Independent Constructs Research Articles

The Varieties of Agency in Human–Smart Device Relationships: The Four Agency Profiles

This paper investigates how users of smart devices attribute agency both to themselves and to their devices. Statistical analyses, tag cloud analysis, and sentiment analysis were applied on survey data collected from 587 participants. As a result of a preliminary factorial analysis, two independent constructs of agency emerged: (i) user agency and (ii) device agency. These two constructs received further support from a sentiment analysis and a tag cloud analysis conducted on the written responses provided in a survey. We also studied how user agency and device agency relate to various background variables, such as the user’s professional knowledge of smart devices. We present a new preliminary model, where the two agency constructs are used to conceptualize agency in human–smart device relationships in a matrix composed of a controller, collaborator, detached, and victim. Our model with the constructs of user agency and device agency fosters a richer understanding of the users’ experiences in their interactions with devices. The results could facilitate designing interfaces that better take into account the users’ views of their own capabilities as well as the capacities of their devices; the findings can assist in tackling challenges such as the feeling of lacking agency experienced by technologically savvy users.

Framework of the Mediation Effect of Artificial Intelligence Usage on the Relationship Between Innovation Factors and Organisational Performance

This paper details a study focused on establishing a framework to examine how Artificial Intelligence Usage mediates the relationship between innovation factors and organizational performance. Before constructing the framework, a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) mediation model was formulated using SmartPLS software. This model encompasses innovation factors categorized into three groups: marketing, management, and process, treated as independent constructs, while organizational performance serves as the dependent construct, with artificial intelligence usage acting as the mediator. Data for constructing the model were gathered through a questionnaire survey administered to 129 employees of ADNOC, selected via convenient random sampling. The constructed model underwent rigorous assessment of its inner and outer components until meeting predefined fitness criteria. Subsequently, a bootstrapping procedure was employed for hypothesis testing to ascertain the significance level of each relationship path, facilitating the determination of mediation effects. The framework emerged from the results of these mediation effects, indicating that process innovation achieved partial mediation, management innovation achieved full mediation, while marketing innovation showed no mediation effect. This framework is poised to aid ADNOC employees in integrating innovation factors with artificial intelligence usage to enhance organizational performance.

Scripting success: a systematic literature review of the process genre approach for writing in Asian education

The problem and the aim of the study. In the 21st century, the process genre approach has gained prominence among various writing methodologies. Numerous scholars have scrutinized its impact on writing within diverse educational settings. However, the extensive body of research makes it challenging to distil current theories, dependent variables, instruments and teaching methods for writing in Asian education. By doing so, it aims to uncover contemporary theories, effective practices, and relevant pedagogical techniques, contributing valuable insights to enhance writing education in this context. Research methods. The primary methodology employed in this study is the systematic literature review method, renowned for its rigorous approach to gathering, evaluating, and synthesizing existing research. The process initiates with comprehensive data searching across authoritative academic databases renowned for their scholarly rigour and reliability from 2019 to 2023, specifically Scopus, Wiley, Taylor and Francis, Emerald and Sage. A deliberate preference for these databases over more expansive platforms like Google Scholar underscores the commitment to selecting high-quality and peer-reviewed articles. The review process encompasses several stages, commencing with the meticulous screening of titles and abstracts to ascertain alignment with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, the selected articles undergo a thorough examination, enabling a nuanced analysis of their content. The culmination of this methodological rigour culminates in a comprehensive report that distils key findings, ultimately contributing substantively to the scholarly discourse in Asian education writing instruction. Results. Within the confines of this systematic literature review, the researchers have successfully identified and meticulously scrutinised a total of nine pertinent theoretical frameworks that are intricately intertwined with the approach to PG writing. Furthermore, it has been ascertained that a total of 19 scholars have employed 12 distinct dependent variables in their respective research endeavours. The analysis conducted in this study has also yielded a comprehensive categorisation of instruments, which encompasses six distinct categories. This categorisation provides valuable insights into the various methodological approaches that have been utilised by scholars in their research on the topic of PG writing. By means of a rigorous examination of pedagogical and compositional methodologies, this synthesis has unveiled overarching foundational principles, encompassing preparation, modelling, planning, joint construction, independent construction, and revision, thereby encapsulating the comprehensive terrain of PG writing research. Conclusion. In summary, this systematic literature review serves as a highly valuable and indispensable tool for forthcoming scholars who are venturing into the realm of research pertaining to PG studies. The comprehensive findings encapsulate a wide range of interconnected theories and frameworks, a multitude of dependent variables examined, a variety of instruments employed, and intricate observations regarding teaching methodologies employed in the domain of PG writing research. The compilation of essential elements presented herein serves as a valuable resource for scholars seeking to engage in PG writing research. It facilitates the seamless identification and addressing of research gaps, while offering a comprehensive overview of the current research trends within this particular domain.

