the history enthusiast to enhance the understanding of the role of Tripura in a global phenomenon like World War II and to reconstruct the events in a systematic way to conduct further study. KEYWORDS: Allied power, Axis power, Tripura, British suzerainty, Northeastern India, Invasion, Burma.

BIMSTEC: BAY OF BENGAL INITIATIVE FOR MULTI-SECTORAL TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION: SWOT ANALYSIS FROM INDIAN PERSPECTIVES

The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is a regional organization comprising seven member states: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Multi-sectoral cooperation can be seen in the case of BIMSTEC, which is the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation. Thus, this paper aims to analyze a comprehensive SWOT analysis of BIMSTEC based on the Indian perspective. They cover India's strategic considerations related to geopolitics, economic cooperation, energy security, and soft power. Finally, the literature review reveals that the tag is inclined towards the advancement of technology, the need for strong institutional frameworks, and competent ways of eradicating economic imbalance among the member nations. Based on the study, it can be concluded that there are inherent opportunities for cooperation within BIMSTEC, but the issues of geopolitical competition, problems with the organization's management, and political unpredictability should be solved. Finally, the paper provides suggestions to make BIMSTEC a more effective organization with a better institutional basis to support members, inclusive growth for the region's people, better connectivity, optimum use of energy resources, and target environmental conservation. Therefore, India has a significant opportunity to ensure turning BIMSTEC into an active and efficient organization, which will help to provide stability, security, and further developments in the South Asian region in the Bay of Bengal.

An Indian Perspective on the Management of Adolescent Ovarian Cancer

An Indian Perspective on the Management of Adolescent Ovarian Cancer

Job Opportunities in Various Field for Criminology Graduates: Indian Perspective

ABSTRACT The study explores the wide range of career options available to criminology graduates in India, focusing on both traditional fields and emerging ones that have developed due to technological, sociopolitical, and economic changes. Employers in areas such as public policy, corporate security, intelligence, and the criminal justice system are increasingly seeking criminology graduates. In this evolving job market, these graduates face both opportunities and challenges, as employers demand specific skills, practical experience, and real-world knowledge from new candidates. This research provides a thorough analysis of how criminology graduates can adapt to the Indian job market and offers targeted recommendations for curriculum reform, industry collaborations, and government initiatives to enhance employability. Drawing from both international and Indian studies, the paper highlights how technological advancements and contemporary security needs have shaped employment patterns in India’s private sector and its criminal justice system.

How to transform census towns into economic growth engines: an Indian (Pune) perspective

How to transform census towns into economic growth engines: an Indian (Pune) perspective

A survey on management practices of hypotension in preterm neonates: an Indian perspective.

Hypotension is a common entity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and is reported in 24%-50% of preterm infants with birth weight less than 1,500 g. Rapid diagnosis and aggressive management is crucial to reduce its detrimental effects on end-organs especially the brain. Physicians often rely on blood pressure alone as a reliable indicator of tissue perfusion, but variations exist in the definition of this crucial parameter. There are also practice variations in the use of diagnostic tools and management modalities among physicians. A physician-based cross-sectional survey of management practices of hypotension in preterm neonates in Indian NICUs was conducted using an online survey tool. The questionnaire addressed diagnostic criteria used, utility of echocardiography for the assessment of hypotension, and management strategies used, such as volume expansion, inotropes and steroids. Three hundred and twenty physicians, working predominantly in Level III NICUs, responded to the survey. The practice of delayed cord clamping was followed in the units of 78% respondents. Only 44% respondents had an institutional written protocol for the management of hypotension. The criteria for the diagnosis of hypotension varied, with 52% using mean blood pressure (BP) less than gestational age as the criteria. Capillary refill time, blood pressure and heart rate were the most common clinical criteria used. 85% respondents used echocardiography in the NICU, but only 73% utilised it for assessment of a hypotensive neonate. Physicians preferred a 'volume-inotrope-echo-steroid' strategy, with 85% respondents using volume expansion. Dopamine was the preferred first line inotrope, followed by norepinephrine and low-dose epinephrine. This survey reflects significant variations in practice amongst neonatal physicians in India. Bedside targeted echocardiography needs to be better utilised as a vital tool to determine the pathophysiology of disease and hemodynamic monitoring in the management of hypotension in neonates. While further research is needed on outcome-oriented objectives, awareness and dissemination of already existing guidelines would be useful to standardize clinical practice.

