Independent Variables Research Articles

Development of a new damping ratio prediction model for recycled aggregate concrete: Incorporating modified admixtures and carbonation effects

Abstract Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) has been widely used in practical engineering construction. However, the ability of buildings to resist wind-induced vibration and earthquake effects plays an important role in building safety. It is urgent to ensure that recycled concrete still has good anti-vibration ability within the allowable strength range. By conducting damping tests on recycled concrete specimens, the results show that the damping performance of RAC is better improved compared with natural aggregate concrete. Moreover, the influence of internal factors of recycled aggregates and external environmental conditions on damping performance can be determined, and corresponding damping ratio prediction models can be constructed. However, the current prediction models still have limitations in theory and practice. The existing damping ratio prediction models have a large span of independent variables and do not consider the gradual carbonation effect in the actual environment over time. To overcome these limitations, a new damping ratio prediction model is proposed. Based on the replacement rate of recycled aggregates (RAs) and the amplitude of excitation force, the influence of modified admixtures and carbonation on damping performance is considered, and the corresponding model prediction formula is constructed. In addition, the influence mechanism is further demonstrated and explained from the macroscopic aspect of specimen profile and the microscopic aspect of electron microscopy tests. It is found that, considering both strength and cost factors, recycled concrete still has good damping performance when the replacement rate of recycled aggregates (RAs) is 40%.

The Effect of Health Education With Educational Video on Knowledge and Attitude of Community About Basic Life Support

Introduction: Quick and appropriate help when met an unconscious person is important to providing Basic Life Support (BLS). Knowledge and Attitude about BLS are very important in order to provide quick assistance of cardiac arrest. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of providing health education with video on people's knowledge and Attitude about BLS. Methods: The study used a quasy-experimental design by intervening in a group and then observed. This research was conducted on the community who became Kader in Perak, Surabaya. Total sample of 64 respondents obtained through total sampling technique. The independent variable is video-based health education. Dependent variable is knowledge and attitude about BLS. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by the Wilcoxon sign test and Mann whitney u test with a significance of p < 0.05. Results: The results showed an increase in knowledge and Attitude in the intervention group after being given educational videos with (p = 0.001) and Attitude with (p = 0.006). The results of the test with Mann Whitney showed that there was an average difference between the intervention group and the control group with significant results in knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.000). Conclusion: To improve people's knowledge about basic life support can be obtained from electronic media regarding knowledge about basic life support. It is hoped that it can provide knowledge of basic life support and can apply or assist in life-threatening emergencies in the home environment. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used as a reference for further research by adding other variables and before the research, researchers are expected to prepare research instruments according to the standards of the instruments that will be used, such as: phantom CPR according to standards.

Alternating Conditional Expectations: Introducing a Non‐Parametric Statistical Method to Interpret Long‐Term Greenhouse Gas Flux Measurements Over Semi‐Arid and Wetland Ecosystems

AbstractWe explore the potential of using a non‐parametric statistical method called Alternating Conditional Expectations, ACE, to quantify functional relationships in biogeosciences. Here, ACE is used to quantify the non‐linear and multi‐faceted responses of greenhouse gas fluxes to a set of biophysical forcings, when the shapes of those response surfaces are unknown. We evaluated the statistical method over two contrasting ecosystems and two contrasting time steps. One case involved quantifying the biophysical controls of water vapor and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes over a semi‐arid oak savanna using daily integrated fluxes. The other case evaluated the responses of CO2 and methane (CH4) flux measurements to a set of biophysical forcings at a restored tidal wetland using thirty‐minute averages. The statistical model, based on 4 independent variables, explained up over 90% of the variation in daily integrated flux densities of water vapor and net carbon dioxide exchange at the savanna site. This fit was defined by distinct non‐linear responses to such drivers as gross primary production, photosynthetically active radiation, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit and soil moisture. At the tidal wetland site, we evaluated net carbon dioxide and methane fluxes with short‐term measurements to capture the influence of rising and falling tides and seasonality in biological activity. The statistical model defined the shape of the forcing of fluxes due to the roles of carbon exudates, water table depth, oxygen level in the water column, temperature and vegetation status. The statistical fits of the greenhouse gas fluxes were less precise than the savanna case. The fetch varies on a run‐to‐run basis as it is comprised of a heterogeneous mosaic of open water and vegetation. Furthermore, it is difficult to monitor the environmental conditions of the archaea and bacteria in the sediments that produce methane and carbon dioxide.