Development and Validation of a Novel Predictive Model for the Early Differentiation of Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Syncope.

The diagnosis of cardiac syncope remains a challenge. This study sought to develop and validate a diagnostic model for the early identification of individuals likely to have a cardiac cause. 877 syncope patients with a determined cause were retrospectively enrolled at a tertiary heart center. They were randomly divided into the training set and validation set at a 7:3 ratio. We analyzed the demographic information, medical history, laboratory tests, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression for selection of key features. Then a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors and construct a diagnostic model. The receiver operating characteristic curves, area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive accuracy and clinical value of this nomogram. Five independent predictors for cardiac syncope were selected: BMI (OR 1.088; 95% CI 1.022-1.158; P =0.008), chest symptoms preceding syncope (OR 5.251; 95% CI 3.326-8.288; P <0.001), logarithmic NT-proBNP (OR 1.463; 95% CI 1.240-1.727; P <0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR 0.940; 95% CI 0.908-0.973; P <0.001), and abnormal electrocardiogram (OR 6.171; 95% CI 3.966-9.600; P <0.001). Subsequently, a nomogram based on a multivariate logistic regression model was developed and validated, yielding AUC of 0.873 (95% CI 0.845-0.902) and 0.856 (95% CI 0.809-0.903), respectively. The calibration curves showcased the nomogram's reasonable calibration, and the decision curve analysis demonstrated good clinical utility. A diagnostic tool providing individualized probability predictions for cardiac syncope was developed and validated, which may potentially serve as an effective tool to facilitate early identification of such patients.

A closer examination of the risk–reward correlation: an individual-level analysis and exploration in the loss domain

ABSTRACT Utility and probability are considered independent constructs for decision-making under uncertainty. However, many studies have suggested that people assume a correlation between probability and utility. Specifically, recent studies indicated the existence of “risk–reward heuristics” that assume a negative correlation between probability and utility in the real world when inferring winning probabilities from payoffs during decisions made under uncertainty. This study aimed to explore the relationship between probability and utility by requiring participants to estimate both the probabilities from payoffs and payoffs from probabilities in a gain or loss situation. The results support the existence of risk–reward correlation both in gain and loss domain, and, at the same time, suggest the possibility that people have different intuitions for the probability-utility relationship between the gain and loss domains. This study also provides some theoretical suggestions, including a causal relationship between reward and probability, and the origin of the risk-reward correlation.

Online Review Influence on the Retail Industry

The research undertaken investigates the effect of online reviews on purchase emotions of young consumers with reference to National Capital Region of India. Quantitative aspects of online reviews, like reviewer quality, reviewer exposure, product attributes, and temporal effects have been considered. Based on literature review, the S-O-R model has been further built on and constructs of A.I.S.A.S. model, i.e., attention and trust, action and share have been incorporated to evaluate buying pattern and behaviour they follow related to online review. Interestingly, when consumers read online reviews, they concentrate not only on review scores but also refer to other textual information like a reviewer's trust and the content associated with it such as various pictures and videos. It is also seen that the market responds more favourably to reviews written by reviewers with better reputations and better exposure, i.e., the influencers. The study also aims to explore the strength of the relationship between the identified independent constructs of online reviews and buying behaviour of an individual.

Sampling and Change of Measure for Monte Carlo Integration on Simplices

Simplices are the fundamental domain when integrating over convex polytopes. The aim of this work is to establish a novel framework of Monte Carlo integration over simplices, throughout from sampling to variance reduction. Namely, we develop a uniform sampling method on the standard simplex consisting of two independent procedures and construct theories on change of measure on each of the two independent elements in the developed sampling technique with a view towards variance reduction by importance sampling. We provide illustrative figures and numerical results to support our theoretical findings and demonstrate the strong potential of the developed framework for effective implementation and acceleration of Monte Carlo integration over simplices.