Mellowing down the rigour of the concept of ‘trans‐border reputation’ to accommodate bona fide domestic use: The Indian and Sri Lankan perspectives

AbstractIn this era of global trade and digital communication, where geographical borders between states have become virtually redundant, the ‘aura’ of well‐known trademarks easily transgresses national borders. As an upshot of this, the reputation and goodwill attached to well‐known trademarks have become less and less commensurate with the territorial boundaries of individual states. This raises the question of whether strict adherence to the bedrock principle of ‘territoriality’ is both apt and justifiable in the backdrop of modern commerce—not only from a trademark holder's perspective but also from a consumer‐centric viewpoint. Although the judicially crafted concept of ‘trans‐border reputation’ is often hailed as a promising solution to this problem; sometimes it postulates a too‐liberal approach to protecting the interests of the foreign trademark owners. Most significantly, the concern has been raised that the application of an unbridled doctrine of ‘trans‐border reputation’ may unduly thwart the interests of local entrepreneurs. Thus, the argument that the ‘priority of innocent use’ by a local trader should not be superseded by the trans‐border reputation of a foreign well‐known trademark cannot be easily ignored. This paper aims to critically evaluate the application of the trans‐border reputation concept within the Indian and Sri Lankan legal landscapes, discussing in detail the implications of the landmark cases determined by the Indian and Sri Lankan judiciaries. Most importantly, it seeks to introduce a mechanism for minimizing prejudice to the bona fide domestic users of marks, by employing ‘bad faith’ as a balancing tool.

Statement of Retraction: Democratisation of the United Nations: An Indian Perspective

Statement of Retraction: Democratisation of the United Nations: An Indian Perspective

Nexus Between Stock Return and Market Volatility in Indian Perspective

This research seeks to explore the volatility patterns for the SENSEX index to figure out the characteristics of volatility in Indian stock trading and to investigate the relationship between returns and volatility of the Indian market for the last ten years. The research adds to the existing knowledge about stock market fluctuations, their implications for investors, and their impact on developing the country's economy. The study involves using daily returns data from BSE SENSEX from 01 Jan 2014 to 31 Dec 2023. Daily closing prices are obtained from the official website of BSE, and returns are calculated based on these prices. The Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-perron are taken to make the time series static. ARCH, GARCH, and GARCH-M tests are utilized to capture volatility clustering, return and volatility relationship. The results reveal that Fluctuations in the Indian stock market, particularly shown in the SENSEX index of the BSE, were highest in the year 2020. Findings suggest that GARCH-M does not show any relation between expected returns and market volatility. The risk-premium parameter is positive but statistically insignificant. If you want to hedge against risk, the risk premium is not very high. It means that taking risks does not give you more returns. Durbin Watson's value of 1.981401 further supports the model's suitability.Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Use of strain imaging to detect subtle myocardial involvement in post COVID-19 patients: An Indian perspective

BackgroundThe study assessed Global longitudinal strain imaging (GLS) to detect subtle myocardial dysfunction among patients clinically recovered from COVID-19. MethodsAll patients (n = 101 76 % males, mean age 55.45 ± 11.14 years), and controls (n = 30), underwent clinical assessment and echocardiography, including GLS assessment. ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia was comparable amongst patients and controls. The average GLS was significantly lesser in post COVID patients (−16.21 ± 1.96 vs −18.49 ± 1.64 respectively, p = 0.004) and significantly higher proportion of post COVID patients had GLS > -18 % (43 % vs 22.58 % respectively, p = 0.001) as compared to controls. The RV free wall longitudinal strain (RVFLS) was also lower in the patient group (22.35 ± 4.69 vs 24.19 ± 4.11, p = 0.004) and 21.7 % post COVID-19 patients had pathological RV FWLS (> −20 %) vs controls (6.6 %).Average GLS was significantly lesser in severe post COVID patients (viz −14.25 ± 1.92 vs −16.63 ± 1.61 vs −17.63 ± 1.91, p < 0.0001, respectively among severe, moderate and mild COVID-19 patients. On performing regression analysis, severity of COVID-19 (OR 7.762) was a significant predictor of impaired GLS. ConclusionDespite normal global LVEF, post COVID-19 recovered patients had significantly lower LV GLS and RV FWLS with severe COVID-19 infection, regardless of having a clinical recovery. This study reiterates the importance of speckle tracking echocardiography as an important imaging modality for detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in the post COVID-19 recovered patients.

English Language Teaching (ELT): Analysing Strategies and Challenges from the Indian Perspective

English Language Teaching (ELT): Analysing Strategies and Challenges from the Indian Perspective

Refugees, Citizenship and the Laws : An Indian Perspective

Refugees, Citizenship and the Laws : An Indian Perspective

Clinicopathological Study of Herpes Simplex Esophagitis in a Tertiary Centre in India