Behaviour Bias and Investment Decision in Nepalese Investors

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of behavioral biases, such as overconfidence, disposition effect, herding, risk aversion, and financial literacy, on investment decision making. The sample was collected using a convenient method, and 338 respondents participated in the study. The study utilized descriptive statistics, ANOVA, independent sample t-tests, correlation, and linear regression analysis to analyze the data. The findings of the study suggest that overconfidence, disposition effect, and risk aversion have a significant positive impact on investment decision making, while herding does not have a significant effect. Furthermore, the results indicate that financial literacy moderate’s overconfidence, disposition effect, risk aversion, and herding negatively. This implies that higher financial literacy levels can help mitigate the impact of these biases on investment decisions. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and financial institutions to develop policies and strategies aimed at improving financial literacy. It can be useful for researchers and the general public as well, as it provides a deeper understanding of the behaviour bias and investment decision. Future research can broaden the scope of the study by including new independent variables, such as loss aversion and confirmation bias. Additionally, future research can explore the moderating effect of other factors, such as age and gender, on the relationship between behavioral biases and investment decision-making. Overall, the study highlights the importance of understanding and managing behavioral biases in investment decision making, and suggests that increasing financial literacy can help individuals make more informed investment decisions.

Prediction of Physical Frailty at Hospital Discharge in Critically Ill Older Patients

Aim To investigate predicting factors for physical frailty development at hospital discharge in older patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods This case–control study focused on ICU-admitted patients aged ≥ 65 years. This study assessed several independent variables, including functional status score for the ICU, Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score, and handgrip strength at ICU discharge. Physical frailty was the primary outcome of this study. Results In total, 61 participants were included: 29 in the non-frailty group and 32 in the frailty group. Logistic regression analysis was used to extract only the MRC sum score at ICU discharge, with a cutoff score of 46 to predict physical frailty onset at hospital discharge. The functional status score for the ICU and handgrip strength were not extracted. Conclusions An MRC sum score ≤46 at hospital discharge can predict physical frailty in critically ill older patients admitted to the ICU.

The Effect of Health Education Using Uric Acid Diary Book (URICAB) on Dietary Compliance and Uric Acid Levels in Gout Arthritis Patients

Introduction: Gout arthritis is a non-communicable disease that continues to increase. The prevalence of gout in Indonesia is 7.30% because the adherence to an unbalanced diet. Therefore, innovation is needed to overcome the problems in gout arthritis patients. The Uric Acid Diary Book (URICAB) is a modification of the booklet media in supporting health education. URICAB contains information related to uric acid, diet lists, and diet diary tables. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education on URICAB media on dietary compliance and uric acid levels in gout arthritis patients. Methods: This study used the Quasy Experiment method pretest-posttest control group design with a population of 147 people and sample of 72 people. The independent variable is health education media URICAB, while the dependent variable is dietary adherence and uric acid levels in gout arthritis sufferers. The research instrument used blood samples and dietary compliance questionnaires. The data analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, Mann Whitney U Test, Paired Sample T Test, and Independent Sample T Test. Results: The results of the Mann-Whitney U Test obtained a value of p = 0.046 indicate that there are increasing dietary adherence. The results of the Independent Sample T Test obtained a value of p = 0.025 indicate that health education in URICAB media affected the reducing uric acid levels. Conclusion: URICAB media health education had significant effect to improve dietary adherence to the recommended diet and limiting high-purin diets and adherence to drinking as recommended by health workers and reduce uric acid levels.