Measuring L1 Chinese speakers’ anxiety when completing an English as L2 video narration task

Abstract The present study investigated the nature of Chinese as First Language (L1) speakers’ anxiety when completing an oral task in English as Foreign Language (L2). Chinese second-year university students (n = 96) performed a video narration task and completed questionnaires measuring their trait anxiety, foreign language anxiety, and task anxiety. Exploratory factor analysis identified the underlying sub-facets of the task anxiety construct, including language-related difficulties, environment-related anxiety, setting-related anxiety and physiological symptoms. Language-related difficulties explained the largest amount of variance and emerged as the most influential factor. Structural equation modelling demonstrated that task anxiety was an independent construct subject to direct influence from foreign language anxiety and indirect influence from trait anxiety. Findings suggest that task anxiety is a context-specific construct that warrants distinct attention from teachers and researchers. Implications for helping students to cope with anxiety in task-based pedagogy and practice are discussed.

How do different values affect pro-environmental behaviours and happiness?

Schwartz’s Value Theory has brought about a rebirth of research on human values. However, the mediating role of pro-environmental behaviours and happiness on human values is inadequate. Thus, this study adopted the bipolar dimensions of human values organised by Schwartz, self-transcendence, and self-enhancement as the independent construct of values to explore the mediating role of pro-environmental behaviours and happiness. Data were taken from a random sample of Klang Valley residents (N = 700) in Malaysia. Partial least squares and structural equation modeling tools were used to achieve the aims. The study found that self-transcendence plays a vital role in affecting pro-environmental behaviours and happiness. Pro-environmental behaviours lead to happiness, and it is an important mediator between human value with happiness. Happiness leads to pro-environmental behaviours, and it is also an important mediator between human values and pro-environmental behaviours. The results confirm that psychological factors (happiness) regarding the environment play a prominent role in determining pro-environmental behaviours. Hence, cultivating self-transcendence values is crucial to foster pro-environmental behaviours and boosting happiness. Engaging with pro-environmental behaviours is important to generate positive feelings, which will eventually boost happiness. Nurturing a sense of happiness will motivate pro-environmental behaviours as well.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Digital Brosur Promosi UMKM di Kabupaten Banyumas

AbstractThe community service is aimed to provide knowledge about brochure visualization. The method used to achieve these objectives involves activities such as presentations, training, and mentoring, which include knowledge building, modeling, joint construction, and independent construction activities. To measure the success of the activity, there are three types of evaluation: (1) the initial stage through a Pre-test. Questions are posed through a Google form to assess the participants' initial knowledge, (2) the implementation stage/process of the activity through observation, discussion, practice, and assessment of the final products, and (3) the final stage through a post-test, where answers are assessed to determine the knowledge improvement after participating in this PkM. With these evaluation stages, the knowledge and skills of the participants are assessed to understand their improved understanding of brochure visualization knowledge and skills. As a result, there is an increase in knowledge about brochure visualization. Through this activity, issues related to optimizing knowledge and skills in brochure visualization can be addressed.

A Risk Prediction Model for Adverse Events after Surgical Valve Replacement

Background. Although several risk-predictive models for patients undergoing surgical valve replacement (SVR) have been published, reports on composite endpoints of adverse events in these patients are limited. This study aimed to establish a novel, easy-to-use prognostic prediction model of composite endpoints in patients following SVR. Methods. According to the inclusion criteria, patients with successful SVR were enrolled. Adverse events, including heart failure hospitalization, stroke, major bleeding, uncontrolled infection, secondary surgery, postoperative arrhythmia, and all-cause mortality during follow-up, were tracked. All datasets were randomly divided into the derivation and validation cohorts at a ratio of 7 to 3. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen for independent predictors and construct a nomogram for adverse events. We further presented a calibration curve and decision curve analysis for evaluating prediction models. Results. According to the multivariate logistic regression analyses, three variables were selected for the final predictive model, including platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, diabetes mellitus, and albumin. A nomogram was then constructed to present the results. The C-index of the model was 0.73 (95% confidence interval: 0.65–0.81) for the derivation cohort and 0.75 (95% confidence interval: 0.64–0.86) for the validation cohort. The calibration curve demonstrated that the results of the nomogram agreed with actual observations (Brier score = 0.09). Conclusions. We developed an effective nomogram to predict the occurrence of composite adverse events in patients following SVR. This model could be used to evaluate the mid-term risks of adverse events as well as provide clinicians and patients with a basis for decision-making.