Introduction and objectives: Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common viral pathogen, known to cause symptomatic disease in the immunocompromised hosts; however, it may occur in healthy individuals as well. Among the varied manifestations of the disease, involving skin, central nervous system and gastrointestinal systems, HSV esophagitis is a less studied entity from the Indian perspective. The aim of the study is to compare clinical, histologic and serologic data of HSV esophagitis patients. Materials and methods: 27 cases, proved to have HSV esophagitis on endoscopic biopsy were included, and the pertinent clinical and serologic characteristics were studied. Results: We found a male preponderance (p&lt;0.01), which has been a well-established risk factor. Other risk factors are retroviral coinfection, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, immunosuppression, chemoradiation etc. among others. Eleven patients had retroviral coinfection, with CD4 counts of &gt; 200/μL in all. Anti HSV 1 IgM antibody was most commonly detected on serology. HSV esophagitis affects immunocompromised patients more often than immunocompetent ones. Odynophagia and dysphagia are the most common symptoms. Histological evaluation for the characteristic inclusions helps in early diagnosis. The novelty of this study rests on the clinicopathological and serologic correlation, for a better understanding of the disease process, to prompt future large scale studies on the same. Conclusion: Herpes simplex esophagitis is most seen in immunocompromised patients. Apart from retroviral illness, other risk factors include diabetes mellitus, patients undergoing chemotherapy and other malignancy. CD4 counts in our series was &gt;200/μL, in contrast to the cutoff of &lt;200/μL described in literature.

Comparison of Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Deep Learning Models to Estimate the Productivity of Organised Manufacturing Sector - Indian Perspective

The production function defines the output of a firm, industry, or economy based on various combinations of inputs. This study focuses on estimating the production function of India's manufacturing sector and determining the relationship between its inputs and outputs. To predict the output, measured as Gross Value Added (GVA), the study applies the Cobb Douglas Production Function (CDPF) along with several deep learning techniques, including Feedforward, Recurrent, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional LSTM networks. Model performance is evaluated using metrics like Mean Square Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The results indicate that the Cobb Douglas Production Function outperforms the deep learning models in predicting GVA for the organized manufacturing sector in India.

Comparative assessment of global warming potential of gasoline, battery, and hybrid vehicles in India

This study reports a comparative analysis of life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG, CO2-eq.) emissions of three fuel-type vehicles, viz. internal combustion engine (ICEVs), battery electric (BEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), from an Indian perspective. Vehicles in hatchback and compact sports utility vehicles (SUVs) categories were analyzed. GHG emissions in fuel life cycle (well-to-tank and tank-to-wheel) and vehicle life cycle were estimated using data from websites of OEMs and ministries of Government of India, and the GREET software. The vehicle life cycle constitutes a smaller fraction (15–20 %) of total life cycle GHG emissions for ICEVs and HEVs compared to BEVs (∼35 %). The vehicle cycle emissions of BEVs are higher than ICEV and HEV in both categories (52–63 % for hatchback and approx. 45 % for compact SUV). The fuel cycle emissions of BEVs are smaller than ICEV and HEV in both categories (29–34 % for hatchback and 32–40 % for compact SUV). The total life cycle GHG emissions of BEVs were lower than ICEV and HEV (15–17 % in hatchback and 17–25 % in compact SUV category) for the 2023 energy mix in India with a significant share of thermal route. With anticipated doubling of renewable energy sources in India by 2030, the total life cycle GHG emission of BEV will decrease by approximately 20 %. However, sensitivity analysis revealed that BEVs produce higher GHG emissions than ICEVs and HEVs until a minimum lifetime travel distance. Thermal power plant efficiency and battery lifespan also influence BEVs lifetime GHG emissions.

Development of AI model for gender differences in bicycle mobility of green urban areas for recreational and educational institutions of cycling behaviour, patterns and constraints of regular cyclists for Chandigarh city—an Indian perspective

Development of AI model for gender differences in bicycle mobility of green urban areas for recreational and educational institutions of cycling behaviour, patterns and constraints of regular cyclists for Chandigarh city—an Indian perspective

Moving toward employees' flourishing-at-work, an Indian perspective

PurposeThis study explores the pivotal relationship between humble leadership (HL) and flourishing-at-work (FAW) in the context of the information technology-enabled services (ITes) industry. Specifically, it explores the mediating role of psychological empowerment (PE) and the moderating influence of proactive personality (PP) in this dynamic interplay.Design/methodology/approachData from a comprehensive survey of 342 full-time employees from information technology-enabled services (ITes) organizations in India were meticulously analyzed. Utilizing covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) in IBM AMOS 21.0.FindingsThe results illuminate the positive impact of HL on PE, subsequently enhancing FAW among employees. Furthermore, PE was identified as a partial mediator in the relationship between HL and FAW. Intriguingly, this mediation process was found to be significantly stronger when employees exhibited a higher degree of proactive personality.Practical implicationsThis research underscores the critical importance of cultivating humble leadership within organizations. The findings emphasize the potential of targeted training programs aimed at nurturing humble leadership qualities among managerial staff. By doing so, organizations can significantly contribute to the emotional, psychological and social well-being of their employees, ultimately fostering a state of FAW.Originality/valueThis research innovatively links the concepts of humble leadership and FAW within the specific context of the ITes industry. By integrating PE as a mediator and PP as a moderator, this study not only fills a critical gap in existing literature but also provides a robust framework for future research.