The Relationship between Family Food Access and the Nutritional Status of Stunting Toddlers in Kupang Regency

Background: One part of improving the degree of health that is the responsibility of the government is through efforts to improve nutrition. Poor nutritional status is the impact of multisectoral problems, one of which is poor family food security. Adequate food security is needed as an effort to fulfill nutrition in order to improve nutritional status for the age group of toddlers and pregnant women. Seeing the high nutritional status of toddlers, especially in Kupang Regency, research will be conducted on the relationship between family food access and the nutritional status of stunted toddlers in Kupang Regency. Objective: Analyze the relationship between family food access and the nutritional status of stunted toddlers in Kupang Regency. Method: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross sectional approach and uses secondary data obtained from Yayasan Jaringan Peduli Masyarakat (JPM) Kupang. From this data, a total of 40 toddlers were obtained as research subjects spread across four research locations, namely Tesabela Village (n = 8), Lifuleo Village (n = 5), Sumlili Village (n = 10), and Bolok Village (n = 17). Anthropometric measurements are carried out by health workers and determine the type of nutritional status based on three measurement indices, namely Weight according to Age (BB / U), Height or Length according to Age (TB / U or PB / U), and Weight according to Height or Length (BB / TB or BB / PB). The study respondents were parents of toddlers of the study subjects. Data analysis was carried out non-parametric tests with Spearman's Rho correlation analysis to determine the relationship between family food access as a dependent variable and nutritional status in toddlers as an independent variable. Results: There was a significant relationship between family food access and nutritional status of stunted toddlers only in the measurement of the Weight According to Age index (p value = 0.016); in the other two indices there was no .......

Racial discrimination, knowledge, and health outcomes: The mediating role of hepatitis B-related stigma among patients with chronic hepatitis B.

It is well described in current literature that Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects Asian Americans more than any other racial group in the United States and that there is a stigma attached to this condition. The effects of stigma can be lasting, penetrating physiologically and psychologically, yet few studies have focused on the consequences of this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of stigma in the effect of racial discrimination and knowledge (of HBV sequelae) on health status of Korean Americans with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Three hundred sixty-five CHB patients were recruited and enrolled from two clinics in Philadelphia and Los Angeles. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Question-9 (PHQ-9), physical health via self-rated health survey and stigma via hepatitis B quality of life (HBQOL)-stigma survey. Perceived racial discrimination and knowledge of CHB sequelae were independent variables. The cohort had an average age of 60.1 years (range 19-84, SD 10.7), 56% were male and 94% were born in South Korea. Mediational analysis found that stigma was a significant mediator between both racial discrimination (indirect effect = .037, Bootstrap 95% CI = [.010-.064]) and sequelae knowledge (indirect effect = .097, Bootstrap 95% CI = [.018-.176]) and depressive symptoms. Stigma also had a direct effect on depressive symptoms (β = .136, p < .01) and self-rated health (β = .018, p < .05). In addition, age, gender, education and employment were related to health outcomes. The findings of this study indicate that HBV-related stigma is an important mediator of mental health outcomes in this population. Future studies should identify other psychosocial factors to develop effective intervention programs to reduce stigma and improve quality of life among CHB patients.

Health policy competencies in regional organizations: a retrospective analysis for 76 regional organizations from 1945 to 2015

BackgroundHealth policy competencies of regional organizations include mandates to create regional health laws and policies, as well as authorities that allow member states to undertake collective actions in the health field. The examination of the health policy competencies of regional organizations is essential, as it constitutes an important prerequisite for regional organizations to govern regional health. This study aims to map the development trajectory of health policy competencies in regional organizations worldwide and investigate their potential correlates. This will contribute to the enhanced promotion of both existing and new regional health cooperation.MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilized the health policy competencies of the 76 regional organizations worldwide from 1945 to 2015, as investigated in the Regional Organizations Competencies Database. By aggregating member state data from various sources such as the IHME Global Burden of Disease 2019, the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization, we extracted the mean values and coefficients of variation for the covariates in regional organization characteristics, socioeconomic and demographic factors, health status and health-system capacity. The correlation between changes in the health policy scope of regional organizations and independent variables was analyzed using Poisson pseudo-likelihood regression with multiple levels of fixed effects.ResultsFrom 1945 to 2015, the number of regional organizations with health policy competencies experienced a slow growth stage before 1991 and an explosive growth stage post-1991. By 2015, 48 out of the 71 existing regional organizations had developed their health policy competencies, yet 26 (54.2%) of these organizations possessed only 1–2 health policy competencies. An enhancement in the health policy scope of a regional organization correlated with its founding year, a greater number of policy fields, higher under-five mortality, and larger disparities in trade and healthcare access and quality indexes among member states. In contrast, larger disparities in population, under-five mortality and health worker density among member states, along with more hospital beds per capita, were negatively correlated with the expansion of a regional organization’s health policy scope.ConclusionSince 1991, there has been a surge of interest in health among regional organizations, although health remains a secondary priority for them. The health policy competencies of regional organizations are pivotal for promoting social equity within regional communities. Its establishment is also closely linked to the level and disparities among member states in aspects such as trade, population, child mortality rates, and health system capacity.