Establishment of a Predictive Model for Chronic Cough after Pulmonary Resection

Chronic cough after pulmonary resection is one of the most common complications, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients after surgery. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the risk factors of chronic cough after pulmonary resection and construct a prediction model. The clinical data and postoperative cough of 499 patients who underwent pneumonectomy or pulmonary resection in The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from January 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into training set (n=348) and validation set (n=151) according to the principle of 7:3 randomization. According to whether the patients in the training set had chronic cough after surgery, they were divided into cough group and non-cough group. The Mandarin Chinese version of Leicester cough questionnare (LCQ-MC) was used to assess the severity of cough and its impact on patients' quality of life before and after surgery. The visual analog scale (VAS) and the self-designed numerical rating scale (NRS) were used to evaluate the postoperative chronic cough. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the independent risk factors and construct a model. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discrimination of the model, and calibration curve was used to evaluate the consistency of the model. The clinical application value of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA). Multivariate Logistic analysis screened out that preoperative forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), surgical procedure, upper mediastinal lymph node dissection, subcarinal lymph node dissection, and postoperative closed thoracic drainage time were independent risk factors for postoperative chronic cough. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, a Nomogram prediction model was constructed. The area under the ROC curve was 0.954 (95%CI: 0.930-0.978), and the cut-off value corresponding to the maximum Youden index was 0.171, with a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 86.6%. With a Bootstrap sample of 1000 times, the predicted risk of chronic cough after pulmonary resection by the calibration curve was highly consistent with the actual risk. DCA showed that when the preprobability of the prediction model probability was between 0.1 and 0.9, patients showed a positive net benefit. Chronic cough after pulmonary resection seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The visual presentation form of the Nomogram is helpful to accurately predict chronic cough after pulmonary resection and provide support for clinical decision-making.

The Relationship Between the Daily Use of Digital Technologies and the Reading and Information Literacy Skills of 15-Year-Old Students

&lt;p style="text-align:justify"&gt;Digital technologies in all forms have become ubiquitous in our media-rich, modern information society, but the connection between their use and information literacy is not always clear. This paper examines the impact of daily use of digital technologies on the reading and information literacy skills of 15-year-old students in Slovenia, based on data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 study. The study examines PISA 2018 variables related to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), as well as a reading task involving the use of ICT. The sample consists of 2612 Slovenian students with a gender distribution of 50.8% girls and 49.2% boys. The study explores students' experiences, enjoyment, self-efficacy, autonomy, and independence in using ICT and learning about its use and identifies two groups of students: one group that is curious and another that is cautious. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) show that the constructs of enjoyment, self-efficacy, learning, autonomy, and independence are highly/strongly correlated but have a low/insignificant impact on information literacy skills.&lt;/p&gt;

Revisiting sentence-final adjunct WHAT

Abstract The sentence-final adjunct WHAT has been given much attention for the past few years, mostly on its why-like interpretation and negative force. In this study, evidence will be provided to show that what otherwise seems to be exceptional cases, in effect, constitutes an independent construction, the refutatory WHAT construction. Although such a construction yields a strong negative force, it has the force dwell upon the interlocutor’s attitude or commitment. It is used to refute his/her previous claim in a conversation and can tolerate any utterance form. This is in sharp contrast to the why-like WHAT which is typically used to forbid actions and is restricted to action verbs. As will be revealed later, in syntax, the refutatory WHAT has to employ a component above CP, which not only helps explain the speaker’s refutatory force, but also directs our attention to a new ascending perspective zoned for both the speaker and the hearer/addressee.

Analizando la Vacuidad y Sustancia Literaria: Una Perspectiva Informada por la Filosofía Neoconfuciana de Tang Junyi

Abstract: The objective of this study is to thoroughly analyze and interpret Tang Junyi’s ideas about emptiness and substance in literature and art in a systematic manner. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of Tang Junyi’s viewpoints, we initially employed the “close reading method” to carefully examine all of his works. Additionally, we utilized the “conceptual analysis method” to focus on identifying and explaining key concepts in his literary ideas. At the same time, we compared Tang Junyi’s ideas with other scholars’ research findings, using the “literature comparison method”. After conducting a thorough examination, the author concludes that Tang Junyi’s perspective on emptiness and substance in literature and art is not an independent intellectual construct, but rather a unique viewpoint formed within the backdrop of traditional Chinese culture and philosophy. This concept is central to his literary theory and serves as a prominent element within his philosophical framework. By exploring the realm of “emptiness and substance” within Tang Junyi’s literary ideas, we can gain a deeper understanding and appreciation for his impact on literature and philosophy. This exploration also presents fresh perspectives and conceptual structures for the examination of Chinese literary theory and culture.