The Relationship Between Knowledge and Social Support With Disaster Preparedness Behaviors in Surabaya

Introduction: Active faults in Surabaya move at 0.05 millimeters per year, causing earthquakes. Disaster preparedness is crucial for safety, reducing risks, enhance capabilities, and mitigate the impact of disasters. This study analyzes the relationship between knowledge, social support, and earthquake preparedness in Surabaya using the Precede-Proceed model. Methods: The method used in this study was correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The total population of the study was 11,062 Ngagel residents, and a sample of 386 respondents from the Ngagel district was selected through purposive sampling. The independent variables in this study were knowledge and social support, while the dependent variable was the disaster preparedness behaviors of the local residents in facing earthquakes. The data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed with logistic regression tests with a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: The analysis results showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.000) and social support (p=0.000) with disaster preparedness behaviors. Conclusion: Knowledge and social support have a positive relationship with disaster preparedness behavior, indicating a direct correlation. It is hoped that future researchers can conduct research with a wider range and add other factors that can initiate maladaptive responses.

Development Model of Basic ECG Algorithm Interpretation based on Android Application to Increase Ability of Nurses

Introduction: ECG interpretation ability by nurses is still not appropriate, thus affecting the accuracy and speed of the next action that will be given to patients to reduce mortality. This study aimed to develop the use of an Android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application to improve the ability of nurse. Methods: Research development design to develop the Android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application. The sampling method used purposive sampling as many as 90 nurses in Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The independent variables were interpretation skills (rhythm, frequency, pacemaker, axis, extrasistole, block, enlargement of heart muscle, coronary heart disease, conclusion). The instruments that are used are ECG recording, ECG interpretation sheet, and focus group disscusion. The analysis used an independent t-test with a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of developing an ECG interpretation algorithm application based on the Android system have received recommendations from experts and feasibility tests have been carried out. There was a relationship between basic ECG interpretation capabilities with the use of an android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application. Increasing the ability of nurses had p value of 0,000. Conclusion: The application of an ECG interpretation algorithm based on an android system can improve nurses' abilities in interpreting basic ECG. For future researchers, it is necessary to develop and refine the Android system-based ECG interpretation algorithm application and this can be applied on a case-by-case basis.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR IN MALAYSIA

The introduction of the Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance has been progressively updated since its inception in the year 2000 and the latest update in the year 2021, proves that the government of Malaysia has been serious in regulating to ensure that the companies in Malaysia have been compliant with good corporate governance practices. Observing that it is an evergreen issue and to have more updated research, this study evaluates factors that could influence the effectiveness of corporate governance of five pharmaceutical companies listed in Malaysia and its relationship with the financial performance for the period of 2017 - 2021. The methodologies that have been employed for this study are descriptive statistics, non-parametric correlations, scatter plots and regression linear. The findings reveal that variables of board size, board independence, and disclosure of sustainability reports have correlations with the financial performance measured by the return on assets. However, the disclosure of sustainability reports is the only variable that has a significant correlation with ROA whereas board size and board independence do not possess similar relationships. For a better representation of the results’ precision and robust findings, it is recommended to have a longer study period than five years and a larger sample size by extending it to other sectors.

On the stochastic bifurcations regarding random iterations of polynomials of the form

Abstract In this paper, we consider random iterations of polynomial maps $z^{2} + c_{n}$ , where $c_{n}$ are complex-valued independent random variables following the uniform distribution on the closed disk with center c and radius r. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we study the (dis)connectedness of random Julia sets. Here, we reveal the relationships between the bifurcation radius and connectedness of random Julia sets. Second, we investigate the bifurcation of our random iterations and give quantitative estimates of bifurcation parameters. In particular, we prove that for the central parameter $c = -1$ , almost every random Julia set is totally disconnected with much smaller radial parameters r than expected. We also introduce several open questions worth discussing.

Explosion and non-explosion for the continuous-time frog model

We consider the continuous-time frog model on Z. At time t=0, there are η(x) particles at x∈Z, each of which is represented by a random variable. In particular, (η(x))x∈Z is a collection of independent random variables with a common distribution μ, μ(Z+)=1, Z+≔N∪{0}, N={1,2,3,…}. The particles at the origin are active, all other ones being assumed as dormant, or sleeping, hence not active. Active particles perform a simple symmetric continuous-time random walk in Z (that is, a random walk with exp(1)-distributed jump times and jumps −1 and 1, each with probability 1/2), independently of all other particles. Sleeping particles stay still until the first arrival of an active particle to their location; upon arrival they become active and start their own simple random walks. Different sets of conditions are given ensuring explosion, respectively non-explosion, of the continuous-time frog model. Our results show in particular that if μ is the distribution of eYlnY with a non-negative random variable Y satisfying EY<∞, then a.s. no explosion occurs. On the other hand, if a∈(0,1) and μ is the distribution of eX, where P{X≥t}=t−a, t≥1, then explosion occurs a.s. The proof relies on a certain type of comparison to a percolation model which we call totally asymmetric discrete inhomogeneous Boolean percolation.

Determinants of undernutrition among khat chewing and non-khat chewing male adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study

Khat chewing is a deep-rooted socio-cultural tradition that affects appetite, gastric emptying, and food intake, ultimately influencing nutritional status. Moreover, there is significant variation in lifestyles and ways of living among khat chewing and non-chewing people. However, there is limited evidence on the disaggregated determinants of undernutrition among khat chewers and non-chewers in Ethiopia. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 253 Khat-chewing and 249 non-chewing male adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Weight and height were measured under standard procedure and used to calculate the body mass index (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 indicates undernutrition). Variables with p-values below 0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model to identify factors associated with undernutrition and to control confounding respectively. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to declare the presence and the strength of association between the independent and outcome variable. Statistical significance was declared at a p value of 0.05. In this study, a total of 138 (27.5%: 23.6–31.6%) adult males were undernourished; among them, 78 (32.0%) were khat chewers and 60 (23.9%) were non chewers. Christian religion (AOR = 1.49; 1.02–2.30), vegetable consumption (AOR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.12–2.55) and khat chewing (AOR = 1.60; 1.04–2.45) were independent risk factors for undernutrition. However, none of the above factors showed a statistically significant association among non-khat chewer male adults. In conclusion, undernutrition was a public health concern in male adults in the study area. Frequent consumption of fruits, vegetables and family size of the households were the independent predictors of undernutrition. The practical implication of identifying risk factors of undernutrition among chewers and non-chewers could be helpful in depicting the relevant risk factors by exposure category and helping to further refine intervention packages. In addition, focusing on interventions which can increase the availability and accessibility of fruits and vegetables are important to improve the nutritional status of adult male populations.

Insights into the Adsorption of Cr(VI) on Activated Carbon Prepared from Walnut Shells: Combining Response Surface Methodology with Computational Calculation

Walnut shells were used to produce highly microporous activated carbon. The prepared activated walnut shells were found to be an efficient adsorbent for removing Cr(VI). The study used the response surface methodology to investigate four independent variables effect: Cr(VI) concentration, pH, AC-Ws dose, and temperature on the Cr(VI) removal efficiency, which was studied in the concentration range of 0.1 to 0.3 g/L, 4 to 10, 15 to 35 °C and 1 to 5 mg/L, respectively. Through experiments designed, the optimum conditions were determined to be 4, 0.23 g/L, 298 k, and 2 g/L, respectively. At these conditions, the efficiency of removal was found to be 93%. The thermodynamic study of the adsorption process showed a spontaneous and exothermic nature. The kinetic model that explains the experimental data is the pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, the Langmuir isotherm model was estimated to be an excellent representation of the equilibrium data. Quantum calculations and NCI analyses were also performed to get more light on the adsorption mechanism of the Cr(VI) atom and its complex form on the prepared AC-Ws surface.