Establishment, Prediction, and Validation of a Nomogram for Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients With Diabetes.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to establish a predictive model of cognitive impairment in elderly people with diabetes. Methods: We analyzed a total of 878 elderly patients with diabetes who were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014. The data were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 6:4. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors and construct a prediction nomogram for cognitive impairment. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the clinical utility of the nomogram. Results: LASSO logistic regression was used to screen eight variables, age, race, education, poverty income ratio (PIR), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum uric acid (SUA), and heart failure (HF). A nomogram model was built based on these predictors. The ROC analysis of our training set yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.786, while the validation set showed an AUC of 0.777. The calibration curve demonstrated a good fit between the two groups. Furthermore, the DCA indicated that the model has a favorable net benefit when the risk threshold exceeds 0.2. Conclusion: The newly developed nomogram has proved to be an important tool for accurately predicting cognitive impairment in elderly patients with diabetes, providing important information for targeted prevention and intervention measures.

GRANDMOTHER CAREGIVERS’ RESILIENCE, MINDFULNESS, AND RESOURCEFULNESS AND MCCUBBIN’S MODEL OF FAMILY STRESS

Abstract Grandmothers raising grandchildren face numerous challenges that are reflected in their levels of depressive symptoms and perceived family functioning. Using McCubbin’s Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation, we examine how demographics, family demands (intra-family strains), mediators of problem-solving/coping (resilience, mindfulness and resourcefulness), resources (support) and situational appraisals (stress and reward) affect a) depressive symptoms and b) family functioning. Our participants were a nationwide sample of 300 American grandmothers raising grandchildren who participated in an online research study. Our regression model for general family functioning had an adjusted R2 of .44. Better self-appraisal of family functioning was significantly associated with younger participant age, identifying as white, higher levels of resourcefulness, fewer reported intra-family strains, more subjective social support and instrumental support. Situational appraisals, the problem solving/coping factors of resilience and mindfulness, employment status, and marital status did not significantly predict family functioning. Depressive symptoms, as measured by the CES-D scale, had an adjusted R2 of .46. Participants who were married, had fewer intra-family strains, higher levels of mindfulness and resilience, higher subjective support, and who appraised greater reward from caregiving to grandchildren had lower levels of depressive symptoms. There was no effect from caregiving stress, resourcefulness, employment status, or race. These analyses show the continued utility of McCubbin’s model, despite different patterns of predictors of family functioning and depressive symptoms. This further develops our prior work showing that resilience, mindfulness, and resourcefulness are correlated but independent theoretical constructs as they interact very differently with our two outcomes.

Organization of Project Activities of 5-6 Grade Students in Сomputer Science Lessons: Scientific and Theoretical Analysis