Exploring the Impact of Economic Indicators on Foreign Direct Investment: Case of Côte D'ivoire

This paper examines the impact of economic indicators on foreign direct investment in Côte d'Ivoire, using data from 1970 to 2022 sourced from the World Bank database. The independent variables examined include Gross Domestic Product, inflation rate, exchange rate, trade openness, and government debt, while FDI serves as the dependent variable. Through rigorous statistical analysis, including Augmented Dickey-Fuller tests, Ordinary Least Squares analysis, Johansen cointegration analysis, and Granger causality tests, the results showed that GDP and inflation rate exhibit statistically significant positive effect on FDI, suggesting that economic growth and higher inflation rates may attract foreign investment. However, variables such as exchange rate, trade openness, and government debt do not show significant impacts on FDI. The study underscores the nuanced nature of FDI determinants in Côte d'Ivoire, emphasizing the need for tailored policy interventions to foster sustained economic growth and attract foreign investment. These outcomes help to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics shaping FDI inflows in the region, providing valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and stakeholders alike

The effect of current ratio and debt to equity ratio on return on equity at PT. Timah Tbk

This study aims to partially determine the effect of the current ratio (CR) on return on equity (ROE). To find out if there is a partial effect of Debt to equity ratio (DER) on Return On Equity (ROE). To find out if there is an effect of the Current ratio (CR) and Debt-to-equity ratio (DER) simultaneously on Return On Equity (ROE). The population in this study is the financial statements of PT. Timah Tbk for the period 2010-2021. The method used in this study is a descriptive method using an associative approach. The data used is secondary data obtained from the site www.idx.co.id. Data management is processed using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) software program version 26.0. Data analysis used is multiple linear regression, multiple correlations, determination correlation, f-test, t-test, and testing classical assumptions, including normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, and autocorrelation tests. The results of this study show that the current and debt-to-equity ratios significantly affect return on equity at pt. Timah Tbk, for the period 2010-2021, the current ratio partially does not substantially affect return on equity, while the Debt to equity ratio significantly affects return on equity. From the coefficient of determination test, it can be concluded that the two independent variables affect the return on equity at 36.5% while the system is 63.5% influenced by other factors not studied in this study.

STUDI PERBANDINGAN ANTARA JUMP SHOOT DENGAN SHOOTING DITEMPAT MENGGUNAKAN DUA TANGAN DIATAS KEPALA DALAM PERMAINAN BOLA BASKETPADA SISWA PUTRA SMA TARVID ENDE

This research is entitled Comparative Study between Jump Shoot and Shooting in Place Using Two Hands Above the Head in Basketball Games among Male Students at Tarvid Ende High School in 2023. The method used is Expost Facto research, Expost facto is a research method where manipulation (treatment) of the independent variable has been carried out. happened previously so that the research does not need to provide further treatment, just the effect on the dependent variable. The researcher can draw the following conclusion: "There is a difference between jump shooting and shooting on the spot using two hands above the head in the basketball game for class X boys at Tarvid Ende High School in 2023." (3.918 &gt; 2.069) with degrees of freedom (db) = (N-1) = 24 – 1 = 23 and at a significance level of 5%. Thus, the t-test value obtained in the research is significant, so the null hypothesis (Ho) is reads: "There is no comparison between jumpshooting and shooting on the spot using two hands above the head in a basketball game for class in place of using two hands above the head in a basketball game for class X male students at Tarvid Ende High School in 2023 "accepted.

Improving the performance of a condensation water production system through support vector machine modeling and genetic algorithm optimization

Abstract Water scarcity is recognized as a critical global concern and one viable solution involves extracting water from atmospheric humidity by leveraging subterranean coldness. This study meticulously evaluates the operational efficacy of a water production system by examining four pivotal factors: buried pipe length (TL), air flow rate (AFR), air temperature (AT), and air humidity (AH). A positive correlation between these variables and water vapor production is established, with AT exerting the most pronounced influence. Significantly, the analysis of variance reveals the main and interactive effects of the variables, except for TL × AFR, at a 5% significance level. To enhance understanding of the intricate interplay among these factors, a proficient least squares support vector machines model is devised, employing a radial basis function kernel. This model demonstrates an impressive 98% concurrence between projected and empirical data, with a minimal error of 0.66 mL and 5.99%. An in-depth sensitivity analysis underscores the differential impact of AT, AH, TL, and AFR on water vapor (WV) prediction. Optimal values of 3.98 m, 6.89 m3/h, 46.30 °C, and 86.62% for TL, AFR, AT, and AH, respectively, are obtained through subsequent optimization of independent variables using genetic algorithms, resulting in a notable water production of 23.61 mL.