The study is devoted to the problem of scientific and theoretical analysis of the possibilities of the practical application of project activities for 5–6 grades students in Computer science lessons. The aim of the article is to justify the importance and relevance of the implementing educational projects by 5–6 grades students, solving research tasks, which should lead to the formation of comprehensive skills, information literacy and culture. Methods. To achieve the aim, the author used the following methods: analysis, synthesis of regulatory, legal, scientific and pedagogical sources, generalization. Results. The relevance of the problem of application of project technology in the study of the educational subject «Сomputer science» by students has been proven. The project method should be considered as a system of education, according to which students acquire knowledge and skills in the process of planning and performing gradually more complex practical tasks. The project-based learning environment is dominated by students' self-activity and activity. This pedagogical technology should be implemented in several stages and be cyclical in its implementation. At the same time, project activities should be carried out in several stages, which include: constructive, value-oriented and evaluative-reflective. Project technology should include: transformation of the student into the central figure of the educational process; the absence of reproductive learning with the simultaneous dominance of cognitive activity; independent acquisition and the possibility of applying the acquired knowledge; joint reasoning, discussion and research; respect for students, taking into account the integral personality of students; the presence of an important problem; creativity; structuring the content of the project; the presence of the final version. It is emphasized that the work on the educational project should involve free choice of the project by students and consideration of their interests, independence and problem solving, integration of knowledge, skills and abilities from other fields of science and technology, creativity, practical application of the acquired knowledge, and gaining individual experience. Сomputer science teachers should focus on the individual characteristics of students in grades 5–6, as youth of this age have differentiated, stable and effective cognitive interests. Accordingly, it is necessary to stimulate students' cognitive interest through activities that are practically oriented. In turn, this allows you to introduce students to a problematic situation that will affect their intelligence, will, emotions, feelings, desires and actions. Given these circumstances, a Computer science teacher should use such methods as brainstorming, analogies, modulation, and cataloging in project activities. The use of the brainstorming method leads to the activation of students' cognitive activity; the method of analogies deals with the formulation of hypotheses; modeling leads to independent construction of models, development of new notation systems, creation of ideal subject environments; cataloging helps to the compilation of stories in accordance with the questions posed by the teacher. Conclusions. It is noted that when organizing the project activity of students in grades 5–6, school teachers should take into account the mandatory application of the principle of continuity to the education of this age category pupils (the initial stage of implementation of the NUS Concept in primary school; project skills acquired by primary school pupils; available IT competencies; low level of independence); types of independent work, appropriate and adequate to the age characteristics of pupils; the presence of a learning problem in the organized project activity; personal and collective creativity; and the development of the project activity. The educational outcome of organizing project activities in Computer science lessons is the integration of theoretical and practical knowledge, search and research activities, the students’ orientation in the information space, the critical evaluation of information, the formation of skills to analyze, systematize, generalize the material obtained, the development of skills for cooperating and self-educating in the solving practical problems process.

Exact Correlations in Topological Quantum Chains

Although free-fermion systems are considered exactly solvable, they generically do not admit closed expressions for nonlocal quantities such as topological string correlations or entanglement measures. We derive closed expressions for such quantities for a dense subclass of certain classes of topological fermionic wires (classes BDI and AIII). Our results also apply to spin chains called generalised cluster models. While there is a bijection between general models in these classes and Laurent polynomials, restricting to polynomials with degenerate zeros leads to a plethora of exact results: (1) we derive closed expressions for the string correlation functions - the order parameters for the topological phases in these classes; (2) we obtain an exact formula for the characteristic polynomial of the correlation matrix, giving insight into ground state entanglement; (3) the latter implies that the ground state can be described by a matrix product state (MPS) with a finite bond dimension in the thermodynamic limit - an independent and explicit construction for the BDI class is given in a concurrent work [Phys. Rev. Res. 3 (2021), 033265, 26 pages, arXiv:2105.12143]; (4) for BDI models with even integer topological invariant, all non-zero eigenvalues of the transfer matrix are identified as products of zeros and inverse zeros of the aforementioned polynomial. General models in these classes can be obtained by taking limits of the models we analyse, giving a further application of our results. To the best of our knowledge, these results constitute the first application of Day's formula and Gorodetsky's formula for Toeplitz determinants to many-body quantum physics.

Fast 3D reconstruction via event-based structured light with spatio-temporal coding.

Event-based structured light (SL) systems leverage bio-inspired event cameras, which are renowned for their low latency and high dynamics, to drive progress in high-speed structured light systems. However, existing event-based structured light methods concentrate on the independent construction of either time-domain or space-domain features for stereo matching, ignoring the spatio-temporal consistency towards depth. In this work, we build an event-based SL system that consists of a laser point projector and an event camera, and we devise a spatial-temporal coding strategy that realizes depth encoding in dual domains through a single shot. To exploit the spatio-temporal synergy, we further present STEM, a novel Spatio-Temporal Enhanced Matching approach for 3D reconstruction. STEM is comprised of two parts, the spatio-temporal enhancing (STE) algorithm and the spatio-temporal matching (STM) algorithm. Specifically, STE integrates the dual-domain information to increase the saliency of the temporal coding, providing a more robust basis for matching. STM is a stereo matching algorithm explicitly tailored to the unique characteristics of event data modality, which computes the disparity via a meticulously designed hybrid cost function. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method, achieving a reconstruction rate of 16 fps and a low root mean square error of 0.56 mm at a distance of 0.72 m.